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EKO BUDIYANTO
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ARMATUR : Artikel Teknik Mesin dan Manufaktur
Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro
ISSN : 2722080X     EISSN : 27220796     DOI : https://doi.org/10.24127
Core Subject : Engineering,
Aerospace Engineering Automotive Engineering Engineering Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Mechanical Engineering
ARMATUR : Artikel Teknik Mesin dan Manufaktur [ISSN (online) : 2722-0796, ISSN (cetak) : 2722-080X], merupakan jurnal terbitan berkala yang diterbitkan oleh Program Studi Teknik Mesin, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro. ARMATUR terbit 2 kali dalam setahun bulan Maret dan September, memuat hasil-hasil penelitian dalam bidang Teknik Mesin dan Manufaktur. Dalam sekali penerbitan, ARMATUR memuat 5-10 artikel dengan 5-10 halaman per artikel. Proses penerimaan naskah jurnal sepenuhnya dilakukan melalui Online Journal Sistem (OJS).
Arjuna Subject : Teknik (semua kategori) - Teknik Mesin
Articles 177 Documents
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Rancang Bangun dan Analisis Kinerja Saluran udara pada Simulator Trainer Airbag Solachuddin Al Ayyubi; Yuniarto Agus W
ARMATUR : Artikel Teknik Mesin & Manufaktur Vol. 7 No. 2 (2026): Jurnal Armatur (in Progress)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/armatur.v7i2.11459

Abstract

Passive safety systems such as airbags are crucial for reducing the risk of fatal injuries in the event of a crash. The deployment speed of an airbag depends heavily on its mechanical design and electronic controls. This study aims to determine the effect of variations in valve channel diameter 2.5 mm, 5 mm, and 8 mm on the deployment response time of the driver-side airbag. The experimental method was conducted using an ATmega328 microcontroller-based airbag vehicle safety simulator trainer. In this test, a solenoid valve was used to regulate airflow with valve orifice diameters of 2.5 mm, 5 mm, and 8 mm. An ADXL345 sensor was used to provide the collision trigger signal to the microcontroller, while an HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensor was used to detect when the airbag began to deploy. Based on experimental analysis, it was concluded that the diameter of the valve channel significantly affects the inflation rate. The smaller the valve channel diameter, the faster the airbag response time. Conversely, the larger the channel diameter, the longer it takes for the airbag to inflate.
Pengaruh Jenis Sensor Water Level dan Variasi Tegangan Terhadap Ketinggian Air Pada Tangki Bensin Berbasis Arduino Yuniarto Agus Winoko; Moch Riduwan
ARMATUR : Artikel Teknik Mesin & Manufaktur Vol. 7 No. 2 (2026): Jurnal Armatur (in Progress)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/armatur.v7i2.11463

Abstract

Cases of vehicle tank leaks throughout 2024-2025 amounted to 23,500 units. The cause of vehicle tank leaks is water vapor (condensation) because the empty space in the tank contains air. Water Level Sensor is a sensor used to detect and measure water levels. The way the Water Level Sensor works by utilizing an open conductor path that is connected when in contact with water, the Water Level Sensor used is HW 37 and HW 38. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of the type of Water Level Sensor HW 37 and HW 38, variations in working voltage of 3V and 5V and to compare the percentage error value of water level measurements of 5, 10, 15 and 20 mm. The test method uses experiments presented in the form of tables and graphs. The independent variables are the type of sensor and voltage. The dependent variables are the accuracy of water level measurements of 5, 10, 15, and 20 mm. The test results of the Water Level Sensor HW 37 with the best accuracy occurred at a voltage of 5V with a percentage error value of 0.35%, while the Water Level Sensor HW 3 with the best accuracy occurred at a voltage of 5V with a percentage error value of 0.10%.
ANALISIS PENGARUH JENIS BAHAN BAKAR B0, B30, B35, DAN B40 TERHADAP EFISIENSI THERMAL PLTD BIAK Syi’ar Mulya Ahmad Pratiknyo; Christiono
ARMATUR : Artikel Teknik Mesin & Manufaktur Vol. 7 No. 2 (2026): Jurnal Armatur (in Progress)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/armatur.v7i2.11511

