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INDONESIA
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Published by Official Organ of Indian Association of Medico-Legal Expert
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Public Health
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Epidemilogi
Articles 5,497 Documents
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Psychometric Properties of Hindi Version of Physical Activity Recall Assessment for People with Spinal Cord Injury Heeral Joshi1 , Shambhovi Mitra2 , Rajeev Aggrawal3
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 3 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i3.10373

Abstract

Objectives: The most widely used type of physical activity measure is the self-report survey. Of the available self-report physical activity measures, the vast majorities were developed for use in the general population and typically focus on measuring participation in recreational and sport activities. As a result, the existing self-report measures are insufficiently sensitive to measure very low intensity activities that might account for the bulk of daily energy expenditure among people with SCI. The content of these measures also fails to capture activities that are part of SCI lifestyle. ‘Physical Activity Recall Assessment for People with Spinal Cord Injury’ [PARA-SCI] was published in August 2005. PARA-SCI is a measure of physical activity for individuals with SCI who use a wheelchair as their primary mode of mobility. It has been translated in various languages, thus the aim of the study is to study the psychometric properties of Hindi version of physical activity recall assessment-SCI. Methods: PARA SCI was translated in phase 1 of the study and the reliability and validity of the instrument was done Results: There was significant correlation observed in test –retest reliability and Vo2 max calculated by 12 minute wheelchair test correlated with the subcomponent of PARA SCI Conclusion: The Hindi version of PARA-SCI is a reliable and valid instrument
Comparative Study on Different Modified Techniques Used For DNA Isolation From Teeth Samples for Obtaining Optimized Output Indresh Kumar Mishra1 , Amarnath Mishra2 , Amit C Kharkwal3 , Braja Kishore Mohapatra4 , Chittaranja
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 3 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i3.10374

Abstract

DNA isolation is a process used for isolation of DNA from different types of samples using a combination of physical and chemical methods. A comparative study is made to isolate DNA from 30 teeth samples with some pre PCR and post PCR modifications in the organic Phenol: Chloroform: isoamyl alcohol, Automate ExpressTM prepfiler BTA kit and QIAamp® DNA Investigator Kit. Our result showed significant results which will be helpful in short listing the array of these techniques.
Maternal age ? 35 years, Nulliparity, High Blood COHb Levels, and Low Serum Nitric Oxide Levels Increased Risk of Preeclampsia Ita Rahmawati1 , Anies2 , Mateus Sakundarno Adi3 , Cahyono Hadi3
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 3 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i3.10375

Abstract

Objective: To find out the risk factors for preeclampsia. Materials and Methods: a case-control study was between March 2018 and December 2018. Pregnant women who with gestational age of at least 22 weeks live in residential areas, exposed to smoke from combustion of tile or brick were divided into two groups. Cases were those diagnosed with preeclampsia. Controls were normotensive pregnant women who had a history of preeclampsia in previous pregnancy. CO (carbon monoxide) exposure in pregnant women was determined by examining COHb levels in the blood. Serum Nitric Oxide levels were measured using the ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay) method. Data were analyzed by Chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test, Independent T-Test and regression analysis. Adjusted odds ratio (ORs) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated. Results: The results of Blood COHb levels were significantly higher in preeclampsia (4.58±1.2) than the case of control group (2.85±0.4). Serum nitric oxide levels in preeclampsia were significantly lower in preeclampsia (18.28±4.1) than the case of control group (35.15±7.2). Maternal age ? 35 years, nulliparity, high blood COHb levels > 3.5%, and low serum Nitric Oxide levels < 25 ?mol/L were significantly associated with increased risk of preeclampsia. Conclusion: Low serum Nitric Oxide levels (< 25 ?mol/L) due to exposure to CO from the smoke of combustion of tiles or brick carried an increased risk of developing preeclampsia (ORs 25.5;95% CI 4.3- 29.7). These results can help health workers in pregnancy care counseling and prevention of preeclampsia in pregnant women located in areas exposed to carbon monoxide from the smoke of combustion of tiles or brick
Effect of Unilateral and Bilateral Shoulder Rehabilitation Exercise Protocol in Patients Secondary to Radical Mastectomy Jasleen Kaur Sohal1, Poonam H. Patil2
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 3 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i3.10376

