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Evi Aprianti
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International Association of Lowland Technology In Collaboration with Hasanuddin University and Saga University Address Faculty of Engineering, Center of Technology Building, 1st Floor Jalan Poros Malino km. 6, Bontomarannu, Gowa Indonesia Postal Code: 91711
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Lowland Technology International
Published by International Association of Lowland Technology
ISSN : 13449656     EISSN : 21878870     DOI : https://doi.org/10.0001/ialt_lti
Core Subject : Engineering,
Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Engineering Transportation
The Lowland Technology International Journal presents activity and research developments in Geotechnical Engineering, Water Resources Engineering, Structural Engineering, Transportation Engineering, Urban Planning, Coastal Engineering, Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering.
Arjuna Subject : Teknik (semua kategori) - Teknik Sipil dan Struktur
Articles 7 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol 14 No 2, Dec (2012)" : 7 Documents clear
INVESTIGATION OF TENSILE AND SOIL-GEOTEXTILE INTERFACE STRENGTH OF KENAF WOVEN LIMITED LIFE GEOTEXTILES (LLGS) S. Artidteang; D. T. Bergado; T. Tanchaisawat; J. Saowapakpiboon
Lowland Technology International Vol 14 No 2, Dec (2012)
Publisher : International Association of Lowland Technology

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Abstract

Most geotextiles are made from polypropylene or polyester polymers formed into woven and nonwoven fabric. Recently, new type of geotextile called Limited life Geotextiles (LLGs) made of natural fibers are utilized. Natural fibers are renewable fibers that can be sustainable into woven geotextiles for various geotechnical engineering applications. Geotextiles have been widely used to improve short term stability of embankments on soft clay by two functions: tensile reinforcement and as a drainage element. The paper presents the results of experimental investigation from the suitable pattern of woven Kenaf LLGs for soil reinforcement. Three patterns of weaving Kenaf LLGs were obtained, namely: plain, knot-plain, and hexagonal patterns. Tensile strength tests were conducted in warp and weft directions to select the most appropriate pattern for soil reinforcement application. The plain pattern of woven Kenaf LLGs is the most appropriate pattern due to its high tensile strength. Moreover, large scale direct shear tests were carried out to find the interface strength of Kenaf woven LLGs with sand backfill material as well as the sand backfill materials under different normal confining pressures of 40, 80, and 120 kPa. The important variables for LLGs reinforcement structure design and analysis were investigated. Furthermore, pullout tests were performed using normal confining pressures of 20, 40 and 60 kPa which cover the range of possible applied confining pressures in the field applications. Slippage failure occurred below the normal confining pressure of 40 kPa and tensile failure occurred at higher normal confining pressures.
EFFECTS OF URBAN DEVELOPMENT AND SPATIAL CHARACTERISTICS ON URBAN THERMAL ENVIRONMENT IN CHIANG MAI METROPOLITAN, THAILAND M. Srivanit; K. Hokao
Lowland Technology International Vol 14 No 2, Dec (2012)
Publisher : International Association of Lowland Technology

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Abstract

Chiang Mai Metropolitan Area (CMMA) is the largest city in northern of Thailand, experiencing rapid urbanization that has resulted in remarkable the urban heat island (UHI) effect which will be sure to influence the regional climate, environment, and socio-economic development. In this study, we review the use of thermal remote sensing in the study of urban climates, focusing primarily on the UHI effect and an integrated remote sensing-based approach to investigate the effects of urban development and spatial characteristics on urban thermal environment. The LANDSAT ETM+ images from 2000 and 2006 were utilized to assess the surface urban heat island (SUHI) which will be further analyzed by investigating the relationships with several urban environment and development indices including; the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI), Density of Building (DenBldg), Floor Area Ratio (FAR) and Building Coverage Ratio (BCR) in the urban area of CMMA. Results show that the SUHI effect has become more prominent in areas with rapid urbanization in CMMA. It was found that the average of SUHI (Mean±S.D.) in the center of CMMA was about 20.52±1.05C in 2000, but this difference jumped to 28.08±1.50C in 2006. This could lead to an intensified the UHI effect in the urban areas. In order to analyze the relationship between surface temperatures with the spatial characteristic indices, the results of the correlation can understand impacts of the configuration and composition of spatial characteristics on local thermal environment which was the basic information for finding the reduction methods of urban temperature and the establishment of environmentally friendly urban planning in the future. Overall, remote sensing technology was an effective approach for monitoring and analyzing urban growth patterns and evaluating their impacts on urban climates.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SOUNDSCAPE AND CHINESE CULTURE -- A CASE STUDY OF THE WEST LAKE SCENIC AREA J. Ge; M. Guo; Y. H. Zhu; J. Jia; Y. Zhang
Lowland Technology International Vol 14 No 2, Dec (2012)
Publisher : International Association of Lowland Technology