Abstract

Diesel Power Plants (PLTD) play an important role in supplying electrical energy, particularly in island regions and remote areas such as Biak. To support the national energy transition, the government has implemented a mandatory biodiesel policy that has progressively increased from B30 and B35 to B40 in order to reduce dependence on fossil fuels. This study aims to analyze the thermal efficiency of PLTD Biak under B0, B30, B35, and B40 fuel types, as well as their effects on Specific Fuel Consumption (SFC) and heat rate. The research employed a quantitative descriptive approach using actual operational data, including fuel consumption, generator output power, and fuel heating values. The results show that increasing biodiesel content causes SFC to rise from 0.251 liter/kWh for B0 to 0.271 liter/kWh for B40, reduces thermal efficiency from 39.8% to 37.1%, and increases heat rate from 9,045 kJ/kWh to 9,704 kJ/kWh. It can be concluded that B30 provides the best balance between supporting the mandatory biodiesel policy and maintaining operational performance, while B35 and B40 require optimization of operating parameters to preserve efficiency.
Pendekatan Integratif Untuk Peningkatan Efektivitas Layanan dan Operasional Bengkel Otomotif: Systematic Literature Review Siti Ruqaiyah Baharuddin; Syakia Muflihat
ARMATUR : Artikel Teknik Mesin & Manufaktur Vol. 7 No. 2 (2026): Jurnal Armatur (in Progress)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/armatur.v7i2.11560

Abstract

The increasing number of motor vehicles has led to higher demand for automotive workshop services, requiring workshops to improve both service quality and operational efficiency. However, many automotive workshops still face operational problems such as long service waiting times, inefficient workflows, inconsistent service quality, and non-value-added activities. This study aims to identify and analyze various approaches used to improve service quality and operational efficiency in automotive workshops through a Systematic Literature Review (SLR). The study reviewed 15 scientific articles published between 2020 and 2025 related to automotive workshop services, operational improvement, and quality management methods. The analysis focused on approaches such as Service Quality (SERVQUAL), Importance Performance Analysis (IPA), Lean Service, Quality Function Deployment (QFD), Value Stream Mapping (VSM), Six Sigma, Service Blueprint, TRIZ, and Design Thinking. The results show that SERVQUAL is the most widely used method for identifying service quality gaps, especially in responsiveness and reliability dimensions. However, integrated approaches combining service quality methods with operational improvement methods such as Lean Service, VSM, and Six Sigma provide more comprehensive solutions for improving workshop performance. These approaches are effective in reducing operational waste, improving workflow efficiency, minimizing service variability, and enhancing service innovation. The study concludes that improving automotive workshop performance requires an integrated approach involving service quality, operational efficiency, process control, and service innovation.
Pengaruh Aktivasi Termal Abu Dasar Batubara terhadap Kinerja Adsorpsi dalam Peningkatan Sifat Fisik Pelumas Bekas Randy Kurniawan; Darrel Parulian Cleverson Aritonang; Dino Nata Hidayat; Raihan Ramadhan; Asri Damertine Girsang; Devano Ramadhan; Rezky Tri Yunanda; Glory Florensa Br Siregar; Rikki Martin Nababan; Ummi Kulsum Hidayati
ARMATUR : Artikel Teknik Mesin & Manufaktur Vol. 7 No. 2 (2026): Jurnal Armatur (in Progress)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/armatur.v7i2.11727

