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Journal of Global Pharma Technology
Published by Universitas Udayana
ISSN : 09758542     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
ournal of Global Pharma Technology is a monthly, open access, Peer review journal of Pharmacy published by JGPT Journal publishes peer-reviewed original research papers, case reports and systematic reviews. The journal allows free access to its contents, which is likely to attract more readers and citations to articles published in JGPT. JGPT publishes original research work that contributes significantly to the scientific knowledge in pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences- Pharmaceutics, Novel Drug Delivery, Pharmaceutical Technology, Cosmeticology, Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacognosy, Natural Product Research, Medicinal Chemistry, Computational Chemistry and Molecular Drug Design, Pharmaceutical Analysis, Pharmacology, Pharmacy Practice, Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy, Cell Biology, Genomics and Proteomics, Pharmacogenomics, Bioinformatics, Biotechnology and Applied Computer Technology. For this purpose we would like to ask you to contribute your excellent papers in pharmaceutical sciences.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Onkologi
Articles 74 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Volume 11 Issue 04." : 74 Documents clear
Lack of Association between Hypercholesterolemia and Obesity Status with the Gallstones type among Cholelithiasis Patients at Sanglah General Hospital, Bali, Indonesia Heru Sutanto Koerniawan
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 11 Issue 04.
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Abstract

Introduction: Gallstone disease is still one of the major health problems in the world. It is one of the most common diseases in developed countries associated with many factors. Increased total blood cholesterol, free cholesterol, LDL, triacylglycerol, obesity, and decreased HDL cholesterol levels also play an important role in the pathogenesis of gallstone formation. This study aimed to determine the relationship between hypercholesterolemia and obesity to types of gallstones. Methods: An observational cross-sectional study was conducted at Sanglah General Hospital from January-December 2017. The sample was obtained using consecutive sampling of patients with cholelithiasis that met inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data analysis was done with univariate and bivariate analysis using SPSS version 23 software. The confidence interval was set to 95% and p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Result: Twenty-six samples were included in this study. Majority of the sample was suffered from gall stone type cholesterol and was performed open cholecystectomy. There was no association found between gall stone type and obesity (p=0.618). In addition, recent findings also suggest no significant differences between gall stone type and total cholesterol status (p=0.211).Conclusion: There is no association between obesity and hypercholesterolemia with gall stone type in cholelithiasis patients.Keywords: Cholelithiasis, Gallstone, Hypercholesterolemia, Obesity.
Different Parameters in Coconut (Cocos Nucifera) Wine Fermentation Nguyen Phuoc Minh
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 11 Issue 04.
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Coconut (Cocos Nucifera) juice is an ancient tropical beverage whose popularity on the international market has been continuously increasing in recent years. The coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) is an important fruit tree in the tropical regions and the fruit can be made into a variety of foods and beverages. Coconut water is the clear liquid inside young coconuts. Coconut water (coconut liquid endosperm) is one of the world’s most versatile natural products. This refreshing beverage is consumed worldwide as it is nutritious and beneficial for health. An attempt explored a wine fermentation from coconut juice by examining the effect of different parameters such as soluble solid content (14.0oBrix, 14.5oBrix, 15.0 oBrix, 15.5 oBrix), fermentation temperature (28.5oC, 29oC, 29.5oC, 30.0oC), yeast Sacchromyces cerevisiae ratio (1.0%, 1.5%, 2.0%, 2.5%) to coconut wine quality. Our results proved that 15.0oBrix of coconut juice; fermentation temperature 29.5oC with 2.0% Sacchromyces cerevisiae was adequate for coconut juice wine fermentation. Using coconut juice having medicinal and nutritional value as a substrate for wine production, its health benefits can be improved effectively.Keywords: Coconut juice, Wine, Fermentation, Sacchromyces cerevisiae.
Pregnane-X-Receptor Genotype and Hepatotoxic Incidence on Tuberculosis Patients Receiving Antituberculosis in Bali i gusti ayu artini
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 11 Issue 04.
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Abstract

