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Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 02151936     EISSN : 26148412     DOI : https://doi.org/10.22146/bkm.v37i2.2320
Core Subject : Health,
Nursing Public Health
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM Public Health and Community Medicine) is a peer-reviewed and open access journal that deals with the fields of public health and public medicine. The topics of the article will be grouped according to the main message of the author. This focus covers areas and scope related to aspects of: - Epidemiology - Infectious diseases control - Clinical Epidemiology - Environmental Health - Occupational Health - Healthy City - Public Health and Primary Health Care - School of Health Promotion - Healthy lifestyles - Health promotion - Health and Social Behavior - Tobacco and smoking - Adolescent Health - Public Health Nutrition - Maternal and Child Health - Reproductive Health - Population Health - Health of Vulnerable People - Social Determinants of Health - Water, Sanitation and Hygiene - Human Resource Management
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kesehatan Masyarakat, Kesehatan Lingkungan dan Pekerjaan
Articles 1,528 Documents
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Evaluating the Effectiveness of a Local Food-Based Supplemental Feeding Program in Addressing Chronic Energy Deficiency Among Pregnant Women in Temanggung District Herlina, Beti
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine The 12th UGM Public Health Symposium
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

Background: Chronic Energy Deficiency (CED) in pregnant women is a significant health issue that affects the prevalence of stunting in children. In response, Temanggung District has implemented a Supplemental Feeding Program (SFP) using local food sources to improve the nutritional status of pregnant women and reduce the risk of stunting in children. Objective: This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness and challenges of the Supplemental Feeding Program (SFP) in addressing Chronic Energy Deficiency (CED) among pregnant women in Temanggung District, focusing on the suitability of local food materials and the program's impact on reducing the prevalence of CED. Method: A qualitative descriptive approach was used to assess the implementation of the Supplemental Feeding Program (SFP). Data were collected through in-depth interviews and observations involving health workers, program beneficiaries, and policymakers, utilizing purposive sampling to ensure a comprehensive understanding of the program's implementation and outcomes. Results: The Supplemental Feeding Program (SFP) successfully reached nearly all the targeted pregnant women with Chronic Energy Deficiency (CED) in Temanggung District. However, challenges remain, including issues related to the availability and distribution of quality food materials, limitations in trained human resources, and socio-cultural barriers that affect the acceptance and integration of dietary practices within the community. Conclusion: Recommendations include enhancing inter-agency coordination, refining community education strategies to address negative cultural perceptions towards certain foods, and increasing resource allocation to improve the availability and distribution of food materials. These improvements are expected to enhance the program's effectiveness in reducing the prevalence of Chronic Energy Deficiency (CED) and stunting.
Impact of Water Safety Plans on Health and Water Quality: Scoping Review Lalu, Nur Ayini S
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine The 12th UGM Public Health Symposium
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Purpose: The implementation of Water Safety Plans (WSPs) has become a major focus of efforts to improve water quality and its impact on human health in various countries. This scoping review aims to summarize research results related to the implementation of WSPs in reducing the risk of water contamination and its impact on health. Methods: A scoping review was conducted by reviewing several international journals that examined the application of WSPs from 2010 to 2023. Data extracted included publication characteristics, the impact of WSPs on water quality, the impact of WSPs on health, and the number of systems intervened or analyzed. Results: The scoping review showed that the implementation of WSPs has had a positive impact on water quality with significant reductions in microbiological parameters such as E. coli, improved water treatment effectiveness, and reduced risk of contamination by microbial pathogens. Health impacts were also seen through reduced incidence of water-related diseases such as diarrhea and gastroenteritis. Conclusion: The consistent implementation of Water Safety Plans (WSPs) contributes positively to water quality and human health through controlling the risk of microbiological and chemical contamination. However, it is important to pay attention to the completeness and quality of WSPs implementation to maximize their benefits in maintaining safe drinking water for the community.
