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Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 02151936     EISSN : 26148412     DOI : https://doi.org/10.22146/bkm.v37i2.2320
Core Subject : Health,
Nursing Public Health
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM Public Health and Community Medicine) is a peer-reviewed and open access journal that deals with the fields of public health and public medicine. The topics of the article will be grouped according to the main message of the author. This focus covers areas and scope related to aspects of: - Epidemiology - Infectious diseases control - Clinical Epidemiology - Environmental Health - Occupational Health - Healthy City - Public Health and Primary Health Care - School of Health Promotion - Healthy lifestyles - Health promotion - Health and Social Behavior - Tobacco and smoking - Adolescent Health - Public Health Nutrition - Maternal and Child Health - Reproductive Health - Population Health - Health of Vulnerable People - Social Determinants of Health - Water, Sanitation and Hygiene - Human Resource Management
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kesehatan Masyarakat, Kesehatan Lingkungan dan Pekerjaan
Articles 98 Documents
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Search results for , issue "The 12th UGM Public Health Symposium" : 98 Documents clear
Determinant of Water Source Contamination by Soil Transmitted Helminths in Rural Areas of Jember District Armiyanti, Yunita; Mash’ab Zirrun Al-Qomah; Angga Mardro Raharjo; Bagus Hermansyah; Wiwien Sugih Utami
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine The 12th UGM Public Health Symposium
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Purpose: This study aims to identify STH eggs and larvae that contaminate water sources in rural areas of Jember and their risk factors. Method: This type of study is an observational analytic study with a cross-sectional approach. Samples from water sources in Mumbulsari and Sukowono districts were taken on inclusion criteria under flotation and sedimentation methods and totaled 56 samples. Respondents were interviewed on account of risk factors related to the presence of STH in water sources using a questionnaire and a total of 56 respondents. Result: The results showed that the common type of STH found was Hookworm (92.31%). The most polluted water source is river (53.84%). Based on the characteristics, the majority of respondents are female (67.86%), aged over 40 years (58.93%), have low education (57.15%), and have no job (51.79%). Found a relationship using chi-square between bowel habits and the presence of STH eggs and larvae (ρ > 0.05). Conclusion: This study proved that STH eggs and larvae can contaminate water sources such as rivers and wells The contamination is related to the habit of defecating not in latrines, so the important prevention for STH infection in water sources is to change the habit of defecation into a healthy habit.
The Role of Organizational Support in Health Program Implementation Hasanbasri, Mubasysyir; Jaladara, Vena
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine The 12th UGM Public Health Symposium
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Purpose: Delays in improving public health are closely related to the population's social and economic issues. These delays are also linked to various obstacles in implementing programs that have been proven effective in other countries. Some improvements in overcoming these barriers have occurred related to the support for field activities. This research characterizes the five organizational elements used to implement essential health programs in Indonesia. Methods: We used the five organizational elements framework, which emphasizes the roles of service delivery, frontline workers, support systems, and program managers. Findings: The clarity in contracts for program managers is often seen as a clarity in administrative functions rather than a focus on problem-solving functions within the community. This understanding is crucial for devising effective strategies for program implementation. Moreover, there is an urgent need to strengthen the support system functions that assist frontline workers, a critical step in ensuring the smooth execution of health programs. Conclusion: The success of health programs is intricately tied to the effectiveness of program managers. It is not just a role but a crucial responsibility for community health centers (Puskesmas) to adopt an internal worker contract approach for program managers. Furthermore, program managers should operate under a contract as leaders for frontline workers and support systems, underscoring their pivotal role in the process.
Financing the Contact Investigation – TB Patients (Case Study in Mimika District, Papua, Indonesia) Setiawan, Ery; Hafidz, Firdaus; Lestari, Trisasi
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine The 12th UGM Public Health Symposium
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Purpose: This study aims to estimate the unit costs and budget impact of implementing a tuberculosis (TB) contact investigation program in Mimika District, Papua, Indonesia. Method: The study used a microcosting approach to calculate the unit costs of contact investigation activities. Data were collected from six community health centers (Puskesmas) over two months (July-August 2023). Cost components included human resources, medical and non-medical supplies, equipment, and transportation. Combining unit cost data with epidemiological information on TB cases in Mimika allowed for an estimate of the budget impact. Results: The average cost of a home visit for contact investigation was Rp. 53,913, with significant variations across different health centers. For example, the cost ranged from Rp. 39,214 at PKM Limau Asri to Rp. 66,494 at PKM Timika Jaya. On average, the costs were broken down into human resources (Rp. 15,946), supplies (Rp. 25,767), equipment (Rp. 2,833), and transportation (Rp. 16,000). For high-risk individuals requiring further examination, the costs varied based on the diagnostic method used. Microscopic examination cost approximately Rp. 44,482, while rapid molecular testing (TCM) was significantly higher at Rp. 541,472. Overall, the total budget impact to cover all indexed cases in Mimika District was estimated at Rp. 146,969,364. The economic analysis indicated a benefit-cost ratio of 2.62, suggesting that each rupiah invested could yield a return of 2.62 rupiah. Conclusion: Funding the TB contact investigation program in Mimika District is economically beneficial. The program's implementation would require detailed budgeting but promises substantial returns in terms of both economic and health benefits.