Abstract

Used lubricating oil contains degradation products and contaminants that may cause environmental pollution if improperly disposed of. This study investigated the utilization of coal bottom ash as an adsorbent for used lubricating oil purification and evaluated the effect of thermal activation on its adsorption performance. Bottom ash was purified using 2 M H₂SO₄ and subsequently thermally activated at 650°C for 3 h with NaOH assistance. The chemical composition of the adsorbent was analyzed using X-ray Fluorescence (XRF), while adsorption performance was evaluated through density, kinematic viscosity, and flash point measurements of the treated oil. XRF results showed that the purification process reduced Ca content from 22.36 wt.% to 10.44 wt.% and Fe content from 29.19 wt.% to 20.61 wt.% while preserving the major silica and alumina components. The thermally activated bottom ash exhibited better adsorption performance than the non-activated adsorbent, resulting in higher density and viscosity values of the treated oil. These findings demonstrate that thermal activation improves the adsorption capability of bottom ash, indicating its potential as a low-cost and environmentally friendly adsorbent for used lubricating oil purification.
Analisis sifat fisis dan mekanis papan partikel limbah jagung berperekat kitosan sebagai kandidat material lantai bagasi mobil Haikal Zaki Muttaqin; Kardiman; Lilik Astari
ARMATUR : Artikel Teknik Mesin & Manufaktur Vol. 7 No. 2 (2026): Jurnal Armatur (in Progress)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/armatur.v7i2.11502

Abstract

This research focused on examining the physical and mechanical characteristics of particleboard created from corn stalk byproducts and chitosan adhesive, serving as an eco-friendly alternative material, particularly for vehicle trunk flooring uses. The approach to the research included creating particleboard with different concentrations of chitosan adhesive at 20%, 25%, and 30%. The physical characteristics (moisture content, density, water absorption, and thickness swelling) and mechanical characteristics Modulus of Elasticity and Modulus of Rupture were subsequently assessed following the JIS A 5908:2003 standard. The findings indicated that the density values of the particleboard for all variations conformed to the standard, whereas the moisture content complied with the standard only at concentrations of 20% and 25%. Water absorption and thickness swelling remained quite elevated across all treatments, suggesting poor moisture resistance because of the material's hygroscopic characteristics. The maximum MOE value was reached at a concentration of 25%, whereas the peak MOR value was found at a concentration of 20%. Overall, raising the adhesive concentration doesn't consistently enhance mechanical properties, and there exists an ideal value at specific compositions.
Analisis Analisis Kekuatan Sambungan Angel Corner pada Alumunium Profile 2020 untuk Rangka Printer 3D Logam Yupi Andrian; Deri Teguh Santoso; Uji Burrahman; Afrialdy Ilham Almanyansyah; Rangga Surya Syahputra
ARMATUR : Artikel Teknik Mesin & Manufaktur Vol. 7 No. 2 (2026): Jurnal Armatur (in Progress)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/armatur.v7i2.11588

Abstract

This study analyzes the structural performance of angel corner joints in aluminium profile 2020, which serve as critical connectors in the frame of a metal 3D printer based on MIG welding. The objective is to evaluate the influence of material variation on stress distribution, deformation, and safety factor using the Finite Element Method (FEM) in ANSYS. Three materials were examined: Aluminium Alloy 6061-T6, Structural Steel S355, and Stainless Steel 316L. A three-dimensional CAD model of the corner joint was developed and subjected to a static load of 150 N to represent realistic operational conditions. The results indicate that maximum von Mises stress for all materials remains below their respective yield strengths, confirming elastic behavior. Structural Steel S355 produced the smallest deformation (0.065 mm) and the highest safety factor (4.34), while Aluminium Alloy 6061-T6 exhibited larger deformation (0.145 mm) and a lower safety factor (2.59), but still within safe limits. Stainless Steel 316L demonstrated intermediate performance with a safety factor of 2.26 and deformation of 0.102 mm. These findings highlight that material selection significantly affects stiffness and safety margin of the frame. Structural Steel S355 is recommended when strength and stability are prioritized, whereas Aluminium Alloy 6061-T6 may be considered when lightweight construction is required.
Perancangan Inkubator Telur Puyuh Otomatis Berbasis IoT dengan Sistem Pemantauan Jarak Jauh Menggunakan Spreedsheat Alvin Ardiniansyah; Reza Setiawan; Aa Santosa; Bhisma Mahendra
ARMATUR : Artikel Teknik Mesin & Manufaktur Vol. 7 No. 2 (2026): Jurnal Armatur (in Progress)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/armatur.v7i2.11651

