Operations Research: International Conference Series (ORICS) is published 4 times a year and is the flagship journal of the Indonesian Operational Research Association (IORA). It is the aim of ORICS to present papers which cover the theory, practice, history or methodology of OR. However, since OR is primarily an applied science, it is a major objective of the journal to attract and publish accounts of good, practical case studies. Consequently, papers illustrating applications of OR to real problems are especially welcome. In real applications of OR: forecasting, inventory, investment, location, logistics, maintenance, marketing, packing, purchasing, production, project management, reliability and scheduling. In a wide variety of environments: community OR, education, energy, finance, government, health services, manufacturing industries, mining, sports, and transportation. In technical approaches: decision support systems, expert systems, heuristics, networks, mathematical programming, multicriteria decision methods, problems structuring methods, queues, and simulation.