Prototype Management of Village Nurses and Telehealth for Improving Basic Healthcare Services in 3T Regions Feninlambir, Renghart; Hasanbasri, Mubasyir
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine The 12th UGM Public Health Symposium
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Purpose: The health issues in the 3T regions (Remote, Frontier, and Outer) are complex and require serious attention from the government and society. The 3T regions face challenges in accessing high-quality healthcare services due to healthcare personnel, access, resources, network, transportation, and information limitations. The shortage of healthcare personnel in the 3T regions is a significant issue, with the number of available healthcare personnel not matching the area's size and population. Efforts have been made to improve the public's access to high-quality healthcare services in the 3T regions. Still, the shortage of medical personnel and healthcare services remains a complex issue requiring more effective solutions. This prototype aims to develop an integrated village healthcare management system using telehealth technology to improve basic healthcare services in the 3T regions. This system should enable village nurses to monitor remotely, provide more effective services, and improve patient quality of life. Methods: This study uses a descriptive approach to outline the structure and components of the proposed program, referencing Mintzberg's organizational model. Results: The proposed program forms a structured organizational framework involving key stakeholders such as regional leaders, village heads, community health centers (Puskesmas), telemedicine services, and village-based nurses. Telemedicine is crucial, facilitating direct consultations between nurses and doctors, remote patient monitoring, patient education, and referrals to specialists. This integrated approach aims to improve healthcare accessibility, reduce geographical barriers, and strengthen collaboration among healthcare service providers. Conclusion: Implementing the "One Village, One Nurse, and Telemedicine" program is a strategic initiative to address the challenges of healthcare service provision in the remote 3T regions. This program aims to improve the availability and quality of basic healthcare services at the village level by establishing a structured organizational framework and utilizing telemedicine technology. This holistic approach has the potential to positively impact the health outcomes of people living in remote areas.
Yes, but Impossible: Implementation Research on the Acceptability of self-care practices among people affected by l eprosy in Rupandehi district, Nepal Aryal, Pramila; Ahmad, Riris Andono; Utarini, Adi
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine The 12th UGM Public Health Symposium
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Purpose: To explore the acceptability of self-care practices among people affected by leprosy and stakeholders in the Rupandehi district of Nepal. Methods: This qualitative study is based on in-depth interviews, key-informant interviews, and focus group discussions with the people affected by leprosy and stakeholders in Rupandehi district which is known to be a leprosy-endemic district in Nepal. Qualitative data was used to explore the acceptability of self-care practices and identify facilitators' barriers to accepting self-care practices. A total of 28 respondents were interviewed. Thematic analysis was used to interpret the data based on a TFA framework. Results: Leprosy-affected people have accepted the self-care practices and have a positive attitude towards it. However, due to poverty, lack of resources, and availability of time they find it impossible to practice self-care. To make it worse, less priority was given by the government sector to support self-care practices. Improving perception, minimizing stigma and taboos regarding self-care practices as well as improving service providers' attitudes and support from nongovernmental organizations were identified as facilitators. Conclusion: Despite the awareness and acceptance, self-care is not yet practiced. The program implementor should focus on the availability of resources and policy for poverty reduction
Gender related factors affecting implementation fidelity of Mass Drug Administration of Lymphatic Filariasis Programme in Jhapa district of Nepal: An Implementation Research Khanal, Shreya; Murhandarwati, Elsa Herdiana; Padmawati, Retna Siwi
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine The 12th UGM Public Health Symposium
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Purpose: This study explores gender related factors affecting implementation fidelity of Mass Drug Administration (MDA) of lymphatic filariasis programme in Jhapa, Nepal. Method: Implementation research was conducted using an explanatory sequential design. For quantitative study, valid secondary data was used. For qualitative study, primary data will be collected from 46 respondents including community members and healthcare providers. Result: Only 77.66% epidemiological coverage was reached during MDA conducted in 2023. Both males and females over the age of two were included in the coverage, with females making up 51.01%. The lowest coverage of 46.24% and 79.81% was found among each urban and rural municipalities, respectively. Further, the qualitative data expects to identify underlying gender-related factors justifying the inequitable coverage among municiplaities, between gender and age groups that influences potential moderators in accessing resources, program adherence influenced by gender roles, social norms and values, and decision-making power in healthcare among men and women in urban and rural areas. Thus, the study results expects to provide crucial insights into how gender interacts with potential moderators of implementation fidelity in programme adherence. A study in Nepal's western terai region found that educated individuals, men working away from home as the household breadwinner, elderly individuals, urban communities, and those with chronic illnesses are more likely to miss or refuse mass drug administration (MDA) due to concerns about drug safety and lack of knowledge. Some community members also lack trust in female community health volunteers due to their lower levels of education and training, leading to lower program adherence rates due to persistent gender barriers. Conclusion: The findings obtained from this study will assist in making evidence-based decisions to address gender disparities and inequitability in accessing and utilizing interventions implemented by national neglected tropical disease programs.
