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Global Focus
Published by Universitas Brawijaya
ISSN : 27234215     EISSN : 27769399     DOI : 10.21776/ub.jgf
Core Subject : Social,
Social Sciences
Global Focus is a bilingual peer-reviewed journal that issues bi-annually in April and October. The Journal is managed and published by the Department of International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Brawijaya. Global Focus is an interdisciplinary journal that welcomes manuscripts of original empirical, analytic, and theoretical global studies. The purpose of Global Focus is to provide readers a broad, complex, and dynamic process of interactive decision-making that is continually evolving and responding to global political changes. The particular topics relevant to this Journal are international security, global political economy, global ethics and culture, transnational issues, and other related sub-fields. The Journal focuses on these main themes: - The rising of transnational actors/issues within global politics; - The alternative and beyond states perspective, and; - The interplay of global-local/international-domestic.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Ilmu Politik dan Hubungan Internasional
Articles 84 Documents
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Editorial Foreword: Is State Still Matters?
Global Focus Vol 1, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Department of International Relations, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

There are 6 (six) articles for the opening edition of JGF Vol. 1 No. 1. Each article contributes to international relations studies debate, whether the state is still the only and the primary actor or already disaggregated. Globalization has already given numerous challenges and changes to global politics. The authority of the state was multiplicated to the various actor and agendas. Undoubtedly, transnational issues are rising into the field of international relations studies.
Solarium Reimagined: Containing the Rise of China
Global Focus Vol 2, No 2 (2022)
Publisher : Department of International Relations, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jgf.2022.002.02.6

Abstract

The following paper studies the nature and plausible justifications to current trade war between the US and China. The theory of hegemonic power runs through the narrative embodied in this paper and postulates that the trade war has been initiated as an instrument to counter the rise of China in the global political economy. The lineages of the trade war can be traced back to trade deficit between China and the US, rivalry for global economic dominance and the US midterm elections. This paper will unpack the nature of the trade war looking at the history of other trade wars before this one. The second part will engage international relations theory, particularly hegemonic power and status to examine the validity of the idea that the rise of China threatens to the US national interests and security. The third part will reflect on the above, revisit a project Solarium that president Eisenhower formulated in 1953 to counter the soviet expansionism during the Cold War era and postulate what could be expected next through the prism of hegemonic power in global politics. This paper concludes with an empirical case for caution that just as project solarium was a long-term strategy to counter the soviet expansionism during the Cold War, the US will need a similar long term policy position to counter the Rise of China.
Poskolonial dan Developmentalisme: Telaah Kritis
Global Focus Vol 2, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Department of International Relations, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jgf.2022.002.01.1

Abstract

ABSTRACTThe relation between postcolonial theory and developmentalism does not run linearly, but there is a contradictory dialogue space. This article aims to explain the rejection of postcolonial theory to the paradigm and practice of developmentalism through an evaluation of debates in the philosophical realm. This article answers the debates in postcolonial studies, including the theorizing of political economy, development, and international politics. This rejection stems from the fact that developmentalism is considered a new form of colonization in the economic aspect, extending to social, political, and cultural aspects. The results show that the opposition of postcolonial theory to developmentalism can be explained through four discussions as the unit of analysis, which consists of the international trade system, capital distribution schemes, the role of global institutions, and the existence of the state and its people.ABSTRAKRelasi di antara teori poskolonial dan developmentalisme tidak berjalan secara linear, melainkan terdapat ruang dialog di dalamnya yang saling bertentangan. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan penolakan teori poskolonial terhadap paradigma dan praktik developmentalisme melalui evaluasi perdebatan dalam ranah filosofis. Artikel ini menjawab perdebatan dalam studi poskolonial yang mencakup tentang teorisasi ekonomi politik, pembangunan, dan politik internasional. Penolakan tersebut bersumber dari fakta bahwa developmentalisme dianggap sebagai bentuk kolonisasi baru dalam aspek ekonomi yang kemudian meluas pada aspek sosial, politik, dan budaya. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa pertentangan teori poskolonial terhadap developmentalisme dapat dijelaskan melalui empat sektor pembahasan sebagai unit analisis, yaitu terdiri dari sistem perdagangan internasional, skema pendistribusi modal, peranan institusi global, serta keberadaan negara dan masyarakatnya.
Improving Justice and Security in Indonesia: The Role of Australia-Indonesia Partnership for Justice (AIPJ2)
Global Focus Vol 1, No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Department of International Relations, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jgf.2021.001.02.1

