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<![CDATA[Study of Unnatural Deaths of Women Brought to Raichur Institute of Medical Sciences for Medico-Legal Autopsy ]]>
<![CDATA[Praveen Kumar]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 3 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i3.10426
<![CDATA[Discrimination against women in our society is deeply embedded within family context of the women. Women are subjected to violence from husbands and from their relatives in their natal as well as marital homes. This study was designed to determine unnatural deaths of females in Raichur during the year 2017. total 362 cases were autopsied where as 77 women of unnatural deaths were autopsied. Third and fourth decade were common age group. Most of the unnatural deaths were suicidal and road traffic accidents. This study reflects the susceptibility of women to unnatural deaths, thus needs to enhance the multipronged protective system, to curb these potentially preventable unnatural deaths of females]]>
<![CDATA[Profile of Brought in Dead Cases in a Tertiary Care Centre of South India ]]>
<![CDATA[Prince.M.Paul1 , Stelin Agnes Michael2 , Roney Thomas3 , P.Babu4]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 3 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i3.10428
<![CDATA[Most of the times it is noticed that incidence of Brought in dead (BID) cases in a tertiary care hospital is very high. But there are limited data of the statistics of such cases due to lack of records or audit. These cases can be due to natural cause or unnatural. The doctor attending such cases should be aware of all procedures and formalities associated with BID cases. Diagnosis of death should be ascertained clinically and hospitals should be aware of the legal responsibilities of these cases. This study was conducted in a tertiary care institution where BID cases were profiled with the available data and records. The study throws light in to not only the demographic profile like age, sex, month wise distribution but also to time of reporting to Emergency department (ED) as well as the probable cause based on history of the informant. Males dominated in the total number of 307 cases compiled in 4 years, i.e, 2015 to 2018. Age of above 60 years cases made the major share with sudden death as well as road traffic accident (RTA) being the major culprits. Maximum number of BID were reported during early morning hours (12am to 6 am) followed by late evening hours (6pm to 12am).]]>
<![CDATA[Analysis of Medicolegal Cases in a Tertiary Care Hospital of South Kerala ]]>
<![CDATA[Prince.M.Paul1 , Stelin Agnes Michael2 , Roney Thomas3 , P.Babu4]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 3 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i3.10429
<![CDATA[Medicolegal cases (MLC) are presented to Emergency department (ED) of almost all hospitals in our nation after the Supreme Court guidelines stating that ‘the paramount duty of a doctor is to save the life of a person’. Hospitals should be equipped with infrastructure as well as treating doctors in combating such cases where documentation and treatment should be meticulously done. This study is conducted in a tertiary care hospital in South Kerala where profile of MLC was analysed during the years 2016 -17. A total of 10,001 cases were studied which is unique compared to previous studies. Males dominated in the MLC with road traffic accident (RTA), fall from height and work place injuries formed the major share in the pattern of cases. Most of these cases were presented to ED between first and sixth hour of occurrence]]>
<![CDATA[Comparison of Stress Patterns in Edentulous Mandibular Bone around Two Implant Retained, Four Implant Retained Overdenture and All-On-Four Concept. - A 3 Dimensional Finite Element Analysis ]]>
<![CDATA[Puneeth Hegde1 , Shobha Rodrigues2 , Satish Shenoy3 , Tilak Shetty4 , Umesh Pai5 , Sharon Saldhana5 ]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 3 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i3.10431
<![CDATA[Recently the use of tilted implants has been considered as a preferable option in case of atrophic edentulous arches. The tilted longer implants can be of use to ward off the important anatomical structures while also permitting cantilever reduction. Since the load transfer mechanism of an implant can be altered significantly by the number of implants and its location in the edentulous ridge, the present study evaluates and compares the stress patterns in the edentulous mandibular bone around two implant retained, four implant retained over denture and all on four concepts under different loading conditions using finite element analysis. Purpose: The biomechanical behaviour of the ‘All-On-Four’ system was compared with that of the two implant-supported and four-implant supported mandibular overdenture using the three dimensional finite element method (FEM). Thereby evaluating the von Misses stresses induced on the implants under different loading simulations. Materials & Method: Three dimensional models representing mandible restored with ‘All-On-Four’, two implant-supported and four-implant-supported prosthesis were developed in the three dimensional design software and then transferred into FEM software. The models were then subjected to four different loading simulations (full mouth biting, canine disclusion, load on cantilever, load in the absence of cantilever). The maximum von Mises stresses were localized and quantified for comparison.1 Results: Among the three models, under all loading simulations, the maximum stress concentrations werealong the neck of the implant. The stress levels for full mouth loading simulation was highest for twoimplant supported overdenture design and the least for All-On-Four overdenture design. In all three designs,the least stress was when the implants were loaded in a lateral direction. The stress levels for cantilever andnon-cantilevered designs were nearly the samefor all the simulated designs. Conclusion: When tested under differentloading simulations, the three modelsshowed similar location and distribution ofstress patterns. Thus from the study it can beconcluded that the All-On-Four Concept is a clinically applicable treatment option for the atrophic edentulous ridges and induces least amount of stresseson the edentulous ridges. Therefore the overall longevity of the prosthesis is greatly enhanced.]]>
<![CDATA[Exploring Thoughts of Victims of School Bullying Through Drawings ]]>
<![CDATA[Rekha Negi]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 3 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i3.10432
<![CDATA[This study explored the underlying thoughts of victims of school bullying through analysis of their drawings. Eighty senior secondary students (studying in classes 9 to 11) identified as victims based on the Illinois Victimization Scale participated in the study. Participants drew their victimization experiences and provided elaborations of their drawings. Analysis of participants’ responses involved the framework method. Results showed that thoughts of bullied participants were related to the (1) outcomes of being victimized (2) dealing with the bullies, and (3) the reason for bullying. The participants evinced various thoughts related to direct or indirect coping, victim-related reasons, and bully related reasons as gauged by their drawings. The findings of this study were interpreted in the light of developmental-ecological framework and research. The article indicates implications for future research and professionals to help the victims of school bullying.]]>
<![CDATA[Analysis of Factors Affecting the Implementation of “Remaja Sehat” Application ]]>
<![CDATA[Riris Diana R1, Pulung Siswantara1, Muthmainnah1 , Astri Meidah Setiawati1]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 3 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i3.10433
<![CDATA[This study aims to determine the effect of relative profitability, compatibility, complexity, trialability, and observability about knowledge regarding adolescent reproductive health in the use of the “Remaja Sehat” application. Implementation of the use of the media “Aplikasi Remaja Sehat” was carried out by 302 students of SMAN 19 Surabaya and SMA Muhammadiyah 7 Surabaya. Effectiveness measurement used pre-experiment methods with post-only design. The results of this study showed that there are relative advantages (0.013) and trialability (0.000) have an effect while compatibility (0.666), complexity (0.464) and observability (0.281) have no effect on the implementation of the use of “Remaja Sehat” application.]]>
<![CDATA[Clinical Study of Optic Neuropathies ]]>
<![CDATA[Rohini Sangoram1 , V.H.Karambelkar2 , B.S.Joshi3]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 3 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i3.10434
<![CDATA[Introduction: Optic neuropathy is a frequent cause of vision loss encountered by ophthalmologist. The diagnosis is made on clinical grounds. The history often points to the possible etiology of the optic neuropathy. A rapid onset is typical of demyelinating, inflammatory, ischemic and traumatic causes. A gradual course points to compressive, toxic/nutritional and hereditary causes. The classic clinical signs of optic neuropathy are visual field defect, dyschromatopsia, and abnormal papillary response. Study objectives were to study etiological factors causing optic neuropathies. Materials and Method: This analytical study was performed in Krishna Medical College Hospital, Karad for a period of months. The initial examination was started with anterior segment examination on slit lamp and fundus examination with direct ophthalmoscope. The material for the present study consists of 65 optic neuropathy patients during the 18 months period from November 2017 to May 2019. Results: During this study, in Krishna Hospital karad we noticed that glaucomatous optic neuropathy is the most common type of optic neuropathy and traumatic optic neuropathy is the second most type. Conclusion: Glaucoma being frequent cause of vision loss , is unfortunately not diagnosed at early stage and as age advances the risk of glaucoma increases also hypertension is one of the risk factors, so routinely every patient >40 years of age is to be assessed for glaucoma by noting optic disc changes and intra ocular pressure. If necessary Dynamic Perimetry is to be done for further evaluation.]]>
<![CDATA[Effect of Gross Motor and Fine Motor Exercises on Trunk Control in Subjects with Spastic Cerebral Palsy ]]>
<![CDATA[Romita R Shah1 , Poonam H. Patil2]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 3 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i3.10435
