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International Journal of Engineering Continuity
Published by Sultan Publisher
ISSN : -     EISSN : 29632390     DOI : https://doi.org/10.58291/ijec
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Electrical & Electronics Engineering Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mechanical Engineering
The International Journal of Engineering Continuity is peer-reviewed, open access, and published twice a year online with coverage covering engineering and technology. It aims to promote novelty and contribution followed by the theory and practice of technology and engineering. The expansion of these concerns includes solutions to specific challenges of developing countries and addresses science and technology problems from a multidisciplinary perspective. Published papers will continue to have a high standard of excellence. This is ensured by having every papers examined through strict procedures by members of the international editorial board. The aim is to establish that the submitted paper meets the requirements, especially in the context of proven application-based research work. International Journal of Engineering Continuity is a peer-reviewed international journal that publishes high-quality original research articles and review papers in engineering and technology, with a particular emphasis on system reliability, operational continuity, resilience, sustainability, and engineering innovation. The journal provides a platform for researchers, academics, engineers, and practitioners to disseminate original research findings and technological advancements that contribute to sustainable engineering solutions. International Journal of Engineering Continuity welcomes original research articles and review papers across a broad range of engineering disciplines, including, but not limited to, materials engineering, mechanical engineering, electrical engineering, civil engineering, industrial engineering, manufacturing systems, renewable energy, transportation systems, automation and control, artificial intelligence, the Internet of Things (IoT), computer engineering, data science, smart systems, engineering management, and other interdisciplinary engineering applications that support operational continuity and sustainable development. International Journal of Engineering Continuity is published biannually, in March and September, by Sultan Publisher
Arjuna Subject : Teknik (semua kategori) - Teknik (Lain-Lain)
Articles 95 Documents
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Carbon-based Microheaters: A Review of Materials, Fabrication, Modelling, and Application Rachmat Anggi Marvianto; Deni Haryadi; Rinto Hidroyuwono; Pieter Karnoman Tutupoly; Yunus Bakhtiar Arafat
International Journal of Engineering Continuity Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026): IJEC
Publisher : Sultan Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58291/ijec.v5i1.579

Abstract

This review evaluates how carbon material selection, fabrication, and multiscale heat transport jointly determine the performance of carbon-based microheaters, with emphasis on graphene, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), amorphous carbon, functionalized carbon fibers, and selected transferable carbon nanostructures. A structured narrative synthesis of 70 Scopus-indexed references spanning 2003-2026 distinguishes direct microheater demonstrations from supporting material, modelling, and adjacent-transfer evidence. Direct evidence shows that graphene and CNT heaters enable rapid, low-power heating and mechanically compliant architectures, while printed or laser-written and functionalized carbon systems broaden flexible and structural applications. Recent process advances include multizone chemical vapor deposition, laser writing, and standardized printed-heater assessment; adjacent evidence on carbon-dot encapsulation and interface engineering is treated as transferable rather than as direct heater performance. Persistent gaps are temperature uniformity, reproducible doping and functionalization, wafer-scale process consistency, and experimentally validated multiscale models. The review contributes an integrated material-fabrication-transport-application framework and an evidence-aware roadmap for future carbon-based microheater design.
AOS-ELM-Based Intrusion Detection for ESPHome IoT Networks: An Edge Computing Performance Evaluation Rahman Bayu Pratama; Mudrik Alaydrus
International Journal of Engineering Continuity Vol. 5 No. 2 (2026): IJEC
Publisher : Sultan Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58291/ijec.v5i2.683

Abstract

Internet of Things (IoT) devices are vulnerable to denial-of-service attacks but often lack resources for conventional intrusion detection. This study develops an Adaptive Online Sequential Extreme Learning Machine (AOS-ELM) intrusion detection system for monitoring ESPHome–Home Assistant Native API traffic on edge devices. Its novelty lies in combining fixed five-second flow-level feature extraction, sequential AOS-ELM updates with bounded forgetting-factor adaptation, and live evaluation on Raspberry Pi 5 and LattePanda v1. Real-time operation was verified by capturing mirrored traffic, processing completed flow windows, producing NORMAL or ATTACK decisions, and recording per-flow inference time and memory usage during normal and attack conditions. On Raspberry Pi 5, the system achieved 98.34% accuracy, 99.55% precision, 97.21% recall, and 98.36% F1-score, with average inference latency of 121.88 ms per flow. LattePanda v1 achieved 81.54% accuracy, 59.81% precision, 100% recall, and 74.85% F1-score. The lightweight claim is supported by successful execution on both edge devices, bounded inference latency, and moderate IDS-process RAM growth under attack conditions. Results indicate that the proposed framework can update sequentially and respond to tested traffic variations without full retraining, supporting its use as a lightweight adaptive IDS for edge-based IoT infrastructure.
Bandwidth and Gain Enhancement Techniques for Single-Band 2.4 GHz Microstrip Antennas: A Systematic Review Alie Fikry
International Journal of Engineering Continuity Vol. 5 No. 2 (2026): IJEC
Publisher : Sultan Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58291/ijec.v5i2.708