Fidelity of implementation of healthcare provider-oriented care and support to people with leprosy for disability prevention and management in Rupandehi district, Nepal Nepal, Sudip; Probandari, Ari; Timilsina, Amit; Joshi, Prakash Chandra; Ahmad, Riris Andono
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine The 12th UGM Public Health Symposium
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Abstract

Purpose: Leprosy, or Hansen’s disease, is a chronic infectious disease likely transmitted by prolonged, close contact with untreated leprosy patients through nasal and oral droplets. Left untreated can lead to irreversible nerve, skin, face, hand, and foot impairments. Healthcare providers should assess and monitor the disease's progress and treat complications. This study aimed to explore the fidelity of implementation of healthcare provider-oriented care and support to people with leprosy for disability prevention and management in the Rupandehi district of Nepal. Methods: This implementation study used a qualitative approach and a multi-source, multi-method case study design to accomplish study objectives. Purposive and selective sampling techniques were used in this study. Focused Group Discussion (FGD), Key Informant Interview (KII) and Observation checklist were used for data collection. Thematic analysis was carried out for the data analysis. Results: The study highlights that healthcare providers adhere to protocols for accurate diagnosis and comprehensive treatment, while challenges include the lack of skin smear test facilities. Patient satisfaction is influenced by timely services, counseling, and access to assistive devices. Various barriers to leprosy services such as financial hardships during referrals, high transportation costs, inconsistent drug supply, inadequate infrastructure, and lack of trained personnel, hinder effective treatment. However, facilitators such as adequate staffing, family involvement, effective communication, external partner support, trained staff, and transportation incentives enhance leprosy services. Conclusion: The study identified major barriers to leprosy services and facilitators enhancing the leprosy services. Addressing these barriers while leveraging facilitators is crucial to the care and support of people with leprosy for disability prevention and management.
Prevalence and Determinants of Malnutrition Among Children Under Five in Ethiopia: Ethiopian Mini Demographic Health Survey (EMDHS) 2019 Degu, Dawit Ayenew; Hasanbasri, Mubasysyir; Arjuna, Tony
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine The 12th UGM Public Health Symposium
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Purpose: This study aims to assess the prevalence and determinants of malnutrition among children under five in Ethiopia, with evidence from the 2019 Ethiopian demographic and health survey as evidence. Methods: The data were analyzed from the 2019 EMDHS, and 3680 (939 urban and 2,741 rural) children under 5 years old were considered in this analysis. The data was extracted, edited, and analyzed using SPSS Version 26. Binary logistic regression models were used to identify the determinants of children's malnutrition. Results: The prevalence of stunting, wasting, and underweight was 31.7%, 9.4%, and 17%, respectively. About 24.5% of children were both stunted and wasted. Among the factors considered in this study, residence region, breastfeeding, electricity, mothers’ education level, household wealth index, child sex, and water and toilet facilities were significantly associated with under-five malnutrition in Ethiopia. Conclusion: Malnutrition among under-five children is one of Ethiopia's public health problems. Therefore, the influence of these factors should be considered in developing an evidence-based health policy and implementing interventions in the healthcare system that target stunting, wasting, and underweight, which can lead to better outcomes for children under five in Ethiopia.

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