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Journal of Applied Materials and Technology
Published by Universitas Riau
ISSN : 2721446X     EISSN : 26860961     DOI : https://doi.org/10.31258/Jamt
Core Subject : Engineering,
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Engineering Mechanical Engineering
Journal of Applied Materials and Technology (JAMT) is aimed at capturing current development and initiatives in applied materials and technology. JAMT showcases innovative applied materials and technology, providing an opportunity for science, transfer and collaboration of technology. JAMT focuses on the publication in the area of material science, material engineering and technology, renewable energy, sustainable material and construction method. The selected, high-quality reviews, research reports at the state of the art of the science and material technology are welcomed.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Material (semua kategori) - Ilmu Material (Lain-Lain)
Articles 66 Documents
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Electroencephalogram (EEG) Based Imagined Speech Decoding and Recognition Sani Saminu; Guizhi Xu; Zhang Shuai; Abd El Kader Isselmou; Adamu Halilu Jabire; Ibrahim Abdullahi Karaye; Isah Salim Ahmad; Abubakar Abdulkarim
Journal of Applied Materials and Technology Vol. 2 No. 2 (2021): March 2021
Publisher : AMTS and Faculty of Engineering - Universitas Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31258/Jamt.2.2.74-84

Abstract

The recent investigations and advances in imagined speech decoding and recognition has tremendously improved the decoding of speech directly from brain activity with the help of several neuroimaging techniques that assist us in exploring the neurological processes of imagined speech. This development leads to assist people with disabilities to benefit from neuroprosthetic devices that improve the life of those suffering from neurological disorders. This paper presents the summary of recent progress in decoding imagined speech using Electroenceplography (EEG) signal, as this neuroimaging method enable us to monitor brain activity with high temporal resolution, it is very portable, low cost, and safer as compared to other methods. Therefore, it is a good candidate in investigating an imagined speech decoding from the human cortex which remains a challenging task. The paper also reviews some recent techniques, challenges, future recommendations and possible solutions to improve prosthetic devices and the development of brain computer interface system (BCI).
Brine sludge waste from a Chlor-alkali industry: characterization and its application for non-structural and structural construction materials Juliana de Carvalho Izidoro; Denise Alves Fungaro; Luciana Cristina Viviani; Rogério da Costa Silva
Journal of Applied Materials and Technology Vol. 3 No. 1 (2021): September 2021
Publisher : AMTS and Faculty of Engineering - Universitas Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31258/Jamt.3.1.1-7

Abstract

Brine sludge (BS) is an industrial waste generated in large amounts by the Chlor-alkali industry and, usually disposed into industrial landfills. Because BS contains several chemical compounds, also presents a potential environmental impact. The feasibility of the utilization of brine sludge wastes for the preparation of value-added materials was investigated. The characterization of two brine sludge samples was performed in terms of chemical and physical composition, particle size distribution, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), and thermal analysis (DTA/TG). Elements like Ca, Si, Na, Mg, Al, Cl, and Fe were identified in the samples. The XRD results confirmed the crystalline nature of compounds and indicated that the main compounds in brine sludge samples were calcium carbonate, sodium chloride, magnesium hydroxide, and quartz. FTIR showed the presence of varying functional groups like carbonate, siloxane, and hydroxide. The two brine sludge samples can be considered as a fine powder with the mean diameter (d50) of 4.984 µm and 24.574 µm, for the BS from Santo André and Cubatão, respectively. The results indicated that the brine sludge samples presented favorable characteristics to use limestone ?ller and binder alternative to Portland cement in the nonstructural construction materials. The incorporation of brine sludge in geopolymeric materials is another possible use in sustainable construction material products. The production of value-added products from brine sludge will be an important contribution towards sustainable development adopted by the Chlor-alkali industry.
Simulations of the Crude Oil Tank Refurbishment Project Risks Using Monte Carlo Ari Sandhyavitri; Arvin Arvin; Fajar Restuhadi
Journal of Applied Materials and Technology Vol. 3 No. 1 (2021): September 2021
Publisher : AMTS and Faculty of Engineering - Universitas Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31258/Jamt.3.1.22-29

