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Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 02151936     EISSN : 26148412     DOI : https://doi.org/10.22146/bkm.v37i2.2320
Core Subject : Health,
Nursing Public Health
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM Public Health and Community Medicine) is a peer-reviewed and open access journal that deals with the fields of public health and public medicine. The topics of the article will be grouped according to the main message of the author. This focus covers areas and scope related to aspects of: - Epidemiology - Infectious diseases control - Clinical Epidemiology - Environmental Health - Occupational Health - Healthy City - Public Health and Primary Health Care - School of Health Promotion - Healthy lifestyles - Health promotion - Health and Social Behavior - Tobacco and smoking - Adolescent Health - Public Health Nutrition - Maternal and Child Health - Reproductive Health - Population Health - Health of Vulnerable People - Social Determinants of Health - Water, Sanitation and Hygiene - Human Resource Management
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kesehatan Masyarakat, Kesehatan Lingkungan dan Pekerjaan
Articles 1,542 Documents
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Path analysis using the theory of planned behavior on taking blood supplement tablets and eating nutritious food Laferani, Yuni; Surtimanah, Tuti; Sjamsuddin, Irfan Nafis
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine Vol 41 No 08 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v41i08.22923

Abstract

Purpose: This study investigates the direct and indirect effects of knowledge, intention, and behavior related to drinking Blood Supplement Tablets and Eating Nutritious food, guided by the Theory of Planned Behavior, following education through video and comic media. Methods: This study employs a quantitative approach using a quasi-experimental pre-post test two-group design. The sample size consists of 63 people, and the sampling technique employed is stratified sampling. Results: The direct effect of knowledge on actual behavior is -0.036, while the indirect effect is 0.006. The direct effect of attitude on actual behavior is 0.216, and the indirect effect is 0.027. Subjective norms have a greater indirect effect value of 0.035 compared to the direct effect value (-0.125). The same thing happens for the actual control variable, which has a direct effect value of 0.135 while the indirect effect is 0.052. The intention variable has a direct effect of 0.210 on actual behavior. Conclusion: Research shows that attitudes and intentions have a direct impact on healthy behavior, while knowledge, subjective norms, and behavioral control do not have a direct effect. These findings can serve as the basis for health education interventions, with suggestions for incorporating other behavioral models and exploring more diverse subjects.
Mental health intervention to address climate anxiety in adolescents: a systematic review Cahyani, Kadek Dewi; Sari, Indah Permata; Permatasari, Henny; Mulyono, Sigit; Basrowi, Ray Wagiu; Nafilata, Ikrimah
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine Vol 41 No 10 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v41i10.23501

Abstract

Purpose: This study aims to identify and analyze interventions implemented to address the impact of climate change on adolescents' mental health. Methods: This systematic review was conducted using PRISMA guidelines. A literature search was conducted across four primary databases — PubMed, ScienceDirect, EBSCO, and Scopus —with keywords related to interventions, climate change, and adolescent mental health. Inclusion criteria include studies involving adolescents aged 10-18 years and featuring an original research design published within the last five years. Of the 1,579 studies identified, 22 articles were assessed for eligibility, and seven underwent quantitative synthesis. Results: Suggest that effective environmental education interventions can increase understanding and reduce anxiety among adolescents. Conclusion: To address the impacts of mental health on adolescents, interventions such as pro-environmental interventions, education, and augmented reality can be employed.
A scoping review of partners and in-law roles in postpartum depression Rahayu, Lintang Kemuning Mustikaning; Shaluhiyah, Zahroh; Suryoputro, Antono
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine Vol 41 No 09 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v41i09.23520

