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Makara Journal of Science
Published by Universitas Indonesia
ISSN : 23391995     EISSN : 23560851     DOI : https://doi.org/10.7454/mss
Core Subject :
Makara Journal of Science publishes original research or theoretical papers, notes, and minireviews on new knowledge and research or research applications on current issues in basic sciences, namely: Material Sciences (including: physics, biology, and chemistry); Biochemistry, Genetics, and Molecular Biology (including: microbiology, physiology, ecology, taxonomy and evolution); and Biotechnology.
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Articles 880 Documents
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KELIMPAHAN PLANKTON DI PERAIRAN BANGKA-BELITUNG DAN LAUT CINA SELATAN, SUMATERA, MEI - JUNI 2002 Hikmah, Hikmah
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 8, No. 3
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Plankton Abundance in Bangka – Belitung and South China Sea Waters, May - June 2002. The observation of plankton condition in Bangka, Belitung and South Cina Sea was conducted during May – June 2002. The parameters observed were focused on the microplankton and macroplankton communities. Twenty seven points of observation were grouped into two locations based on the distance of the observation station. Plankton abundance varied with location groups from 2069 to 23392 cells/l and 1249 to 5448 individuals/m3 for microplankton and macroplankton, respectively. Microplanktonic community structure was dominated by the group of diatoms, such as Skeletonema, Chaetoceros, Rhizosolenia, and Thalassiothrix. The genus Ceratium, Dinophysis and Protoperidinium (the group of dinoflagellates) was found in relatively abundant, but still in normal condition. The structure of macroplankton was dominated by the group of copepods (50 – 89%) and larvacea (10- 30 %).
IN VITRO CULTURE OF Pogostemon cablin BENTH. (NILAM PLANT): THE EFFECT OF NAA AND BAP ON EMBRYOGENIC CALLUS PROLIFERATION AND SUBSEQUENT SOMATIC EMBRYOGENESIS Zulkarnain, Zulkarnain
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 8, No. 3
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An experiment to investigate the somatic embryogenesis from shoot-derived callus of Pogostemon cablin (nilam plant) has been conducted at the Plant Biotechnology Laboratory, Agricultural Faculty, University of Jambi from January through to July 2004. Callus proliferation was induced on explants taken from young shoots cultured on solid MS medium supplemented with phytohormones NAA (0.8, 1.1, 1.4, and 1.7 ppm) and BAP (1.1, 1.4, 1.7, and 2.0 ppm) under in vitro conditions. Cultures were maintained at 25 ± 1 oC, light intensity 50 mmol m-2 s-1, and 16 hours photoperiod. The results indicated that all cultured explants showed positive responses on callus proliferation on all treatments within two weeks of culture initiation. The effect of phytohormones, however, was unspecific as all callus showed similar properties, from non-embryogenic to embryogenic. The addition of NAA and/or BAP to the culture medium was not significantly affected the number of days to callus proliferation. Callus fresh weight was significantly affected by NAA (P = 0.01) or BAP (P = 0.05), but the interaction of these phytohormones resulted in a non-significant effect on callus fresh weight (P = 0.18). Also, BAP significantly affected callus dry weight (P =0.03). However, neither NAA nor its interaction with BAP significantly affected callus dry weight (P = 0.07 and 0.16, subsequently). Embryogenic and non-embryogenic callus were subcultured separately onto new fresh media with the same composition as for callus induction. Following this subculture, embryogenic callus regenerated somatic embryos within ten days, whereas non-embryogenic callus did not show any symptom of embryogenesis, and lost their proliferative capacity after six weeks of subculture. The regenerated somatic embryos continued to grow to form profuse mass of young plantlets ready for in vivo acclimatization.
