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Litera Kultura
Published by Universitas Negeri Surabaya
ISSN : -     EISSN : 23562714     DOI : -
Core Subject : Humanities, Art, Social,
Arts Humanities Social Sciences
Litera Kultura : Journal of Literary and Cultural Studies accepts articles within the scope of Literature and Cultural Studies. The journal is published three times in a year: April, August, and December.
Arjuna Subject : Seni dan Humaniora - Sastra dan Teori Sastra
Articles 362 Documents
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The Depiction of Toxic Masculinity and Its Effects on Children in Hirokazu Koreeda's Monster (2023) Ainiyah, Syakira Nugraheni
LITERA KULTURA : Journal of Literary and Cultural Studies Vol. 13 No. 2 (2025): August
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Surabaya

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This study aims to analyze how toxic masculinity is depicted and its impact in the film Monster (2023) by Hirokazu Koreeda, using Michael Kimmel’s theory of masculinity (1997). The method used is qualitative descriptive, with data obtained from scenes and dialogues in the movie, as well as sources such as books, journals, and relevant websites. The results of this study show that this movie depicts various forms of toxic masculinity, such as the demand to be a “real man,” the rejection of anything considered feminine, and homophobia. This has an impact on the psychological condition of the characters Minato and Yori, who experience mental pressure, bullying, and even violence. This study shows how toxic masculinity affects social interactions and reinforces rigid gender norms, especially in children. This study is also expected to contribute to the depiction of toxic masculinity in films and serve as a foundation for further research in the field of gender studies.
Labor Exploitation in The Menu (2022) Rahmania, Ellen
LITERA KULTURA : Journal of Literary and Cultural Studies Vol. 13 No. 2 (2025): August
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Surabaya

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This study examines the depiction of labor exploitation in The Menu (2022) using Marxist theories. By focusing on the relationship between Chef Slowik and his kitchen staff, this study analyzes how exploitative labor conditions can lead to alienation and suicide. Using a qualitative method, the film is thematically analyzed through dialogue, visuals, and character interactions. The study draws on the theories of Karl Marx to explore the themes of surplus value, false consciousness, and different forms of suicide. The menu shows that in extreme capitalism, death is not simply the end of life, but can also be a symbol of critique, rejection, and liberation. using the concept of alienation. These three deaths, although different in form and context, share the understanding that when work, identity, and the value of life are completely taken over by the capitalist system, alienation can push individuals and collectives towards inevitable destruction.The findings reveal how capitalist pressures in a stressful environment can lead to psychological disorders and fatal consequences.
The Development of Bruce Wayne's Duality of Identity in The Dark Knight Trilogy: A Jungian Psychoanalysis Approach: Perkembangan Dualitas Identitas Bruce Wayne dalam The Dark Knight Trilogy: Pendekatan Psikoanalisis Jungian Raditya Nugraha
LITERA KULTURA : Journal of Literary and Cultural Studies Vol. 13 No. 2 (2025): August
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Surabaya

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This thesis utilized Carl Jung's psychoanalytic theories to examine the psychological intricacy of Bruce Wayne's dual identity as it was portrayed in Christopher Nolan's Batman Trilogy. It focused on the ideas of Persona, Shadow, and Individuation. The study aims to explore how Bruce Wayne's trauma-driven and justice-seeking transformation into Batman with the guidance of Jungian psychoanalysis and textual analysis of significant scenes and dialogues from the trilogy, the study reveals the psychological growth and symbolic meanings of these characters. The key finding presented in the study's result. Is that, according to Jung's theories of persona, shadow, and individuation, Bruce Wayne's internal struggle between his public persona and his shadow as Batman represents a profound psychological tension.
The Inner Conflict and Shadow Self in Estella’s Identity in Cruella (2021): A Jungian Literary Film Analysis Nurkumaila, Farah
LITERA KULTURA : Journal of Literary and Cultural Studies Vol. 13 No. 3 (2025): December
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Surabaya