Abstract

Purpose: Postpartum depression (PPD) affects about 17.22% of women globally, with higher rates in regions like Southern Africa and Southeast Asia, and is associated with negative impacts on breastfeeding, self-care, infant care, and maternal mental health. Support from family members plays a crucial role in protecting mothers from PPD by providing emotional and practical assistance. However, in some family arrangements, while in-laws can be supportive, conflicts or unmet expectations may also increase the risk of emotional distress and PPD. This study seeks to identify existing literature on the roles of family support in postpartum care. Methods: A scoping review was conducted using PubMed and ScienceDirect as databases, applying search terms such as “Mothers”, “Support”, and “Postpartum Depression”. Results: A total of 11 published articles between 2020 and 2025 were selected after meeting the inclusion criteria. This review emphasizes the essential role of familial relationships in shaping postpartum mental health within traditional household settings. Supportive behaviors from husbands consistently emerged as protective factors against PPD by reducing psychological stress, which can contribute to depressive symptoms. Likewise, the role of in-laws can either alleviate or intensify maternal stress. Conclusion: Husbands are encouraged to engage in open and empathetic communication with their partners, providing consistent emotional support and reassurance. Furthermore, husbands can serve a pivotal role in managing dynamics within the extended family by establishing appropriate boundaries and fostering a supportive and respectful environment that prioritizes the mother’s psychological well-being.
The time is ripe: a scoping review of risk factors and barriers in preconception care Puspitasari, Halfie Zaqiyah Gusti; Widyawati; Hapsari, Elsi Dwi; Nuzulullail, Agung Subakti; Irawan, Dana Prayoga
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine Vol 41 No 09 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v41i09.23771

Abstract

Purpose: Preconception care (PCC) is fundamental to preparing for a healthy pregnancy by reducing risk factors. However, there are still various obstacles to its implementation. This review aims to identify risk factors and barriers to accessing and implementing PCC. Methods: The research design used a scoping review compiled from articles obtained from four databases: PubMed, ScienceDirect, ProQuest, and Web of Science. The inclusion criteria include original articles published between 2020 and 2025 that are fully accessible, written in English, and reports on PCC risk factors and barriers. Exclusion criteria include theoretical articles without practical applications, research related to specific medical conditions, and articles that are not relevant to the research objectives. The selection process was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA-ScR (2020) guidelines. Data from selected articles were extracted and synthesized narratively in accordance with the Update Methodological Guidance for the Conduct of Scoping Reviews (2020). Results: A total of 896 articles were found in the search. After screening, 14 articles were selected for analysis. These articles represented eight countries, including Ethiopia, the United States of America, and Australia. Low PCC knowledge, poor obstetric history, and maternal age were the most frequently discussed risk factors for PCC. Meanwhile, barriers to PCC implementation were attributed to the lack of PCC guidelines and service standards, low PCC education and promotion, and low motivation and knowledge of healthcare workers. Conclusion: The implementation of PCC remains hindered by policy limitations, system readiness, and health worker capacity, underscoring the need for further research as a basis for developing comprehensive guidelines.
Epidemiological features and climatological effects on future malaria control in Indonesia Rovik, Anwar; Rahayu, Ayu; Turnip, Oktaviani Naulita; Daniwijaya, Edwin Widyanto
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat Vol 41 No 11 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v41i11.14397

Abstract

Purpose: Malaria is a leading cause of death worldwide, including in Indonesia. Climate change should be considered when addressing malaria control in Indonesia. This study examined the relationship between climatological parameters (temperature, wind speed, humidity, and rainfall) and malaria cases in Indonesia from 2006 to 2015. Methods: Data on climatological parameters were obtained from Indonesia's 2022 statistics, while malaria case data were taken from the annual report of Indonesia's Ministry of Health. Results were presented using maps, diagrams, and graphs. The associations between climatological parameters and malaria cases were analyzed annually using GraphPad Prism 9 software. Results: Between 2006 and 2015, the API fluctuated each year. Papua province had the highest malaria incidence in Indonesia (25.5%). A significant decline in malaria cases was observed outside Papua province, whereas cases in Papua tended to increase annually. During this period, annual temperature ranged from 23.39°C to 28.44°C, wind speed from 1.01 m/s to 17.54 m/s, relative humidity from 70.85% to 85.84%, and rainfall from 99.74 to 3,838.2 mm3. Conclusion: From 2006 to 2015, annual temperature, rainfall, and relative humidity showed weak positive correlations with the API, whereas annual wind speed showed a negative correlation.
Integrating the role of community and mobile health in preventing risk factors for cardiovascular disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials Alparisi, Bima Diokta; Herman, Daniel; Amanda, Samira; Ihsan, M.; Suyanto; Irwan; Nurhasanah
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat Vol 41 No 11 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v41i11.23604

