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INDONESIA
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 02151936     EISSN : 26148412     DOI : https://doi.org/10.22146/bkm.v37i2.2320
Core Subject : Health,
Nursing Public Health
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM Public Health and Community Medicine) is a peer-reviewed and open access journal that deals with the fields of public health and public medicine. The topics of the article will be grouped according to the main message of the author. This focus covers areas and scope related to aspects of: - Epidemiology - Infectious diseases control - Clinical Epidemiology - Environmental Health - Occupational Health - Healthy City - Public Health and Primary Health Care - School of Health Promotion - Healthy lifestyles - Health promotion - Health and Social Behavior - Tobacco and smoking - Adolescent Health - Public Health Nutrition - Maternal and Child Health - Reproductive Health - Population Health - Health of Vulnerable People - Social Determinants of Health - Water, Sanitation and Hygiene - Human Resource Management
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kesehatan Masyarakat, Kesehatan Lingkungan dan Pekerjaan
Articles 1,548 Documents
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Non-adherence to pulmonary tuberculosis treatment: prevalence and associated factors in an urban community health center in Makassar, Indonesia Zalsah Puteri Annisa Syahrani; Ridwan Amiruddin; Eri Wijaya; Octavio Sequeira; Bayu Satria Wiratama
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat Vol 42 No 03 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v42i03.28079

Abstract

Purpose: Non-adherence to tuberculosis (TB) treatment remains a major public health concern, contributing to drug resistance, ongoing trans- mission, and increased morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and determinants of treatment non-adherence among pulmonary TB patients at the Tamalate Public Health Center, Makassar City, Indonesia, focusing on sociodemographic, behavioral, and health-related factors. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from April 2024 among 110 pulmonary TB patients selected through exhaustive sampling. Treatment adherence was measured using the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS). Data were collected via structured interviews using KoboCollect and analyzed in Stata 14.0 using univariate and bivariate analyses (Chi-square and odds ratio). Results: Among 110 respondents, 30.0% were non-adherent. Most demonstrated poor TB-related knowledge (77.3%), low income (65.4%), and low education levels (42.7%). More than half experienced adverse drug effects (55.4%) and reported high family support (54.6%). In multivariate analysis, poor knowledge about tuberculosis remained independently associated with treatment non-adherence (aOR = 7.3; 95% CI: 2.13–25.30). Other factors, including adverse drug effects, household income, educational level, employment status, health insurance type, and family support, were not independently associated with non-adherence after adjustment. Conclusion: Treatment non-adherence in urban TB patients was primarily driven by poor tuberculosis-related knowledge, underscoring the need for strengthened, structured patient education within TB control programs.
Post-pandemic behaviour among Indonesian young adults: a mixed-method study on physical activity, dietary patterns, and sleep habits Rizky Sugianto Putri; Fadhila Inas Pratiwi; Ratna Azis Prasetyo; Citra Hennida
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat Vol 42 No 03 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v42i03.28183

Abstract

Purpose: This study investigates the post-pandemic habits of Indonesian young adults aged 18 to 23 in Indonesia. It uses a cross-sectional design to evaluate their physical activity levels, dietary patterns, and sleep habits. Methods: A mixed-methods, cross-sectional study used an online questionnaire with quantitative and qualitative data from 260 purposively sampled respondents. Quantitative data were collected and analysed using Spearman’s correlation. The quantitative data comprise three assessments: the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), dietary patterns, and sleep routines. Additionally, qualitative data were gathered through one open-ended question to explore perceived changes in lifestyle habits and were analysed using thematic analysis. Results: A sedentary lifestyle markedly affects various aspects of post-pandemic wellbeing among young adults, with three main changes. Firstly, 80.4% reported exercising fewer than 10 times a month or for less than 150 minutes per week. Secondly, 58.1% preferred ultra-processed foods such as boba drinks, coffee, cereals, tteokbokki, and takoyaki, citing current trends and convenience as influences. Thirdly, 65.4% experienced inadequate sleep, averaging 6-7 hours per night, linked to high screen time. Personal challenges and behavioural shifts post-pandemic were also evident in subjective responses during the transition to what has become the normalised modern lifestyle. Conclusion: Inactivity, poor diet, and lack of sleep emphasise the importance of campaigns encouraging healthier lifestyles among young adults. Tackling these interconnected risks requires coordinated efforts from universities, public health authorities, and policymakers to promote active routines, digital balance, and preventative health strategies for youth.
Behavioral determinants of retention in Indonesia’s national health insurance: a retrospective cohort study of informal workers Syarif Rahman Hasibuan
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat Vol 42 No 03 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v42i03.28542