PERHITUNGAN POLARISASI SPONTAN DAN MOMEN QUADRUPOL POTENSIAL LISTRIK BAHAN PIZT (PbInxZryTi1-x-yO3-x/2) Hikam, Muhammad; Sarwono, Edy; Irzaman, Irzaman
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 8, No. 3
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PZT (PbZr1-xTixO3 ) merupakan bahan berbentuk kristal perovskite yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai sensor inframerah. Penambahan sedikit dopan (bahan pendoping) dapat mengubah secara drastis karakteristik spesifik dari bahan keramik-ferroelektrik seperti polarisasi spontan, sifat dielektrik, sifat elektromekanik, elektrooptik dan sifat lainnya. Hard doping dengan menggunakan ion In3+ diaplikasikan pada penelitian ini dan dilakukan penumbuhan lapisan tipis dari bubuk PIZT (PbInxZryTi1-x-yO3-x/2) pada substrat Si(100) dengan metode Chemical Solution Deposition (CSD) dengan konsentrasi 0,5 M dan kecepatan putar spin coating 3000 rpm. Karakteristik bahan PIZT baik bubuk maupun lapisan tipisnya diuji dengan difraksi sinar x. Analisis Rietveld dilakukan dengan menggunakan program GSAS-EXPGUI dan diperoleh parameter kisi dan komposisi fasa dari kristal. Polarisasi spontan (Ps ) PIZT bubuk dan lapisan tipisnya mengalami penurunan dibandingkan dengan bahan asalnya (PZT). Polarisasi spontan yang optimum dari lapisan tipis PIZT dicapai pada rentang doping 0,5% - 1% In2O3. Momen quadrupol potensial listrik (FQ(r) ) bahan PIZT pada suatu titik P (0,0,2a) mencapai kondisi optimum pada % doping 6% In2O3 dan dari hasil penelitian ini juga menunjukkan bentuk lapisan tipis PIZT memiliki nilai (FQ(r)) yang lebih baik daripada bentuk bubuknya untuk rentang doping > 1% In2O3.
KANDUNGAN BAHAN ORGANIK, N-ALKANA, AROMATIK DAN TOTAL HIDROKARBON DALAM SEDIMEN DI PERAIRAN RAHA KABUPATEN MUNA, SULAWESI TENGGARA Marsaoli, Muhajir
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 8, No. 3
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The content of organic material, n-alkana, aromatic compound and hydrocarbon total in the sediment was carried out in the waters of Raha, Southeast of Sulawesi. Investigation on content of organic material, n-alkana, aromatic compound and hydrocarbon total in the sediment was carried out in the waters of Raha, Southeast of Sulawesi in June 2001. The results showed that the sediment at station 1 and 4 were polluted by hydrocarbon compound. This condition is showed by F1/F2 ratio (comparation between saturated hydrocarbon fraction with aromatic hydrocarbons fraction) > 1. According to NAS (National Academy of Science) criteria on total hydrocarbon content, station 2 and 5 only were polluted by hydrocarbons compound (>100 ppm).
SUMBERDAYA TERIPANG DI PERAIRAN TANJUNG PAI PADAIDO BIAK NUMFOR PAPUA Yusron, Eddy
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 8, No. 3
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Sea Cucumber Resources At Tanjung Pai Waters Padaido Biak Numfor Papua. Observation on sea cucumber diversity was carried out at coastal waters of Pai and Imbeyomi Islands in the Padaido Island Biak Numfor. Sampling was done by using a transect quadrant of 1 m x 1 m. This sampling and observation on its microhabitat were conducted by snorkling. Analyses on the sea cucumber community structure were based on its frequency of occurance, diversity, and density. The results showed that at both locations 10 species of sea cucumber were found where Holothuria edulis, H. atra, and H. nobilis were predominant common and more evenly distributed than the other species.
