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Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 02151936     EISSN : 26148412     DOI : https://doi.org/10.22146/bkm.v37i2.2320
Core Subject : Health,
Nursing Public Health
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM Public Health and Community Medicine) is a peer-reviewed and open access journal that deals with the fields of public health and public medicine. The topics of the article will be grouped according to the main message of the author. This focus covers areas and scope related to aspects of: - Epidemiology - Infectious diseases control - Clinical Epidemiology - Environmental Health - Occupational Health - Healthy City - Public Health and Primary Health Care - School of Health Promotion - Healthy lifestyles - Health promotion - Health and Social Behavior - Tobacco and smoking - Adolescent Health - Public Health Nutrition - Maternal and Child Health - Reproductive Health - Population Health - Health of Vulnerable People - Social Determinants of Health - Water, Sanitation and Hygiene - Human Resource Management
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kesehatan Masyarakat, Kesehatan Lingkungan dan Pekerjaan
Articles 1,528 Documents
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Prevalence and Determinants of Malnutrition Among Children Under Five in Ethiopia: Ethiopian Mini Demographic Health Survey (EMDHS) 2019 Degu, Dawit Ayenew; Hasanbasri, Mubasysyir; Arjuna, Tony
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine The 12th UGM Public Health Symposium
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

Purpose: This study aims to assess the prevalence and determinants of malnutrition among children under five in Ethiopia, with evidence from the 2019 Ethiopian demographic and health survey as evidence. Methods: The data were analyzed from the 2019 EMDHS, and 3680 (939 urban and 2,741 rural) children under 5 years old were considered in this analysis. The data was extracted, edited, and analyzed using SPSS Version 26. Binary logistic regression models were used to identify the determinants of children's malnutrition. Results: The prevalence of stunting, wasting, and underweight was 31.7%, 9.4%, and 17%, respectively. About 24.5% of children were both stunted and wasted. Among the factors considered in this study, residence region, breastfeeding, electricity, mothers’ education level, household wealth index, child sex, and water and toilet facilities were significantly associated with under-five malnutrition in Ethiopia. Conclusion: Malnutrition among under-five children is one of Ethiopia's public health problems. Therefore, the influence of these factors should be considered in developing an evidence-based health policy and implementing interventions in the healthcare system that target stunting, wasting, and underweight, which can lead to better outcomes for children under five in Ethiopia.
Behavioral change communication strategy options to improve under five-year children’s nutrition: a scoping review Mumtaz, Firial Afra Raisa; Sudiarti, Trini
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine Vol 40 No 07 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v40i07.14137

Abstract

Purpose: This study aims to identify some evidence-based strategies as lessons learned for Indonesia to improve behavioral change communication (BCC) nutrition-related strategies in the future of children under five years of age. Methods: A literature review was conducted using two public databases: PUBMED and PLOS ONE, and grey literature, focusing on randomized controlled studies addressing BCC related to children under five years of age nutrition. Results: BCC strategies encompass various topics, mainly focusing on child feeding and enhancing the capacities of delivery actors. These strategies aim to improve knowledge and other aspects of behavior change theory, such as perceived benefits and barriers, cues to action, and self-efficacy. Various media, with different frequencies and intensities, were used, targeting different beneficiaries and involving diverse delivery actors. Conclusion: Evidence-based strategies provide valuable lessons for future BCC implementation related to child nutrition in Indonesia. It is recommended to use multiple media channels, address various beneficiaries, and involve diverse delivery actors to enhance knowledge, attitudes, and self-efficacy in performing recommended behaviors.
Malaria knowledge and self-medication practices among local community of Papua Zainuri, Agus; Arwimbar, Petrus YI; Irap, Samuel Piter
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine Vol 40 No 09 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v40i09.16308

Abstract

Purpose: Papua Province is Indonesia's largest contributor to malaria cases, accounting for 81% of the national malaria burden. These cases are concentrated in City of Jayapura, Jayapura Regency, Keerom, Mimika, Sarmi, Mamberamo Raya, Asmat, Boven Digoel, and the Yapen Islands. Given this high concentration, there is an urgent need for accelerated efforts to reduce malaria cases, particularly in these areas, to improve the overall malaria situation in Papua. Self-medication behavior plays a crucial role in malaria treatment, but fostering the desired knowledge and behavior around self-medication is challenging. This study surveyed the understanding of malaria and self-medication practices among the local population of Papua. Methods: The survey involved 100 respondents in areas with access to doctors and community health centers (Puskesmas) in Harapan Village, Jayapura Regency. Results: While there is strong knowledge about malaria transmission, significant gaps remain in safe self-medication practices, such as improper medication use and storage. These findings highlight the need for better public education on the importance of following medical instructions and seeking timely medical consultation when self-medication fails. Conclusion: Despite having relatively better access to a public health center, the local Papuan community still exhibits unsafe self-medication practices for malaria treatment. There is an urgent need to improve malaria treatment literacy and educate the community on proper treatment behaviors to ensure more effective malaria control.
Perception regarding hypertension treatments and prevention of hypertension complications among individuals with hypertension Dewi, Trisna Setya; Prabandari, Yayi Suryo; Ratrikaningtyas, Prima Dhewi
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine Vol 38 No 02 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v38i02.3782

