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INDONESIA
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Published by Official Organ of Indian Association of Medico-Legal Expert
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Public Health
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Epidemilogi
Articles 5,497 Documents
 74   75   76   77   78 
Saliva in identification of ABO Blood Grouping & Rhesus Factor Harshada R
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 3 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i3.10362

Abstract

Aim: To assess the efficacy and reliability of saliva in identification of ABO blood grouping. Materials and Method: The study was conducted in the outpatient department of Oral Medicine and Radiology. The serum and saliva of 50 participants were collected and the blood group of the individual from serum was identified by the slide agglutination method and from saliva by the absoption elution method. Results: Data obtained were subjected to statistical analysis using Paerson’s chi square test and it showed high significance (P = <0.001). Conclusion: The outcome of the present study showed that saliva can be used as an aid in forensics for identification of ABO blood grouping of an individual.
Pattern of Injuries in Road Traffic Accidents – An Autopsy Study K H Thippeswamy1 , Ravindra Kumar C N2 , H C Govinda Raju3
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 3 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i3.10363

Abstract

The present study is a retrospective study conducted in the department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology at East Point College of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Bangalore, for a period of one year, from September 2018 to August 2019. During this period a total of 46 cases of road traffic accidents were reported amounting to 34.6% of total medico-legal autopsies conducted (133 cases). Among 46 cases of road traffic accident majority were males 39 (84.8%) and females account to 7 cases (15.2%). Majority of the victims belonged to age group of 31 - 50 years. According to the road user category involved in the accident the maximum were pedestrians (45.7 %) followed by the two wheeler (43.5 %) and the main offending vehicle involved in the accidents were two wheeler (43.5 %). High proportion of cases showed skull fractures (87 %), 52.2 % shows chest bone fractures, followed by lower limb (32.6 %) and upper limb (21.7 %) fractures. Most of the skull fractures were associated with brain injury (82.6%) in the form of laceration or contusions of brain or brain haemorrhages, followed by thoracic injuries leading to lung lacerations or contusions (30.4%). Following the road traffic accidents, most of the victims (80.4%) died at the scene before reaching the hospital.
Chromatographic Analysis of General Otc Anti-Allergic Drug: Cetirizine Kaur Loveleen1 , Kaur Ridamjeet2 , Sharma Tina3
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 3 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i3.10364

Abstract

Cetirizine as general OTC anti-allergic drug was evaluated through paper chromatography. Twelve cetirizine compositions were analysed wherein each tablet and syrups were six in number. Seven solvent systems were experimented from which chloroform and methanol in ratio 50:50 proved to be best solvent system for both cetirizine tablet and syrup compositions. Other solvent system that showed clear separation of spots were n-hexane, toluene and diethyl ether in ratio 65:25:10 and acetone and methanol in ratio 90:10 for tablet and syrup preparations respectively. Iodine fuming technique and UV radiations were also utilized for visualising some unidentified and invisible spots during the examination procedures.
Pattern of Injuries Observed in Drivers Involved in Fatal Road Traffic Accidents in Tirupati B. Venkatesulu1 , Vishnu Vardhan Poluru2 , M. Abdul Khalid3
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 3 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i3.10365

Abstract

Road Traffic Accidents (RTA) constitute a significant health problem. They constitute the 8th leading cause of death. The aim of this study was to analyse road traffic accidents in Tirupati city and find out the pattern of injuries in drivers who were victims of fatal road traffic accidents. This retrospective study was conducted at the Department of Forensic medicine, S.V Medical College, Tirupati during period 2016 to 2018. Specific findings regarding the injuries sustained to the drivers were noted. A total of 904 people were killed in RTA and were brought to the morgue for postmortem examination. Out of all victims 170 (18.80%) were drivers. Most common age group involved was 30 – 39 yrs. Most of the drivers were males. Polytrauma with lower limb injuries accounted for most common injury in drivers (40.35%) followed by head injury (19.29%) and thoracic injury (12.28%). This study has shown the vulnerability of the vehicle drivers to fatal injuries during RTA. Hence, there is a need for road safety awareness, usage of seat belts, strict enforcement of laws, maintaining vehicle fitness etc. to protect the vulnerable group of people, to decrease the associated morbidity, mortality and reduce the economic burden to the society/ country at large.
Profile of Medicolegal Autopsy Cases Conducted at Tertiary Care Centre, Kalaburagi, Karnataka Manish K1 , KhajaAzizuddin Junaidi2 , Deepak S3 , Umesh SR4
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 3 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i3.10366