Abstract

Simulation technology has assisted project stakeholders in predicting a range of the project results in the future under risks and uncertainties. The objectives of this article are to improve a comprehensive project planning in the perspective of the project scheduling by conducting simulations for the refurbishment of crude oil tank project risks using Monte Carlo simulations. The practical approaches for simulating the risks encompassed 3 stages: risk identification, assessment, and risk analysis using the Monte Carlo simulations. The implementation of Monte Carlo simulation in the form of stochastic approach however were not new, but the application of these approaches in the area of oil industrial projects was challenging. A Free Water Knock-Out (FWKO) tank project located in Duri, Indonesia was taken as a case study. The initial FWKO project duration was set up to be 180 working days, and it was delayed (up to 140% from the initial duration of the project planning). This study conducted deep questioner surveys from 25 oil industry stakeholders. It was identified 29 risk factors have been considered as the major causes of the project delay. The risk factors were then calculated qualitatively for performing risk indexes. Based on the risk simulations (after 1000 iterations) using Monte Carlo simulations utilizing @risk application package (under uncertainties) there was found that the possibility of this project would experience delays at the range of 47 days (126%) to 80 days (144%) from the initial project planning. This simulation had also identified the most sensitive activities causing project delays. The results was presented in the form of the spider graph diagram which assisted the project main stakeholders in developing a strategic decision during project planning phase.
3D Finite Element Model for Shear-dominant Failure of Reinforced Concrete Beams Ridwan Rahman; Ilham Akbar; Rofriantona Rofriantona
Journal of Applied Materials and Technology Vol. 3 No. 1 (2021): September 2021
Publisher : AMTS and Faculty of Engineering - Universitas Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31258/Jamt.3.1.12-21

Abstract

This study explores the 3D FE modelling approach in determining the behaviour of shear-dominant responses of RC beams. Five RC beams (A1, A2, B1, C2 and C3) with different cross-sections, amount of tension reinforcement area, amount of shear reinforcement and the length of the span was analysed and the results were compared with the results of the experiment and 2D analysis available in published literature. RC beams analysed in this FE study were constructed as a discrete model using ABAQUS software. The concrete and the plate for loading as well as for supports were modelled using the C3D8R element while longitudinal steel bars and stirrups were modelled with the T3D2 element. The interaction between the steel bar and the concrete in the FE model was assumed perfectly bond. The material behaviour of concrete was modelled with the damage plasticity model where the yield or failure of the material was governed by the tensile cracking and the compressive crushing of the concrete by introducing the hardening variables. The results showed that crack propagation in the FE analysis matched the cracks observed in the test. The crack pattern on Beam A1, A2, B1 and C2 indicated that the specimens experienced flexure and shear failure while Beam C3 experienced less brittle behaviour. Estimates of strength and the load–deformation response of 3D analysis were certainly achieved with reasonable accuracy compared to that of 2D analysis. The difference of experiment-to-2D strength (Pu,exp - Pu,2D / Pu,exp) had a mean of 4.53 whereas the difference of experiment-to-3D strength (Pu,exp - Pu,3D / Pu,exp) had a mean of 1.83. Furthermore, the displacements at ultimate load gained in the 3D analysis were comparable to those of experiments. The difference of experiment-to-2D (du,exp - du,2D / du,exp) and experiment-to-3D (du,exp - du,3D / du,exp) midspan displacement had a mean of 19.91 and 10.89, respectively.
A Review on Optimal Siting and Sizing of DSTATCOM Dansarki Nanly Wesley; Abubakar Abdulkarim; P.U. Okorie; Adamu Halilu Jabire; Sani Saminu; Nasir Faruk; I.S. Madugu; A. U. Lawan; Iswadi Hasyim Rosma
Journal of Applied Materials and Technology Vol. 3 No. 1 (2021): September 2021
Publisher : AMTS and Faculty of Engineering - Universitas Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31258/Jamt.3.1.30-42