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The film Cruella (2021) portrays the main character Estella as she navigates an inner conflict in her quest for identity. This research aims to analyze Estella’s identity struggle and transformation into Cruella through Carl Jung’s theory of the Shadow Self. Using a descriptive qualitative method, this study examines selected scenes and dialogues from the film as primary data. The findings reveal that Estella initially rejects her clever and ambitious side, but later embraces it as an integral part of her identity. This study contributes to a deeper understanding of how accepting one’s shadow can lead to personal power and narrative complexity.
“Everyday Resistance”: Women and Sexual Violence in Women Talking Film Suci
LITERA KULTURA : Journal of Literary and Cultural Studies Vol. 13 No. 3 (2025): December
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Surabaya

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The research analyses the women's resistance to sexual violence in religious communities. This research aims to understand how the portrayed sexual violence against women and how women resist to sexual violence in religious communities. The research method applied is the descriptive qualitative method. Resistance theory by James Scott, including Covert resistance and Public resistance also applied in this research. The results show that women in religious communities resist sexual violence, such as rape, that they have experienced for generations committed by men in the community. The resistance carried out is in the form of covert resistance and public resistance. Covert resistance is carried out by discussing in a closed room without any of the authorities knowing, the resistance is in the form of a hidden transcript so that it does not create any changes. Furthermore, public resistance is carried out openly and has an impact on both life and future changes. This research highlights women’s resistance against sexual violence and the importance of understanding of sexual violence against women’s in a male-dominated as portrayed in Women Talking.
Stephen Kumalo’s Individuation Process in Alan Paton’s Cry, the Beloved Country: Jungian Psychoanalysis Gogani, Daniel Rino
LITERA KULTURA : Journal of Literary and Cultural Studies Vol. 13 No. 3 (2025): December
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Surabaya

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This study explores a novel entitled Cry, the Beloved Country by South African writer Alan Paton. The purpose of this study is to analyze the literary work using Carl Gustav Jung's Jungian psychoanalytic approach. By focusing on archetype theory which is reflected in the interaction or social relationship between the main character, Stephen Kumalo and other characters such as, Teophilus Msimangu, James Jarvis, and Absalom Kumalo. In addition, this study also uses individuation theory to analyze Stephen Kumalo by focusing on his traditional and conservative cultural values that confront the modern and urban values of the big city of Johannesburg. The study found that the main character's social relationships with other characters reflect several archetypes such as, Hero, Shadow, Self, Wise Old Men, Father. In addition, Stephen Kumalo's individuation process can also be indicated as successful. It can be seen from how the main character shows a significant change by becoming a more mature, whole, and authentic person.
Trauma and Insecurity in Kimetsu no Yaiba: A Cognitive Psychology Study Riyanti, Alifiah
LITERA KULTURA : Journal of Literary and Cultural Studies Vol. 13 No. 3 (2025): December
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Surabaya

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This study examines how trauma and insecurity influence the cognitive processes and decision-making of characters in Kimetsu no Yaiba, using Aaron Beck’s cognitive psychology as the primary framework. Focusing on Giyuu Tomioka and Akaza, this research explores how their past experiences shape cognitive distortions, maladaptive schemas, and coping mechanisms. Data were gathered through close reading of the manga’s visual and narrative elements, then assessed using selected items from BDI-II and BAI to identify traits of trauma and insecurity. The findings reveal that trauma and insecurity profoundly shape the characters’ cognition and decisions. Giyuu’s unresolved guilt over his sister’s and Sabito’s deaths leads to self-doubt, emotional withdrawal, and a coping style marked by avoidance and social isolation, despite his position as the Water Pillar. Akaza’s life as Hakuji shows compounded grief from losing his father, Keizou, and Koyuki, resulting in intense rage and psychological decompensation. This culminates in dissociative amnesia after he becomes a demon, erasing memories tied to his trauma yet leaving an unconscious drive for strength to protect against further loss. Across the characters, trauma emerges as a catalyst for either destructive decisions or reluctant perseverance, shaping their journeys toward heroism or tragic downfall. This study highlights how unresolved sorrow and insecurity distort perception and guide choices, enriching the literary portrayal of guilt, vulnerability, resilience, and the silent struggles beneath outward strength.
The Architect of Prophecy: A Literary Analysis of Lady Jessica’s Religious Engineering in the Dune: Part Two Screenplay Salamun
LITERA KULTURA : Journal of Literary and Cultural Studies Vol. 13 No. 3 (2025): December
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Surabaya

