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Jurnal Pijar MIPA
Published by Universitas Mataram
ISSN : 19071744     EISSN : 24601500     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Education,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Mathematics Physics
Jurnal Pijar MIPA (e-ISSN: 2460-1500 & p-ISSN: 1907-1744) is an open-access scientific periodical journal published by the Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA publishes original articles on current issues and trends in mathematics-science-science education studies. In addition, this journal addresses issues concerning environmental education and environmental science. The journal scopes are: a. Physics and Physics Education b. Chemistry and Chemistry Education c. Biology and Biology Education d. Natural Science and Science Education e. Mathematics and Mathematics Education f. Environmental and Environmental Education
Arjuna Subject : Umum - Umum
Articles 1,179 Documents
 78   79   80   81   82 
Analysis of Bacterial Characteristics Using the Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy Method Dasmasela, Evangelista Militchia Christy; Sugianto, Wahyu; Nur’aidha, Amalia Cemara
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 19 No. 5 (2024): September 2024
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA colaborates with Perkumpulan Pendidik IPA Indonesia Wilayah Nusa Tenggara Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v19i5.7061

Abstract

Microorganisms have various shapes, structures, and characteristics. This study uses the method of electrical impedance spectroscopy aimed at identifying and comparing the characteristics of Escherichia Coli, Salmonella Typhi, and Staphylococcus Aureus. Measurements from 1 Hz to 100,000 Hz show that Salmonella Typhi has the highest impedance value at low frequencies. In contrast, Escherichia Coli impedance decreases consistently, and Staphylococcus Aureus decreases sharply after 10 Hz. Significant changes are observed in the mid-frequency range of 100 Hz to 1000 Hz, with Salmonella Typhi showing the highest impedance values at 100 Hz compared to Staphylococcus Aureus and Escherichia Coli. At 100 Hz, Salmonella Typhi has the highest impedance value with a mass of 0,06 grams at approximately 39.000 Ohms, 0,08 grams at 35.000 Ohm, and 10 grams at 34.000 Ohm. This is followed by Staphylococcus Aureus, with a mass 0f 0,06 grams having an impedance value of  23.000 Ohms, 0,08 grams having a high impedance value of 31.000 Ohm, and 0,10 grams having an impedance value of 15.000 Ohm. Escherichia Coli, with a mass of 0.06 grams, has an impedance value of  9.000 Ohms, 0,08 grams with an impedance value of  5.000 Ohms, and 0,10 grams has an impedance value of 5.000 Ohms. Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy is effective for identifying and comparing Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureu, and Salmonella typhi as the intrinsic characteristics of bacterial cells more influence impedance than bacterial mass.
Development of Performance Assessment Instrument to Measure Students Laboratory Skills in Thermochemistry Practicum Exothermic and Endothermic Reactions Oktavilani, Nabila Defti; Agustini, Rudiana
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 19 No. 5 (2024): September 2024
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA colaborates with Perkumpulan Pendidik IPA Indonesia Wilayah Nusa Tenggara Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v19i5.7069

Abstract

This development research was conducted to produce a performance assessment instrument that is feasible to use to measure students' laboratory skills in thermochemical practicum activities for exotherm and endotherm reactions based on field investigations and literature reviews that have been completed. The feasibility of performance assessment instruments is reviewed on validity, reliability, and practicality. The type of research used is research and development (Research and Development) with the 4-D method. The validity data was obtained using a validation questionnaire from the validator's assessment. Reliability data was obtained from student laboratory skills scores from two assessors. Affectivity data is obtained from the educator response questionnaire filled out by educators after using the performance assessment instrument. The validity results showed that the aspects of the content component of the performance assessment instrument were declared valid, the presentation feasibility aspect was declared valid, the physical criteria aspect was declared valid, the illustration aspect was declared valid, and the language aspect was declared valid. Reliability results based on the inter-rater reliability analysis obtained a kappa coefficient 0.739 with excellent agreement. Practicality results based on educator responses that received a percentage of 100% with very good criteria. Based on the results of the performance assessment instrument's validity, reliability, and practicality, it is declared feasible to use it to measure the science process skills of students in the laboratory.
Comparative Characteristics of Electrolyte Solutions Using Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy Method Fathia D.S, Adinda Fajar Mila; Sugianto, Wahyu; Setiana, Mira
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 19 No. 5 (2024): September 2024
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA colaborates with Perkumpulan Pendidik IPA Indonesia Wilayah Nusa Tenggara Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v19i5.7090