Abstract

Background: Mastectomy is an operation which causes many changes in a woman’s body. Its consequence is, among other things, lymphatic edemas, limitation of movements and strength of the upper limb of the patient, experiences in the emotional sphere, difficulties related to the postoperative scar and the results of supplementing treatment such a radiotherapy or chemotherapy. Recent studies have shown the result of effective physiotherapy treatment postoperatively. There is a paucity of literature available showing the effect of bilateral approach rather than a unilateral one for the recovery Objective: Objective of the study was to find out the effect of effect of unilateral and bilateral shoulder rehabilitation exercise protocol in patients secondary to radical mastectomy Method: A total of 20 females who underwent mastectomy procedure along with chemotherapy were included in the study. Demographic data and consent form were taken from the patients. Group A was received treatment for the unilateral i.e. the affected side and group B received treatment bilaterally for five days per week for eight weeks and pre and post assessment was done with shoulder pain and disability index (SPADI), range of motion (ROM) and manual muscle testing (MMT) Results: Statistics results within the group values for Group A SPADI (p=0.6385) and mean difference (MD) was Conclusion: A proper knowledge regarding ergonomics is important to avoid the development of musculoskeletal disorders, taking stretch breaks in between long working hours can provide a healthier working environment for nursing staff and maximize human resource efficiency.
Effectiveness of Oropharyngeal Exercises on Daytimesleepiness, Snoring and Risk of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Amongadults: Review Jaspreet Kaur1 , Kanika Rai2 , Vinay Kumari3 , Jyoti Sarin4
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 3 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i3.10377

Abstract

Introduction: Sleep disorders are very frequent among general population. The prevalence of sleep disturbances varies between 25 and 45%. Types of sleep abnormalities in which snoring is the common among all the adults. Oropharyngeal exercises are new, non-invasive, cost effective treatment modality for individuals having risk of obstructive sleep apnea, daytime sleepiness and snoring. Methods: The study design was systematic review and it includes studies from databases of PUBMED, MEDLINE, Cochrane library, SCOPUS, Science direct, and Google scholar (2002-2017). Result: Total 14 relevant articles were under taken. Studies included are related to prevalence, assessment, effect of different modalities and oropharyngeal exercises on daytime sleepiness, snoring and risk of obstructive sleep apnea and excludes those studies that involve other sleep disorders like insomnia, narcolepsy and circadian rhythm disorder etc. Abstracted information is related to their design, population characteristics, intervention and outcomes. Conclusion: Oropharyngeal exercises are effective in reducing the daytime sleepiness, snoring and risk of obstructive sleep apnea among adults having snoring. Several studies came out with the result that oropharyngeal exercises are beneficial in reducing sleep disorders.
Effects of Aerobic Exercises for General Anxiety Disorders in Adolscents Jhaveri Nikita H1 , Malawade Mandar2
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 3 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i3.10378

Abstract

Objective : The objective of the study were to determine the effect of aerobic exercises for the patients who were suffering from the general anxiety disorders such as depression, stress, and anxiety in adolescents. Method : In this experimental study, 46 generally anxiety disorders patients were taken for the study, subjects were from the schools nearby with adolescents age group . Subjects were treated with aerobic exercises. Result: The total of 46 cases were taken for the study who underwent through aerobic exercises. With statistical analysis of pre and post treatment, the exercises were found extremely significant with a p value of <0.0001. Conclusion: The study concluded that aerobic exercises are effective in the management of generally anxiety disorders in adolescents.
Gender Wise Difference in Presenting Signs and Symptoms of Stroke: Observational Study Jhaveri Nikita H.1 , Kanase Suraj B.2
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 3 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i3.10379