PENDETEKSIAN JENIS DAN KELAS AROMA DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE ONE-VS-ONE DAN METODE ONE-VS-REST
Makara Journal of Science
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Aroma classification using one-vs-one and one-vs-rest methods. Computational Intelligence used in pattern classification problem can be divided into two different parts, one based on Neural Network and the other based on Statistical Learning. The Statistical Learning discovered by Vapnik on 70-est decade. For the pattern classification, Vapnik developed hyperplane optimal separation, which is known as Support Vector Machines Method (SVM). In the beginning, SVM was designed only to solve binary classification problem, where data existing are classified into two classes. To classify data whose consist of more than two classes, the SVM method can not directly be used. There are several methods can be used to solve SVM multiclasses classification problem, they are One-vs-One Method and One-vs-Rest Method. Both of this methods are the extension of SVM binary classification, they will be discussed in this article so that we can see their performance in aroma classification process. Data of aroma used in this experiment is consisted of three classes of aroma, each of them has six classes. The division of this class is based on alcohol concentration mixed into each of those aromas. For example, for aroma A, there are six kinds of aroma A with different alcohol concentration: 0%, 15%, 25%, 30%, 45% and 75%. The performance of these methods is measured based on their ability to recognize and classify aroma, precisely and match with the right class or variety of data existed.
KANDUNGAN TOTAL ZAT PADAT TERSUSPENSI (TOTAL SUSPENDED SOLID) DI PERAIRAN RAHA, SULAWESI TENGGARA
Makara Journal of Science
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Total Suspended Solid Content in Raha Waters, Northeast of Celebes. Measurement on Total Suspended Solid (TSS) in Raha waters were carried out in May 2001. The results showed that the content of total suspended solid varied between 74,8 – 78,9 ppm with averages content is 76,5 ppm. This content is still suited to the threshold value stated by government decree in 1988 for fishery and sea conservation park, but not suitable for recreation (swimming, diving activity).
BEBERAPA CATATAN FAUNA EKHINODERMATA DARI PERAIRAN TAPAK TUAN, ACEH SELATAN NANGROE ACEH DARUSSALAM
Makara Journal of Science
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Notes On The Echinoderm Fauna Of The Tapak Tuan Bay Waters, Aceh Selatan The Nangroe Aceh Darussalam. A total of 21 species of echinoderms, belonging to of 5 species Holothuroidea, 5 species of Asteroidea, 4 species Echinoidea and 7 species Ophiuroidea have been found in the Tapak Tuan of Aceh Selatan. The Ophiuroidea were relatively dominant in the sea grass zone. On the basis of population density, Ophiuroidea was the dominant group and relatively highest in the individual density. In general, the number of species of echinoderm fauna is smaller than that in the Sekotong Lombok Barat bay waters. The species composition, community structure, zonation, and spatial distribution of echinoderm fauna are discussed in this paper.
KANDUNGAN LOGAM BERAT Pb, Cd, Cu, Zn DAN Ni DALAM AIR LAUT DAN SEDIMEN DI MUARA SUNGAI MEMBRAMO, PAPUA DALAM KAITANNYA DENGAN KEPENTINGAN BUDIDAYA PERIKANAN
Makara Journal of Science
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Heavy Metals Content Pb, Cd, Cu, Zn And Ni In Sea Water And Sediment In Membramo Estuary And Its Relationship With Fishery Cultivation. Obervation on heavy metals Pb, Cd, Cu, Zn and Ni content in Jakarta Bay were carried out in August 2003. The results showed that the Pb, Cd, Cu, Zn, and Ni content still in line with threshold value stated by for fisheries. By the all, in sea water Zn content is higher compared to the others, while in sediment Ni is higher. This data showed the result show that on waters of Membramo River Zn and Ni waste than others elements.
STUDI KARAKTERISASI OPTIS LAPISAN TIPIS a-SiC:H HASIL DEPOSISI METODE GLOWDISCHARGE
Makara Journal of Science
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Optical Properties of a-SiC:H Films Deposited by Glowdischarge Methods. The optical properties of amorphous silicon carbon films deposited by glowdischarge method have been studied using ultra violet-visible (uv-vis) spectroscopy. The refractive index was calculated by Swanepoel’s formula using transmission data then followed by numerical simulation. The films density tends to decrease with increasing carbon content. The widening of the optical gap by increasing carbon content indicates the enhancement of film’s transparence. Both real and imaginary parts of the dielectric constant show variation in magnitude as the carbon content increase

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