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Ivandini Tribidasari A.
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Makara Journal of Science
Published by Universitas Indonesia
ISSN : 23391995     EISSN : 23560851     DOI : https://doi.org/10.7454/mss
Core Subject :
Makara Journal of Science publishes original research or theoretical papers, notes, and minireviews on new knowledge and research or research applications on current issues in basic sciences, namely: Material Sciences (including: physics, biology, and chemistry); Biochemistry, Genetics, and Molecular Biology (including: microbiology, physiology, ecology, taxonomy and evolution); and Biotechnology.
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Articles 910 Documents
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Comparative Antiscabies Efficacy of Sonneratia alba Extracts: Evaluation of Plant Parts and Concentrations in Mice Maretha, Delima Engga; Taresha, Lara Mukti; Yuliana, Karina; Ariska, Iis; Lestari, Silvia Diah
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 30, No. 1
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

This study evaluated the antiscabies efficacy of 70% ethanol extracts from various parts of the mangrove Sonneratia alba (leaves, flowers, bark, and roots) as a potential alternative therapy. The primary objective was to compare the healing effects of the extracts at different concentrations on scabies lesions in mice (Mus musculus). Using a completely randomized design, 24 male Swiss Webster mice were assigned to four groups: a control (K0) group and three treatment groups to receive 10% (K1), 20% (K2), and 30% (K3) extract concentrations topically twice daily. The results demonstrated that the S. alba extracts had significant effects on lesion healing (p < 0.05). The leaf and root extracts exhibited optimal efficacy at a 10% concentration, whereas the bark and flower extracts were the most effective at 30% concentration. These findings suggest that S. alba extracts, particularly those from leaves and roots, hold significant promise as a novel plant-based treatment for scabies, warranting further research into their potential clinical applications.
Anthrone-based Dummy Molecularly Imprinted Polymer for the Selective Detection of Fluorene and Phenanthrene in Simulated River Water Pinandita, Aria; Handayani, Nurrahmi; Iqbal, Muhammad; Triadhi, Untung; Rusnadi, Rusnadi; Djajanti, Samitha Dewi; Amran, Muhammad Bachri; Zulfikar, Muhammad Ali
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 30, No. 1
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A dummy-template molecularly imprinted polymer (DMIP) was synthesized via precipitation polymerization using anthrone as a template analog for the selective analysis of low-molecular-weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), specifically fluorene and phenanthrene. Styrene, benzoyl peroxide, and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate were employed as the functional monomer, radical initiator, and crosslinking agent, respectively. The synthesized polymers were characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and particle size analysis. The imprinting factors were 1.16 and 1.09 for fluorene and phenanthrene, respectively, indicating enhanced affinity of the imprinted sites. High-performance liquid chromatography analysis following DMIP-based solid-phase extraction yielded recoveries of 91.49% ± 3.87% for fluorene and 97.25% ± 2.85% for phenanthrene, demonstrating the DMIP’s potential as an efficient sorbent for selective extraction and quantification of low-molecular-weight PAHs in simulated river water.
Application of Microbial Fuel Cells for Leachate Bioremediation: The Effects of Nutrient Nourishment Sholikah, Umi; Chosta, Fidela; Fiqar, Tegar Palyus; Anifah, Eka Masrifatus; Hudayarizka, Riza; Hibino, Tadashi
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 30, No. 1
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Abstract

Leachate contains a high organic content, which can cause environmental pollution. The organic content in leachate can be removed through bioremediation using microbial fuel cell (MFC) systems to remediate pollutants and generate bioelectricity. Organic matter is important to the MFC process as both a substrate and a nutrient source. This study investigated the effects of glucose and sodium phosphate buffer nourishment on BOD, COD, and TSS removal and bioelectricity generation. This study used leachate as a substrate and a graphite rod with a surface area of about 32.98 cm2 as an electrode. The reactor uses plastic blocks with a 3L capacity. Bioremediation using MFC was conducted in batch experiments under aerobic conditions for 20 days at various glucose dosages. All monitoring processes were conducted in real time using the internet of things (IoT). The glucose variations used were 10% (b/v) and 20% (b/v) with the addition of a sodium phosphate buffer. The removal efficiencies of BOD, COD, and TSS with 10% glucose and sodium phosphate buffer addition were 86.05%, 81.84%, and 75.50%, respectively. The highest electrical voltage was observed upon the addition of 20% glucose and sodium phosphate buffer at about 900 mV.
