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Jurnal Pijar MIPA
Published by Universitas Mataram
ISSN : 19071744     EISSN : 24601500     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Education,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Mathematics Physics
Jurnal Pijar MIPA (e-ISSN: 2460-1500 & p-ISSN: 1907-1744) is an open-access scientific periodical journal published by the Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA publishes original articles on current issues and trends in mathematics-science-science education studies. In addition, this journal addresses issues concerning environmental education and environmental science. The journal scopes are: a. Physics and Physics Education b. Chemistry and Chemistry Education c. Biology and Biology Education d. Natural Science and Science Education e. Mathematics and Mathematics Education f. Environmental and Environmental Education
Arjuna Subject : Umum - Umum
Articles 1,217 Documents
 118   119   120   121   122 
Analysis of the Needs for Developing Digital Learning Media to Improve Concept Mastery and Collaboration Dwinata, Candra; Saputri, Wulandari; Astriani, Meli
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 21 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA colaborates with Perkumpulan Pendidik IPA Indonesia Wilayah Nusa Tenggara Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v21i1.11161

Abstract

Education is currently one of the most important aspects of human life. Education is the process of developing students' abilities. The importance of developing learning media is that using them can help students understand complex, abstract material more simply. This study aims to analyze the need for learning media in biology material at MA Darussalam Lempuing OKI. This study employed quantitative descriptive analysis techniques. Data collection used a questionnaire, with subjects being 11th-grade students and biology teachers at MA Darussalam Lempuing, OKI. The sample for this study consisted of 30 students. The analysis showed that only 23% of activities supported student collaboration, and that 60% of students' conceptual understanding remained low. This was influenced by the use of less engaging learning media, such as PPT (50%), YouTube (33%), and visual aids (17%). Furthermore, the teaching method used by teachers remained dominated by lectures (57%), leading to student boredom and disinterest. Thus, a flashcard learning media integrated with augmented reality is needed to improve students' collaboration skills and their mastery of concepts through the TGT model.
Anti-infertility Effects of Zinc (Zn) Supplements on the Spermatozoa Quality of Rats (Rattus norvegicus L.) Exposed to Cigarette Smoke Harlis, Wa Ode; Rasna, Rasna Rostika; Karya, Adi; Resman, Resman
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 21 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA colaborates with Perkumpulan Pendidik IPA Indonesia Wilayah Nusa Tenggara Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v21i1.11165

Abstract

Cigarette smoke contains nicotine compounds (C10H14N2), tar and carbon monoxide (CO), which cause inhibition of Leydig cells, damage to seminiferous tubules and damage to spermatozoa cells. The aim of this study was to determine the anti-infertility effect of Zinc supplements on the quality of Wistar rat (Rattus norvegicus L.) spermatozoa exposed to cigarette smoke. This research is an experimental study consisting of 4 treatments with 3 replications: Control (drinking water), P1 (14 mg/g BW), P2 (28 mg/g BW), and P3 (42 mg/g BW) Zinc. Exposure to cigarette smoke was carried out twice a day for 14 days in all treatments, and zinc was given for 14 days in treatments P1, P2 and P3. On the 29th day, mice were sacrificed by anesthesia using chloroform and dissected to observe the quality of spermatozoa with parameters of motility, viability and morphology. Data were analyzed using ANOVA (Analysis of Varience) and the BNT test with a 95% confidence level. The results showed that Zinc supplementation in treatments P1 and P2 significantly improved spermatozoa quality, whereas in P3 it decreased significantly. The conclusion of this study is that Zinc (Zn) supplements at a dose of 14 mg/g BW (P1) and a dose of 28 mg/g BW (P2) have an anti-infertility effect by improving the quality of rat spermatozoa that have been exposed to cigarette smoke. The results of this research can be important information for improving male reproduction due to exposure to free radicals from cigarette smoke.
Effect of the Argument-Driven Inquiry (ADI) Learning Model on Improving Students Argumentation Abilities Tahir, Indrawati; Odja, Abdul Haris; Paramata, Dewi Diana
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 21 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA colaborates with Perkumpulan Pendidik IPA Indonesia Wilayah Nusa Tenggara Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v21i1.11172