Abstract

Microstrip patch antennas are widely used in 2.4 GHz ISM-band radios, yet narrow bandwidth and modest gain limit them, and no existing review isolates this single-band case. Following PRISMA 2020, we searched Scopus, IEEE Xplore and Web of Science, identified 3,046 records and sought 280 reports; the 191 read in full yielded 137 studies from 2015 to 2025, every value traced to its full text. Five technique families emerged: EBG, metamaterial, FSS and superstrate structures (43 studies); arrays (33); slots, parasitic elements and fractals (26); defected ground structures (22); and air gap or substrate engineering (13). Among single structures, 50 studies pair a baseline bandwidth with an enhanced value and 49 pair a gain. The median changes are +69% and +1.3 dB, and they stay between +32% and +98% and between +0.8 and +2.5 dB under five sensitivity checks. Only one bandwidth pair and four gain pairs are measured; 41 and 39 are simulated, with medians of +54% and +0.8 dB, and the rest leave the validation type of one value unstated. Twenty-eight studies make a claim in the abstract or title that their own results contradict, and in 16 the claim favours the design. The literature reports large simulated improvements and almost no measured before-and-after evidence, so these figures describe what is reported rather than estimate effects.
Development of an IoT-Based Hydrological Parameter Monitoring System Using an Eco-Hydrology Approach to Support Sustainable Water Resources Management Eko Siswanto; Sony Susanto; Fitry Rahmawaty
International Journal of Engineering Continuity Vol. 5 No. 2 (2026): IJEC
Publisher : Sultan Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58291/ijec.v5i2.725

Abstract

Reliable, site-specific hydrometeorological observations are essential for supporting eco-hydrological analysis and water resources management. This study developed and evaluated a low-cost Internet of Things (IoT)-based Mini-Automatic Weather Station (Mini-AWS) integrating an ESP-12E/F microcontroller, temperature and humidity sensors, a tipping-bucket rain gauge, local data storage, wireless communication, and a solar-assisted battery system. Field evaluation was conducted during August 2026 using observations from the Indonesian Meteorology, Climatology, and Geophysics Agency (BMKG). Analysis of 43,967 synchronized temperature and relative humidity pairs yielded a temperature RMSE of 1.066 °C and MAPE of 2.550%. The uncalibrated humidity measurements exhibited an RMSE of 10.881 %RH and a positive measurement bias. A second-order polynomial humidity calibration model was selected using temporally separated training and validation blocks and evaluated on 10,052 internal test observations. Calibration reduced humidity RMSE from 11.500 to 2.848 %RH and MAPE from 17.165% to 3.938%, although residual autocorrelation and heteroscedasticity remained. The correction also reduced the RMSE of AWS-derived Vapor Pressure Deficit (VPD) from 0.3701 to 0.1668 kPa and improved agreement with BMKG-derived operational VPD categories from 45.09% to 81.86%. Initial volumetric calibration of the tipping bucket yielded 0.5084 mm/tip, while 15 additional controlled-flow experiments produced a mean resolution of 0.544 mm/tip; natural-rainfall accuracy was not independently validated. The prototype acquired meteorological data during a 31-day deployment using a solar-assisted 2500 mAh Li-ion battery, although battery-voltage accuracy and energy savings were not independently verified. The dashboard incorporated VPD, empirical Ivanov Potential Evapotranspiration (PET), and Rain-Free Days indicators as preliminary eco-hydrological interpretation tools. The calibration and VPD improvements were evaluated offline, while physical implementation of the polynomial correction on the microcontroller remains to be verified. Overall, the Mini-AWS demonstrated promising monitoring performance and improved humidity-derived indicators, subject to further operational and cross-season validation.
Impact of Geological–Geophysical Data Integration on Coal Tonnage and Stripping Ratio Estimation in an Open Pit Coal Mine: A Case Study from Ogan Komering Ulu, South Sumatra, Indonesia Wahyu Jayarana; Eddy Ibrahim; Budhi Setiawan; Taufik Toha; Maulana Yusuf; Rahmat Wahyudi Putra
International Journal of Engineering Continuity Vol. 5 No. 2 (2026): IJEC
Publisher : Sultan Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58291/ijec.v5i2.732

Abstract

Open pit coal plans rely on geological models built from widely spaced drill holes, so errors in seam continuity pass directly into tonnage and stripping ratio forecasts. This study quantifies how integrating infill drilling and electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) with existing drill hole data changes the seam model, and the coal tonnage, overburden volume and stripping ratio derived from it, within an unchanged pit boundary. At a reopened pit in Ogan Komering Ulu, South Sumatra, the initial model predicted 34,518.86 t of coal for the first 2.84 ha excavated, whereas truck counts recorded 2,615.6 t. Two infill holes and four Wenner–Schlumberger ERT lines (600 m in total) were interpreted with the existing drill holes, Seams X and Y were remodelled, and volumes were recalculated within the same 22.41 ha boundary. The decisive new information was that the southern infill hole did not intersect Seam Y and that the borehole-calibrated coal response (above 5,000 Ωm) was continuous in the west but faded towards the south and southeast. Seam roofs shifted by −11 to +6 m, and the seams were terminated where both data sets indicated their absence. Estimated coal therefore fell by 34.50% (490,346.96 t, from 1,421,125.56 t to 930,778.60 t), overburden rose by 10.11%, and the stripping ratio increased from 2.48 to 4.17 BCM/t. These changes quantify the effect of the revised seam geometry; support for the revised model comes separately, from its agreement with the infill drilling and with what excavation has exposed. Because the ERT inversions have high RMS errors and only two infill holes were available, the revised estimates are provisional, and the early-mining shortfall cannot be attributed to the initial model alone. For open pit planning, the case shows that a low-cost geophysical check tied to drill holes can change the economics of a short-term pit design before most of it is excavated.

Page 10 of 10 | Total Record : 95

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