A Ferrocene-Modified Carbon Electrode Prepared from Coconut Shell Char for Cu(II) Detection in Water Aulia, Nabila Putri; Rahmawati, Fitria; Masykur, Abu; Heraldy, Eddy
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 30, No. 1
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A ferrocene (Fc)-modified carbon electrode was prepared from coconut shell char (CSC), which was activated with NaOH to produce an activated coconut shell carbon (Ac-CSC). The carbon electrode was designed as a printed-carbon electrode consisting of working, counter and reference electrodes in a single piece, called a screen-printed carbon electrode, or SPCE. An Fc solution was applied to the working electrode part at 10%, 20% and 30% mass of the SPCE, producing an SPCE-Fc as an electrochemical sensor for Copper ions Cu(II) detection. The prepared activated carbon was analysed by XRD, FTIR, SEM/EDX, surface area analysis and impedance measurement to determine its diffraction pattern, available specific functional groups, morphology, elemental content, surface area and electrical conductivity. The results showed that CSC consists of 52.89% amorphous carbon, 19.65% nitrogen and 23.12% oxygen. FTIR analysis showed C=O, C=C, C-H, C-O, O-H, N-H and C-S vibrations. The Ac-CSC provided an electrical conductivity rate of 26.025 S/cm. Cyclic voltammetry analysis of the Cu(II) solution with SPCE-Fc10% provided the highest current density among the other Fc contents. Therefore, a further study used SPCE-Fc10% to determine the limit of detection (LoD), interference effects, pH and scan rate effects, the repeatability of the analysis and the reproducibility of SPCE-Fc10% for Cu(II) detection. The LoD was 0.055 mM. The electrode fabrication also showed good reproducibility, as evidenced by a repeatability coefficient (R) of 0.06. The interference test showed that the SPCE-Fc10% selectively detected Cu(II), even in the presence of 5% volume of Pb(II) and Co(II) in the Cu(II) solution.
Strong Gravitational Lensing of Balart-Vagenas Regular Black Holes Pervez, Akif; Ud Din, Hassan Moin; Ramdhan, Handika Satrio
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 30, No. 1
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Gravitational lensing is an integral part of Einstein general theory of relativity. The existence of singularity in standard black holes is a hurdle for understanding the properties of black holes. The introduction of nonlinear electrodynamics (NLED) offers an intriguing possibility of constructing non-singular black hole. Gravitational lensing by the photon sphere probes the physical properties of lens objects such as black holes. This work presents a strong deflection limit analysis in a general asymptotically flat, stationary, spherically symmetric spacetime. We extend the analysis of the light deflection around the photon sphere-complete capture, and set a strong field limit that is opposite to the usual weak field limit. The deflection angle always diverges logarithmically when the minimum impact parameter is reached. We apply this general formalism to a singular Reissner-Nordström and a non-singular regular black hole. By comparing the coefficients characterizing these metric functions and observing the different collapsing objects, they are characterized by strong field limits. These coefficients are directly connected to the observables, such as the angular position and the magnification of the relativistic images. A supermassive black hole is modeled as a regular charged black hole at the galaxy's core
Phytochemistry and Pharmacological Activities of Sphagneticola trilobata: A Systematic Review with Perspectives for Drug Discovery Labhade, Sonali Dnyaneshwar; Kamadi, Suraj; Karwa, Pawan Nandkishor; Bhole, Ritesh Prakash; Kapare, Harshad Sunil; Chitlange, Sohan Satyanarayan
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 30, No. 1
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Sphagneticola trilobata (L.) Pruski is a medicinal plant widely used in traditional medicine for its anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antioxidant, hepatoprotective, wound healing, and CNS depressant effects. Despite its broad pharmacolo-gical potential, clinical application is limited due to a lack of mechanistic understanding, standardization, and clinical validation. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the phytochemical composition, pharmacological activities, and therapeutic potential of S. trilobata, while highlighting research gaps and suggesting future directions for clinical translation. A systematic review of scientific literature, ethnobotanical sources, and pharmacological studies was conducted, focusing on phytochemical analysis, biological activity, toxicity, and potential applications in evidence-based medicine. Phytochemical studies reveal that S. trilobata contains flavonoids, terpenoids, sesquiterpene lactones, and phe-nolic compounds. Key constituents such as kaurenoic acid, grandiflorenic acid, and wedelolactone are associated with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, and anticancer properties. However, there are gaps in understanding its pharmacokinetics, mechanisms of action, and clinical relevance. Although S. trilobata shows strong pharmacological promise, further research is needed to clarify molecular mechanisms, enhance bioavailability, and conduct well-structured clinical trials. These efforts are essential to support its integration into evidence-based and modern medicinal systems.
