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Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat

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Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada

ISSN : 02151936 EISSN : 26148412 DOI : https://doi.org/10.22146/bkm.v37i2.2320

Core Subject : Health,

Nursing Public Health

Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM Public Health and Community Medicine) is a peer-reviewed and open access journal that deals with the fields of public health and public medicine. The topics of the article will be grouped according to the main message of the author. This focus covers areas and scope related to aspects of: - Epidemiology - Infectious diseases control - Clinical Epidemiology - Environmental Health - Occupational Health - Healthy City - Public Health and Primary Health Care - School of Health Promotion - Healthy lifestyles - Health promotion - Health and Social Behavior - Tobacco and smoking - Adolescent Health - Public Health Nutrition - Maternal and Child Health - Reproductive Health - Population Health - Health of Vulnerable People - Social Determinants of Health - Water, Sanitation and Hygiene - Human Resource Management

Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kesehatan Masyarakat, Kesehatan Lingkungan dan Pekerjaan

Articles 1,519 Documents

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Kepuasan Siswa Slta terhadap Penyuluhan Kesehatan Reproduksi Remaja oleh Badan Koordinasi Keluarga Berencana Nasional Nina Rahmadiliyani; Mubasysyir Hasanbasri; Fitriani Mediastuti
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM) Vol 26, No 4 (2010)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada

Background: Adolescent reproductive health program is a description form of the mission of National Family Planning Coordination Body’s Program (BKKBN), which is preparing early qualified human resources in order to create qualified family in 2015. In order to guarantee the rights of sexual and reproductive health youth provision, it is required an integrated and cross-sector effort. Reproductive health education activities that have been conducted in the schools is that health education is integrated into physical education and health lessons and biology.Objectives: This study aims to know the satisfaction of the senior high school students to adolescent reproductive health’s counseling, to know the implementation of adolescent reproductive health counseling and find out the coordination of reproductive health high school adolescents by BKKBN.Method: This research is experimental research with non-analytical with retrospective approach supported quantitative with qualitative methods.Results: Analysis of univariable that students who are not satisfied with adolescent reproductive health’s counseling are important as 30 respondents, the least important of 30 respondents. Bivariable analysis is bivariate relationship between counseling and satisfaction is significantly proven (at 5% error level).Conclusion: Counseling adolescent reproductive health in high school by BKKBN District Klaten not give satisfaction to the students. Implementation counseling adolescent reproductive health by BKKBN District Klaten not meet the needs of students, Espionage activities by BKKBN District Klaten program is still only knowledgeable about the needs of the urgency of adolescent reproduction, School has a new initiative to request assistance from the BKKBN but can not manage the service needs of adolescents. National Family Planning Coordination Body’s Program (BKKBN) is hoping to involve students in implementation strategy program to reach an effective activity.Keywords: satisfaction, implementation, counseling, coordination

Evaluasi Pelayanan Manajemen Terpadu Balita Sakit terhadap Kesembuhan Pneumonia pada Anak Balita Nurhayati Djaswadi Dasuki, Tunjung Wibowo
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM) Vol 26, No 4 (2010)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada

Background: Infant and under-five children mortality remains a major problem in Indonesia, especially caused by infectious diseases such as pneumonia. Based on the 2002-2003 Indonesia’s Demographic and Health Survey, infant and under-five mortality rates are 35 per 1000 live births and 46 per 1000 live births, respectively. Nationally, Health Office has implemented Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI) in primary health centers (PHCs) since 1997 to improve the coverage of pneumonia finding in under-five children. In 2005, infant mortality rate in Jambi Province was still high, that is, 41 per 1000 live births while infant mortality rate in Bungo District was 93 per 6108 live births 15,2%. Each year, there are 9 babies and 1 under five child that die and for the average there is one under five child (10%) who die because of pneumonia. In other words, there are three under five children who die every year in primary health center due to pneumonia. To avoid the death of infant and under five children, primary health center should implement standard IMCI program, yet in field it has still been facing obstacles and constraints.Objective: To investigate the results of standard IMCI service toward the recovery of under-five pneumonia in primary health centers of Bungo District in 2007.Method: This was a prospective cohort study. Sampling technique was purposive sampling. There were two groups in this study, namely case group which was exposed with the standard IMCI service and group which was exposed with non standard IMCI service. One hundred and twenty-four subjects were under-five children 2 months-5 years of age presenting pneumonia with α = 0.05 and β = 20%. Data were analyzed with univariable, bivariable, and multivariable analyses logistic regression and hypothesis test used was chi-square with p<0.05, CI 95%.Results: There was a significant relationship between the standard IMCI service, the distance to the PHC and the mothers’ education and the recovery of under-five pneumonia (OR=3.14 CI 95%=1.59-6.21 p=0.00; OR=1.68 CI 95%=1.09-2.57 p=0.00; OR=0.57 CI 95%=0.35-0.92 p=0.02, respectively). However, family income had an insignificant relationship with under-five pneumonia.Conclusion: The standard IMCI services have a greater chance toward the recovery of under-five pneumonia compared to non standard IMCI services.Keywords: services, standard, IMCI, recovery, pneumonia, under-five children