Abstract

Purpose: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) continues to be the primary cause of global morbidity and mortality, predominantly attributable to modifiable risk factors such as unhealthy diets, physical inactivity, and so on. While behavioral interventions are critical, the effective implementation of prevention strategies is often hindered by resource limitations. The integration of community-based strategies with mobile health (mHealth) technologies presents a promising approach for scalable, personalized risk mitigation. This review evaluates the efficacy of community-integrated mHealth inter- ventions in reducing CVD risk factors. Methods: We searched multiple databases for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published over the last 10 years. Fourteen RCTs (n = 9,862 participants) met inclusion criteria, with interventions combining mHealth tools and community components. The risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane RoB 2.0 tool, and meta-analyses were conducted using RevMan 5.4. Results: mHealth and community have demonstrated considerable efficacy in diminishing various cardiovascular risk factors. The primary mechanisms include enhanced adherence to a healthy lifestyle, continuous monitoring, and improved access to health-related information. The results of the meta-analysis are directly proportional to the findings, which significantly reduce the risk factors for heart disease: healthy dietary patterns (p < 0.0001), physical activity (p = 0.04), BMI (p = 0.002), systolic blood pressure (p = 0.002), and diastolic blood pressure (p = 0.02). However, total cholesterol and fasting blood sugar did not have significant results, namely (p=0.23) and (p=0.77). Conclusion: Community-integrated mHealth is an effective strategy for addressing CVD risk factors.
Estimated cost of diabetic wound care in primary healthcare facilities using the time-driven activity-based costing method Budiarto, Arif; Oktafitria, Rita; Hafidz, Firdaus; Aristianti, Vini; Ekawati, Fitriana Murriya; Siregar, Dedy Revalino; Ilyasa; Budiman, Arif; Hendrawan, Donni; Ruby, Mahlil
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat Vol 41 No 11 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v41i11.23797

Abstract

Purpose: This study aimed to estimate the unit cost of diabetic wound care services in primary healthcare facilities (FKTPs) using the Time-Driven Activity-Based Costing (TDABC) method and to quantify the potential cost savings from reallocating cases from secondary (FKRTL) to primary care facilities. Methods: A micro-costing analysis was conducted across 40 FKTPs in Indonesia using a standardized five-step TDABC framework, covering personnel, facility, medical supplies, and overhead costs. Descriptive and nonparametric statistical methods, including the trimmed mean, geometric mean, and interquartile range, were applied to derive cost estimates, and simulations with 15% and 35% case shifting from FKRTL to FKTP were performed. Non-parametric methods (Kruskal–Wallis and Mann–Whitney U) were applied because the cost data were not normally distributed. Results: The estimated unit cost per diabetic wound-care visit ranged from IDR 67,121 (best-case scenario) to IDR 77,189 (realistic scenario). Cost-shifting simulations projected potential savings of up to IDR 28.15 billion in the 35% scenario. Conclusion: Strengthening diabetic wound-care services at the primary care level may enhance system-wide efficiency and reduce avoidable expenditures within the National Health Insurance (JKN) scheme, supporting the adoption of more cost-effective service delivery models in Indonesia.
Effectiveness of digital gaming intervention in enhancing adolescents’ knowledge and attitudes toward sexual and reproductive health: a systematic review Cahyani, Reztika; Rekawati, Etty; Mulyono, Sigit; Widyatuti
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat Vol 41 No 11 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v41i11.24483

