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Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat

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Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada

ISSN : 02151936 EISSN : 26148412 DOI : https://doi.org/10.22146/bkm.v37i2.2320

Core Subject : Health,

Nursing Public Health

Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM Public Health and Community Medicine) is a peer-reviewed and open access journal that deals with the fields of public health and public medicine. The topics of the article will be grouped according to the main message of the author. This focus covers areas and scope related to aspects of: - Epidemiology - Infectious diseases control - Clinical Epidemiology - Environmental Health - Occupational Health - Healthy City - Public Health and Primary Health Care - School of Health Promotion - Healthy lifestyles - Health promotion - Health and Social Behavior - Tobacco and smoking - Adolescent Health - Public Health Nutrition - Maternal and Child Health - Reproductive Health - Population Health - Health of Vulnerable People - Social Determinants of Health - Water, Sanitation and Hygiene - Human Resource Management

Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kesehatan Masyarakat, Kesehatan Lingkungan dan Pekerjaan

Articles 1,532 Documents

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Faktor-Faktor Risiko Pasien Diabetes Melitus Zahtamal Fifia Chandra, Suyanto, Tuti Restuastuti
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM) Vol 23, No 3 (2007)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada

Background: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) remains a health problem in Indonesia as well as in many other countries. According to Medical Record of Regional Hospital of Arifin Achmad Riau Province, the incidence of DM still high among endocrine, nutrition and metabolic diseases. About 188 cases of DM had recorded in the year 2003, 221 case in the year 2004 and 158 case in 2005. One of the strategies to decrease and manage this disease is by the screening risk factors besides an adequate therapy.Objective: To assess the risk factors for DM such as age, family history of diabetes, dietary habits, knowledge about DM and type of personality amongst patient with DM.Methods: A case-control study was conducted on 154 patient from Regional Hospital of Arifin Achmad Riau Province. Cases included 79 patient identified as a DM and controls include 75 patient who did not suffer DM. Data of age, family history of diabetes, dietary habits and type of personality was taken by questionnaire diabetes risk factors. Data of risk factors was obtained by a questionnaire given to 2 groups (case and control group).Results: There was association between several risk factors and incidence of DM, include; age [odds ratio (OR) = 6, 45; p= 0,000, PAR= 0, 84], family history of DM (OR= 3, 75; p = 0,001, PAR= 0, 73), knowledge about DM (OR= 0, 13; p = 0,000, PAR= -6, 7/as a protective factor). However, there was evidence of a no association between type of personality and incidence of DM (OR= 50.4; p = 0,479, PAR= 0, 98) and also dietary habits (OR= 1, 06; p = 0,896, PAR= 0 06)Conclusion: These findings suggest a complex interaction among age factor, family history of diabetes, knowledge about DM, dietary habits and type of personality with the incidence of DM in Regional Hospital of Arifin Achmad Riau Province.Keywords: risk factors, diabetes mellitus, type of personality

Karakteristik, Pengetahuan, dan Sikap Ibu terhadap Penyakit Demam Berdarah Dengue Herke J. O. Sigarlaki
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM) Vol 23, No 3 (2007)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada

Background: Dengue Haemorragic Fever (DHF) is an illness that we can find in children an adult with the main simptoms such as fever, myalgia which is could be worst after 2 days. Prevention of DHF is organized with health promotion and treatment education for doctors and paramedic and also the involvement of people to eliminate the mosquitos, so we hope at the future the prevalence of DHF could be decreased.Objective: To get information about the distribution of characteristic and behavior of mother toward DHF. The characteristics include age, occupation, and education. While behaviors includes attitude, knowledge, and practice.Method: We use a cross sectional descriptive for study with a questioner and check list as the instrument.Result: From this study we found that 46,4 % of the subject lacked of knowledge about DHF ; 42,5% lacked of knowledge as well as low education. 44,1% lack of knowledge with good attitudeConclusion: The level of education contributes in determining the level of knowledge while knowledge does not always determine that person’s attitude.Keywords: Dengue Haemorragic Fever (DHF), characteristic, knowledge, behavior, attitude

Efek Hipokolesterolemik Susu Kedelai Fermentasi Steril secara In Vitro Fatma Zuhrotun Nisa’, Y.Marsono, Eni Harmayani
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM) Vol 23, No 2 (2007)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada

Background: High blood cholesterol level is a risk factor of atherosclerosis, a condition causing coronary heart disease, obesity and others. The utilization of live cell like probiotic was proven to reduce cholesterol level in blood. The problem of the utilization of live cell was the low of distribution and difficulty in storage. Should be invented an alternate to produce the product with the same characteristic, that is, by utilization of inactive cell.Objective: to evaluate the effect of sterilized fermented soymilk on cholesterol reduction in vitro, that is the binding of cholesterol by the component of sterilized fermented soymilk.Method: The ability of sterilized fermented soymilk to bind cholesterol was assayed using inoculation of sterilized fermented soymilk in MRS medium with 0,1% pure cholesterol then was incubated at 37 C for 24 hours. After incubation, the cholesterol level bonded was measured by O-Pthalaldehid method.Result: The research has shown that the sterilized fermented soymilk and the fermented milk could bind the cholesterol. The sterilized fermented soymilk could bind the cholesterol the higher than the non sterilized fermented soymilk.Conclusion: The sterilized fermented soymilk had the ability of cholesterol bindingKeywords: hypocholesterolemic, fermented soymilk

Latihan Pernapasan dengan Metode Buteyko Meningkatkan Nilai Force Expiratory Volume In 1 Second (%Fev1) Penderita Asma Dewasa Derajat Persisten Sedang Denny Agustiningsih, Abdul Kafi, Achmad Djunaidi
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM) Vol 23, No 2 (2007)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada

Background: Breathing exercises are frequently recommended as an adjunctive treatment for asthma. Breathing exercise for asthma that is recommended in Indonesia is Senam Asma Indonesia, which has a session of aerobic exercise. In Russia and Australia Buteyko method is practiced as a simple exercise for respiration. Principally, the technique of Buteyko is different from other respiration methods.Objective: The aim of this study is to know if the effect of Buteyko method could increase lung function of adult asthmatic patient better than Senam Asma Indonesia.Methods: Design of this study is field experiment with pretest and posttest of the lung function test (FVC, %FVC, FEV1 and %FEV1). The subjects divided into three groups, the group I, given exercise with the Buteyko method, group II given exercise with Senam Asma Indonesia and the group III without any exercise. The exercise was given for 12 weeks. The lung function test was done at the end of every month for all groups.Result: %FEV1 for Buteyko’s group increased significantly but other parameters didn’t.Conclusion: Breathing exercises with Buteyko and Senam Asma Indonesia both could decrease the airway resistance in asthmatic patient, but could not improve the vital capacity of the lung.Keywords: asthma; buteyko method, senam asma Indonesia, lung function test

Hubungan antara Homosistein dan Nitrit Oksid pada Hipertensi Esensial di Jawa Tengah, Indonesia Sunarti Ahmad Husain Asdie, Mohammad Hakimi, Abdul Salam M Sofro
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM) Vol 23, No 2 (2007)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada

Background: The essential hypertension has been related to endothelium-dependent vasodilatation disorders that result of decreasing of nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability. Decreasing of NO can be caused by increase of homocysteine level.Objective: This study is aimed at finding out the effect of homocysteine level on nitric oxide level in essential hypertension, and relationship between NO and blood pressure and hypertension risk in Central Java.Method: This study was case-control nested, in “Surveillance of Non-Communicable Diseases” in Purworejo, Central Java. The subjects were men with essential hypertension and 20-60 years old that had normal value of urine creatinine, blood glucose, cholesterol and triacylglycerol. They didn’t take antihypertension drugs. The methods of Pfeiffer, et al. was used to identify total plasma homocysteine level. NO level was determined by Nitric Oxide Colorimetric Assay Kit (BioVision Cat.K262200).Result: The homocysteine level of the hypertension is higher than that of the non- hypertension (16.15 + 12.69 vs 12.73 + 5.73; P=0.035), whereas the nitric oxide level of the hypertension is lower than that of the non-hypertension (8.22 + 1.88 vs 9.49 + 3.05; P=0.003). Homcysteine level was significantly correlated with nitric oxide level (P=0,016). Negative correlation between nitric oxide level and systolic and diastolic pressures was significant (P=0,005; P=0,045), respectively in subjects of 40-60 years old but not significant (P=0,106; P=0,269), respectively in those younger (20-39 years old). The relationship between nitric oxide and hypertension risk was significant (P=0,005) in subjects of 40-60 years old but not significant (P=0,062) in those younger (20-39years old).Conclusion: The high homocysteine level is a risk factor of hypertension, that reduces the NO bioavailability. The reducing of NO bioavailability was related to increase of blood pressure and hypertension risk, especially it was in the old men.Keywords: homocysteine, nitric oxide, hypertension, Central Java, Indonesia

Hubungan Tingkat Pemenuhan Kebersihan Diri dengan Tingkat Kepuasan Pasien Immobilisasi I Ketut Suardana, Ni Made Wedri, I G.A. Oka Mayuni
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM) Vol 23, No 2 (2007)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada

Background: Self care are the activity where initiated and be done by a person to involving self need and life saving. At Sanglah hospital nursing treatment for personal hygiene serviced by a nurse and actually be done by their family. Muninjaya founded patient unsatisfied with nursing services at Sanglah Hospital di RSUP Sanglah Denpasar. The objective of this study was to describe correlation degree of personal hygiene services with satisfaction of the patient immobilization at Sanglah Hospital.Method: The study was as a descriptive with cross sectional designed that involved 78 patient with immobilization at central hospital Sanglah Denpasar. Data was collecting by structural interview about their experience and expectation until hospitality. Sample was chose proportioned stratified random sampling. The analyzed by quadratic analysis where satisfaction rate measured by comparing evaluations based on experience and expectation. Correlation of self care service with patient satisfaction analyzed by One Way Anova and Regression Linier.Result: The study was found patient dissatisfy with quality of nursing service in aspect reliability, responsiveness, assurance, emphaty, and tangibles. Level of patient satisfaction was averrage 85,89%. There was significant relationship between degree of personal hygiene services with satisfaction (p<0,05). The regression linier found pattern: patient satisfaction= (79,307 + 11,672) X clothed servicesConclusion: Nurse should be increasing nursing service concerned for hygiene patent to clothed.Keywords: personal hygiene services, patient satisfaction

Determinan Penggunaan Metode Kontrasepsi IUD di Indonesia Analisis Data SDKI 2002-2003 Rosyati Pastuti, Siswanto Agus Wilopo
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM) Vol 23, No 2 (2007)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada

Background: Report of Indonesian Health and Demographic Survey (IHDS) 2002-2003 showed an increase of contraceptive use from 57% (1997) to 60% (2002-2003) among married women in Indonesia. The use of Injection method had the highest increase while Intra Uterine Device was decrease. Contraceptive method usually was used based on the reasons for controlling birth and birth spacing. The choice of contraceptive method was influenced by motivation, access and cost.Objective: The goal was to explore the determinant of IUD method use in Indonesia.Method: Data of IHDS 2002-2003 was analyzed using cross-sectional study design. Sample was married women aged 15-49 years old who use IUD method. Data was analyzed statistically using chi-square test and logistic regression at 95% significant level.Result: Logistic regression analysis showed a significant relationship between the demand of contraceptive use and IUD method use. Respondent with birth control reason had a probability of 2.8 times to use IUD (OR=2.8; CI 95%=2.45-3.13). Health service place and cost of service were also had a significant relationship with contraceptive use demand. Respondent who used government’s health facility had a probability to use IUD OR=1.9; CI 95%=1.67-2.06).Conclusion: Respondent with birth control reason tends to use IUD. Those who use government’s health facility and those who paid more than Rp200.000,00 were also tend to use IUD. Another factors influence IUD method use was age, parity, education level, economic status and residence status.Keywords: IUD, family planning, birth spacing

Hubungan antara Kadar Plumbum (Pb) dan Hipertensi pada Polisi Lalu Lintas di Kota Manado Mery Bidangan Pasorong, Haripurnomo Kushadiwijaya, Nawi Ng, Vitalis Pribadi
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM) Vol 23, No 2 (2007)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada

Background: Hypertension can be divided into two types, i.e. primary and secondary hypertension. Risk factors related to incidence of essential hypertension, among others are age, sex, smoking, alcohol, obesity, inactivity and air pollution. Air pollution can derive from motor vehicles and air which contains plumbum (Pb). Pb may enter the body through inhalation, foods, drinks and absorption through skin. The effects of Pb for health are blood pressure elevation (hypertension), brain damage, neural damage, decrease of intelligence quotient inchildren, miscarriage and damage of male reproductive system. Population with high risk Pb exposure are traffic police working on the road.Objective: The objective of the study was to identify relationship between Pb level in the blood and prevalence of hypertension among traffic police in Manado Municipality.Method: The study used cross sectional design. Sample consisted of 192 subjects or study participants: 96 traffic police officers working on roads and 96 working at the office of Manado Capital City Police. Study participants were chosen using simple random sampling technique. Data were analyzed descriptively, using univariable and multivariable analyses.Result: The result of univariate analysis showed that Pb in blood had significant relationship (p<0.05) with incidence of hypertension (OR=6.50). The result of multivariate analysis showed that Pb in blood had significant relationship with incidence of hypertension (p<0.05). The value of OR=7.42 (95% CI 2.58-21.31) indicated that policemen having Pb level in blood = 6.27µg/dl had 7.42 times higher risk in suffering from hypertension than those with Pb level in blood < 6.27 µg/dl after being controlled with length of on duty, length of work, mother’s/ father’s history of hypertension, sports activities and smoking. Although after being controlled with length of on duty and length of work the relationship between Pb level in blood and incidence of hypertension was statisticallyinsignificant (p>0.05), by looking at the value of Odds Ratio (OR) it could be identified that traffic policemen working more than 8 hours/day had 2 – 2.4 times higher risk of suffering from hypertension than those working in the office. Mothers’/father’s history of hypertension, sports inactivities and smoking also increased risk of hypertension incidence among traffic policemen.Conclusion: There was relationship between Pb level in blood and incidence of hypertension after being controlled with length of on duty, length of work, mother’s/father’s history of hypertension, sports activities and smoking.Keywords: Plumbum (Pb) level, hypertension, traffic policeman