Dietary Oil from Hermetia illucens L. Larvae Promotes Weight Gain and Alters Leukocyte Profiles in Mus musculus L Nugroho, Rudy Agung, RAN; Kurniati, Reni; Sari, Widya Putri Ambar; Sompotan, Reynaldo Imanuel; Aryani, Retno; Manurung, Hetty; Rudianto, Rudianto
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 30, No. 1
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The escalating global demand for high-quality animal-derived proteins has driven the search for sustainable alternatives. Black soldier fly larvae (BSFL; Hermetia illucens L.) oil presents a promising option, by addressing organic waste management while providing nutrient-rich feed. This study evaluated the effects of dietary supplementation with BSFL oil on growth performance, hematological characteristics, and blood lipid profiles in mice (Mus musculus). Male mice were randomly assigned to five groups (n = 5): positive control (fish oil, 5 mL/kg body weight [BW]), negative control (Aquadest, 5 mL/kg BW), and three treatment groups receiving BSFL oil at 2.5, 5, and 10 mL/kg BW, respectively. Interventions were administered orally for 28 days; assessments included BW, hematological parameters, and lipid profiles. The results indicated that 10 mL/kg BW BSFL oil significantly increased BW (34.40 ± 0.74 g) compared to the fish oil group (31.6 ± 0.67 g, p < 0.05). Hematological parameters and lipid profiles did not differ significantly across groups (p > 0.05). However, leukocyte profiles exhibited significant variations (p < 0.05), particularly at 10 mL/kg BW of BSFL oil, suggesting immunomodulation. This preliminary proof-of-concept study in mice provides the first head-to-head comparison of unrefined BSFL and commercial fish oil utility, offering mechanistic insights applicable to livestock nutrition
Phenol–Chloroform DNA Extraction for DNA Amplification from Personal Items Ernanto, Aditya Rahman; Khasanah, Dinda Amaliyatul; Aldirahayu, Yunita; Setiyaningrum, Rizki; Iswara, Arya
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 30, No. 1
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This study examined the feasibility of extracting DNA from various personal items using the phenol–chloroform–isoamyl alcohol (PCIA) method. A towel, collared shirt, toothbrush, shower puff, comb, hair tie, and buccal swabs were analyzed. The quality of the DNA extraction, along with DNA concentration, purity, and suitability for multiplex PCR amplification, were evaluated. The shower puff exhibited the highest DNA concentration (68.35 ng/µL), whereas the collared shirt yielded the lowest (26.43 ng/µL). All samples exhibited good DNA purity (A260 nm/A280 nm ranging from 1.827 to 1.985), emphasizing the potential of this method for forensic analysis. Factors influencing DNA concentration included material composition, surface area, and exposure to bodily fluids. The results highlight the importance of understanding material-specific characteristics to optimize DNA extraction protocols. Buccal swabs served as reliable controls, suggesting their potential use in personal item DNA extraction studies. The successful extraction of DNA from personal items holds promise for enhancing the scope of DNA analysis in criminal investigations. The PCIA method is useful for DNA extraction from personal items and may serve as an alternative when standard methods cannot be used.
Lab-made 100 bp DNA Ladder using Polymerase Chain Reaction and Human DNA Bariqi, Muhammad Ilmam; Yamamoto, Zulham; Firjatu, Putri Chalya; Nasution, Luthfi Umam Hakim; Lubis, Oryza Sativa
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 30, No. 1
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Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a rapid, molecular biology technique widely used in disease diagnosis and genetic engineering. Conventional PCR products require agarose gel electrophoresis, which employs a DNA ladder as a size reference. Most commercial ladders are plasmid-based and reliable but require additional culture time. We suggest a more efficient method for producing a DNA ladder using DNA derived from human blood. DNA was isolated using a commercial kit. Primer sets generating 100–1000 base pair (bp)-long fragments bearing target regions p12, p13, and p14 were designed using Primer-BLAST. DNA was amplified by routine PCR, visualized on a 1% (w/v) agarose gel, and pooled to form a 100-bp ladder. The lab-made ladder was compared with a commercial ladder. Extracted DNA showed a purity of 1.878. Bands of 100, 500, and 1000 bp were added in greater amounts to produce wider, more visible bands. The pooled fragments served as a functional 100-bp DNA ladder. A key limitation is the lack of sequencing, as genomic variations may affect flanking regions and potentially alter amplicon sizes. A 100-bp DNA ladder generated using DNA extracted from human blood had good quality, comparable to that of a commercial ladder.
Liparis condylobulbon Reichb. f. from Gumitir, Indonesia: Morphology, Molecular, and Phytochemical Profile Ulum, Fuad Bahrul; Arum, Asyifa Yasmin; Sa’adah, Kurnia; Setyati, Dwi; Dwinianti, Edia Fitria; Rajamani, Ranjithkumar; Nugraha, Ari Satia; Su’udi, Mukhamad
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 30, No. 1
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Liparis condylobulbon Rchb.f. is an epiphytic orchid across South and Southeast Asia, which holds notable ethnomedicinal and pharmacological significance. This study aims to characterize Indonesian Liparis condylobulbon using integrated morphological, molecular (matK, rbcL, ITS2), and phytochemical (LC-MS, DPPH) analyses of specimens from Mount Gumitir, providing the first comprehensive taxonomic and pharmacological profile to support species authentication and future bioprospecting. The L. condylobulbon specimen displays diagnostic epiphytic morpho-logy, including fusiform pseudobulbs, two elongate leaves, and an erect inflorescence bearing ~123 flowers. Molecular barcoding using matK, rbcL, and ITS2 confirmed its identity, with phylogenetic analyses consistently clustering it with L. condylobulbon, supporting taxonomic placement despite minor ITS2-based variation. Metabolomic analysis revealed 58 distinct secondary metabolites, including 30 flavonoids, 22 terpenoids, and 6 phenolic compounds, with key bioactives such as diosmin, picrasinoside B, and 6-gingerol exhibiting known anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer properties. Although the crude extract showed relatively low antioxidant capacity (IC₅₀ = 650 µg/mL), the chemical diversity and presence of pharmacologically active constituents underscore the species' potential for future phytotherapeutic applications.

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