Abstract

Purpose: This study aims to explore hypertension patients' perceptions about hypertension treatments and preventing hypertension complications. Method: This study was qualitative and phenomenological. Informants were selected using purposive sampling. The study was performed on 12 individuals with hypertension, three family members of an individual with hypertension, and one health worker. Data were collected using in-depth interviews and a semi-structured interview guide. This study's trustworthiness was achieved using triangulation data sources and member checking. Results: Informants in this study perceived that hypertension treatments consist of pharmacological and herbal treatments. Informants who stopped taking antihypertensive admitted that they did not feel the effectiveness of antihypertensive and felt more effective with herbal treatments. They were also afraid of the long-term side effects of drugs and thought that herbal treatments had no long-term side effects. The informants who felt the effectiveness of antihypertensive regularly continued the treatment and combined it with herbal treatment. The treatments carried out by the informant aim to prevent complications of hypertension; besides that, the informant also believes that a healthier lifestyle can prevent complications. Conclusion: The effectiveness of hypertension treatments that individuals feel can affect their' continuation of the treatments they did. The individuals who did not feel the benefits of treatment tend to take another treatment that is considered more effective. Their concern about hypertension complications is the reason for their adherence to both pharmacological and herbal treatment.
Determinants of exacerbations in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: retrospective cohort study Sihombing, Intan Ully Athalia; Pulungan, Rafiah Maharani; Karima, Ulya Qoulan; Pristya, Terry Y.R; Soetrisno, Arief Budi; Montain, Maya Marinda
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine Vol 38 No 02 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v38i02.3788

Abstract

Purpose: Exacerbations in patients with COPD are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality because of the increased progression of COPD, which is getting worse due to frequent recurrences. This study aimed to determine the factors associated with the incidence of exacerbations in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) at the Bandung Community Lung Health Center (BCLHC). Methods: This study is a secondary data analysis of patient medical records for 2015-2020 with a retrospective cohort study design. The sample in this study amounted to 122 COPD patients who were taken using a purposive sampling technique. The variables studied were age, sex, employment status, marital status, and smoking history. The bivariate data analysis used the chi-square test, and the multivariate data analysis used the multiple Cox regression test with α = 0.05. Results: The results of the multivariate analysis showed an increased risk of exacerbations in the group with a history of smoking (RR = 7.6, 95% CI = 2.9-19.6) compared to the group with no history of tobacco and non-married status (RR = 1.9, 95% CI = 1.1-3.4) compared with the currently married group. Conclusion: It is hoped that COPD sufferers can stop smoking to reduce the risk of exacerbations and the need for support from families for COPD sufferers who are not married.
Factors affecting differences in measles-rubella bias immunization during the COVID-19 pandemic and before the COVID-19 pandemic in Kulon Progo District 2020 Laksono, Bima Adi; Sitaresmi, Mei Neni; Arisanti, Risalia Reni
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine Vol 38 No 02 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v38i02.3817

Abstract

Purpose: This study examines the differences between MR bias immunization and the implementation of MR BIAS before (2019) and during (2020) the pandemic. Methods: This study was a qualitative study with a descriptive approach. Qualitative samples were selected using purposive sampling techniques. Twelve subjects were chosen as samples with occupations such as public health center officer, teacher, and parent. Results: Factors that influenced the implementation of the MR BIAS program before the pandemic (2019) and during the Pandemic (2020) were environmental factors, behavioral factors, and healthcare factors. Environmental factors that affect the implementation of vaccinations include online-based learning, delayed school immunization programs because of COVID-19 cases in schools, and the role of schools and teachers. Behavioral factors that affect the implementation of BIAS are the implementation of health protocols and the attitude of children and parents. Healthcare factors influencing vaccination implementation are immunization services constrained by human resources (HR) and personal protective equipment (PPE). Conclusion: There were differences in implementing monthly school immunization programs in 2019 before and in 2020 during the pandemic. Kulon Progo Regency maintained immunization coverage before and during the pandemic.
E-cigarette user compliance with COVID-19 health protocols in Yogyakarta Khuzaimah, Eriyani; Padmawati, Retna Siwi; Bintoro, Bagas Suryo
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine Vol 38 No 01 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v38i01.3893

Abstract

Purpose: This study aims to explore the compliance of e-cigarette users during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: This research is qualitative research with a phenomenological approach. Data were collected using in-depth interviews, semi-structured guidelines, and observation. The informants were selected using a snowball sampling approach, with a total of 10 e-cigarette users, two health promotion officers, and two e-cigarette shop employees. The validity of research data using triangulation and member checking. Results: The informants still need to fully comply with the policy on using e-cigarettes during the COVID-19 pandemic because the informants still lend each other e-cigarette devices and do not comply with health protocols when using e-cigarettes outdoors. Although this habit is still practiced, the informants are aware that this habit is risky, especially during a pandemic. The use of e-cigarettes during a pandemic can relieve boredom, boredom, and stress. Informants feel that there are different situations, such as community activities that are not running, and the income of e-cigarette sellers is decreasing. The way to access e-cigarettes is different from before the COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusion: E-cigarettes during the COVID-19 pandemic are dangerous, especially the habit of sharing e-cigarettes and gathering without establishing health protocols. However, e-cigarette users tend to ignore and stick to the habit.
Epidemiology of homicide: homicide method and demographic status of victim recorded at Sardjito General Hospital Jessica, Theresia; Pidada, Surya; Widagdo, Hendro
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine Vol 38 No 01 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v38i01.3909