Penilaian Peran serta Masyarakat dalam Akselerasi Penurunan Angka Kematian Ibu dan Angka Kematian Bayi Niniek L. Pratiwi
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM) Vol 23, No 2 (2007)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada

Background and Methods: This research analyzed the assessment of community organizations in efforts to accelerate the decrease of maternal and infant mortality rates (MMR and IMR). This was an explorative study using qualitative and quantitative data. It was conducted in four provinces: Central Kalimantan, South Sulawesi, Central and East Java. In each province two districts were selected with criteria of high MMR and IMR, and low MMR and IMR.Result and Conclusion: Results showed that the roles of community organizations to accelerate the decrease of MMR and IMR limited in promoting and providing education to overcome four excesses (4 terlalu) and three delays (3 terlambat). The organizations considered these roles were not enough, and also the utilization of budget to these activities was not optimal. In the future the community organizations applying community participation should enhanced the members’ senses of belonging by active participation in planning process starting from problems identification until factual contributions to achieve higher social concerns so that the five steps changing of an innovation could be achieved.Keywords: community organization, powerful community

Pengaruh Faktor-Faktor Psikososial dan Insomnia terhadap Depresi pada Lansia di Kota Yogyakarta Carla R. Marchira, Ronny T. Wirasto, Sumarni DW
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM) Vol 23, No 1 (2007)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada

Background: Even though depression among elderly is a common psychosociogeriatric problems, it needs to be taken seriously from the public health point of view. Many factors contributed to depression, among which are psychosocial factors (i.e. age, educational level, marital status, stressor, religious level, and social support) and physical and psychological problems.Objectives: The study was aimed to observe the influence of psychosocial factors (psychosocial stressor, social support, and religious level) and insomnia toward depression among elderly in Yogyakarta City.Material and Methods: The cross sectional study was conducted among elderly in Yogyakarta City. Instrument used in the study included: the Geriatric Depression Scale, the Psychosocial Stressor Study Instrument (IPSP), the Social Support questionnaire, the Mini Mental State Examination for cognitive screening; the KSPBJ InsomniaRating Scale; and praying instrument from KPDRY. Univariate analysis and multivariate stepwise logistic regression were used for this study.Results: A total of 128 elderly people were recruited into this study. Mean age of respondent was 70.23 years (range: 60-88 years), with 32.8% respondents were male. Significant risk factors for depression included sex (p<0.05), age (p<0.05), education level (p=0.001), psychosocial stressor (p<0.001), religiousity level (p=0.001), insomnia (p<0.001), and social support (p<0.001). In the multivariate logistic regression, social support was identified as a significant factor with ap<0.001 and r2 of 61.9%.Conclusions: Social support is amongst the most important factors of depression among elderly in Yogyakarta CityKeywords: psychosocial factors, insomnia, depression, elderly people

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Sekretariat Bersama Jurnal, Lt. 2 Atas Kantin IKM, FK-KMK UGM Jl. Farmako, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta 55281

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Home Page

OAI Link

Editorial Team

Contact

Reviewer

Google Scholar

Contact Name Ika Kusumaningtyas

Contact Email tyas.kusuma@ugm.ac.id

Phone +628988833412

Journal Mail Official bkm.fk@ugm.ac.id

Editorial Address Sekretariat Bersama Jurnal, Lt. 2 Atas Kantin IKM, FK-KMK UGM Jl. Farmako, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta 55281

Location Kab. sleman, Daerah istimewa yogyakarta INDONESIA

Abstract

Abstract

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Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

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Abstract

Contact Name
Ika Kusumaningtyas

Contact Email
tyas.kusuma@ugm.ac.id

Phone
+628988833412

Journal Mail Official
bkm.fk@ugm.ac.id

Editorial Address
Sekretariat Bersama Jurnal, Lt. 2 Atas Kantin IKM, FK-KMK UGM Jl. Farmako, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta 55281

Location
Kab. sleman,

Daerah istimewa yogyakarta

INDONESIA