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Jurnal Pijar MIPA
Published by Universitas Mataram
ISSN : 19071744     EISSN : 24601500     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Education,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Mathematics Physics
Jurnal Pijar MIPA (e-ISSN: 2460-1500 & p-ISSN: 1907-1744) is an open-access scientific periodical journal published by the Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA publishes original articles on current issues and trends in mathematics-science-science education studies. In addition, this journal addresses issues concerning environmental education and environmental science. The journal scopes are: a. Physics and Physics Education b. Chemistry and Chemistry Education c. Biology and Biology Education d. Natural Science and Science Education e. Mathematics and Mathematics Education f. Environmental and Environmental Education
Arjuna Subject : Umum - Umum
Articles 1,217 Documents
 118   119   120   121   122 
Development of Interactive Multimedia Based on Problem-Based Learning in the material on the Form of Substances and Their Changes to Improve Science learning Outcomes Auliya, Shindy; Andriani, Aldina Eka
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 21 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA colaborates with Perkumpulan Pendidik IPA Indonesia Wilayah Nusa Tenggara Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v21i1.11496

Abstract

The utilization of technology-based learning media by teachers has not been done optimally, resulting in low student learning outcomes, which is reflected in 64% of students who do not meet the Learning Objectives Achievement Criteria (KKTP). This study aims to describe the development design and to test the feasibility and effectiveness of an interactive multimedia program based on Problem-Based Learning to improve the learning outcomes of fourth-grade students at SDN Ngaliyan 03, Semarang City. This type of research is Research and Development (R&D) with the ADDIE development model. Twenty-eight fourth-graders from SDN Ngaliyan 03 in Semarang City served as the research subjects. Both tests (pretest and posttest) and non-test methods (observation, interviews, questionnaires, and documentation) were used to collect data. N-Gain, t-tests, and normality tests were used in data analysis. The results of the study showed that an interactive multimedia module on changes in the state of matter, developed using Problem-Based Learning syntax, was accompanied by the use of the PhET Colorado virtual laboratory as a learning stimulus through virtual experiments. Expert validation showed a feasibility level of 91.66% from material experts and 93.75% from media experts, with a very feasible category, reinforced by teacher responses of 92% and student responses of 95% which were also in the very feasible category. The effectiveness of the media is shown by an increase in pretest and posttest scores of 38.40, a t-test result of 0.000, and an N-Gain value of 0.6720, meeting moderate criteria. Based on this research, it can be concluded that an interactive multimedia Problem-Based Learning module on states of matter and their changes has been successfully developed, is highly feasible, and is effective in improving fourth-grade students' science learning outcomes at SDN Ngaliyan 03, Semarang City.
The Relationship Between Soil Nitrogen Content and Soil Magnetic Susceptibility in UHO Agricultural Land Fatima, Wa Ode; Asni, Asni; Yfandi, Wa Ode Findi Asnalda; Taporanggi, Wa Ode Nur Asmi; Sina, Wa; Aisyah, Pratiwi Nur; Risna, Risna
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 21 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA colaborates with Perkumpulan Pendidik IPA Indonesia Wilayah Nusa Tenggara Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v21i1.11516

Abstract

Soil plays an important role in supporting agricultural productivity through the availability of nutrients, particularly nitrogen, which affects plant growth and soil fertility. This study aims to determine the relationship between soil nitrogen content and soil magnetic susceptibility on agricultural land at Halu Oleo University (UHO) planted with corn, long beans, and chili peppers. Soil samples were collected at depths of 0 cm and 30 cm. Nitrogen content was analyzed using a spectrophotometer, while magnetic susceptibility was measured using an MS2B-type susceptibility meter. The results showed that both nitrogen content and soil magnetic susceptibility were higher in the surface layer and decreased at 30 cm. This indicates a relationship between soil nitrogen content and soil magnetic properties. In conclusion, nitrogen content influences variations in soil magnetic susceptibility. This study contributes to the development of a rapid, non-destructive alternative method for assessing soil fertility in agricultural land.
Nanoherbal from Ethanol Extract of Dutch Teak Leaves (Guazuma ulmifolia Lamk.) and Antibacterial Potential Against Echerichia coli Larasati, Widya Dwi; Sutoyo, Suyatno; Arizandy, Radita Yuniar; Setyarini, Wahyu
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 21 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA colaborates with Perkumpulan Pendidik IPA Indonesia Wilayah Nusa Tenggara Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v21i1.11533