Abstract

Purpose: This study aimed to examine factors influencing enrollment continuity among self-enrolled members of Indonesia’s National Health Insurance (JKN) from 2018 to 2023. Methods: This study used data from BPJS Kesehatan, a longitudinal cohort of 124,486 active members in 2018, and followed up to assess participation status in 2023. Results: About 38.1% of participants became inactive, and those who had never used primary or hospital care were over four times as likely to drop out (OR 4.27; 95% CI 4.25–4.28). Inactivity was also more common among rural residents and members living outside the Java–Bali region. Conclusion: These findings suggest a risk of adverse selection, where low-utilizers exit while high-need members remain. Retention depends not only on affordability but also on perceived value, highlighting the need for preventive outreach, service quality improvements, and simplified administrative processes.
Caregiver practice and quality of life among children with cerebral palsy Sulistiyawati, Eka; Wahab, Abdul; Harisaputra, Rosalia Kurniawati
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat Vol 42 No 04 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v42i04.14401

Abstract

Purpose: This study explored how caregiver practices relate to the quality of life (QoL) of children with cerebral palsy (CP) in Surakarta, with particular attention to caregiver adherence to recommended care and to CP severity as determinants of QoL outcomes. Methods: A retrospective cohort design was employed involving 163 children with CP and their primary caregivers in Surakarta. Data were collected from medical and caregiver records to assess caregiver adherence to recommended care practices, severity of CP, and children’s QoL. Statistical analyses were conducted to determine the strength of associations between caregiver adherence, CP severity, and QoL outcomes. Results: High caregiver adherence was significantly associated with improved QoL in children with CP. Children whose caregivers showed high adherence were 2.75 times more likely to have better QoL than those with low adherence. Additionally, CP severity emerged as a strong predictor of QoL, with more severe cases associated with poorer QoL. Conclusion: The findings suggest that caregiver practices, particularly consistent adherence to recommended care plays an important role in supporting the quality of life of children with CP. At the same time, the clinical severity of CP remains a key influencing factor. Strengthening caregiver training, improving access to healthcare support, and promoting more holistic rehabilitation approaches may therefore improve long-term outcomes for children with CP.
Preventing adolescent anemia in the patrilineal-Sasak culture: a qualitative study Mulianingsih, Misroh; Yusron, Meyka Aris; Halid, Sopian; M. Karjono
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat Vol 42 No 04 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v42i04.23021

Abstract

Purpose: This study aimed to explore the initial conditions of parenting practices, family perceptions of anemia, household support mechanisms, and social support from peers and schools among anemic adolescent girls within a patrilineal cultural context in North Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. Methods: Using a qualitative approach, in-depth interviews were conducted with eight key informants—health workers, school representatives, and traditional leaders—in the working areas of Puskesmas (Public Health Centers) Gangga and Bayan, North Lombok. These locations were selected due to high anemia prevalence, strong patriarchal traditions, and extreme poverty. Data were collected through 60-minute face-to-face interviews using structured guides, recorded, and thematically analyzed following the Miles & Huberman framework. Results: Findings reveal low community awareness about adolescent anemia, with parenting still heavily influenced by tradition. Many families lack knowledge of the causes and consequences of anemia. Poor dietary habits in both areas further highlight the need for parental awareness of nutrition. Collaborative efforts among schools, health centers, and families are essential. Conclusion: Patrilineal culture and limited understanding of anemia prevention hinder efforts to prevent anemia; active family involvement in nutrition education is key to improving adolescent well-being.
Access and gaps in maternal–child health services among housewives living with HIV in Yogyakarta, Indonesia: an in-depth interview study Utami, Fitriana Putri; Ruliyandari, Rochana; Ratih, Suci Puspita; Farid, Nik Daliana Binti Nik
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat Vol 42 No 04 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v42i04.27873