Abstract

Purpose: Adolescents often lack adequate sexual knowledge, leading to risky behaviors. Traditional sexual health education is usually less effective in enhancing the motivation and engagement of students. Digital gaming interventions offer a promising alternative in the digital era, providing interactive, engaging, and safe learning experiences. This systematic review aims to analyze the effectiveness of digital games in enhancing adolescents’ knowledge and attitudes toward sexual and reproductive health education. Methods: This systematic review followed the PRISMA guidelines and employed the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) critical appraisal. A literature search across ClinicalKey, Cochrane, EBSCO, ScienceDirect, and Scopus identified studies published between 2015 and 2025. The inclusion criteria were original, quantitative studies in English that were freely accessible and focused on digital gaming interventions in adolescent reproductive health. Conventional games or unrelated topics were excluded. Four authors independently screened and reviewed the studies, yielding nine articles for analysis. Results: Nine studies with 6,969 adolescents (aged 11–24) from six countries were included. Digital game interventions significantly improved SRH knowledge and attitudes, with effects ranging from modest (6.27% gain; β = 0.05–0.08) to numerous (η² = 0.80). The small number of studies, design heterogeneity, and cultural differences limit the evidence. Conclusion: Digital gaming intervention improves adolescents’ SRH knowledge and attitudes across contraception, STI prevention, and healthy relationships. However, the limited number of studies, design heterogeneity, and cultural variations restrict generalizability. Future rigorous studies and integration into schools and community programs are recommended. Registered in PROSPERO, ID CRD4202511 68048.
Effectiveness of netboard-based learning management system (LMS) nutrition education on nutritional intake of pregnant women Kadir, Sunarto; Suardi; Indrawati, Lia
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat Vol 41 No 11 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v41i11.24855

Abstract

Purpose: Analyzing the effect of nutrition education through a Netboard-based Learning Management System (LMS) on the nutritional intake of pregnant women in the working area of the Kota Tengah Community Health Center, Gorontalo Province. Methods: This study employed a quasi‑experimental design with pre‑test and post‑test measures. This study was conducted with two groups: an experimental group that received nutrition education through a Netboard-based LMS, and a control group that received education through conventional methods. The sample consisted of 40 second‑trimester pregnant women in the catchment area of the Kota Tengah Community Health Center, assigned to the experimental group (n=20) and the control group (n=20). Data were collected using a 3 × 24‑hour food recall form that covered indicators of macronutrient and micronutrient intake, as well as dietary patterns. The data were analyzed using an Independent Samples t‑test. Results: The results showed that Netboard‑based LMS nutrition education had a significant effect on pregnant women's dietary intake. The analysis yielded a significance value of 0.000 (< 0.05), with the experimental group demonstrating higher mean scores than the control group. Conclusion: Netboard-based LMS nutrition education effectively enhances the nutritional intake of pregnant women. Notably, 95% of participants in the experimental group achieved a 'good' intake classification post-intervention, compared to only 5% in the control group. This suggests that the digital platform is a promising tool for nutrition education in maternal health settings.
Factors affecting physical activity in premarital women of childbearing age in Semarang City Anggraheny, Hema Dewi; Lahdji, Aisyah; Anggrainy, Merry Tiyas; Adila, Tessa Rahma
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat Vol 41 No 12 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v41i12.21166

Abstract

Purpose: Physical activity is one of the pillars of implementing balanced nutrition, which is the foundation of healthy living, especially for women of childbearing age (WCA). This study analyzes the factors influencing physical activity in premarital WCA. Methods: This research employs a quantitative, cross-sectional design. The sample comprised 160 premarital women of childbearing age from 10 Semarang Health Centers across nine districts, and the study was conducted from November 2024 to January 2025. The tests conducted were the Mann-Whitney and Chi-square tests. Results: The prevalence of physical activity among premarital WCA included physical activity not adhering to the guidelines at 129 (80.6%) and those following the procedures at 31 (19.4%). The relationship between knowledge (p = 0.493), attitude (p = 0.980), education (p = 0.236), regular exercise patterns (p = 0.002), availability of facilities (p = 0.017), availability of transportation (p = 0.447), family support (p = 0.922), and friend support (p = 0.937) to physical activity was analyzed. Conclusion: Most WCA do not meet the physical activity standards according to the guidelines. The presence of a consistent exercise pattern and access to sports facilities are factors that influence meeting the physical activity standards in premarital women. Public health efforts should focus on facilitating regular exercise routines and improving access to safe, appropriate sports facilities for women.

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