Abstract

The Argument-Driven Inquiry (ADI) learning model is designed to provide students with opportunities to improve their methods of data collection, investigation, writing, answering investigative questions, and critical thinking. The ADI model also allows participants to participate in scientific debates and peer review. This study used a quasi-experimental one-group pretest-posttest design. Data were collected through a pretest and posttest comprising 10 essay questions, which were validated by expert lecturers and tested for validity and reliability. The data obtained from the tests were analyzed using test statistics, namely the Kolmogorov-Smirnov normality test, hypothesis testing, and n-gain analysis. The results showed that the average posttest scores in the experimental class across replications 1 and 2 were 84.5 and 83.7, respectively. Analysis using a t-test confirmed that the argumentation ability of class XI MAN 1 Boalemo students on the sound wave material taught using the Argument Driven Inquiry (ADI) model was significantly higher than the KKM of 70. The magnitude of the influence of the use of the Argument Driven Inquiry (ADI) model was also shown by the course average normalized gain per class, with the magnitude of the gain of the three classes consistently being in the high category, namely 0.77 for the experimental class, 0.77 for replication class 1, and 0.76 for replication class 2. The statistical test in this study shows that the calculated t-value (thitung) exceeds the critical t-value (ttabel) at the 5% significance level. This indicates a significant difference between students’ pre-test and post-test argumentation skills. These findings are consistent with various previous studies.
Item Analysis of the Minimum Competency Assessment in Science Subjects at the Junior High School Level Salsabila, Durriyatus
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 21 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA colaborates with Perkumpulan Pendidik IPA Indonesia Wilayah Nusa Tenggara Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v21i1.11243

Abstract

Minimum Competency Assessment (MCA), known in Indonesia as Asesmen Kompetensi Minimum (AKM), is a national assessment of basic mastery that students must complete. Teachers must be able to compile MCA questions that accurately measure student knowledge. Well-written questions are crucial for creating high-quality assessments. This study analyzes the quality of MCA items on the topic of linear motion in science education at a junior high school in Surabaya. The study aims to evaluate multiple-choice questions using key psychometric parameters, such as validity, reliability, difficulty index, discrimination index, and distractor efficiency. The questions were created by the author and administered to 15 ninth-grade students on 8 May 2024. The analysis used descriptive quantitative methods, and data processing was performed in Microsoft Excel. The results showed that only 4 of 10 items were valid, and the overall reliability coefficient was low (KR-20 = 0.213). Based on the difficulty index, six items were categorized as moderate, three were difficult, and one was easy. The discrimination index analysis revealed that five items had good to excellent discrimination power, whereas others showed poor discrimination and required revision. Distractor efficiency analysis indicated that several distractors were non-functional, particularly in items with low discrimination indices. These findings imply that although some MCA items are suitable for use, many require improvement to ensure accurate, reliable, and diagnostic measurement of student competencies. The study highlights the importance of item analysis as a basis for improving the design of MCA-based assessments in science education.
Synthesis, Characterization, and Antibacterial Activity Test of Chitosan–Nanosilver–Black Cumin Seed Oil (Nigella sativa) Gel Preparation against Staphylococcus aureus Bacteria Mustofa, Mohammad Nurul; Cahyaningrum, Sari Edi
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 21 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA colaborates with Perkumpulan Pendidik IPA Indonesia Wilayah Nusa Tenggara Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v21i1.11306

Abstract

The skin is the outermost organ of the human body and functions as a protective barrier against environmental factors, making it susceptible to wounds caused by physical trauma and microbial infections. One pathogenic bacterium frequently associated with skin disorders such as boils, acne, and wound infections is Staphylococcus aureus. Therefore, topical formulations are required to prevent and manage infection. The combination of chitosan, nanosilver, and black cumin oil exhibits antibacterial activity and biocompatibility. This study aimed to evaluate the characteristics and antibacterial activity of a chitosan–nanosilver–black cumin oil gel against Staphylococcus aureus. The gel was formulated in five variations containing black cumin oil concentrations of 3%, 4%, 5%, 6%, and 7%. Chemical characterization was performed using Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy to identify functional groups, while nanosilver particle size was analyzed using a Particle Size Analyzer. Physical evaluation included a pH measurement to assess compatibility with the skin's pH. Antibacterial activity was determined by the disc diffusion method, measuring inhibition zone diameters. The Particle Size Analyzer results showed an average nanosilver particle size of 31.54 nm. FTIR analysis of the chitosan–nanosilver system confirmed the presence of O–H, N–H, C–H, and C=O functional groups, while FTIR characterization of black cumin oil confirmed the presence of functional groups associated with C–H stretching, C=O, C–O, and =C–H bending. The formulated gel exhibited a pH of 5.12–5.72, within the physiological pH range of human skin. Antibacterial testing demonstrated that inhibitory activity increased with increasing black cumin oil concentration, with the largest inhibition zone observed in the 7% formulation (21.67 mm). These findings indicate that chitosan–nanosilver–black cumin oil gel has potential for development as an antibacterial formulation.
Inventory of the Genus Bougainvillea (Nyctaginaceae) at Bukit Bougenville Agrotourism Park, Singkawang, West Kalimantan Ayu, Nambisas Arum Kusuma; Astuti, Widya; Isyatirradhiyah, Isyatirradhiyah; Faturrahman, Mas Akhbar; Fajri, Hayatul
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 21 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA colaborates with Perkumpulan Pendidik IPA Indonesia Wilayah Nusa Tenggara Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v21i1.11330