Abstract

The continuous demand for electrical energy by industries and domestic users have stressed the electricity consumption to a high level. Because most components of domestic and industrial systems are made of power electronics devices in their designs. In addition, modern electrical power distribution networks (DNs) are subjected to major disturbances. Consequently, today’s power system is laden with power quality problems such as excessive energy losses, voltage deviations, poor power factor (PF), voltage instability and reliability issues to mentioned just a few. To forestall these disturbances, Distribution Engineers have introduced the use of Custom Power Devices (CPDs) in order to reduce power losses so as improve power quality. Amongst CPDs, Distribution Static Compensator (D-STATCOM) proves most promising in minimizing power quality issues because it generates minimal harmonics, waste less power, has small size, high regulatory capability and cost effective. Researchers in recent years have focused on methodologies required for identifying the most suitable location and rating of D- STATCOM device based on divergent views. However, to date, only one author has so far reviewed a paper on this aspect of study. This paper discusses the latest study on appropriate installation and rating of D-STATCOM techniques for balanced and unbalanced radial distribution networks (UBRDNs). The paper has also provided a comprehensive literature study on the location of DSTATCOM in RDNs for power loss reduction and power quality enhancement. Comparative analyses of various techniques for development of DSTATCOM Objective functions and constraints; Merits and Demerits are presented.
Synthesis and Characterization of Hydroxyapatite from Duck Eggshell by Wet Precipitation Process Yelmida Azis; Cory Dian Alfarisi; Komalasari Komalasari; Khairat Khairat; Yusnimar Sahan
Journal of Applied Materials and Technology Vol. 3 No. 1 (2021): September 2021
Publisher : AMTS and Faculty of Engineering - Universitas Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31258/Jamt.3.1.8-11

Abstract

Hydroxyapatite (HAp, Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2) is the most stable form of calcium phosphate and widely used in various medical applications, mainly in orthopedics and dentistry due to its close similarities with the inorganic mineral component of bone and teeth. This study aims to synthesize hydroxyapatite from duck eggshell using the precipitation method. The duck eggshell was calcined, hydrated (slaking) and underwent carbonation to form Precipitated Calcium Carbonate (PCC).  Afterwards, (NH4)2HPO4 was added to produce HAp by varying the molar ratio of Ca/P by 1.67, 1.77 and 1.87 and stirring speed by 200, 250, 300rpm under basic condition (pH 10 – 11). The best results were obtained at a molar ratio of 1.77 with 200rpm stirring speed. Furthermore, the X-ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis showed that its crystals were hexagonal with sizes of 23.062nm, in the absence of other crystalline phases. Therefore, the hydroxyapatite was obtained in the agglomerates form with a specific surface area of ??55.929m2/g.
A Deep-Learning Approach to Load Modeling in Modern Power Distribution System Musa Mohammed; Abubakar Abdulkarim
Journal of Applied Materials and Technology Vol. 3 No. 2 (2022): March 2022
Publisher : AMTS and Faculty of Engineering - Universitas Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31258/Jamt.3.2.1-6

Abstract

Modern Power Distribution Networks (MPDNs) are no longer passive because Distributed Generations (DGs) are integrated with them to enhance system reliability and power quality. For this reason, load modeling has to be updated to capture the new dynamics of active DNs. This paper presents a composite load modeling for a grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) distribution network using the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm in the deep learning feed-forward neural network approach. Load modeling is constructing a relationship between input excitation(s) and output response(s); it can be used for simulation studies, stability analysis, and control/protection design. A grid-connected PV distribution network was modeled in Matlab/Simulink and generates data for training and model estimation. The estimated model was tested and validated using a laboratory experimental test bed. Results of the model exhibit a good fitness of 99.8% and 97.2% in active and reactive power models respectively during training. While 97.84% and 94.65% respectively were obtained during testing. The estimation errors were found to be 0.0025 and 0.0049 for active and reactive powers respectively with 0.0473 and 0.0701 corresponding errors in testing.
Determination of soluble hexavalent chromium in samples of Portland cement from Brazilian cement manufacturers Vanessa Zuliani; Rafaela Boni Serata; Juliana de Carvalho Izidoro
Journal of Applied Materials and Technology Vol. 3 No. 2 (2022): March 2022
Publisher : AMTS and Faculty of Engineering - Universitas Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31258/Jamt.3.2.7-12