Abstract

The research method used was an experimental comparative approach by comparing the performance of an IoT-based automatic incubator with a conventional incubator. The automatic incubator utilized an ESP32 microcontroller, DHT22 temperature and humidity sensor, heating lamps, exhaust fan, and automatic egg turning system using a servo motor. Monitoring data were transmitted via internet connection for real-time observation with spreadsheet. Each incubator was tested using 30 quail eggs during an incubation period of 18 days.The results showed that the IoT-based incubator was able to maintain temperature stability within the range of 37.2°C–38.2°C and humidity between 60%–68%. Meanwhile, the conventional incubator experienced larger temperature fluctuations ranging from 35.4°C to 40.0°C. The automatic incubator achieved a hatchability rate of 90% with an average hatch weight of 8.9 g, while the conventional incubator only achieved 70% hatchability with an average hatch weight of 7.8 g. Based on the results, the IoT-based automatic incubator demonstrated better performance in maintaining incubation stability and improving hatchability efficiency compared to the conventional system. The implementation of IoT technology also enabled real-time monitoring and automatic control, making the incubation process more effective and efficient.
Pengaruh Variasi Temperatur Preheating Pada Pengelasan Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW) Baja SM490 Terhadap Sifat Mekanik Dan Struktur Mikro Andeliani Saputri; Agris Setiawan
ARMATUR : Artikel Teknik Mesin & Manufaktur Vol. 7 No. 2 (2026): Jurnal Armatur (in Progress)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/armatur.v7i2.11773

Abstract

The railway industry is a manufacturing industry engaged in the manufacture, repair, and maintenance of trains. In the train manufacturing process, one of the components of the train structure is the train bogie. Train bogies are generally made using SM490 Steel material because they have good strength, toughness, machinability, and weldability. The manufacture of bogies is generally done by welding methods. One of the commonly used welding methods is Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW). This study aims to determine the effect of the preheating process on the mechanical properties and microstructure of the welding results. Data obtained from tests including hardness testing, tensile testing, impact testing, and microstructure observations. Hardness testing shows a decrease in the strength value of the welding results where the highest value is obtained in untreated material of 179.53 HVN and the lowest value in material with 300˚C preheating of 172.23 HVN. Tensile test data shows an increase in tensile strength by applying the preheating process, where the highest tensile strength and elongation values ​​were obtained in the material with 200˚C preheating, namely 536.1 MPa with an elongation of 18.9%. Impact test data shows an increase in toughness in the material with preheating treatment. Microstructural observation data shows a change in the microstructure in the weld metal area. It was also found from the microstructural observations that the ferrite phase dominates.
OPTIMASI PROSES SAND CASTING DALAM UPAYA REDUKSI CACAT PENGECORAN LOGAM BERDASARKAN PENGARUH POURING TIME, SUHU TAPPING, DAN SUHU POURING PADA PT. X Ahmad Roihan Al Muttaqi
ARMATUR : Artikel Teknik Mesin & Manufaktur Vol. 7 No. 2 (2026): Jurnal Armatur (in Progress)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/armatur.v7i2.11789

Abstract

The sand casting process is widely used due to its flexibility in producing components with various geometries. However, casting defects remain a major issue as they reduce product quality and increase production losses. This study analyzes the effect of pouring time, tapping temperature, and pouring temperature on defect tendencies in deckdrain products produced by sand casting at PT X. A descriptive quantitative method was applied using production observation data collected during internship activities on January 12–15, 2026. The analysis included visual defect identification, defect classification, pouring time measurement, and temperature evaluation from tapping to pouring. The results showed six dominant defects: misrun, blow hole, cold shut, metal penetration, rat tail, and inclusion. The average pouring time was highest in the body part at 19.39 s, followed by grating at 11.22 s and filter at 7.14 s. Tapping temperature ranged from 1592–1673 °C, while pouring temperature ranged from 1510–1605 °C, with an average temperature drop of 52.75 °C. These results indicate that variations in pouring time and heat loss can reduce metal fluidity and increase the risk of misrun and cold shut defects. Therefore, defect reduction should focus on controlling pouring time and temperature for each

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