Abstract

Objectives: The profile of medico legal autopsy cases is important in order to know the death statistics in a region due to unnatural causes. The main objectives of the study were: a) To ascertain the various aspects of unnatural deaths, b) To analyze the probable reasons for the same & c) To find remedial measures to bring down the incidence. Materials and Method: The present study is a retrospective study of autopsies performed at GIMS, District Hospital, Kalaburagi, Karnataka from January 2018 to December 2018. During this period a total of 647 autopsy cases were conducted. Relevant information and subjective data like age, sex, marital status & manner of death have been collected from medicolegal autopsy register from January 2018 to December Results: Out of 647 cases analyzed, maximum number of autopsies were in the age group of 21-30 years with 204 cases(31.5%). Majority of victims were males 437(67.5%). Hindus were majority in number with 540 cases(83.4%), married were 432(66.8%) & unmarried were 215 cases(33.2%). In our study 73% were rural residents & only 27% were urban. Accident, Suicide and Homicide deaths were 282(43.6%), 331(51.2%)& 34(5.2%) cases respectively. Natural deaths were seen in 14% cases. Maximum number of deaths were due to road traffic accidents with 212 cases (32.8%) followed by poisoning with 85 cases (13.1%). Out of total 647 cases maximum number of autopsy cases 317(49.1%) were conducted in the month of May to August. Conclusion: In our present study it is observed that maximum cases were in 3rd decade of life, Males outnumbered females, rural residents were more in number. Hindus being majority formed bulk of cases. RTA, Poisoning & burns were seen as leading cause of death & maximum deaths were in the month of May to August.
Liver Pathology in Autopsy Cases: A Retrospective Study in A Tertiary Care Center Ekta Rani 1 , Sarita Nibhoria1 , Sanjay Kumar2
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 3 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i3.10367

Abstract

Background: Liver is the site of many diseases, many become symptomatic while few are diagnosed only on autopsy. The cause of chronic liver disease varies in different geographic areas and influenced by socioeconomic status, diet, life style and regional diseases. Method: This retrospective study was carried out in a tertiary care hospital in the department of pathology over a period of one year. A total of 40 cases of liver specimens, received as part of liver, constituted the material for the study. All were autopsy cases and the organs were received in 10% formalin. Routine grossing and staining with H&E stain were performed. Slides were analysed and the findings were noted in percentages. Results: A total of 40 specimens were studied. Age ranges from new born to 70 years, with 92.5 % male cases. 32.5% of cases were autolysed. 25% were showing chronic venous congestion followed by fatty change (22.5%), hepatitis (12.5%). 2.5% each of cirrhosis, steatohepatitis and normal liver. Conclusion: 1. Autopsy has an important role in identifying the cause of death. To overcome the autolysis of the specimen, the medical practitioner performing the autopsies should be trained about how to carry post mortem and to preserve the viscera for histopathological examination so that cause of death could be noted.
Histopathological Study of the Freshwater Fish Ctenopharyngodon Idella Exposed to ?-Cyhalothrin 5% EC G. Rajeswari.1 , Lalitha Vinnakota1 , V.Venkata Rathnamma2
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 3 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i3.10368

