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<![CDATA[Study of Otoacoustic Emissions and Brainstem Evoked Response Audiometry in Infants ]]>
<![CDATA[Naman Pincha1 , Vikas S Kulkarni2 , Abhay D. Havle3, Disha Jain4, Ganesh M. Vihapure5 , Swapna A She]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 3 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i3.10403
<![CDATA[Aim and objective: To evaluate the usefulness of otoacoustic emissions and brainstem evoked response audiometry for assessment of hearing loss in newborn. Materials and Method: Total of 370 healthy newborns were subjected to ENT examination, otoacoustic emissions (OAE) within 3 days to 30 days of birth. All newborn with normal hearing at OAE were not studied further, and for refer cases OAE testing was carried out again at 3rd month of age. The infants who failed the second OAE were subjected to brainstem evoked response audiometry (BERA). All newborn with abnormal BERA were subjected to repeat BERA at 6th month of age. Results: All 370 healthy enrolled babies underwent OAE testing. Of which 200 (54.05%) passed the test and 170 (45.95 %) were referred. All 170 referred babies underwent repeat OAE at age of 3 months. Of which 50 passed the test and 120 were referred again. All these 120 referred cases were subjected to further testing using BERA between the ages 3-4 months. 2 were found to be having profound hearing loss during BERA testing at 3-4 months as well as at 6 months. Conclusion: Profound hearing loss was found in 2 out of 370 enrolled normal newborn. This also means that if only ‘at risk’ babies were screened there is likely chance of missing impaired hearing in newborn without any risk factor. Hence, during hearing assessment it is mandatory to include all newborns irrespective of their status normal or ‘at risk’.]]>
<![CDATA[Role of Hand and Foot Print Dimensions in Stature Identification among Indian Population ]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 3 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i3.10404
<![CDATA[Introduction: The four essential factors in Forensic Anthropology, representing in determining personal identification are age, sex, stature and ethnicity. Among this ‘big fours’ of the biological profile, determination of stature is considered as one of the main parameter of personal identification in forensic examinations. Thus, this study will aim to correlate relation between hand and foot measurements with stature of individual. Aim of the study: The study aimed to estimate the relationship between statures of an individual on the basis of hand and foot prints, in Indian populations. Materials and Method: The study group comprised of 100 subjects (age group above 18 years) with normal growth and development. Measurement of height: The measurements of height was made using standard anthropometer by making the subject stand erect on the horizontal plane. The distance of the subject from the ground to the highest point of the vertex in the median sagittal plane was recorded. a) Hand length and Hand breadth: Hand length (HL) was measured from mid-point below radial and ulnar tuberosity to tip of middle finger. Hand breadth (HB) was measured from base of 5th to 2nd metacarpus by drawing the outline of hand on paper. b) Foot length and breadth: The foot length was measured as a direct distance from the most posterior point of back to tip of the Hallux or to tip of the second toe .The foot breadth was measured as the direct distance between the most prominent point on medial side and the most prominent on lateral side. d) Heel Ball Index Measurement The breadth of the foot at ball and at heel (BBAL, BHEL) were measured. The HB Index of the foot was calculated as (BHEL+ BBAL) x 100. Results: Correlation of the various hand and foot parameters showed a regression coefficient range of 0.331-0.377. Among all variables measured, hand length exhibited the highest correlation with stature (r value of 0.377 p-value < 0.003). Further forward stepwise linear regression analysis [Height = 115.426+2.615* Hand length (Left)] established hand length to be the single best predictor of height (r value of 0.377 and standard error of 7.35cms). Conclusion: Thus, the foot length provides highest reliability and accuracy in estimating stature of unknown males and females. Also this study will help to generate population-specific equations using a simple linear regression statistical method.]]>
<![CDATA[A Profile Study of Sudden Natural Death Cases in Vadodara Region of Central Gujarat ]]>
<![CDATA[Neerav M. Rana1 , Anil R. Pandey1]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 3 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i3.10405
<![CDATA[Sudden death is said to be sudden or unexpected when the victim not known to have been suffering from any dangerous disease, injury or poisoning is found dead or dies within 24 hours after the onset of terminal illness (WHO). Incidences of sudden natural deaths are increasing now a days and specifically in healthy young individuals can arise suspicion of foul play. Our study may help to provide epidemiological data regarding the sudden death that can be used to control disease outbreaks, identifying emerging causes or changes in disease pattern so that appropriate action can be taken to reduce the morbidity and mortality. The present study undertaken to find the socio-demographic profile (age, sex and religion etc.) of the deceased of sudden death. This prospective study had been conducted on autopsy cases brought to tertiary health center of Vadodara, Central Gujarat for the period of one year. During study period total 2240 autopsies were conducted, of which 224 cases (10%) were sudden deaths. Most of the cases were from the 41 - 50 years age group. Of the 224 cases, 149 were due to diseases of cardiovascular system and 63 due to diseases of respiratory system. We observed that sudden death cases were higher in young age group and cardiovascular system was most commonly involved.]]>