Simpustronik: A Management Strategy for Health Service Efficiency and Reducing Bureaucracy in Health Centers Putri, Cici Yuliza
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine The 12th UGM Public Health Symposium
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Purpose: The implementation of the Electronic Community Health Center Information System (Simpustronik) aims to reduce bureaucracy and enhance the efficiency of healthcare services in community health centers (Puskesmas) in Indonesia. Content: Simpustronik replaces the manual recording and reporting system with an integrated digital system, encompassing patient registration, electronic medical records, service scheduling, and drug inventory monitoring. The impact of implementing Simpustronik includes increased operational efficiency, reduced patient waiting times, and more responsive and integrated healthcare services. The main challenges in its implementation are the lack of bureaucratic innovation, limited infrastructure and facilities, and effective hierarchical coordination. However, with government regulatory support and improvements in information technology infrastructure, Simpustronik can overcome these obstacles. Conclusion: Simpustronik has shown significant potential in improving the efficiency and quality of healthcare services at Puskesmas. Effective management strategies, such as socialization, training, and collaboration with various stakeholders, are crucial to ensuring the successful implementation of this program.
Evaluation of Strategies and Challenges in Implementing the Kampung KB Program in Bimomartani Village, Sleman, DIY Rizky, Fadliana Hidayatu
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine The 12th UGM Public Health Symposium
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Purpose: This study analyzes the strategies and challenges in implementing the Kampung Keluarga Berencana (KB) Program in Bimomartani Village, Sleman Regency. The primary focus is identifying obstacles and offering solutions to enhance the program's effectiveness. Methods: The study utilized a qualitative approach to gather data through interviews, observations, and document analysis, focusing on the implementation process and the challenges encountered. Results: The Kampung KB program, initiated by BKKBN, aims to control population growth and improve family welfare through an integrative approach encompassing population, family planning, and family development. The program's implementation in Bimomartani Village has shown positive impacts on the community, such as increased awareness and participation in family planning initiatives. However, several challenges were identified, including an ineffective organizational structure, a lack of human resources, unclear information dissemination, and a limited budget. Conclusion: Structural and operational reforms are necessary to enhance the coordination, information flow, and overall effectiveness of the Kampung KB program. Simplifying, clarifying, and making the organizational structure more flexible will address existing challenges and support the program's goals of improving family welfare and controlling population growth.
Combating Diabetes in the Digital Era: Smart Strategies for Schools and Campuses for Generation Z and Alpha Algifnita, Avina Oktaviani
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine The 12th UGM Public Health Symposium
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Purpose: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a non-communicable disease with a rising global prevalence, including in Indonesia. This issue is especially critical among Generation Z and Generation Alpha, where early-onset diabetes is increasingly common. Factors such as sedentary lifestyles, unhealthy eating habits, and physical inactivity, exacerbated by technological advancements, contribute to this condition. The research gap lies in the lack of integrated and innovative approaches utilizing digital technology for diabetes prevention and management among youth in educational settings. This study aims to identify effective strategies applicable in Indonesian educational institutions to prevent diabetes among young people, drawing on successful initiatives from other countries and Mintzberg's organizational theory. Methods: This study employs a descriptive qualitative approach with case studies conducted in several schools and universities in Indonesia. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with stakeholders, participatory observation, and document analysis. The intervention strategies included developing health curricula, using mobile applications for health monitoring, providing healthy food in cafeterias, and integrating game-based physical activities (gamification). Results: The findings indicate that implementing technology-based health programs in schools and campuses can enhance students' awareness and knowledge about diabetes. Mobile health monitoring applications proved effective in tracking students' nutritional intake and physical activity. These programs also successfully increased student participation in physical activities and reduced the consumption of unhealthy foods in school cafeterias. Conclusion: Collaboration between schools, families, and communities is crucial in creating environments that support healthy lifestyles. Mintzberg's organizational theory coordinated these efforts, ensuring that all organizational components contribute to the same goals. Integrating digital technology is key to the success of these programs, but continuous innovation and adaptation are needed to sustain and adjust to the evolving habits of young generations.