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Abstract

Soundscape is a new interdisciplinary field of landscape and acoustics. This paper is intended to study the relationship between soundscape and culture. That is, the Chinese culture’s pursuit of acoustic beauty from three aspects as poetries, writings and drawings. It is demonstrated by the case study of soundscape in West Lake scenic area, with particular emphasis on humane attribute. The study has approached by three steps as classification - case study - promotion to region. The major attractions of West Lake scenic area is divided into natural and artificial categories, and the typical cases selected are “Orioles Singing in the Willows” and “Evening Bell Ringing at Nanping hill.” The two cases are analyzed from two aspects as the cultural background and humanities artistic conception, in order to prove the subject. And the importance of soundscape culture research to the construction of West Lake scenic area is declared further.
A LINEAR PROGRAMMIMG MODEL FOR TIDAL RIVER WATER QUALITY MANAGEMENT N. Inyim; W. Liengcharernsit
Lowland Technology International Vol 14 No 2, Dec (2012)
Publisher : International Association of Lowland Technology

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Abstract

This paper presents the formulation of a mathematical model for tidal river water quality management, considering tidal effect on pollutant transport in a tidal river. The linear programming optimization and finite element method are used in model formulation. The objective function of the model is to maximize total BOD load which can be discharged into the river. The decision variables are the ratio of remaining BOD after treatment to the generated BOD of all controllable sources of BOD load discharging into the tidal river. The BOD and DO constraint inequalities are formulated such that at any time step the BOD values at identified nodal points are not more the specified limits and the DO values are not less than the specifies limits. Since the objective function and all the constraints are linear functions, this optimization problem is in the form of linear programming and the well known Simplex method can be used to solve the problem. To demonstrate the application of the model, it is applied to determine the optimal management plan for allocating the degree of treatment among the central wastewater treatment plants of large municipalities located along the Thachin river in the central region of Thailand. The construction plan includes seven wastewater treatment plants located at different sites along the river. This case study can demonstrate effectiveness of the model in determining the optimal water quality management plan for a tidal river and providing the optimal solution for wastewater management.
DEVELOPMENT OF PHYTOPLANKTON MODEL WITH APPLICATION TO SONGKHLA LAKE, THAILAND S. Suwanidcharoen; W. Liengcharernsit
Lowland Technology International Vol 14 No 2, Dec (2012)
Publisher : International Association of Lowland Technology

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Abstract

In this study, mathematical models are developed for simulating phytoplankton and nutrients dispersions in a water body. Two-dimensional vertically average mass balance equations of salinity, nitrogen and phosphorus in various forms and phytoplankton nitrogen are used as governing equations. The finite element method with Galerkin’s weighted residual technique is used in model formulation. The developed models are applied to Songkhla Lake, which is one of the most important water resources in the south of Thailand, where algal bloom problem occurs in some months almost every year. Data on nutrient loadings from various sources in the watershed area are estimated based on the existing land use patterns, population density, livestock, aquaculture, and farming activities. Data on water depth and current velocities are obtained from a hydrodynamic model. The results from the model are illustrated to show distribution patterns of salinity, various forms of nitrogen and phosphorus, as well as phytoplankton nitrogen. The developed models can be used as a tool for assessing the effect of nutrient loading on algal bloom phenomena and are useful for water quality management planning of this lake and other water bodies.
THE STUDY OF URBANIZATION PATTERNS AND THEIR IMPACTS ON ROAD SAFETY P. Iamtrakul; K. Hokao
Lowland Technology International Vol 14 No 2, Dec (2012)
Publisher : International Association of Lowland Technology

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Abstract

Recently, Bangkok and its vicinities have been growing and become megacity. One of the main affects of land use and transportation interaction is the enormous societal loss in term of road traffic casualties. It requires a tool for safety vision as a proactive and integral approach to coordinate transportation and land use planning decision. This study explores the impacts of urbanization pattern on road safety base on three main driving factors which are physical conditions, economic opportunities and demographic growth together with plans and policies. The results could be compared with the different deterioration of safety level base on an application of severity approach and demonstrated by spatial techniques of aerial photo and geographical information system. With this tool, it is enable for more coordination among different stakeholders for improving road safety situation on an influence of the negative effects of sprawling development while promote sustainable transportation.
CURRENT PRACTICE ON FOUNDATION DESIGN OF HIGH-RISE BUILDINGS IN BANGKOK, THAILAND K. Amornfa; N. Phienwej; P. Kitpayuck
Lowland Technology International Vol 14 No 2, Dec (2012)
Publisher : International Association of Lowland Technology

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Abstract

Assessment was made on the current practice on foundation design of high-rise buildings in Bangkok, Thailand to explore rooms for improvement. An interview survey revealed that the current design practice was dominated by structural engineers. They commonly used the conventional method of analysis, namely the combined stress equation, as well as the plate on springs analysis. The finding from the survey study indicates the current design practice does not encourage an optimal design outcome in term of cost effectiveness. The second part of the study is to explore the benefit in adopting the piled raft foundation design concept. A comparative study on the results of the 3dimensional finite element (3D FEM) analysis and various analysis methods currently used. The results show that the plate on pile springs method which neglects pile-pile and raft-pile interaction give results significantly different from that of the 3D FEM. The 3D FEM shows that only about 70-80% of total building loads are carried by piles when raft is placed in the stiff clay layer. The number of piles in the piled raft foundation can be significantly reduced particularly if the true piled raft foundation concept is adopted, while the foundation settlement only increases slightly.

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