Abstract

Guazuma ulmifolia Lamk. leaves, commonly known as Dutch teak leaves, are a medicinal plant traditionally used to treat diarrhea, infections, obesity, diabetes, and hypertension. Dutch teak leaves contain secondary metabolite compounds, including alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, steroids, triterpenoids, tannins, phenolics, and glycosides. The presence of these compounds suggests that Dutch teak leaves have potential antibacterial activity. Herbal extracts have a limitation: low bioavailability. Therefore, nanoherbal formulations are used to improve their bioavailability. Nanoherbal is a nanoparticle made from plants. Nanoherbal can increase the surface area of medicinal herbs, thereby enhancing the solubility of compounds in the body. This study aims to determine the characteristics of nanoherbal derived from the ethanol extract of Dutch teak leaves and its antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli. The nanoherbal was synthesized using the ionic gelation method, employing alginate as the polyelectrolyte polymer and calcium chloride (CaCl₂) as the crosslinking agent. Four CaCl₂ concentrations were used: F1 (0.005%), F2 (0.01%), F3 (0.02%), and F4 (0.03%). Nanoherbal characterization, including particle size, zeta potential, and functional groups. The optimal nanoherbal formulation (F4) exhibited a particle size of 314.06 nm, a polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.0990, and a zeta potential of -131 mV. The FTIR spectra of nanoherbal showed a decrease in transmittance in the O-H, symmetric, and asymmetric COO- bands. The antibacterial activity was evaluated using the disc diffusion method. All treatments were conducted in triplicate, and results were expressed as average inhibition zone diameters (mm) and analyzed descriptively. The antibacterial activity test showed that the synthesized nanoherbal exhibited very strong activity against Escherichia coli, with an inhibition zone diameter of 23.65 mm. The synthesized nanoherbal showed a larger inhibition zone compared to the extract and alginate.
The Effectiveness of Guided Inquiry Through Flashcard Media on Force Material to Important Critical Thinking Skills of Elementary School Students Suryani, Ani; Widiyono, Aan
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 21 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA colaborates with Perkumpulan Pendidik IPA Indonesia Wilayah Nusa Tenggara Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v21i1.11567

Abstract

Critical thinking skills are essential 21st-century competencies that students must master. However, the results of PISA 2022 show that Indonesian students scored only 383 in science, far below the OECD average of 489, indicating weak analytical and problem-solving abilities. This study was motivated by persistent challenges in developing critical thinking skills among Indonesian elementary students, as indicated by consistently low PISA scores. It investigates the effectiveness of integrating the Guided Inquiry learning model with flashcards to enhance fourth-grade students' critical thinking skills, specifically regarding the abstract topic of force in science. Employing a pre-experimental design with a one-group pretest-posttest method, the research involved 30 purposively selected students from SD Negeri 3 Kalipucangkulon. Data were collected through critical thinking skill tests and analyzed using the Paired Samples T-Test, Cohen's d for effect size, and supported by the Shapiro-Wilk normality test. The results revealed a statistically significant and substantial improvement: the mean pretest score of 51.0 (SD=15.11) increased to 77.1 (SD=5.00) in the posttest, with a mean difference of 26.1 points. Statistical analysis confirmed a highly significant difference (t(29) = -11.0, p < 0.001) and a very large effect size (Cohen's d = 2.01). These findings demonstrate that the synergistic combination of Guided Inquiry's investigative framework and the concrete, engaging nature of flashcard media is highly effective in fostering students' analytical, evaluative, and inferential skills. The study concludes that this integrated strategy offers a practical and impactful approach to creating interactive, higher-order thinking-oriented science learning in elementary schools, addressing a crucial gap in 21st-century science education. The limitations of this study, particularly the lack of a control group, highlight the necessity for subsequent research employing more rigorous designs.
Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles Using Ascorbic Acid Bioreductor and Its Effect on Human Blood Pressure Aisyah Cici Dwi Rahmadhani; Titik Taufikurohmah
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 21 No. 2 (2026): in Progress
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA colaborates with Perkumpulan Pendidik IPA Indonesia Wilayah Nusa Tenggara Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v21i2.11331