<![CDATA[Effectiveness of Progressive Resistance Drills and Dynamic Balance Training on Functional Performance among the Patients with Osteoarthritis of Knee ]]>
<![CDATA[Nikhil Jitendra Desale1 , Shrinivasan Anandh2]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 3 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i3.10406
<![CDATA[Osteoarthritis, degenerative joint disease in which the wearing down of the protective tissue at the ends of bones (cartilage) occurs gradually and worsens over time. The majority of people aged 40 years have radiographic evidence of knee osteoarthritis, is more common in women than in men.(1) Exercise has a wide range of health benefits in every individual. Mostly for middle aged population there is a clear evidence to support exercise in improving health and functional performance with well evidenced exercise programs.(2, 3) These programs have shown to improve the mobility of joints and strength of muscles around the joints by performing specific exercises for the specific muscles. This population people are often unable to undertake high intensity exercise programs. Therefore progressive resistance exercises are been used as an alternative. Many research studies have reported the benefits of resistance exercises as a physical activity for middle aged adults and individuals with limited movement. Method: The subjects in the KIMSDU campus were screened and 41 subjects fulfilling the criteria were involved. Prior consent was taken. Treatment protocol consists of progressive resistance exercises for 4 days per week for 6 weeks The interpretation of the study was done on the basis of comparing pre-test and post test assessment of Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index(WOMAC) and BERG BALANCE TEST. Result: Intra group comparison results showed that progressive resistance exercises are effective and WOMAC and Berg Balance Test were statistically extremely significant (p<0.0001) and (p<0.0001) respectively. Conclusion: Progressive resistance exercises were significantly effective in improving the mobility and function and reducing the pain among the patients with osteoarthritis of knee.]]>
<![CDATA[Evaluate the Effectiveness of Calisthenics on self-esteem among Elderly Residing in Selected Old Age Homes of Haryana, India ]]>
<![CDATA[Nilu Moirangthem1 , Srinivasan.P2 , Dhanesh Garg3 , Jyoti Sarin4]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 3 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i3.10407
<![CDATA[The aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of Calisthenics on self-esteem among elderly. Quantitative research approach, quasi experimental nonequivalent control group pretest posttest design was used to collect the data from 70 elderlies (35 in experimental group and 35 in comparison group) by using convenience sampling technique. The tools used were Sample characteristics performa and Rosenberg’s Self Esteem Scale. For both the groups pre-test, post-test-1and2 were taken on day 1st, 30th and 45th respectively. Calisthenics was given to experimental group thrice a week for four weeks. A significant difference was found in terms of self-esteem between the experimental and comparison group after intervention (t= 17.47 and p=0.001) at 0.05 level of significance. Hence, Calisthenics was found effective in increasing self-esteem among elderly.]]>
<![CDATA[Observational Study on Sexual Dimorphism of Carrying Angle among Natives of Ajmer region ]]>
<![CDATA[Nirjhar Mathur1 , Anupam Johry2]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 3 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i3.10408
<![CDATA[Introduction: - The carrying angle is the angle placed between the median axis of arm and median axis of forearm in full extension and supination position. This angle provides the forearms a clear movement with respect to the hips while walking and is important when carrying objects. Carrying angle is examined in various pre-placement medical examination. Carrying angle can be used to differentiate between male and female upper limb. This can be used in partial identification if rich regional data is systemically and statistically collected. Objective:-To collect the statistical data values of carrying angle in both the sexes of Ajmer region. Observing any difference between the caring angle of dominant and non-dominant hand of same individual Method: - A cross-sectional study was carried out with right handed 100 males and right handed 100 females and variations in carrying angle between males and females were calculated using Goniometer. The value is analyzed by mean, standard deviation Results: - In males, mean carrying angle of both upper limbs is 10.720 where as in females mean carrying angle of both upper limbs is found 13.420. Conclusion: The present study showed that the carrying angle was greater in females than in males and it was greater in non-dominant arm than in dominant arm.]]>
<![CDATA[Quasi Experimental Study to Evaluate the Impact of Psychoeducational Intervention on Level of Anxiety among Hospitalized Children ]]>
<![CDATA[Niyati R. Patel1 , Vipin Vageriya2]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 3 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i3.10409