Strengthening the Capacity of Border Health Centers for National Health Resilience Hanifa, Yumna Nur Millati
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine The 12th UGM Public Health Symposium
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Purpose: Community health centers in border areas have a crucial role in preserving public health and preventing the transmission of infectious diseases considering that border areas are place of high mobility for entry and departure ports. Community health centers may ensure national health security and improve public confidence in healthcare by detecting outbreaks early and effectively preventing outbreaks at borders. This concept aims to improve national health resilience by strengthening the capabilities of health centers on the border. Content: Using a contingency theory approach, capacity strengthening is carried out by adapting strategies based on the specific conditions for each border health center. This concept includes increasing human resources through training, procurement of advanced medical equipment and facilities, development of integrated health information and management systems, and increasing cross-sectoral cooperation. Analysis of health data, tracking of disease cases, and community satisfaction surveys on border health center services are used in the evaluation process. Limited infrastructure and human resources will be a challenge, but support from the government, cross-sectoral cooperation, and health worker training will be the significant enablers or facilitators. However, this may impact communities by reducing health risks, increasing national health resilience, and improving trust in healthcare systems. Therefore, strengthening the capacity of border health centers is an intelligent strategy to protect public health and minimize the financial impact of disease outbreaks.
Correlation Analysis of Daily Exposure Duration, Carbon Monoxide Levels on Hemoglobin Levels and Erythrocyte Counts in Grilled Fish Traders in Palangka Raya Chairunnissa, Adinda
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine The 12th UGM Public Health Symposium
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Purpose: The process of grilling fish produces toxic carbon monoxide, inhaled continuously by grilled fish traders. If it enters the blood, it can cause a carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) reaction, so that the body produces new erythrocytes and causes erythrocytes to increase. To determine the correlation between daily exposure duration, carbon monoxide levels on hemoglobin levels, and erythrocyte counts in grilled fish traders in Palangka Raya. Method: The method used is quantitative with a cross-sectional design. Respondents are grilled fish traders who are exposed to smoke. This research will measure carbon monoxide levels in the air using a carbon monoxide meter, hemoglobin levels and erythrocyte counts using a hematology analyzer, and interview grilled fish traders about their daily exposure duration to carbon monoxide. Results: The total number of respondents who were willing to participate in this research was 42 respondents and 28 respondents were not willing, this is because respondents are not brave with needles. The daily smoke exposure duration between 5 and 19 hours (mean = 10.8; SD = 3.5). Carbon monoxide levels in burning stoves are 79% between 101 and 250 ppm, carbon monoxide levels in the facial area of ​​grilled fish traders are 55% between 50 and 100 ppm and carbon monoxide levels on the road are 100% less than 50 ppm or between 0 ppm and 17 ppm. There 19% of respondents had low hemoglobin levels and 21% of respondents had high erythrocyte counts. Conclusion: There is no correlation between carbon monoxide on hemoglobin levels and erythrocyte counts. There is a negative correlation between daily exposure duration and hemoglobin levels. Suggestions for future researchers are that blood sampling was carried out not only once, other confounding variables were analyzed and a multivariate analysis was carried out to further analyze cause and effect.
Measles Outbreak in Sleman 2024 Maziyya, Arifah Alfi; Assaad, Andi Ratu Boelqiah; Khoirunnisa; Hidayat, Wachid Nur; Dharmawidjaja, Isa; Oktaria, Vicka
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine The 12th UGM Public Health Symposium
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Purpose: On January 18th, 2024, the Sleman District Health Office received a notification from Sleman Regional Hospital regarding the presence of 2 measles suspects in 1 family in Pakem, Sleman. This study aims to confirm the outbreak and know its management in Sleman, 2024. Method: A descriptive study was conducted based on person, place, and time. An outbreak is defined when there are 5 or more suspected measles cases within 4 consecutive weeks or at least 2 measles IgM-positive specimens with an epidemiologic link. A confirmed case was defined as a person with fever and rash, whether or not accompanied by cough, coryza, and conjunctivitis, had an epidemiologically link with index case, with confirmed positive Measles IgM. Result: We investigated 22 (15 male and 7 female) close contacts and we found 2 measles IgM-positive cases from January 18th to February 17th, 2024, in Pakem after an epidemiological investigation with an average incubation period of 8 days. 1 case each occurred in females (AR=14%) and males (AR=7%). The finding of 2 cases with measles IgM-positive and epidemiologic link allows us to declare an outbreak. One of two cases have not received MR immunization. Following the outbreak, measles cases were isolated, given antipyretics, vitamin A supplementation (dose), and Clean and Healthy Living Behaviour education. Conclusion: We confirmed a measles outbreak in Sleman. Case management has been carried out quickly to prevent and control widespread transmission. It is important to improve screening of under-five immunization status by Posyandu.