Abstract

Blood pressure is an important factor in the circulatory system and should be within the normal range of 90-140/60-90 mmHg. Blood pressure imbalances, such as hypertension and hypotension, can be caused by an unhealthy lifestyle, poor diet, or chronic illness. These conditions can trigger oxidative stress, which is an imbalance between the production of free radicals and the body's ability to neutralize them. Oxidative stress can damage cells and tissues, including blood vessels. Therefore, antioxidant intake is needed to help prevent further damage and maintain stable blood pressure. One innovative approach in blood pressure management is the use of gold nanoparticles, which have antioxidant activity. This study aims to characterize gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) synthesized using ascorbic acid bioreductors and examine the effect of their injection on human blood pressure. Characterization was performed using UV-Vis and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), showing a maximum wavelength of 523.50 nm and an average particle diameter of 6.45 nm. Gold nanoparticles were injected intravenously at a dose of 200 mL every week. The results of the study indicate that the administration of gold nanoparticles significantly lowers blood pressure, as shown by the Paired T-Test, which shows an average decrease of 12.6 mmHg (95% CI: 5.1–20.1) and a p-value of 0.004. Based on the blood pressure trend graph, it was found that hypertensive volunteers' blood pressure decreased to normal levels, hypotensive volunteers' blood pressure increased to normal levels, and volunteers with normal blood pressure remained stable. Microscopic analysis showed a higher number of white blood cells in hypertensive volunteers compared to volunteers with normal blood pressure.
Effect of Praener in the Contextual Teaching and Learning Model on the Sciences Learning Outcomes of Elementary School Students Mely Rohmawati; Yuni Ratnasari; Sekar Dwi Ardianti
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 21 No. 2 (2026): in Progress
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA colaborates with Perkumpulan Pendidik IPA Indonesia Wilayah Nusa Tenggara Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v21i2.11544

Abstract

Science education at the elementary school level requires a connection between students' direct experiences and scientific concepts in order to create meaningful understanding. Although the Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) model has been widely implemented to improve learning outcomes, most studies still focus on the core stage of learning and do not clearly emphasize strengthening the early phase as a systematic strategy to prepare students' cognition. This gap is the background for this study, which aims to evaluate the novelty of Praener (energy practices) as reinforcement of the early phase in the CTL model to build initial schemas and conceptual bridges before the implementation of core learning. This study aims to analyze the use of Praener in the CTL model on the science learning outcomes of third-grade students regarding the introduction to energy forms. The method used was a quantitative approach with a one-group pretest-posttest pre-experimental design involving 23 third-grade students at SD 4 Gondangmanis in the 2025/2026 academic year. Data were collected through tests, observations, interviews, and documentation, then analyzed using a paired sample t-test and N-Gain test. The results of the study showed a significant difference between the pretest and posttest scores, with an average increase from 48.95 to 83.65 and an N-Gain score of 0.6948, which is classified as moderate (quite effective). This improvement occurred evenly across cognitive levels C1 to C6 and was particularly high in process skills. These findings confirm that Praener is effective in strengthening cognitive readiness and have practical implications for teachers, who can systematically integrate early experiences into CTL learning to make it more contextual and meaningful.
The First Record of Anax parthenope (Selys, 1839) (Odonata: Aeshnidae) from the Outskirts of Jamshedpur, Jharkhand, India Raja Ghosh; Md Abu Imran Mallick; Shaba Alam Ansari
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 21 No. 2 (2026): in Progress
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA colaborates with Perkumpulan Pendidik IPA Indonesia Wilayah Nusa Tenggara Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v21i2.11570

Abstract

Odonates are widely recognized as effective bioindicators of freshwater ecosystem health, yet their diversity and distribution remain inadequately documented in several parts of eastern India. Anax parthenope (Selys, 1839) (Odonata: Aeshnidae), a broadly distributed species across Asia, Europe, and Africa, has limited confirmed records from this region. The present study aims to document the first confirmed occurrence of A. parthenope from the outskirts of Jamshedpur, Jharkhand, India. An adult male was opportunistically observed and photographed near a semi-permanent freshwater body at Kudada village (22.7076° N, 86.2033° E) in October 2020. Species identification was achieved through comparative morphological analysis using standard taxonomic keys, focusing on diagnostic characters of the thorax, abdomen, and anal appendages. This record represents a new locality for the species in Jharkhand and extends its known distribution within eastern India. The finding underscores the ecological value of peri-urban wetlands as habitats for odonates and highlights the need for systematic, long-term surveys to improve baseline data on odonate diversity and support freshwater biodiversity conservation in the region.
Induced Ovulation and Spawning in African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus) Using Different Doses of Ovaprim Fouzi A. Mohamed; Ramzy A. Yousif; Ahmed A. Mohamed; Babeker I. Osman; Tajaldeen M. Abdalmwla
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 21 No. 2 (2026): in Progress
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA colaborates with Perkumpulan Pendidik IPA Indonesia Wilayah Nusa Tenggara Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v21i2.11681