Abstract

Electrolyte solutions can conduct electric current and help maintain balance in the human body. This study compares the electrical impedance characteristics of various electrolyte solutions using the Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) method. Three types of electrolyte solutions were tested: NaCl solution, Ringer’s Lactate (RL) solution, and Simulated Body Fluid (SBF) solution with concentration variations of 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100%. Measurements were conducted over a frequency range from 1 Hz to 1 MHz to compare electrolyte solutions using a frequency of 10 kHz with an electric current of 50 μA. At a frequency of 10 kHz, a comparison of the three types of electrolyte solutions with concentration variations from 20% to 100% was made. The measurement result showed that the NaCl solution had an impedance value of 200Ω to 900Ω at high frequencies. The Ringer’s Lactate (RL) solution exhibited impedance variations with impedance values ranging from 800Ω to 300Ω, which is more complex due to the other hand, the Simulated Body Fluid (SBF) solution demonstrated impedance stability at high frequencies with impedance values ranging from 400Ω to 200Ω, indicating its electrical properties suitability with human body conditions. Each electrolyte solution has its characteristics in impedance values at a frequency of 10 kHz, which allows for comparing the three types of electrolyte solutions. For further research, additional studies could include impedance characteristics of electrolyte solutions to broaden understanding of their electrical properties, considering variations in frequency and current conditions to optimise impedance characteristic measurements for various electrolyte solutions.
Development of the UNOChem Game to Improve Students Critical Thinking Skills on Factors that Affect the Reaction Rate Topic Hidayah, Putya; Rusmini, Rusmini
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 19 No. 5 (2024): September 2024
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA colaborates with Perkumpulan Pendidik IPA Indonesia Wilayah Nusa Tenggara Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v19i5.7161

Abstract

The UNOChem game is a development of the UNO Stacko game that has been modified and designed with chemistry materials. This research aims to develop UNOChem games to improve students' critical thinking skills on the material factors that affect the appropriate reaction rate. The feasibility of the UNOChem game is seen in its validity, practicality, and effectiveness. This research refers to 4D design with three stages: define, design, and development. The limited trial was carried out in class XI-2 of SMAN 1 Kedamean. The indicators used in this study are interpretation, analysis, and inference. The validity was obtained from the results of the game assessment by two chemistry lecturers and one chemistry teacher. Practicality was obtained from observation of student activities and a questionnaire of student responses after using the UNOChem game. Effectiveness was obtained from the student's critical thinking skills test results. The study results showed that the validity obtained in each aspect of the obtaining mode was ≥ 4. The practicality of the UNOChem game based on the results of observation of students' activities as a whole got a practicality percentage of 87.4%. Meanwhile, based on the student response questionnaire, in the aspect of describing the level of students' interest in the UNOChem game, the percentage of practicality was 100%; in the aspect of describing the level of ease of understanding the material and doing critical thinking problems in understanding the material, the percentage of practicality was 93.3%. In describing the ease of using the game in the game, the rate of practicality was 94.9%. The game's effectiveness was obtained through an n-gain test with a score of 0.72. The effectiveness of the media is supported by the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test (a non-parametric test), which shows a Sig. A value of 0.000 means there is a significant difference, and the UNOChem game can be declared effective. Based on the research results, the UNOChem game is suitable for learning material activities related to factors that affect the reaction rate of class XI high school.
Science Literacy Support for Improving Students Argumentation Skills Irawan, Laura Alden Litha Miranda; Suyono, Suyono
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 19 No. 5 (2024): September 2024
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA colaborates with Perkumpulan Pendidik IPA Indonesia Wilayah Nusa Tenggara Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v19i5.7256

Abstract

This study explores the impact of science literacy on improving students' argumentation skills at SMA Negeri 21 Surabaya during the 2023/2024 academic year, within the context of the "Merdeka Belajar" initiative and 21st-century competencies. This quantitative correlational research involved 60 students from classes XI-2 and XI-10, selected using purposive sampling techniques. Based on Toulmin's argument model and the PISA science literacy framework, data was collected through science literacy tests and argumentation skill assessments. Data analysis using Minitab 18 revealed a significant positive correlation between science literacy and argumentation skills, with p < 0.05 and correlation coefficients of 0.710 for class XI-2 and 0.926 for class XI-10. These findings support the hypothesis that enhancing science literacy can improve students' argumentation skills. This study highlights the importance of integrating argumentation skills into science education to enhance science literacy and recommends developing a curriculum that supports argumentation practices to improve students' critical thinking and problem-solving skills.
Comparison of the Use of Plant Growth Regulators (PGR) of Red Onion and Shallot Extracts on the Growth of Green Spinach Plants (Amaranthus sp.) Fransiska, Yuni; Anggarani, Mirwa Adiprahara
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 19 No. 5 (2024): September 2024
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA colaborates with Perkumpulan Pendidik IPA Indonesia Wilayah Nusa Tenggara Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v19i5.7270