Abstract

Urbanization growing is nowadays highlighted in the big cities. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the production of cement, which is used in several areas of civil construction, to supplement the growing demand. Thus, the objective of this study was to determine the content of hexavalent soluble chromium in Portland cement samples from different cement industries in São Paulo state, Brazil, since this chemical species can cause adverse health effects as well as being a potential human carcinogenic for those who manipulate it. In Brazil, the emission of Cr6+ in the cement has no restrictions, since there is no current Brazilian law that determines the maximum concentration of it, whereas, in Europe, the current law 2003/53/EC establishes a maximum of 2 mg.kg-1. So, the Cr6+ content for different cement samples was determined by spectrophotometry based on the European standard EN196-10/2006. It was found by the analysis that among all types of cement produced in São Paulo, the only one that did not exceed the standard limit was the CP III, probably because this kind of cement has a high concentration of additions in its composition, responsible for diluting thereby chromium content. The other types of cement exceeded the established limit. It was concluded that Brazil urgently needs a law to regulate the hexavalent soluble chromium emission present in Portland cement to minimize the environmental and health effects that the cement out of specification may cause.
High-Performance Aqueous Electrolyte Symmetrical Supercapacitor using Porous Carbon Derived Cassava Peel Waste Erman Taer; Harahap Eva Wahyuni; Apriwandi Apriwandi; Taslim Rika
Journal of Applied Materials and Technology Vol. 4 No. 1 (2022): September 2022
Publisher : AMTS and Faculty of Engineering - Universitas Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31258/Jamt.4.1.1-10

Abstract

Electrolytes have been generally recognized as one of the most important components in enhancing the electrochemical performance of supercapacitors. On the other hand, aqueous electrolytes are considered prime candidates for the development of the next generation of symmetric supercapacitors due to their low-cost, environmentally friendly, high ionic conductivity, fine ionic size, and high capacitance. Herein, the symmetrical supercapacitor of the sustainable porous carbon-based electrode material was confirmed through various aqueous electrolytes consisting of neutral, basic, and acidic Na2SO4, KOH, and H2SO4. Activated carbon is obtained from high potential biomass sources of cassava peel waste. Activated carbon synthesis was performed with a comprehensive approach in order to obtain abundant pore structure, high porosity, and improved wettability through a combination of high-temperature chemical and physical activation. in addition, the electrode material is designed to resemble a solid disc without the addition of a synthetic binder. The evaluation of the disc dimensions showed high porosity in the obtained activated carbon. Furthermore, the symmetrical supercapacitor of the optimized electrode material exhibit excellent specific capacitances of 112, 150, and 183 F g-1 at 1 mV s-1 in the electrolytes Na2SO4, KOH, and H2SO4, respectively. In addition, the highest rate capability of 70% was confirmed in the H2SO4 acid electrolyte. Moreover, their coulombic efficiency can be maintained around 89% with low equivalent series resistance 0.21-0.42 ?. Therefore, the activated carbon-based supercapacitor symmetric cell device from cassava peel shows high performance for developing high-performance supercapacitor applications with guaranteed stability in aqueous electrolytes.
The Effect of Portland Cement on Fly Ash Bottom Ash Geopolymer Hybrid Concrete Exposed to Peat Water Environment Monita Olivia; Rudy Satriya Pratama; Ferisma Ratu Giri; Iskandar Romey Sitompul; Alfian Kamaldi; Gunawan Wibisono; Edy Saputra
Journal of Applied Materials and Technology Vol. 3 No. 2 (2022): March 2022
Publisher : AMTS and Faculty of Engineering - Universitas Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31258/Jamt.3.2.24-33

Abstract

Geopolymer hybrid concrete is prepared by activating fly ash bottom ash with an alkaline solution and curing with Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC). OPC could be added to the mixture to increase the reaction, promote hydration, and assist in curing at room temperature. Peat water is an acidic organic environment that may reduce the durability of concrete. The purpose of this research is to determine the effect of Portland cement on the properties of FABA geopolymer hybrid concrete exposed to peat water. Portland cement was used in geopolymer as an additive and a substitute. Compressive strength, porosity, and weight change were evaluated for both mixtures. The NaOH molarities were 10, 12, and 14M, the NaOH/sodium silicate ratios were 1.5, 2.0, and 2.5, and the Ordinary Portland Cement percentages were 0, 10, and 15%. Specimens were exposed to peat water for up to 91 days following 28 days of room temperature curing. The geopolymer mixture with 10M NaOH, 2.5M Ms, and 15% OPC had the highest compressive strength and the lowest porosity. The FABA geopolymer hybrid with OPC had a slightly greater compressive strength and a lower porosity than the geopolymer containing OPC as a cement replacement material. In addition, weight change is more stable in geopolymers containing OPC. Based on the performance of both mixes in peat water, it is recommended to use OPC as an additive in FABA geopolymer hybrid concrete.

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