<![CDATA[Background: Gross motor and fine motor activities are important to achieve as it is important aspect for ADL activities. It is widely known that when trunk control is affected, gross and fine motor activity is also affected. For efficient distal movements, proximal stability should be sufficient i.e for hand usage, development of trunk stability and central axis control is one of the important prerequisites. Recent studies have showed that there is positive correlation between trunk control and upper extremity functions. There is paucity of literature available showing effect of gross motor and fine motor activities on trunk control in cerebral palsy children, hence this study would be helpful to analyse the same. Objectives: Objective of this study was to to find out the effect of gross motor and fine motor activities on trunk control, on hand function and also to find out the correlation between trunk control and hand function. Methodology: There were total 35 subjects, out of which 21 subjects were participants of this study. This is a study of effect of gross motor and fine motor activities on trunk control in cerebral palsy children. Demographic data, assent and consent was taken from the child and his/her parents, respectively. Pre and post assessment was taken on the basis of Gross Motor Function Classification System for Cerebral Palsy, Manual Ability Classification System and Trunk Control Assesment before and after 6 weeks (total 16 sessions) of the treatment respectively. Each session was of 45 mins. Later evaluation and interpretation of data was done. Result: The 9.1% improvement is seen in pre and post treatment GMFCS, 18% improvement is seen in pre and post treatment MACS and 16.2% improvement is seen in pre and post treatment TCMS. Conclusion: There is significant effect of gross motor and fine motor exercises on trunk control in subjects with spastic cerebral palsy.]]>
<![CDATA[Effect of Different Shoe Lacing Pattern on Different Types of Foot in Recreational Runners ]]>
<![CDATA[Rushikesh Rajendra Mangale, Amrutkuvar Rayjade]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 3 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i3.10436
<![CDATA[Background: There has been an increase in the overall prevalence of obesity in India. There has been a 26% rise in the obesity among the young adults of India. At the same time, an awareness about fitness and health has also been on a rise in our country.Jogging and running have been on a rise in popularity among the youth of India. Heel-to-toe drop, styles of running, brand, fit and shoe lacing are some other factors that affect running. Out of these shoe lacing is one of the simplest factors to modify. It can be done by anybody and is an extremely cost effective measure. Methodology: An experimental study is being conducted with a sample size of 33 subject in karad. The population under study is Recreational runners age group of 20-40 years both male and female subjects. VAS and Foot Posture Index were the outcome measures used. Result: There was a significant effect of modifying shoe lacing patterns on FFI scores. (p=<0.001) There was also a significant effect on FPS (p <0.001) and FDS (p <0.001) subscales whereas there was no significant effect on ALS subscale (p >0.05). A significant decrease in pain was also noted. (p <0.05) Conclusion On the basis of the results of the study, it was concluded that there was a significant effect of modifying shoe lacing patterns on amateur runners.]]>
<![CDATA[Effectiveness of Gluteus Maximus Strengthening on Gait in Patients with Hemiparesis ]]>
<![CDATA[Rutuja Bhosale1 , G.Varadharajulu2 , Dhirajkumar Mane3]]>
<![CDATA[ Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 3 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd ]]>
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DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i3.10437
<![CDATA[Background: Seventy five per cent of patients who outlive stroke have inadequacies whilst walking and the hemiparetic gait is the most prevalent form of walking. The asymmetric pattern of walking is most commonly seen in hemiparetic gait. Aim and Objectives: To find the effectiveness of gluteus maximus strengthening on gait in patients with hemiparesis. Materials and Method: The hemiparetic patients were assessed for the MMT and gait, prior to the treatment. The muscle strength and gait was assessed by Manual Muscle Testing and objective method respectively. Subjects signed the consent form then total number of three exercises were given-i)Standing leg lifts with trunk supported, ii) Quadruped leg lifts, iii) Standing extension.Statistical analysis was done once the data was collected Results: In this study the gluteus maximus strengthening had effect on the gait of the hemiparetic individuals. The gait parameters taken in this study step length, step width, stride length, cadence and speed significantly increase after the treatment. Conclusion: On the basis of the result of this study, it was concluded that the strengthening of gluteus maximus muscle has effect on gait in patients with hemiparesis. The gait parameters taken in this study such as step length, step width, stride length, cadence and speed has increase in the averaged values before and after treatment.]]>