Abstract

The high level of biodiversity Indonesia contains is a prestigious national treasure. One type of biodiversity found in Indonesia is plant diversity. Plant diversity is inevitable due to their use as ornamental plants. Among many ornamental plants famous in Indonesia, the genus Bougainvillea Comm. ex Juss is known globally for its essential role in horticulture development. Bukit Bougenville Agrotourism Park, located in Sijangkung Subdistrict, South Singkawang District, Singkawang City, West Kalimantan Province, maintains a diverse and abundant collection of cultivated Bougainvillea plants, which can serve as an important resource for investigating Bougainvillea diversity. To date, no research has inventoried the diversity of Bougainvillea in Bukit Bougenville Agrotourism Park. Therefore, this research aims to inventory and identify members of the Bougainvillea genus found in Bukit Bougenville Agrotourism Park. Using a qualitative method, this research involved the Bougainvillea members at the research site, sampled using convenience sampling due to the vast area. The research is then continued with identification based on morphology, supported by various peer-reviewed literature. The identification process revealed two species: Bougainvillea spectabilis Willd., both in non-variegated and variegated forms, and Bougainvillea glabra Choisy. The sampling also revealed substantial numbers of each species in Bukit Bougenville Agrotourism Park: B. spectabilis in non-variegated form, totalling 237 individuals; B. spectabilis in variegated form, totalling 126 individuals; and B. glabra, totalling 53 individuals, for a total of 416 individuals encountered throughout the sampling period. The identification and abundance of the two species indicate that the area has favorable ecological conditions for cultivating Bougainvillea, supporting its role as a specialized agrotourism destination. Overall, the results provide a baseline inventory for future planning regarding conservation, landscape management, and ornamental plant breeding programs. Moreover, the documented species composition can inform agrotourism development strategies, including educational interpretation, biodiversity-based tourism promotion, and sustainable plant management practices.
Valorization of Kintamani Arabica Coffee Pulp as a Functional Food Ingredient: Integrating Environmental Risk Reduction and Antioxidant Potential Rabani RS, I Gusti Agung Yogi; Antares, Ardhinata; Prawitasari, Ida Ayu Agung; Putra, I Nyoman Arya Maha
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 21 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA colaborates with Perkumpulan Pendidik IPA Indonesia Wilayah Nusa Tenggara Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v21i1.11458

Abstract

The increasing production of Arabica coffee in the Kintamani region, Bali, has led to a proportional rise in coffee pulp waste, which remains inadequately managed. This study aims to evaluate the potential of Kintamani Arabica coffee pulp as a functional food raw material while simultaneously assessing its role in environmental risk mitigation through a zero-waste approach. Laboratory experiments were conducted to determine total phenolic content and antioxidant activity using the DPPH method, while a semi-quantitative Environmental Risk Assessment (ERA) was applied to evaluate pollution risks associated with coffee pulp disposal. The results demonstrated that coffee pulp contains phenolic bioactive compounds with very strong antioxidant activity (IC₅₀ = 13.96 ppm), comparable to established antioxidant-rich agricultural by-products. From an environmental perspective, converting coffee pulp into cascara (coffee pulp tea) reduced odor-related gas emission and groundwater contamination risks from high to low categories, achieving an overall risk reduction exceeding 75%. This study uniquely integrates functional food characterization with environmental risk assessment, providing scientific evidence that coffee pulp valorization supports circular economy strategies and sustainable coffee production systems.
Effect of Using Audiovisual Learning Media Based on the Canva Application on Students Science Learning Outcomes Husna, Nurul; Sauqina, Sauqina; Khairunnisa, Yasmine
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 21 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA colaborates with Perkumpulan Pendidik IPA Indonesia Wilayah Nusa Tenggara Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v21i1.11401