Abstract

Present study Lambda cyhalothrin is a synthetic pyrethroid widely used for pest management and public health applications to control insects. It is categorized as a restricted use pesticide in Extension Toxicology Network for its toxicity to fish. But its usage for the control of major pest in agriculture is being continued in developing countries like India. The freshwater fish Ctenopharyngodon idella were exposed in sub lethal concentrations (1/10 of lethal concentrations) of lambda cyhalothrin 5%EC for 1 and 12 days along with controls to study histopathological changes under light microscope in the selected tissues viz., liver, kidney and gill were examined. Swelling of the hepatocytes with diffuse necrosis and marked swelling of blood vessels were observed in the liver tissue. Tubules of the kidney were distended, with tubular cells of posterior kidney exhibiting marked necrotic changes. Pathology of the gill tissue showed shortened primary lamellae, loss of secondary lamellae and congestion of blood vessels and hyperplasia of branchial plates and the pathology increased with increasing exposure periods.
Vocal Nodule and Polyp by Microlaryngoscopy and Cold Instruments Ganesh M. Vihapure1, Abhay D. Havle2 , Mannuru Khaleel Basha3 , Naman Pincha3 , Tripti3 , Sanket C P
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 3 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i3.10369

Abstract

Aim and Objective: To evaluate the usefulness of voice handicap index and seventy degree endoscopy for assessment of speech. Materials and Method: The study was conducted in the department of Otorhinolaryngolgy,tertiary care hospital,between 2018 to 2019. Results: Total of 42 cases underwent micro laryngeal surgerywithout any complications.voice Handicap index (VHI) and 70 degree scopy assessed after 10days, 1st month and 3rd month interval .All cases improved voice on 10th day and symptoms were gradually decreased. Before surgery mean was 82.43 changed to 17.31 on 10th day to 1.45 on 3rd month follow up.p value <0.005 Conclusion: Early diagnosis is important to rule out malignant changes in cases with hoarseness of voice and early treatment with microlarynoscopy is very effective shows significant improvement on voice handicap index and endoscopy and with patients satisfaction.
Knowledge Among Parents about Importance of Primary Dentition Gayathri.P.S1 , Krithika. C2 , D.M.Jenisha3 , S.Kalaivani3 , V.Jenifercharuprabha3 , R.Nithyaedeinto
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 3 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i3.10370

Abstract

Aim: Dental caries is very common in primary dentition because of improper oral hygiene and increased intake of sucrose. The parents are the one who take care of their children and make decision for them. Often parents are responsible for the oral care of their children. The aim of this study is to evaluate the knowledge among parents about importance of primary dentition. Objectives: To evaluate the attitude and knowledge of parents towards importance of maintaining primary dentition in their children. Materials and Method: The study was conducted among parents visiting dental institution, Chennai. A total of 200 questionnaire containing 15 questions were prepared for data collection and were personally distributed to parents. A number of 100 fathers and 100 mothers were included in the study. Results: The study shows that literate parents had more knowledge about primary dentition when compared to illiterate parents. Conclusion: Knowledge about primary dentition can be increased in parents by conducting oral awareness program in schools. There is a need cultivate positive attitude among parents to raise their knowledge about dental awareness.
Clinical Profile of Amblyopia in Young Adults Girish Gadre1 , Surabhi Khandelwal2 , V.H. Karambelkar3
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 3 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i3.10372

Abstract

Aim: To study clinical profile of amblyopic patients in relation to refractive status, socio economic status, use of glasses and social impact on society. Results: Myopes improving with spectacles are 45% and mixed astigmatism 69%. Most common age group for detection of amblyopia in young adults is 21-30 years(47.1%) with predominance of female(55.7%) belonging from middle class families (81.4%) having studied mostly from Government Marathi medium school(45.7%) with previously not using given glasses(57.1%) and with taken amblyopia of only (7.1%) and with spectacles maximum correction with mixed astigmatism (54.2%) between 6/36-6/9 in right eye (43%) and in left eye (30%) . Hypermetropies’ improving to 6/12 is only 13%. So there’s very few cases improving with the spectacles in hypermetropes in amblyopia. Interpretation: Lack of school screening programs and awareness for health check-up delays the diagnosis of amblyopia leading to non-improvement of vision and due to lack of knowledge and social stigma girls especially avoid wearing glasses even after prescribing leading to amblyopia. Conclusion: School health camps, proper health education, timely examination, and proper use of spectacles is must.

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