Efektivitas Pendidikan Kesehatan Melalui E-File Multimedia Materi KRR dan Tatap Muka di Kelas terhadap Peningkatan Pengetahuan Kesehatan Reproduksi Remaja Muhamad Arfan, Siswanto Agus Wilopo, Budi Wahyuni
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM) Vol 26, No 3 (2010)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada

Background: Reproductive health has not been fully incorporated into health education in the formal school system due to limited time allocation and teachers. Since media have become an inseparable part of adolescents’ life as more than just their peer, therefore, one alternative in educating adolescents on reproductive health is by using the E-file multimedia of ”The Information, Education and Communication Materials on Adolescent Reproductive Health”.Objective: To examine the effectiveness of adolescent reproductive health E-file multimedia as a method of health education in improving adolescents’ knowledge on reproductive health.Methods: The study was an experimental study designed using quasi experiment. Samples were selected by purposive sampling. Samples were 77 junior high school students. Data were analyzed using t test by applying multiple linear regressions in order to examine the difference in the average scores of adolescents’ knowledge on reproductive health.Results: The average score of health education on reproductive health using multimedia electronic file was 4.31 at deviation standard 1.32 whereas using face to face method in the classroom was 2.5 with deviation standard 1.39. Average difference in both methods was 1.8 at 95% CI (1.19 – 2.42) and p=0.00 or p<0.05.Conclusion: There was no difference between multimedia electronic file method and face to face method in improving knowledge of teenagers about reproductive health.Keywords: health education, knowledge E-file, multimedia, adolescent reproductive health.

Konsumsi Minuman Beralkohol dan Proses Negosiasi Pemakaian Kondom pada Pekerja Seks Perempuan dan Pelanggannya di Denpasar Sagung Sawitri, Yanri Subronto, Sri Suryawati
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM) Vol 26, No 3 (2010)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada

Background: HIV/AIDS prevalence among female sex workers (FSWs) tend to increase, at 1% in 1999 to 17% in 2008. Meanwhile, previous surveys showed the existence of alcohol consumption behavior among FSWs and their clients, which possibly influence the condom negotiation process among them.Objective: To asses the role of alcohol consumption into condom negotiation process among FSWs and their clients.Methods: Design study was cross sectional, involving 190 FSWs from 22 randomly selected clusters in Denpasar. FSWs were interviewed in their workplace using structured questionnaire, on some variables: demographic characteristics, alcohol consumption pattern, partner/clients characters, and condom negotiation process. Alcohol consumption was defining as either FSWs or the client has consumed alcohol before sexual intercourse. Condom negotiation process were build from 6 items of proposition and 5 items of responses, and were divided into effective and poor process. Those variables were analyzed using Chi-square test, followed by Logistic Regression.Results and conclussions: Around 105 (55.3%) FSWs were consumming alcohol, 62.3% started <25 years, 64.8% has been consumming for >1 year, with three majority drinks were bir (95.2%), wine (34.3%), and arack (26.7%). More than half (54.8%) FSWs never drank >6 drinks and 41.3% has never been drunken with their clients. To new clients, alcohol consumption was proven to influence negotiation process scene 2 (PR 1.822, 95%CI 1.220-2.721), while to regular clients this role was potentially significant (PR 1.501, 95%CI 0.932-2.418). Multivariate analysis demonstrated consistent result among new clients, along with condom access but not with regular clients.Keywords: FSWs, alcohol consumption, condom negotiation