Abstract

In response to the growing need for innovative and technology-integrated instructional strategies in science education. This study aims to analyze the effect of using the Canva application-based audiovisual learning media on the science learning outcomes of seventh-grade students on the material of changes in the state of matter. The method applied is a quasi-experiment with a nonequivalent control group design. The population includes all seventh-grade students of SMP Negeri 1 Banjarmasin. Through convenience sampling, a research sample of 60 people was obtained: 30 in class VII D (control) and 30 in class VII E (experimental). Data were collected through a validated, reliable learning outcome test. The data analysis techniques used in this study include calculating averages and standard deviations, performing normality and homogeneity tests, and conducting hypothesis tests. Hypothesis testing in this study was conducted using ANCOVA (Analysis of Covariance). The results of the hypothesis test showed a Sig. value of 0.001 <0.05, with an effect size of 0.171, which is classified as a small category. Therefore, the decision was made to reject H0 and accept H1. The conclusion of this study is that the use of audiovisual learning media in the Canva application affects the science learning outcomes of grade VII students on the material on changes in state of matter.
Deployment of Augmented Reality Across Science Topics in Junior High School: A Review Noviani, Annisa; Eralita, Norma
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 21 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA colaborates with Perkumpulan Pendidik IPA Indonesia Wilayah Nusa Tenggara Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v21i1.11405

Abstract

The practical application of science education often encounters various challenges, particularly in conveying abstract scientific concepts in a tangible and meaningful manner for students. Many concepts in junior high school science, such as astronomical phenomena, biological structures, and environmental systems, are inherently abstract and difficult to visualize through conventional instructional approaches. Augmented Reality (AR) offers opportunities to integrate virtual and real environments, enabling abstract scientific concepts to be represented in interactive, visual forms that may support conceptual understanding and student engagement. This study aims to describe and explain patterns of Augmented Reality (AR) utilization across science topics in junior high school education in Indonesia. A Systematic Literature Review (SLR) was conducted following the PRISMA protocol to ensure transparency and rigor in the review process. A comprehensive literature search was conducted across Google Scholar, Scopus, and ERIC databases. Of the 874 articles identified, 17 studies met the predetermined inclusion criteria and were selected for data synthesis. The findings indicate that research on AR-based learning media at the junior high school level in Indonesia remains relatively limited, with much of it focused on specific science topics. The structure and function of living organisms and the solar system were the most covered topics, with 4 articles (31%) and 3 articles (23%), respectively, while other topics each had 1 article (7.7%). In contrast, earth and environmental science topics, including ecology and biodiversity, receive comparatively less attention. This review is limited to open-access studies conducted in Indonesia between 2016 and 2025 and focuses exclusively on junior high school science education. The results of this study provide an overview of current research tendencies and may serve as a reference for future studies seeking to examine AR implementation more comprehensively.
Design of a Chemical Literacy Test Instrument on Atomic Structure Material for Senior High School Students Faizah, Siti; Yerimadesi, Yerimadesi; Yuhelman, Nofri; Iryani, Iryani
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 21 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA colaborates with Perkumpulan Pendidik IPA Indonesia Wilayah Nusa Tenggara Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v21i1.11447

Abstract

The low level of chemical literacy in Indonesia, reflected in PISA 2022 scores below the average, is driven by the limited use of literacy-based assessments and restricted access to proper evaluation instruments. This study aims to develop and validate a chemical literacy test instrument specifically designed for atomic structure material for Senior high School students, utilizing the Rasch model for rigorous psychometric analysis. Unlike previous studies that often integrate multiple chemistry topics, this research provides a specialized focus exclusively on atomic structure, featuring five contextual narratives and one infographic across seven essay items to capture deep conceptual understanding. This Research and Development (R&D) employed purposive sampling of students at SMA N 7 Padang. Data were analyzed using Content Validity Ratio (CVR) for logical validity and Rasch modelling via Ministep software for empirical validation. The Rasch model was selected over classical test theory to ensure linear measurement of both item difficulty and student ability. SME evaluations confirmed the logical validity of all items. Empirical analysis showed that although some items exhibited higher outfit values, they were retained because of strong point-measure correlations with the measured construct. Item reliability was categorized as good, person reliability as fair, and Cronbach’s alpha was categorized as good. The instrument effectively categorized item difficulty and student discrimination power into three ability levels (high, medium, and low). The resulting seven-item instrument is valid, reliable, and practically feasible for educators to integrate into formative assessments to measure students' chemical literacy in atomic structure.

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