Abstract

Green spinach is one type of vegetable commodity that the people of Indonesia most widely consume because it has a relatively high nutritional content such as iron, vitamin C, protein, and carbohydrates. However, currently, there is a decrease in green spinach vegetable productivity in Indonesia due to several things, including cultivation techniques that could be more optimal, low seed quality, and limited application of agricultural technology. For this reason, agrarian intensification is needed by using natural plant growth regulators (PGR) to increase the growth of green spinach. Red onions and shallots are part of the allium genus, which has growth phytohormones, namely auxin and gibberellins, which have the potential to be natural PGR. This study aims to compare the use of red onion and shallot extracts in increasing the growth of green spinach plants. The research design used was a randomised group design (RGD) with variations in extract concentrations (0%, 15%, 30%, 45%). Parameters of observation of green spinach plant growth are plant height, number of leaves, leaf circumference, and wet biomass of harvested plants. The application of red onion and shallot extracts was carried out on green spinach plants aged seven days after planting (DAP) with a time interval of 1 week until 28 DAP. Observation of green spinach plant growth parameters began at the age of 14-35 DAP. Statistical analysis of the data using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and then the Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) further t-test a 5% significance level. The results showed that red onion and shallot extracts affected all observed growth parameters of green spinach plants. Shallot extract with a concentration of 45% gave the best results on all green spinach plant growth parameters.
Development of Redox Animation Application to Enhance Students Critical Thinking Skills on Oxidation Reduction Reaction Topics Bimanyu, Anjas; Sukarmin, Sukarmin
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 19 No. 5 (2024): September 2024
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA colaborates with Perkumpulan Pendidik IPA Indonesia Wilayah Nusa Tenggara Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v19i5.7273

Abstract

Critical thinking skills are one of the four 21st-century skills defined as the ability to reason rationally and logically. In the context of chemistry, critical thinking plays a vital role as it is required to understand chemical concepts, mechanisms, equations, reactions, and elements, as well as the ability to make appropriate judgments. However, based on previous research and field surveys, it was found that students' critical thinking skills are generally low. Three levels of chemical representation in chemistry need to be connected integrally to develop an understanding of chemical concepts and critical thinking. Integrating the three levels of representation can be done through visualisation media in animation. Thus, a visual communication media that includes three representative levels is developed to improve critical thinking skills and facilitate students' understanding of chemical materials, especially in the context of reduction and oxidation reactions, namely the Redox Animation application. In this article, this research aims to develop a Redox Animation application that is feasible in terms of two learning media feasibility criteria, namely validity and practicality. The development research model used in this research is the Sukmadinata model, which has three main stages: preliminary studies, model development, and model testing. This study is limited to the trial step. The research data shows that the Redox Animation application developed meets the feasibility in development research on validity criteria with the acquisition of a content validity mode score of 4 with valid criteria and a construct validity mode score of 4 with valid criteria and practicality criteria with the acquisition of a percentage in a learner response questionnaire of 96.33% with efficient criteria. Thus, the Redox Animation application is declared feasible for enhancing students' critical thinking skills on redox reaction topics based on validity criteria and practicality criteria in development research.
Potential Fermentation of Sweet Potato Pickle (Ipomoea batatas L.) with Lactobacillus plantarum B1765 in the Production of Short Chain Fatty Acids Insani, Yasinta Rizqi; Wikandari, Prima Retno
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 19 No. 5 (2024): September 2024
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA colaborates with Perkumpulan Pendidik IPA Indonesia Wilayah Nusa Tenggara Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v19i5.7285