Paparan Asap dalam Rumah, Hewan Peliharaan, Lingkungan Tempat Tinggal dan Sosial Ekonomi dengan Kejadian Asma Bronkial pada Anak Astuti Erwin Hari, Naning Roni, Wibowo Trisno Agung
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM) Vol 26, No 3 (2010)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada

Background: World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that 100 of 150 million world population suffer from asthma and the number increases 180,000 people a year. The prevalence of bronchial asthma at District of Boyolali is increasing over years. The prevalence was 1.1% in 2005; 1.5% in 2006; 1.5% in 2007 and 2.55% in 2008.Objective: To identify association between exposure to smoke in the house, pets, living environment and social economic condition and the prevalence of asthma in children.Methods: The study was analytic observational with a case control study design. Samples were as many as 234 children (117 cases and 117 control) taken with consecutive sampling technique. Location of samples were Mojosongo Health Center, Cepogo Health Center and Banyudono Hospital. Control were taken from the same location, i.e. children diagnosed not having asthma. Analysis used Chi Square and multiple logistic regression.Results: The result of bivariate analysis showed score of kitchen smoke exposure was OR=2.33 and p=0.00; cigarette smoke exposure was OR=1.87 and p=0.03. Contact with pets (cats/dogs) showed OR=2.33 and p=0.01. Social economic condition showed OR=2.13 and p=0.01. Living environment showed OR=1.62 and p=0.09. The result of multivariate analysis showed exposure to kitchen smoke was p=0.00 and OR=2.36; exposure to cigarette smoke was p=0.02 and OR=1.98; contact with pets (cats/dogs) p=0.02 and OR=2.23;social economic condition was p=0.01 and OR=2.27.Conclusion: Risk factors associated with the prevalence of bronchial asthma in children were exposure to kitchen smoke, cigarette smoke, contact with pets and social economic condition.Keywords: bronchial asthma, risk factors, case control

Persepsi dan Aktifitas Kader PSN DBD terhadap Pencegahan dan Pemberantasan Demam Berdarah Dengue Indah Trisnaniyanti, Yayi Suryo Prabandari, Citraningsih Y
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM) Vol 26, No 3 (2010)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada

Background: Banjarbaru municipality is a DHF endemic area because of the annual occurrence. From the year of 2001 up to 2007 there was always a number of people who was died because of the disease. Effort to control DHF by municipality health office of Banjarbaru was DHF promotion, early awareness on DHF and forming trained cadre of mosquito net control (PSN) of DHF. This was shown from the result of PJB from the year of 2002 up to 2007 and the average of AJB was under 95% and the incident rate of DHF was still up and down every year. The cadre of PSN DHF was expected could stimulate communities’ participation in order to implement the PSN so that DHF incident could be suppressed.Objective: This research was aimed to find out the correlation of perception and activity of cadre of PSN DHF in DHF prevention and control in Banjarbaru municipality.Methods: This was an observational research that used cross sectional design. The research variable consisted of independent variable that was internal factor (knowledge, age, education level, job) and external factor (information source, information media) and the confounding variable was perception on cadre of PSN DHF and the dependent variable was activity of PSN DHF cadre. The sample was taken with proportional random sampling and the analysis being used was univariate analysis and bivariate analysis with t test and regression linear was used to examine the correlation strength.Results: The research result showed that respondent’s perception was already good (81,08%) and respondent’s activity was also good (77,36%). There was a significant correlation between respondent’s knowledge on DHF disease with perception of PSN DHF cadre (p<0,05) while age, education level and job did not have significant correlation with perception of PSN DHF cadre (p>0,05). There was an unsignificant correlation between analysis of information source and information media with perception of PSN DHF cadre (p>0,05). Furthermore, there was a significant correlation between cadre’s perception with cadre’s activity (p < 0,05).Conclusion: Perception and activity of PSN DHF cadre in the municipality of Banjarbaru was already fine. There was a correlation between internal factor that was knowledge with cadre’s perception, while the other internal factor (age, education level, and job) did not have correlation with perception. External factor (information media and source of information) was not related with perception of PSN DHF cadre. Indeed, there was a correlation between perception and cadre’s activity.Keywords: perception, activity, cadre of PSN DHF