Abstract

Purpose: The study aims to find out associations between the demographic factors for a person to become a homicide victim in Indonesia and the possible method of homicide-related. We hypothesize that there is an association between the demographic status of the homicide victim and the homicide methods and even between the homicide method and incident time themselves. Methods: By using visum et repertum of the homicide victims that were recorded in dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia in 2005-2015. The baseline characteristics are above 15-year-old victims who lived in Bantul District, Sleman District, Yogyakarta City, Kulon Progo District, and Gunungkidul District with identified age, sex, and homicide method and had their incident time recorded in dr. Sardjito General Hospital. The victim’s age, sex, occupation, marital status, and socioeconomic were analyzed to determine if there is any association found to the homicide method that includes homicide method and incident time that the homicide occurred. The association within the homicide method was also analyzed using the same method. Results: Of the 105 homicide victims who had a Visum et Repertum made at the dr. Sardjito General Hospital, most of the homicide victims were male, 20-40 years old, worked for private, were married, had high socioeconomic status, were murdered by blunt force trauma with bleeding as a mechanism of death, during night time and in outside settings. The result shows that the homicide method is found to be significantly associated with sex, as socioeconomic status only affects females. Meanwhile, the incident time of the homicide is related to the age of the victim. The association between the two variables of the homicide method was only found if the victim is male, where poisoning is more likely to occur during daytime, and sharp object trauma is more likely to occur at night. Conclusion: Associations between homicide methods and some of the demographic statuses were found. Male victims with poisoning of homicide method are more likely to occur during the daytime, and sharp object trauma is more likely to occur at night.
Service quality on use level of dental and oral health service at Puskesmas I Kemranjen Kurnianda, Eva; Skripsa, Tira Hamdillah; Utami, Aras; Prabowo, Yoghi Bagus
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine Vol 39 No 08 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v39i08.5927

Abstract

Purpose: Along with the development of technology and the level of education, it is easy for the public to access information. With this, many people demand good quality health services, especially dental and oral health treatment, because customers pay attention to the result of the service. Good service quality can affect customer satisfaction and can support customers in using dental and oral services. Methods: This research was an observational analytic with a cross-sectional approach. This research was conducted at the work area of Puskesmas I Kemranjen from February to March 2022. The total sample was 179 respondents that met the inclusion criteria. The sampling technique used cluster random sampling. The instruments used in this research were the SERVQUAL service quality questionnaire and the service use level questionnaire. The statistical test used was a Spearman correlation test and continued with the ordinal logistic regression test. Results: The results of spearman correlation test analysis showed that there was a significant relationship between tangible (p < 0,001, r = 0,513), reliability (p < 0,001, r = 0,602), responsiveness (p < 0,001, r = 0,580), assurance (p < 0,001, r = 0,589), empathy (p < 0,001, r = 0,551) on the use level of dental and oral health services at Puskesmas I Kemranjen. The results of ordinal logistic regression analysis on the tangible dimensions obtained p = 0,024 and OR = 3,717; on the reliability dimension obtained p = 0,018 and OR = 4,508; on the responsiveness dimension obtained p = 0,003 and OR = 6,240; on the assurance dimension obtained p = 0,014 and OR = 3,962, on the empathy dimension p = 0,039 and OR = 3,320. Conclusion: According to the research results, there was a significant relationship between tangible, reliable, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy regarding the use level of dental and oral health services at Puskesmas I Kemranjen.
Health promotion evaluation of specific sensitive nutrition interventions for stunting management at Bati Health Center, East Nusa Tenggara Rupiasa, Welresna Juliatri Putri; Huriyati, Emy; Padmawati, Retna Siwi
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine Vol 39 No 02 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v39i02.6637

Abstract

Purpose: This study aims to determine the implementation of health promotion, including input, process, output, and outcome components in specific and sensitive nutrition interventions for handling stunting in the working area of Bati Health Center. Methods: This qualitative research uses the descriptive method with a purposive sampling technique so that the number of informants must meet the information adequacy requirements. Data analysis was carried out in a qualitative descriptive setting using a case study approach, which focused intensively on a particular object and studied it as a case. Case study data can be obtained from all parties concerned; in other words, data is collected from various sources. Results: In the input component, supporting health services and health promotion facilities, namely road access/transportation and electricity, still need to be improved. Another obstacle is the delay in providing incentives for health promotion human resources, which is related to delays in village funds. Conclusion: Cross-sectors need to support the implementation of health promotion in villages, including specific and sensitive nutrition interventions, to optimize the reduction of stunting rates in the working area of the Bati Health Center.

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