Abstract

Purpose: This study examines access to antiretroviral therapy (ART), reproductive health services, and peer support among housewives living with HIV. It identifies barriers and unmet needs in maternal and child HIV care. Methods: This qualitative case study has five housewives living with HIV purposively selected as primary informants, supported by three HIV service providers as triangulation. Data were collected through in-depth interviews and analyzed using a thematic analysis. Results: Adult anti- retroviral therapy (ART) services were generally accessible at public health centers; however, participants often avoided facilities near their homes to prevent unintended disclosure and stigma. Maternal health services, including Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission (PMTCT), were avail- able but unevenly implemented, with comprehensive care concentrated in referral hospitals and variable provider familiarity with PMTCT protocols. Limited contraceptive use reflects misconceptions about reproductive health needs among married women with HIV. Peer support groups were crucial for psychosocial support and sustained engagement in care. Major gaps were identified in child health services, particularly pediatric HIV care, marked by hospital-centered ART provision and culturally appropriate guidance for HIV status disclosure to perinatally infected children. Conclusion: Although some maternal–child health services are accessible, substantial gaps remain in PMTCT, reproductive health, and pediatric HIV care. Strengthening provider capacity, addressing stigma, and developing integrated, child-friendly services—including clear guidance on pediatric HIV disclosure—are needed to support housewives living with HIV and their families.
Effectiveness of an interactive nutrition education kit on mothers’ knowledge and attitudes toward stunting prevention: a quasi-experimental study Ainiyyah, Az Zahra Nur; Siswati, Tri; Waluyo; Sitasari, Almira; Ar-Rasyid, Muhammad Abdul Halim; Attawet, Jutharat
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat Vol 42 No 04 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v42i04.27998

Abstract

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of KIT DENTING, an interactive multimodal nutrition education kit, in improving mothers’ knowledge and attitudes toward stunting prevention compared with conventional leaflet-based education. Methods: A quasi-experimental study with a nonequivalent pre–post-test control group design was conducted among 60 mothers of children aged 0–23 months in the working area of Pakem Primary Health Center, Sleman Regency, Yogyakarta. Participants were assigned to an intervention group that received nutrition education using KIT DENTING or a control group that received leaflet-based education. Knowledge and attitudes were assessed at baseline (pre-test), 1 week after the intervention (post-test 1), and 4 weeks after the intervention (post-test 2). Data were analyzed using paired and independent statistical tests to examine within- and between-group differences. Results: Both groups showed significant improvements in knowledge following the intervention. In contrast, the intervention group demonstrated greater and more sustained improvements in knowledge and attitudes at both follow-up points. Compared with the control group, the intervention group sustained knowledge gains and showed improvements in attitudes, but with reduced effect consistency at four weeks of follow-up. Conclusion: Nutrition education using the interactive multimodal KIT DENTING was more effective than leaflet-based education in improving and sustaining mothers’ knowledge and attitudes toward stunting prevention. These findings support the integration of interactive, multimodal nutrition education tools into community-based IYCF and stunting-prevention programs at the primary health care level.
Uncovering determinants and risk factors of pediculosis capitis in boarding school: epidemiological evidence from Pelalawan Regency, Riau Province, Indonesia Maryanti, Esy; Alparisi, Bima Diokta; M. Ihsan; Inayah
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat Vol 42 No 04 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v42i04.28255

Abstract

Purpose: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of pediculosis capitis, analyze its association with risk factors, and apply multiple logistic regression modeling to identify determinant factors and estimate the probability of pediculosis capitis among boarding school students. Methods: An observational, analytic, cross-sectional study was conducted from January to October 2024 at the Boarding School in Pelalawan Regency, Riau Province. A total of 340 junior and senior high school students were recruited using consecutive sampling. Pediculosis capitis was diagnosed through direct examination of the scalp and hair. Data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate analyses, followed by multivariate multiple logistic regression. Results: The prevalence of pediculosis capitis was 31.5%. Bivariate analysis showed significant associations between infestation and gender, hair length, hair shape, sharing personal accessories, and co-sleeping habits (p < 0.05). Multivariate analysis identified female gender (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 17.03; 95% CI: 7.07–40.97) and non-straight hair shape (AOR = 2.13; 95% CI: 1.20–3.69) as determinants. The highest estimated probability of infestation was observed among female students with non-straight hair (70%). Conclusion: Pediculosis capitis affected nearly one-third of boarding school students in Riau Province. Female gender and non-straight hair shape were the main determinants, highlighting the need for targeted prevention strategies in high-risk groups.

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