Abstract

Short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) is the final metabolic product of inulin that can provide various health benefits. In this study, the effect of fermentation duration of sweet potato pickle using Lactobacillus plantarum B1765 starter culture in the production of SCFA was studied, as well as its relationship with total Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB), pH, and Total Titratable Acid (TTA). Fermentation was carried out with the addition of starter culture as much as 10% (v/v) at 37ºC for 4, 8, 12, 24, and 0 hours which was used as a control. The number of LAB was measured using the Total Plate Count (TPC) method, pH value was measured with a pH meter, TTA was measured using the acid-alkalimetric titration method, and SCFA was measured using an HPLC instrument with 0.1% H3PO4 eluent and 25% acetonitrile. Fermentation duration affects LAB growth, TTA, SCFA, and pH. The results showed that total LAB growth was optimal at 8 hours fermentation time at 2.81×108 CFU/mL, which increased by 2 log cycles from the initial fermentation time of 0 hours. Still, the pH decreased until it reached 3.23 ± 0.20, and TTA increased to 0,56 ± 0.02% until the end of fermentation at 24 hours. SCFA also increased until the end of fermentation at 24 hours, where acetic acid levels showed the highest levels (6.85   ± 0.30 mg/mL), followed by propionic acid (5.04 ± 0.20 mg/mL) and butyric acid (2.14 ± 0.10 mg/mL). Sweet potato pickles fermented with L. plantarum B1765 starter culture have met the SNI 01-3784-1995 standard and have the potential to be developed as a functional food source of SCFA, which has many health benefits.
Study on Antioxidant Activity of Purple Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas) Juice Fermented with Lactobacillus plantarum B1765 Fitria, Marcella Nur; Wikandari, Prima Retno
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 19 No. 5 (2024): September 2024
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA colaborates with Perkumpulan Pendidik IPA Indonesia Wilayah Nusa Tenggara Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v19i5.7286

Abstract

Purple sweet potatoes are a source of anthocyanins, which are antioxidants. However, the anthocyanin compounds in purple sweet potatoes are naturally bound in glycosidic form, so their potential as antioxidants is still limited. Fermentation is one method that can be used to degrade glycosidic bonds to liberate free phenolics so that it can increase the antioxidant potential of purple sweet potato. This research aims to study the growth of lactic acid bacteria (LAB), pH, total titratable acid (TAT), phenolic content, anthocyanin content, and antioxidant activity of sweet potato juice (Ipomoea batatas) fermented with Lactobacillus plantarum B1765 starter culture for 0.2, 4,6,8,10,12 and 14 hours. Total LAB was measured using the Total Plate Count (TPC) method, pH was measured using a pH meter, TAT was measured using acid-base titration, total phenolic content (TPC) was measured using the Folline-Ciocalteu method, anthocyanin content used the differential pH method and antioxidant activity was measured using the radical scavenging method 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) which is expressed in IC50 values. The results showed that fermentation time affected (p<0.05) total LAB, pH, TAT, phenols, anthocyanin levels, and antioxidant activity in purple sweet potato juice. Total BAL increased to reach an optimum of 2.6 x 108 CFU/mL within 6 hours. However, until the end of fermentation for 14 hours, there was still a decrease in pH to 3.73, an increase in TAT reaching 0.426%, an increase in total phenolics up to 324.21 mg GAE/g, a reduction in anthocyanin levels (13.68 mg/L) and an increase in antioxidant activity with an IC50 of 47 .05 ppm which is classified as very strong. This product meets the Indonesian National Standards for fermented drinks and can potentially be a source of antioxidants.
Effect of Red Guava (Psidium guajava L.) Juice Concentration on Product Quality and Antioxidant Activity of Red Guava Synbiotic Yoghurt Afifah, Diah Siti; Agustini, Rudiana
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 19 No. 5 (2024): September 2024
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA colaborates with Perkumpulan Pendidik IPA Indonesia Wilayah Nusa Tenggara Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v19i5.7296

Abstract

Red guava juice has very strong antioxidant activity and has the potential to be processed into synbiotic functional beverage products that have health benefits. This study examined the effect of red guava juice concentration on product quality and antioxidant activity of red guava synbiotic yoghurt. Product quality tested included microbiological quality (total LAB) and chemical quality (pH value and Total Tritable Acid (TTA )value). The concentrations of red guava juice used were 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40%. Fermentation was carried out for 6 hours at 37⁰C by Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) from powdered mixed culture. Then organoleptic testing using the hedonic test, total LAB testing using the Total Plate Count (TPC) method, pH value testing using a pH meter, TTA value testing using the acid-base titration method, and antioxidant activity testing using the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazil) method. Test data were analyzed using SPSS software to determine the effect of red guava juice concentration on test results. The concentration of red guava juice in red guava synbiotic yoghurt affects the pH value, TTA value, and IC50 value as the result of antioxidant activity testing. Red guava juice concentration did not affect total LAB testing. Organoleptic assessment of red guava symbiotic yoghurt is in the range of like to like very much. The best formulation was red guava synbiotic yoghurt with 30% red guava juice concentration, which had strong antioxidant activity with an IC50 value of 59.637 ppm, pH value of 3.94, TTA value of 1.98%, and total LAB as much as 1.81x10⁸ colonies/g, so it has met the quality requirements of yoghurt according to Indonesian National Standard SNI 2981: 2009.

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