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Asian Australasian Neuro and Health Science Journal (AANHS-J)
Published by TALENTA PUBLISHER
ISSN : 26860848     EISSN : 26860848     DOI : https://doi.org/10.32734
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience
Focus and Scope Asian Australasian Neuro and Health Science Journal (AANHSJ) provides a forum for publishing the full research articles in the area of Neurosurgery and Health related to topics from the following subject areas: Neuro-Anatomy Neuro-Physiology Neuro-oncology Neuro-Spine Neuro-Pediatric Neuro-Trauma Neuro-Vascular Neuro-Fungsional Basic Science Biomoleculer in Neurology Radiology in Neurosurgery
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Neurologi Klinis
Articles 95 Documents
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A Systematic Review of Treatment of cerebral cavernous malformations Azwar, Fathy; Nasution, Muhammad Deni
Asian Australasian Neuro and Health Science Journal (AANHS-J) Vol. 5 No. 1 (2023): AANHS Journal
Publisher : Talenta Universitas Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/aanhsj.v5i1.11247

Abstract

Introduction: Cerebral cavernous malformations (CMs), also known as cavernomas, are brain vascular anomalies that consist of clusters of aberrant, hyalinized capillaries surrounded by hemosiderin deposits and a gliotic border. CMs are also known as cavernomas. The vasculature is filled with blood and can exhibit varying degrees of thrombosis. The familial form of CMs is inherited in an autosomal dominant manner and is caused by a heterozygous mutation in one of the three genes, CCM1, CCM2, and CCM3, which may be located on the 7q, 7p, and 3p chromosomes, respectively. This type of CMs affects only one member of the immediate family. Patients diagnosed with CMs make up anywhere from forty to sixty percent of those who have the familial variety. Treatment options for CM lesions include microsurgery, stereotactic radiosurgery, and conservative care. The most common procedure is called a microsurgical resection. Method: The aim of study of this study to investigate the treatment of cerebral cavernous malformations. This study used the literature review method by discovering articles using the search engine PubMed and SagePub and 6 articles met the inclusion criteria in this study. Result: According to the findings of the study, there were no significant variations in patient outcomes in terms of  the frequency of seizures between those patients who had surgery and those who received conservative medicinal treatment. Discussion: Cavernous malformations are intracerebral anomalies that were only brought to our attention in a meaningful way after the development of MRI technology. They are relatively frequent. Treatment includes microsurgery and radiosurgery. Microsurgery  cures the patient but has substantial problems with complications, deterioration and partial removal. Cavernomas that were previously inoperable can now be treated with stereotactic radiosurgery. More research is required to fully understand the long-term neurological implications of SRS. In order to evaluate the efficacy of cavernoma treatments, the natural history of the tumors must be investigated. Conclusion: Microsurgery, stereotactic radiosurgery, and conservative management treat CM lesions. Microsurgical resection is most common. Stereotactic radiosurgery can now treat inoperable cavernomas. SRS's long-term neurological effects need further study. The natural history of cavernomas must be studied to determine therapeutic success.
CUPPING THERAPY IN REDUCING BLOOD PRESSURE IN PATIENTS WITH HYPERTENSION: A LITERATURE STUDY Ade Andrian, Ade Andrian
Asian Australasian Neuro and Health Science Journal (AANHS-J) Vol. 5 No. 2 (2023): AANHS Journal
Publisher : Talenta Universitas Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/aanhsj.v5i2.11846

Abstract

Introduction: The World Health Organization (WHO 2022) states that the current global prevalence of hypertension is 22% of the world's total population, and less than one-fifth make an effort to control their blood pressure, I assume. In Indonesia it is estimated at 15 million, but only 4% are under control. Hypertension can be caused by lifestyle, obesity, alcohol, smoking, stress, age, and genetic factors. Hypertension can be treated nonpharmacologically, namely with cupping therapy. This study aims to determine the effect of cupping therapy on lowering blood pressure in patients with hypertension. Method: using a literature review research design. International and national journal searches were obtained through several sources including: Proquest, ScienceDirect, Emerald Insight, Ebsco, and Google Scholar. There are 10 articles obtained that will be reviewed, the results of information about the application of complementary alternative therapy, namely cupping therapy, and analyzing the published literature so as to reduce blood pressure in hypertensive patients. Results: The results of the literature review indicate the effect of cupping therapy between before and after cupping therapy on changes in blood pressure in patients with hypertension. Conclusion: The provision of cupping therapy as a complementary alternative therapy or one of the non-pharmacological therapies greatly provides an effect in lowering blood pressure in patients with hypertension.Keywords: Blood Pressure, Cupping Therapy, Hypertension
Post-operative Treatment Chronic Subdural Hematoma with or without Dexamethasone: a Systematic Review Muhammad Reza Hasan; Abdurrahman Mousa
Asian Australasian Neuro and Health Science Journal (AANHS-J) Vol. 5 No. 2 (2023): AANHS Journal
Publisher : Talenta Universitas Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/aanhsj.v5i2.12010