Hubungan Kemampuan Kontrol Diri dengan Kecenderungan Depresi pada Mahasiswa Program B PSIK Fk UGM Ni Wayan Wiwin Asthiningsih, Carla R. Marchira, Mariyono Sedyowinarso
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM) Vol 26, No 3 (2010)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada

Background: The failure of the individual in adjusting to the demands of the problem or will make their lives are in stressful situations and disturbing emotions that will cause the individual response to these pressures. Individual response to a stressful situation depends on their control of the situation. This is usually called the locus of control. There are two types of locus of control in humans, namely internal locus of control and external locus of control. Individuals who possess an internal self-control, then the stress levels experienced lower so that the tendency to be a little depressed. The individual who has control of the external self, the stress levels experienced higher so that the tendency to experience depression will also be greater.Objectives: To determine the relationship between the ability of self control (locus of control) with a tendency to depression in student program B PSIK FK UGM.Methods: This study uses the method of non-experimental research with crosss sectional research design, using quantitative methods and descriptive correlation. To find relationships between variables using Pearson Product Moment correlation. Respondent of this study was students of program B PSIK FK UGM 2009/2010 school year.Results: Out of 78 respondents indicated that locus of control most widely owned by students program B PSIK FK UGM is internal locus of control that is 80.8%. In addition the research also found no depression was 82.1%, mild depression was 12.8%, and depression was 5.1%. The relationship between the ability of locus of control with a tendency to depression in student program B PSIK FK UGM was showed with value of r = 0.702 (p=0.001).Conclusion: There was signif icant relationship between the ability of locus of control with tendency to depression in student program B PSIK FK UGM.Keywords: locus of control, depression, PSIK students

Tingkat Partisipasi Masyarakat dalam Pengadaan Jamban Keluarga melalui Community Lead Total Sanitation Jonneri Masli, Agus Suwarni, Suharman
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM) Vol 26, No 3 (2010)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada

Background: The coverage of family toilet at Sub District of Panti is still relatively low (20.28%), morbidity from diarrhea is relatively high (8.89%) and outbreak sometimes occurs in this area. An effort that has been made by Pasaman District Health Office to widen the coverage of family toilet and minimize morbidity from diarrhea at Sub District of Panti is encouraging community participation in the provision of family toilet through Community Lead Total Sanitation (CLTS). However, the result is still far from the expectation. This may be due to limited knowledge, attitude, education, income and participation of the community in the provision of family toilet through CLTS.Objectives: To identify factors related to community participation in the provision of family toilet through CLTS at Sub District of Panti, District of Pasaman.Methods: This was a quantitative approach research cross sectional design. Location of the study was Subdistrict of Panti, District of Pasaman. Subject of the study were heads of the family participating in CLTS activities. The variable employed in this research of knowledge, attitude, education, and income; and was community participation in the provision of family toilet through CLTS. Data analysis used univariable, bivariable with chi square and multivariable with logistic regression.Results: The result of the study showed that there was relationship between knowledge, attitude and income of respondents and participation (p<0.05), whereas education had no relationship with participation (p>0.05). Out of the three factors related to community participation in the provision of family toilet through CLTS, attitude was most dominant with p=0.000 and â=0.273 and OR=5.3.Conclusion: Knowledge, attitude and income of respondents had significant relationship with community participation in the provision of family toilet through CLTS and attitude was the most dominant.Keywords: participation, community lead total sanitation, family toilet

Persepsi Wanita Berisiko Kanker Payudara tentang Pemeriksaan Payudara Sendiri di Kota Semarang, Jawa Tengah Ophi Indria Desanti, IM. Sunarsih, Supriyati
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM) Vol 26, No 3 (2010)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada

Background: Breast cancer is the main cause of death due to cancer at Semarang City. Breast cancer can be detected through breast self-examination. Perceptions about about benefit as well as perception about constraints of breast self-examination affect behavior of breast self-examination. This study is carried out to women with relatively high risk of having breast cancer.Objective: The study aimed to identify perception of women with risk of breast cancer about breast self-examination and identify relationship between that perception and behavior of breast self-examination.Methods: This was an analytical study with cross sectional design. Samples consisted of 384 women with risk of breast cancer at 10 villages of Semarang City taken with multistage random sampling method. Data were obtained through questionnaire of perception and behavior of breast self-examination of respondents that had got ethical clearance from Ethical Commission Council of Gadjah Mada University. Data analysis used chi-square and logistic regression.Results: Only 52.3% of respondents had breast self-examination. As much as 25.2% had positive perception about the benefit of doing breast-self examination; and 70.1% had negative perception about constraints of breast self-examination. Variables of perception about benefit (p=0.022) and about constraints (p=0.015) had relationship with behavior of breast self-examination. The result of logistic regression test showed that variables that were significant were confounding variables, i.e. level of knowledge (p=0.037), education (p=0.009) and information about breast self-examination (p=0.000).Conclusion: Variables related to behavior of breast self-examination were confounding variables, i.e. level of knowledge, education, and information about breast self-examination.Keywords: breast cancer, perception, breast self-examination

Pemberdayaan Keluarga dalam Rehabilitasi Medik Paru pada Penderita Penyakit Paru Obstruksi Kronik di Balai Pengobatan Penyakit Paru-Paru Yogyakarta Ana Adina Patriani, Ira Paramastri, M. Agus Priyanto
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM) Vol 26, No 2 (2010)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada

Background: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is one of the main causes of morbidity, a leading cause of death and disability in worldwide. In addition COPD imposes a significant burden in terms of disability and impaired quality of life. COPD is projected to increase in much of the world as smoking frequencies rise, the population ages and the contribution in door and out door air pollution. Pulmonary rehabilitation program has been shown in improving quality of life patients with COPD. The success of pulmonary rehabilitation program was influenced by patient’s motivation and support by family members. The family empowerment through training on pulmonary rehabilitation was expected could improve knowledge and skill of the family members of COPD patients and in turn could improve the development of pulmonary function to COPD patients.Objectives: Assess the influence of family empowerment through training on pulmonary rehabilitation in improving the knowledge and skill of family members on pulmonary rehabilitation.Methods: This research was quasi-experimental study by pre and post test with control group design. Subject of the research were 63 family members that was selected randomly. The subject divided into experimental groups (31) and control groups (32). Data collected was conducted by using questionnaires of knowledge and check lists of skill. Data analysis used paired t-test and independent sample t-test with significant level of p=0,05.Results: Level of education, age, knowledge and skill about pulmonary rehabilitation before intervention were not significantly different. After get training on pulmonary rehabilitation, improvement of knowledge and skill in the intervention group was significantly (p<0,05). There was significant difference on knowledge and skill between intervention group with control group. Module has function to resist the family knowledge and skill one month after training.Conclusions: Training pulmonary rehabilitation on family members to COPD patient can improve knowledge and skill about COPD and pulmonary rehabilitation.Keywords: COPD, pulmonary rehabilitation, family empowerment

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Home Page

OAI Link

Editorial Team

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Contact Name Ika Kusumaningtyas

Contact Email tyas.kusuma@ugm.ac.id

Phone +628988833412

Journal Mail Official bkm.fk@ugm.ac.id

Editorial Address Sekretariat Bersama Jurnal, Lt. 2 Atas Kantin IKM, FK-KMK UGM Jl. Farmako, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta 55281

Location Kab. sleman, Daerah istimewa yogyakarta INDONESIA

Abstract

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Abstract

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Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Contact Name
Ika Kusumaningtyas

Contact Email
tyas.kusuma@ugm.ac.id

Phone
+628988833412

Journal Mail Official
bkm.fk@ugm.ac.id

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Sekretariat Bersama Jurnal, Lt. 2 Atas Kantin IKM, FK-KMK UGM Jl. Farmako, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta 55281

Location
Kab. sleman,

Daerah istimewa yogyakarta

INDONESIA