Abstract

Located in a strategic area and consisting of various ethnicities and religions, Indonesia is vulnerable to transnational crimes and violent extremism. Furthermore, this also creates social injustice, where groups are marginalized. Therefore, Indonesia continues to strive to improve justice and security for its citizens, one of which is by increasing cooperation with other countries or international organizations. This article aims to explain how Indonesia-Australia cooperation’s role in maintaining justice and security in Indonesia through the second period of the Australia- Indonesia Partnership for Justice (AIPJ2). The author will use qualitative methods and use secondary data, where data will be collected from previous studies and related literature. The results of this research show that AIPJ2, through its support and programs to several Civil Society Organisations and government institutions, has contributed to positive changes in the justice and security sectors in Indonesia, even though these changes were done gradually and has to face challenges.
Developing Transnational Indigenous Solidarity: The Case of Borneo Dayak Forum
Global Focus Vol 1, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Department of International Relations, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jgf.2021.001.01.1

Abstract

Dayak people are an indigenous community inhabiting the Island of Borneo. They dub themselves as the natives and the inheritance of the island’s heritage and culture. Before the intrusion of colonial influences, they were prosperous and great, but now they are ironically struggling to revive and retrace their ancestral heritage in their own home. This article seeks to explain and analyze the effort of the Dayak community to advocate for their rights and culture by developing a transnational advocacy network called Borneo Dayak Forum to promote sustainable living. This network serves as a platform that Dayak people capitalize upon to influence policy-making in Indonesia in which Dayak people currently inhabit especially in Kalimantan Island. This article argues BDF has played a significant role in promoting Dayak people's agendas in achieving sustainable living, especially in the realm of the preservation of customary law and protection of indigenous lands.
Preventing Terrorism by Strengthening Community Based Ecosystem in Bali Province
Global Focus Vol 2, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Department of International Relations, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jgf.2022.002.01.6

Abstract

Bali Bomb on 2002 becomes the first and the entry point of terrorism issues in Indonesia. It has devastated more than 200 people lives and damage the overall image of Bali as the paradise site in the world and Indonesia as a secure state. Since then, the local government try to protect the potential of terrorist attack. With its indigenous, the local government not only optimizing its agencies but also build a cooperation with the local structure of governance which has built before Indonesia exist. This paper seeks to analysis the collaboration works of these actors to maintain the stability and secure condition in Bali, especially from the terrorism issue. The research conducted through qualitative method, using interview keys person as the main references and official documents, journals, articles, databases as the supporting resources. By using the concept of the role of concentric circle of society in preventing terrorism, this research found that there is systematic communication and coordination between the government agencies and local communities in preventing the terrorism action. And by having a periodic, continuous communications, coordination, and build a controlling mechanism, amongst local government agencies such as Kesbangpol, FKPT, Babinsa, RT/RW staffs, and local actors such as Village Structure of Pakraman, Pecalang, and FKUB, they can create almost a comprehensive ecosystem to protect Bali island from the threat so far. Since 2005 there is no terrorism activity detected in this Island. Another interesting finding from this ecosystem is that this local wisdom system so far does not bring any resistance from the society and trust building among them are getting stronger.
Strengthening North-South Relations: The Case of EU and ECOWAS Cooperation
Global Focus Vol 1, No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Department of International Relations, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jgf.2021.001.02.6