Abstract

Abstract Introduction: Discovering If the post-operative patient is given dexamethasone or without dexamethasone, it can cause recurrence of Chronic Subdural Hematoma patients. This systematic review aims to summarize the research on the link between dexamethasone and recurrent chronic subdural hematoma. Methods: We present systematic reviews reported according to the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) and adhere to a structured review protocol. We searched PubMed, ScienceDirect, and British Medical Journal databases using the following search strategy from inception to March 2023. Results: Four studies were included for further analysis. CSDH can be treated as medical, surgical, or both medical surgeries. Medical treatment for post-traumatic and post-operative prophylaxis of seizures and for preventing edema and ischemia. Anticonvulsant agents can be cut off after a few weeks if post-operative seizures do not appear at all. Surgery has been shown to be most effective in the treatment of cSDH. The evacuation of subdural collections forms the basis of the surgery in cSDH. After treatment, residual subdural fluid collections are standard. The most critical and dangerous complications of surgical treatment of acute post-operative bleeding. Discussion: Chronic subdural hematoma is an event of head bleeding that occurs for more than three weeks. It can be examined using CT (Computed Tomography). Often occurs in parents. The operation was carried out using the burr-hole method, and post-operative treatment can be given using dexamethasone. Recurrent bleeding may occur in patients with chronic subdural hematoma.
Early Postoperative Serum Sodium Level and Urine Output Volume Profile after Endoscopic Endonasal Transsphenoidal Surgery in Macroadenoma Pituitary Tumor Ramadhan, Hafiz; Syafitri, Adinda; Irsyad, Muhammad Ari; Nasution, Muhammad Deni
Asian Australasian Neuro and Health Science Journal (AANHS-J) Vol. 5 No. 2 (2023): AANHS Journal
Publisher : Talenta Universitas Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/aanhsj.v5i2.12347

Abstract

Introduction: Surgery is still the initial treatment of choice to for the majority of date with pituitary tumors. One of the most commonly performed minimally invasive neurosurgical procedures is transsphenoidal endoscopic endonasal surgery (ETS) and microscopic transsphenoidal surgery (MTS), used commonly for the resection of pituitary tumors. Neurosurgical operations for pituitary and suprasellar tumors may result in postoperative complications due to the crucial anatomical location of these tumors. The resulting postoperative complications can manifest as anterior or posterior pituitary dysfunction, particularly sodium disturbances, due to the changes in antidiuretic hormone (ADH) secretion, which remains one of the most frequent postoperative reasons for hospital readmission. Method: The aim of this study is to describe and determine the frequency distribution of patient characteristics who underwent endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal resection of pituitary adenoma at Universitas Sumatera Utara Hospital between 2021 and 2022. Result: The findings of this study showed the frequency distribution of patient characteristics who underwent endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal resection and postoperative sodium serum level profile as well as postoperative urine output profile. Discussion: The discussion section briefly discusses the findings and their implications. It mentions the high prevalence of headache and visual deficits among the patients, which aligns with previous studies. It also provides an overview of normal water balance and the pathophysiology of water balance disorders after pituitary surgery.  
PHENYTOIN AS A PROPHYLAXIS OF POST-TRAUMATIC SEIZURES IN HEAD TRAUMA PATIENTS AT JAKARTA ISLAMIC HOSPITAL CEMPAKA PUTIH IN 2020-2022 Maulana, Tegar; Andra, Dekka; khairunnisa; Hamzah, Zainy
Asian Australasian Neuro and Health Science Journal (AANHS-J) Vol. 5 No. 2 (2023): AANHS Journal
Publisher : Talenta Universitas Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/aanhsj.v5i2.12507