<![CDATA[Background of the study: There are various way to provide Psycho-education(PI) to the patient admitted in the hospital. It is broadly steered by four main goals: transfer of information, medication and treatment support, training and support in self-help and self-care, and the provision of a safe place to vent emotional frustrations. An excessive or persistent state of anxiety leads devastating effect on children’s physical as well as mental health. Psych education is scientifically proved therapeutic intervention which helps to the client along with family members to cope with illness and give the information as well as support to understand in better way .Psych education is helps to children and their family to minimize the emotional trauma during the hospital stay. Objective: 1) To determine the impact of psycho educational intervention on anxiety level among children with hospitalization. 2) To find out the association between socio demographic variable with the pre intervention anxiety level among hospitalized children. Methodology: The study was executed by using quantitative research approach with quasi experimental design. The study was conducted at selected three hospitals of Anand district, two hospital of Vadodara district and one Hospital of Ahmedabad District, Gujarat. 33 Hospitalized 6 – 12 year old children were selected for each experimental group and control group using convenient sampling technique. For both groups, Pre-intervention anxiety level assessment was done using Performa of demographic variables, Modified Hamilton Rating Scale. Psycho educational intervention included play book and guided imagery administered to the 6-12 year old hospitalized children of experimental group for duration of 30 minutes for 3 consecutive days. On third day anxiety level have been level done on third day after 5 hours from last intervention.]]>
<![CDATA[A Study on Sociodemographic Profile and Pattern of Injuries in Road Traffic Accidents amongst Pillion Riders in Chennai ]]>
<![CDATA[P. Shruthi1 , S. Varsha2]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 3 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i3.10410
<![CDATA[One of the widespread preventable cause of unnatural death is Road Traffic Accidents. A Retrospective cross sectional study of the sociodemographic profile of pillion riders being victims of Road traffic accidents, the circumstances leading to road traffic accidents, the pattern and severity of injuries of occurring in Chennai was conducted in Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Thandalam, Chennai, Tamilnadu. A total of 2438 cases of Road traffic accidents were recorded for a year (JAN2018-DEC2018).Out of which 62 cases (2.5%) of Road traffic accidents deals with the injuries of pillion riders. Among the pillion riders, Male outnumbered the Females(1.11 : 1). The most vulnerable age group was 21-30 years(50%). Most frequent of all is Head and Neck injuries and Injuries on the Upper limb. The information obtained can serve as a guide for better management of victims of Road traffic accidents and to establish Road safety measures.]]>
<![CDATA[A Retrospective study on Non Fatal Motor Vehicle Accident cases in the Emergency Department, Saveetha Medical College, Chennai ]]>
<![CDATA[P. Tejesh Thanigavel1 , Magendran. J2]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 3 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i3.10411
<![CDATA[Aim & Objectives: To retrospectively study non fatal RTAs in the emergency department of SMCH with help of AR registers while studying various factors involving like pattern, site and time of injuries and age of the person involved. Materials and Methodology: Data was collected for complete one year and all the cases in the year were included in the study, which thus constitute sample for the study. The retrospective study group consisted of all the RTA victims reporting to Emergency Department of SMCH in the study period from 1st January 2018 to 31st December 2018. These collected data were compiled with help of Excel. Results: In this study a total of 911 cases were included who were admitted in the emergency department of SMCH. Males were the most commonly involved. Around 95% of the cases involved 2 wheelers. 65% of the accidents took place in the 6pm to 9pm range. Commonly involved age group is 18-30. 20% showed head injuries but the majority had injured their limbs. Conclusion: This suggests that there has to be more awareness created amongst the youth population encouraging them to wear helmets and seat belts. More advancement is required in the field of automotive safety. Road safety must be embedded in the children’s curriculum from lower grade itself. More involvement of Traffic police, NGOs and other public awareness groups are required to enforce this.]]>
<![CDATA[Comparative Evaluation of Cention with Glass Ionomer Cement, Composite Resins and Silver Amalgam with Respect to Mechanical Strength: An in-Vitro Study ]]>
<![CDATA[P.Laxmish Mallya1 , Ravindra Kotian2 , Prashanthi M3 , Srikant N4]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 3 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i3.10412
<![CDATA[Introduction: Numerous direct filling materials are available to the modern dental practice from amalgams, GIC to modern bulk fill composites. Cention is an “alkasite” restorative. Alkasite refers to a new category of filling material, which like compomer or ormocer materials is essentially a subgroup of the composite material class. This new category utilizes an alkaline filler, capable of releasing acid-neutralizing ions. It is a tooth-colored, basic filling material for direct restorations. It is self-curing with optional additional light curing. It is radiopaque, and releases fluoride, calcium and hydroxide ions. As a dual-cured material it can be used as a full volume (bulk) replacement material. Hence the Aim of the study was to compare the Alkasite (Cention N) with Silver amalgam, GIC and Composite to evaluate the Compressive strength & diametral tensile strength. Materials and Method: Split molds of dimension 6 [height] x4 [diameter] was used to fabricate 15 samples of each material for testing the compressive strength and for tensile strength. And subjected under Universal Instron testing machine connected to a load measuring cell, to recorded load applied to the samples at a crosshead speed of 0.75 ± 0.25 mm/min till the samples fracture. Results: Composite and Cention N showed significantly higher strength than Silver Amalgam and Glass ionomer cement. Conclusion: Within the limitation of this study, it can be concluded that Cention N can be used as a superior alternative when compared with Silver Amalgam and Glass ionomer cement.]]>