Abstract

Objective: The objective of this study was to find the various presenting signs and symptoms of stroke, in association of presenting signs and symptoms with age, sex and to establish the correlation in gender. Method: All patients with first ever stroke and of both ischaemic and haemorrhagic stroke with age group of 40 to 60 years, subjects were of Karad. Signs and symptoms were collected from the medical records, patient themselves and their relatives. Differences were calculated using standard deviation. Results: The total of 260 cases were taken for the study, 130 were male and 130 were female. The presenting signs and symptoms of stroke were differed in gender. Women were most commonly seen with generalised weakness (p=0.0076) and headache (p=0.0152). Men were most commonly seen with pain (p=0.0001), nausea (p=0.0060), fever (p=0.0081). Conclusion: This study concluded that, there were gender differences in signs and symptoms of stroke and due to lack of awareness many people ignored the signs and symptoms of stroke by making it less important.
Pattern and Distribution of Scalp Injuries in Fatal Road Traffic Accidents in Rohtak Region of Haryana - An Autopsy based Study Jitender Kumar Jakhar1, Naveen Yadav2 , Taitiksh Jakhar3, Sunil Dahiya2 , Kunal Gaba2 , S.K. Dhattar
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 3 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i3.10380

Abstract

Head injuries are one of the leading cause of death worldwide as head being the most vulnerable part of the body. The present study was performed on 100 cases of road traffic accidents in which head injuries were present. In this study, males clearly outnumbered females. The highest incidents were seen in the age group 21 - 30 years (26%), followed by the age group 11 - 20 years (20%). In this study, special attention was given to the pattern and distribution of scalp injuries. Commonest scalp injury noticed in the present study was contusion, seen in 33% of cases, followed by lacerated wounds in 30% cases.
Comparative Analysis of Associated Risk Factors Amongst Young and Old Stroke Survivors Joshi Madhura S.1, Kanase Suraj B.2
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 3 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i3.10381

Abstract

Background: Stroke is an important health condition and is one of the leading cause of death worldwide. Disability and impairments following stroke makes the management challenging. Aims and objectives : 1.To analyze the associated risk factors in young and old stroke.2.To find the associated risk factors in young age patients having stroke.3.To find the associated risk factors in old age patients having stroke.4.To compare between the associated risk factors in young and old stroke. Material and Method: Survey study was carried out in the department of medicine, neurosurgery and department of physiotherapy, KIMSDU, Karad. Sample size: 696 subjects with first ever stroke, both male and female above 18 years. Data was anonymously coded and entered into spreadsheet program before analyzed using statistical method. Statistical analysis was done using instat software. The chi square test was used. Percentage and frequency was calculated to summarize the response. Results: The study included 434 were Male (62%) and 262 were Female (38%).The age distribution was, 335 people were belonging to 20-50 years (48%) and 361 people to 50 to 96 years (52%). This is analyzed that association of these risk factors is increased in young age stroke survivors. Patients with older age had higher frequency of Hypertension (HTN) and Diabetes Mellitus (DM).There is more no. of smokers in young age group. There is a more no. of male stroke survivors than female. Conclusion: The influence of risk factors at different ages is different. Risk factors like HTN and DM were frequent in older age while more smokers in young age group. Awareness of stroke risk factors and preventive measures can reduce the burden of stroke.
Knowledge and Practice of Bio Medical Waste Management in a Mortuary and Casualty of Tertiary Care Hospital K Srinivasulu1 , T Leela Manasa2 , Dedipya2, Summaya begum2
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 3 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i3.10382

Abstract

Bio Medical Waste management has been receiving highest priority in hospitals after the act was introduced by the Ministry of Environment and Forest, titled Bio Medical Waste Management and Handling Rules 1998. About 0.33 million tons of waste is generate per annum in India. Hospital acquired infections are on the rise due to improper waste management practice. A cross sectional, longitudinal study on Bio Medical waste management practice in a mortuary and casualty was conducted at a tertiary care teaching hospital from 1st July 2018 to 31st December 2018. The study focused on knowledge and practice of waste management in the casualty and mortuary. Interestingly, the practice of Bio Medical waste management was excellent in casualty and mortuary. Awareness of the hazards of improper waste management was poor among sanitary workers whereas doctors, nurses and other paramedical staff were well aware of the hazards.

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