Abstract

Introduction: Post-traumatic seizures can occur as a complication of head injury, whether it is immediately after the head injury to months or years after. Phenytoin is an anti-epileptic drug that has been used widely as a prophylaxis for posttraumatic seizures. Method: The study was conducted retrospectively using medical records of head trauma patients in hospitals in 2020-2022 on 54 samples treated up to seven days post-trauma. Samples were obtained which were then analyzed by medical records, looking at the patient's identity, patient diagnosis, seizure symptoms, and history of anti-seizure drugs. Result: Patients given phenytoin prophylaxis [22 (40.7%)] who did not have seizures [18 (33.3%)] were more than patients who had seizures [4 (7.4%)]. Similar results occurred in patients without phenytoin prophylaxis [32 (59.3%)], more patients with no seizures [30 (55.6%)] than those with seizures [2 (3.7%)]. Conclusion: The usage of phenytoin is still not routinely given to post-traumatic head patients at RSIJ Cempaka Putih. The administration is carried out on a case-by-case basis assessment must be carried out in determining the use of phenytoin as a seizure prophylactic so that the benefits outweigh the side effects. For further research, it is recommended to conduct an EEG examination on head trauma patients to determine the diagnosis of post-traumatic seizures/epilepsy and conduct further seizure evaluation. Keywords: Post-trauma seizure; Phenytoin; Prophylaxis; Head Trauma; Jakarta Islamic Cempaka Putih Hospital
Surgical Outcomes in Primary Benign Extradural Tumors of The Cervical Spine : A Case Report Musfirah, Nurul; Iskandar; Ananda, Sigit
Asian Australasian Neuro and Health Science Journal (AANHS-J) Vol. 5 No. 2 (2023): AANHS Journal
Publisher : Talenta Universitas Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/aanhsj.v5i2.12588

Abstract

Introduction: The prevalence of spinal tumors is rare, only about 15% of all cases of central nervous system tumors and 90% of cases occur at the age of >20 years, which is a productive age for a person. Case Report: A young 25-year-old woman came to the polyclinic complaining of weakness of both hands and feet (all limbs). The MRI results show a suspected of a space occupying lesion of the extradural spinal cord. The patient then underwent tumor removal laminectomy surgery with a posterior approach. After the operation, his motoric was improving and increased to 4/4. After three months she was able to walk and perform daily activities. Discussion: In younger patients, the tumor diagnosis may be more catastrophic, and the required treatment can have a severe impact on the patient's health-related quality of life. The patient was also very fast and assisted with early ambulation. This can be related to the progressivity of tumor cells, in this case a benign tumor with a border that is not aggressive in invading the surrounding tissue. Conclussion: Early diagnostic and complete surgical resection before the occurrence of severe symptoms will show an excellent prognosis in benign primary extradural tumor. Multidisciplinary surgical planning should therefore also include the histological grade, stage, and extent of the tumor to establish the objective biological aggressiveness of the overlying tumor and in turn estimate the feasibility of resection Keywords: Benign; Primary extradural tumor; Surgical outcome
Overview of Concussion Related to Long-term Cognitive Impairment Among Traumatic Brain Injury : A Systematic Review Hasan, Muhammad Reza; Mahyudanil
Asian Australasian Neuro and Health Science Journal (AANHS-J) Vol. 6 No. 1 (2024): AANHS Journal
Publisher : Talenta Universitas Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/aanhsj.v6i1.11832

Abstract

Abstract. Background: Discovering if the cognitive decline in later life is related to concussion. This systematic review aims to summarize the research on the link between concussion and long-term cognitive damage. Methods We offer systematic reviews that follow a standardized review methodology and are reported using the recommended reporting standards for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA). From conception until March 2023, we conducted searches in the databases of PubMed, ScienceDirect, and British Medical Journals using the following search method. Results: Six studies were included for further analysis, which mostly showed individuals with mild Traumatic Brain Injury (mTBI) with a GCS of 13–15 revealed that cognitive impairment is a prevalent symptom with the primary cause of traffic collision. Studies on patients with mTBI demonstrated that they performed poorer in verbal memory, attention, and executive function. It has been shown in earlier investigations that microglia may be involved in ongoing neurodegeneration. Microglia response in the subcortical regions carries out the critical information and processing of spatial learning, memory, and relaying sensory and motor signals. Conclusion Concussions are one of the most frequent but also one of the hardest to recognize; in fact that even mild trauma has the potential to affect the brain's architecture and has no outward signs. Reduced cognitive function is one of the concussion's side effects, when cognitive impairment is correlated with a lower health-related quality of life.
A Rare Case of Pleural Tuberculosis with Tuberculous Pyomyositis Lubis, Perdana Putra; Nugroho, Gilang Muhammad Setyo
Asian Australasian Neuro and Health Science Journal (AANHS-J) Vol. 5 No. 03 (2023): AANHS Journal
Publisher : Talenta Universitas Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/aanhsj.v5i03.13465