Environmental Health Risks and E. coli Concentration in Drinking Water from Refill Stations in Palembang (Cross-Sectional Study) Mery Astri Yanni
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine The 12th UGM Public Health Symposium
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Purpose: To determine the relationship between environmental health risks (EHR) (including outdoor area, building design and facilities, handlers/operators, equipment, and raw water) and the concentration of E. coli in drinking water produced by drinking water refill stations (DAMIU) in Palembang. Methods: This cross-sectional study utilized primary data on the EHR of DAMIU and water sampling from 106 registered refill stations in Palembang. Samples were randomly and proportionally selected from 18 sub-districts. The EHR checklist combined the Ministry of Health's Food Hygiene and Sanitation Guidelines and WHO's Sanitation Inspection Kiosk. E. coli concentration was determined using the membrane filter method. Variables were analyzed using univariate and bivariate analyses. Results: The average E. coli concentration (SD) in water before and after treatment was 82 CFU/100 mL (121 CFU/100 mL) and 18 CFU/100 mL (45 CFU/100 mL), respectively. There was a significant difference in the average E. coli levels between raw and produced drinking water (Z = -6.260; p < 0.001). The average (SD) EHR scores were: outdoor area 68.39% (18.38%), building design and facilities 71.11% (12.80%), handlers/operators 40.57% (10.46%), equipment 67.14% (10.91%), and raw water 18.42% (45.15%). There were weak correlations between outdoor area (r = -0.28), building design and facilities (r = -0.26), and equipment (r = -0.36) with the concentration of E. coli in the drinking water produced. Conclusion: Some drinking water from DAMIU did not meet the Ministry of Health's standards. Although there was a weak relationship between EHR and E. coli concentration, local health authorities should intervene to improve hygiene and sanitation practices at DAMIU. Additionally, increasing the awareness of depot owners or managers to test their drinking water and improve hygiene practices regularly is essential to ensure water safety.
The Relationship Between Utilization of Discount Coupons on Online Food Delivery Applications with Obesogenic Intake and Obesity Among Nutrition Health Students at Gadjah Mada University Aureally, Thyssa Ariany; Budiningsari, Dwi; Kusumaningrum, Fitrina
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine The 12th UGM Public Health Symposium
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Purpose: This study aims to determine the relationship between the utilization of discounts on online food delivery applications and obesogenic intake as well as obesity nutritional status among students of the Health Nutrition Study Program at Gadjah Mada University. Methods: This research is an observational study that employs a cross-sectional design. The research involves 80 active students who have used online food delivery applications over the last three months and reside in Yogyakarta as of February 2024. The dependent variable is the utilization of discounts. Independent variables are obesogenic intake and obesity status. Confounding variables are respondents' education duration in the Health Nutrition Study Program, pocket money, place of residence, and duration of sleep. The sampling technique used is proportionate stratified random sampling, and the statistical tests used are the Chi-Square test and the Mantel-Haenszel test to control for confounding variables. Results: The utilization of discounts is associated with the frequency of obesogenic intake (p-value: 0.000). The utilization of discounts is not associated with obesity status (p-value: 0.617). Conclusion: There is a relationship between the utilization of discounts and obesogenic intake both before and after being controlled for the duration of education in the Health Nutrition Study Program, pocket money, and place of residence. There is no relationship between the utilization of discounts and obesity status both before and after being controlled for the duration of education in the Health Nutrition Study Program, pocket money, and sleep duration. The restaurant should provide menu options and information on sodium, sugar, and fat for each food and drink available. Subsequent researchers are advised to investigate variables that have not yet been studied, such as stress levels, peer influence, parents' occupations, and incidents of weight gain or overweight.

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