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This research explores the mechanisms of "Religious Engineering" executed by Lady Jessica in the screenplay of Dune: Part Two by Denis Villeneuve and Jon Spaihts. While the narrative often focuses on Paul Atreides’ journey as the "Lisan al-Gaib," this study posits that his messianic status is a calculated political construct orchestrated by Lady Jessica. Utilizing a qualitative literary analysis with a focus on political dramaturgy and discourse analysis, the study examines key scenes and dialogues that reveal how Jessica hijacks indigenous Fremen spirituality to secure the hegemony of House Atreides. The findings identify four primary strategic pillars: the utilization of ritual as a tool for spiritual legitimacy, the strategic collaboration with her unborn daughter (Alia) as a "coalition partner," the geopolitical exploitation of Southern fundamentalism, and the manipulation of psychological confirmation bias in local leadership. Furthermore, this research highlights the antithesis provided by the character Chani, whose resistance exposes the "Missionaria Protectiva" as a form of colonial epistemic violence. Ultimately, this analysis concludes that religion in the Dune universe serves as a weaponized alien invention, where the "Holy War" is not a spontaneous religious awakening, but a controlled demolition of indigenous agency designed for political survival.
Female Bodies as Objects of Sexuality in Patriarchal Culture: An Analysis of Alice Munro’s “Lichen” Ningtyas, Sulistya; Ningrum, Sulistya
LITERA KULTURA : Journal of Literary and Cultural Studies Vol. 13 No. 3 (2025): December
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Surabaya

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This article examines the representation of female bodies as objects of male sexuality within a patriarchal framework in Alice Munro’s short story “Lichen” (1985). Using a feminist approach, this study applies Margaret Gullette’s theory of Age Ideology and Decline Narratives. The analysis explores how aging is constructed by culture and how the decline narratives of aging are repeatedly told in literature. Through the two contrasting, leading female characters, Munro portrays the objectification of female bodies: the older wife’s aging body is deemed unsatisfactory by her husband, while the young body of the second wife, encapsulated in a nude photograph, is reduced to an object for male gratification. Within the domestic sphere, the husband’s dominance over his wife reflects Canadian societal norms, which also becomes the setting of the story, where men are seen as leaders and women as submissive. The story’s title, “lichen,” a metaphor for female pubic hair, symbolizes the fleeting value placed on women’s bodies to satisfy male desires. Ultimately, Munro critiques cultural ideologies that perpetuate women’s objectification, challenging the social constructs that subordinate women to the sexual expectations of men.
The Locality of Indonesian Language and Literature in a Global World: Quo Vadis? Marwara, Heru
LITERA KULTURA : Journal of Literary and Cultural Studies Vol. 13 No. 3 (2025): December
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Surabaya

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This article examines the future and sustainability of Indonesian language and literature in the context of globality. It raises the critical question: quo vadis — where is the locality of Indonesian language-literature headed amid global pressures? Globalization, while offering opportunities, poses significant challenges to the maintenance of local values and cultural identity embedded in the language and literary expressions of Indonesia. Using a critical literature review approach, the study explores threats to and strategies for preserving the uniqueness of Indonesian language-literature, including adaptation to digital platforms, media convergence, international collaboration, and creative innovations in literary production and dissemination. The findings suggest that the sustainability of Indonesian language-literature depends heavily on its capacity for strategic adaptation, innovation, and active promotion, ensuring that local identity is preserved while engaging with global audiences.

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