Abstract

Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) gained recognition throughout the 19th century as it inflicted significant mortality rates upon a vast number of individuals across the globe. Pleural tuberculosis and tuberculous pyomyositis are infrequently documented extra-pulmonary manifestations, with limited coverage in the medical literature, and their underlying pathophysiological mechanisms remain unclear. There is a scarcity of published evidence about the management of pleural tuberculosis with tuberculous pyomyositis. Case report: We reported a case of a 51-year-old female patient who presented with progressive exacerbation of dyspnea, elevated body temperature, nocturnal diaphoresis, active cough, and pleuritic chest discomfort localized to the right side for twelve weeks duration. This patient also had multiple bulges in the left lumbal, left upper chest, and axillary regions. Several people living near the patient's home were diagnosed with tuberculosis. During the examination, the patient exhibited decreased breath sounds and a dull percussion note in the right lung field. The chest radiograph revealed a substantial pleural effusion in the right hemithorax. She was subsequently started on four daily anti-tuberculosis therapy and pleural fluid drainage. On the fifth month of follow-up, the patient showed improvement in symptoms and the bulging has reduced in size. Discussion: Pyomyositis is a suppurative infection of skeletal muscle that typically arises from the dissemination of pathogens through the bloodstream. The infection is commonly observed in tropical regions among persons who have significant underlying comorbidities or are immunocompromised. Conclusion: Pleural tuberculosis accompanied by tuberculous pyomyositis is an uncommon manifestation outside of the lungs, nevertheless, it is crucial to maintain vigilance regarding this condition. The timely identification of a disease is crucial for the implementation of appropriate treatment and subsequent resolution
Cerebral Abscess In A Child With Unknown Origin Of Infection: A Case Report Arafat Husain, Syekh Ahmad; Alloyna, Dhyka; Irsyad, Muhammad Ari; Tala, Ihsan Z; Arsyad, Abdurrahman Mousa
Asian Australasian Neuro and Health Science Journal (AANHS-J) Vol. 5 No. 03 (2023): AANHS Journal
Publisher : Talenta Universitas Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/aanhsj.v5i03.13907

Abstract

Introduction: The incidence of brain abscesses is higher in developing countries. The classic triad of fever, headache, and focal neurological signs was seen in 9–28% of the pediatric cases. Brain abscesses occur infrequently with potentially life-threatening conditions. Case Report: The patient was a child 1 year 8 months old with a main complaint of weakness in the left arm and leg progressively for one month. She had a local seizure on her left arm and leg one month before admission with a duration of 30 minutes. She was irritable for the last two weeks. The strength of the upper and lower extremities was 3 respectively. The physiology reflex was hyper-reflex on the upper and lower extremities. A Head non-contrast CT scan showed a hypodense lesion on the right parietal with a perifocal edema lesion. A head contrast CT scan showed a hypodense lesion on the right parietal with ring enhancement measuring approximately 6,2 cm x 4,5 cm. Craniotomy evacuation abscess with near total capsulectomy was done on initial and capsule resection was done. Discussion: Brain abscess is a focal pyogenic infection of the brain parenchyma, and the frontotemporal lobe is the most common site of brain abscess, followed by frontal-parietal, parietal, occipital lobes, and cerebellar. The most common risk factors that predispose a child to the formation of a brain abscess include congenital heart disease, sinus and otogenic infections, and poor dental hygiene. The triad of brain abscess, including headache, fever, and neurological symptoms is only present in (15%) of the cases reported. Medical treatment is recommended in patients without increased intracranial pressure, with symptoms of less than 1 week long and abscess of less than 2 cm seen in tomography. The suggested time of treatment is between 6 and 8 weeks with intravenously administered antibiotics. A full recovery rate from the infection of about 60–70% is reported in the case of early diagnosis and proper therapy Conclusion: Cerebral abscess in pediatrics with unknown origin of infection may happen in 12%. Early diagnosis and treatment of pediatric cerebral abscesses can reduce morbidity and mortality rates. A broadspectrum antibiotic is an optimal treatment in the postoperative evacuation of cerebral abscess cases with unknown origin infection.
Cervical Tuberculous Spondylitis : A Very Rare Case Report
Asian Australasian Neuro and Health Science Journal (AANHS-J) Vol. 5 No. 03 (2023): AANHS Journal
Publisher : Talenta Universitas Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/aanhsj.v5i03.14271

Abstract

Introduction: Cervical tuberculous spondylitis is a rare disease and low prevalence in all spinal diseases. The cervical region is more vulnerable to volume addition because of tight space in the spinal canal that could damage neurological function. Case description: A 25-year-old female with pain in the posterior of her neck. The pain was accompanied by numbness and tingling that radiated from the hind neck to the left hand. She had no systemic symptoms. She also had a small-sized lump in her hind neck. The patient admitted that she had undergone an antituberculosis drug regimen three months before. The neurological and physical examination revealed hypesthesia in the left upper limb and gibbus in the hind-neck which was approximately one centimeter in diameter. MRI examination revealed that suspicion of cervical tuberculous spondylitis. The patient had undergone debridement laminectomy and posterior stabilization surgery. The pathology impression revealed that supporting tuberculous chronic specific spondylitis. Discussion: Progresivity of abscess led to necrosis of the bone and its surrounding tissue that could cause deformities and neurological symptoms. Conclusion: Cervical tuberculous spondylitis is a very rare case, because it used to be in lumbar or thoracic vertebrae.  If this case had been left untreated, it would have a severe prognosis.  

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