Abstract

The African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) is a cornerstone of tropical aquaculture, yet its reliance on induced spawning requires optimized hormonal protocols and broodstock management. This study investigated the effects of varying Ovaprim dosages and female-to-male broodstock ratios on the spawning success of C. gariepinus at the Fish Hatchery Unit, Sudan University of Science and Technology. Three treatments were evaluated: Treatment 1 (2:3 male : female ratio, 3.3 ml/kg Ovaprim), Treatment 2 (1:3 male : female ratio, 5 ml/kg Ovaprim), and Treatment 3 (2:3 male : female ratio, 3.7 ml/kg Ovaprim). Broodstock were conditioned for one week and fed a 2.5% body weight diet twice daily. The hormone was administered via intramuscular injection, and reproductive parameters, including latency period, ovulation rate, fertilization rate, and hatchability, were recorded. Data were summarized using descriptive statistics and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) to determine differences among treatments. The results demonstrated that Treatment 2 yielded significantly superior results, achieving a 50% larval production rate and a 10% survival rate, whereas Treatments 1 and 3 failed to produce any hatched larvae despite successful fertilization. This suggests that a 1:3 male-to-female ratio combined with a higher dosage (5 ml/kg) may overcome environmental or physiological latency in the Sudanese context. These findings emphasize the necessity of balancing hormonal induction with appropriate sex ratios to ensure hatchery sustainability.
Development of IPA Learning Module Using STEMK WASAKA Learning Model to Improve Learning Outcomes Rabiatul Adawiyah; Syubhan Annur; Mella Mutika Sari
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 21 No. 2 (2026): in Progress
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA colaborates with Perkumpulan Pendidik IPA Indonesia Wilayah Nusa Tenggara Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v21i2.10086

Abstract

The way students learn science at SMP Negeri 1 Tabunganen is mostly through lectures and is teacher-focused, which leads to poor learning results, students not being actively involved, and trouble understanding the human digestive system. Because of this, researchers decided to create a science learning module using the STEMK WASAKA model, which emphasises responsibility, discipline, and cooperation. The study aims to check if this module is valid, practical, and effective for teaching the human digestive system. The method used was Research and Development (R&D) with the ADDIE model (Analyze, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation). The students involved were from the eighth grade at SMP Negeri 1 Tabunganen. Data was collected using expert validation sheets, student feedback questionnaires, and pretests and posttests. The results showed that the module had moderate validity (average score of 0. 758), high reliability (α = 0. 745), very high practicality (86. 91%), and sufficient effectiveness with an N-gain value of 0. 65. Therefore, the STEMK WASAKA-based science learning module is considered valid, practical, and effective enough to help improve student understanding of the human digestive system.
The Effectiveness of Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) and NSAID-Analgesic Combinations in Optimizing Postoperative Pain Management: A Review Elsyifa Salsabila; Mally Ghinan Sholih; Diyanah Fauziah Tamimah
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 21 No. 2 (2026): in Progress
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA colaborates with Perkumpulan Pendidik IPA Indonesia Wilayah Nusa Tenggara Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v21i2.10654

Abstract

Postoperative pain is a common clinical problem resulting from tissue trauma and inflammatory responses, which can hinder patient recovery. One of the most widely used pharmacological therapies is Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs), either as monotherapy or in combination with other analgesics. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of NSAIDs, both as single agents and in combination therapy, in reducing postoperative pain. The study employed a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method, with literature searches conducted in the PubMed and Google Scholar databases. A total of 588 articles were identified, of which 20 studies met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed using a narrative synthesis approach based on pain intensity parameters, including the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and Numeric Rating Scale (NRS). The results indicate that NSAIDs such as ketorolac, ketoprofen, ibuprofen, diclofenac sodium, and dexketoprofen trometamol effectively reduced postoperative pain intensity, with several studies reporting a decrease in VAS scores from moderate pain levels (VAS >4) to mild pain levels (VAS <2) within 24 hours postoperatively. Furthermore, combination therapy of NSAIDs with paracetamol or tramadol demonstrated superior analgesic efficacy, longer pain-free duration, and reduced opioid requirements compared to NSAID monotherapy, without a significant increase in adverse effects. NSAIDs are effective in postoperative pain management. Combination therapy with other analgesics such as paracetamol or tramadol provides more optimal outcomes compared to monotherapy. However, the selection of analgesic agents, dosage, and duration of therapy should be individualized according to the patient’s clinical condition to ensure both safety and therapeutic effectiveness.

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