Abstract

Regional integration is discussing cooperation among states in a region and the influence of external states or organizations. The cooperation among regions is known as inter-regionalism. As a leader in regional integration, European Union (EU) has been cooperating with the other regions since their name was European Economic Community. Firstly, Europe established relations in the form of political dialogue and cooperation with ASEAN and Asian countries. For this occasion, the EU established Asia Europe Meeting (ASEM). Subsequently, the EU created external relations with African, Caribbean, Pacific (ACP), South American, etc. This research elaborates on the relation of the EU with the West African region. The Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) is the regional institution chosen by the EU to engage in the relationship. Some scholars acknowledged that ECOWAS is one of the most organized institutions in the African Region. Asymmetric relation between EU and ECOWAS denotes the relation of The North and The South countries. By analyzing the inter-regionalism framework, this paper exercises a liberal institutional perspective as the main paradigm. The results found that inter-regionalism could reinforce strong institutions in both regions.
The Two Faces of Russia Foreign Policy toward China and Taiwan
Global Focus Vol 1, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Department of International Relations, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jgf.2021.001.01.5

Abstract

Russia, as one of the key actors in international politics, faces problematic issues in Chinese-Taiwan Relations. As a significant player, Russia reserves a close and stable relationship with China. However, Russia could not avoid Taiwan's significant role in Northeast Asia, especially its role in allying with the West. Taiwan undoubtedly offers a promising prospect for the Russian economy, but political relations with Taiwan could not significantly contribute to Russian FP. In this paper, Russian foreign policy will be examined on both sides, Russian foreign policy toward China and Russian foreign policy toward Taiwan. The purposes of this paper are trying to analyze the Russian foreign policy dilemma toward China-Taiwan relation. The analysis of this paper will focus on President Vladimir Putin as the decision-maker and explore all circumstances that will influence the decision-making process. The level of analysis implemented in this paper is domestic politics that significantly contribute to Russian foreign policy decision-making. This paper will gather secondary data from the news, journal, and book as the primary sources. The paper's outcome is analyzing Russian foreign policy's dilemma and exploring how Russian foreign policy toward current dynamics of China-Taiwan Relations.
The Human Security Crisis in South Sudan: The Role of OCHA from 2019 to 2021
Global Focus Vol 2, No 2 (2022)
Publisher : Department of International Relations, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jgf.2022.002.02.2

Abstract

This study aims to analyze and explain the humanitarian crisis that occurred in South Sudan from 2019 to 2021, as a result of the protracted civil war, as well as the role of the Office For The Coordination Of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) in efforts to overcome and respond to the humanitarian crisis. In this study, the author uses several concepts and theories, which include the concept of Human Security, the concept of Responsibility to Protect, and the theory of International Organizations. The method used in this research is a descriptive qualitative method. The results showed that the humanitarian crisis that occurred in Sudan caused violations of several aspects of human security, which include personal security, community security, political security, economic security, food security, health security, and environmental security. Then in an effort to respond to and overcome the humanitarian crisis in South Sudan, OCHA did several things, namely making a policy agenda, providing information, advocating, and providing humanitarian funds for the humanitarian crisis in South Sudan.
ASEAN Digital Masterplan: Responding Cyber Security Dilemma in The Post-Covid Era
Global Focus Vol 2, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Department of International Relations, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jgf.2022.002.01.2

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic has brought people to stay longer to disconnected from the face-to-face world than before and rely on the cyber domain daily. Because of the pandemic, Southeast Asia countries added a new 40 million internet users and in total 400 million internet users in the region. The new environment of interaction in the virtual domain generates the bipolarity of dominant power between the U.S and China to establish how cyberspace needs to regulate. The increasing penetration of internet users in the region creates an opportunity for ASEAN to establish ASEAN digital master plan that aims to accelerate region recovery from the pandemic through cyber cooperation. Despite ASEAN as a regional institution promote openness and freedom of cyber domain among its members, ASEAN member states taking contradiction policy to its regional institution. This research tries to answer why ASEAN member states take contradiction policy to their regional institution. Utilizing government politic model theory and insecurity dilemma concept, the author argues that insecurity dilemma that faced by ASEAN member states shaping its member states taking an opposite policy of connectivity on cyberspace that regional institution digital masterplan aim for.

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