Background: Drug-induced liver injury might lead to serious illness. One of the drugs that potentially toxic to the liver is antituberculosis. Many factors could influence antituberculosis-induced liver injury, including genetic variation. One of such genetic variation is polymorphism of pregnane-x-receptor (PXR) gene. PXR plays a crucial role in the regulation of many drug metabolizing enzymes and drug transporters. The association between PXR polymorphism and hepatotoxic incidence in several studies showed the inconsistent result. Therefore, it’s very important to study the PXR genotype pattern and its relation with hepatotoxic incidence among tuberculosis patients who received antituberculosis treatment. This study aimed to investigate the incidence of hepatotoxic according to PXR genotype pattern among tuberculosis patients who received antituberculosis treatment in Bali. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional study. About 65 subjects were enrolled in this study, selected from tuberculosis patients who attended the pulmonary outpatient clinic of Sanglah Hospital, Bali Indonesia and received the antituberculosis drug. Identification of PXR genotype was performed using PCR/RFLP technique with MboI restriction enzyme. Results: The proportion of wild type and mutant genotype of PXR were 72.3% and 27.7%, respectively. There was no significant difference in the proportion of hepatotoxic between wild type and mutant genotype of PXR. Conclusion: There was no significant difference in the proportion of hepatotoxic between wild type and mutant genotype of PXR on tuberculosis patients who received antituberculosis in Bali.
Analytical and Theoretical Studies of Some Diazo Dyes Hanan M. Ali
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 11 Issue 04.
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Abstract

Analytical studies were carried on diazo dyes that characterized 4,6-bis((E)-(3-nitrophenyl)diazenyl) benzene-1,3-diol (1), 4-((E)-(3-nitrophenyl)diazenyl)-6-((E)-(4-nitro phenyl)diazenyl)benzene -1,3-diol (2), 4-((E)-(2-nitrophenyl) diazenyl)-6-((E)-(3-nitro phenyl)diazenyl)benzene-1,3-diol (3) and 4,6-bis((E)-(2-nitrophenyl) diazenyl)benzene-1,3-diol (4). The results of the solvents effects and the pH effects were showed high solubility of these dyes in ethanol and the suitable pH values were found to be in the pH 12. Three isopiestic points were gained in the results of the azo dyes (2), (3) and (4). Add to which, the ionization (pKa) and the protonation (pKb) constants were calculated by using the half height method. The results were showed that the pKa1 values were absence intheresults ofdiazo dyes (3) and (4). Theoretical studies also approved the structures of diazo dyes (1), (2), (3) and (4). These studies were focused in the relation between the structure and the properties of these molecules. Due to the internal coordinate mechanics (ICM), the conformational analysis, the molecular mechanics (MM2) and the optimal minimization were attended for each azo dye.Keywords: Azo dyes, Internal coordinates, Conformational analysis, Molecular mechanics, Ionization constant and Protonation constant.
Estimation of Serum Levels of Testosterone and Estrogen in Vitiligo Patients Sherief Mahdy Hussein
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 11 Issue 04.
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Vitiligo is an idiopathic systemic autoimmune disorder affecting skin, hair and oral mucosa. This genetic moreover acquired disease distinguished by melanin absence causes morbidity over all races. Although thyroid disorder has been known as a key trigger of this pathology, arange of other factors plays serious role in its presentation. Several hormones such as, testosterone and estrogen have been suspected as drivers of this disorder. The present study aimed to determine the levels oftestosterone, estrogen and the ratio of testosterone/ estrogen in serum of patients with vitiligo compared to matches control group .The study included50 patients from Egyptian population with lesions of generalized vitiligo (29 males and 21 females; median age 35.0 years; range 28–40 years and 50 healthy volunteers as control group (22 males and 28 females; median age 36.1 years; range 25–40years). All patients of vitiligo were recruited from Medical research center of excellence of National Research Centre, Egypt, during a period of 4 months (February 2019 to May 2019). The mean duration of the disease in the vitiligo group was 5.00years.Vitiligo diagnosis is based on if areas of patient's skin, hair or eyes lose coloring and confirmation is done using Wood’s lamp. Blood samples were obtained from both the patient and control groups, testosterone, estrogen and the ratio of testosterone/ estrogen. Results:  The present results declared significant elevation of testosterone (+144.5), estrogen (+116.048) as well as testosterone/ estrogen ratio compared to control subjects. Conclusion: Some endocrine markers play a principle role in pathogenesis and/or consequences of vitiligo. The abnormally disturbed levels of these markers lead to melanocyte damage and/or depigmentation.Keywords: Autoimmune disease, Melanin loss, Oxidative stress, Vitiligo, Estrogen, Testosterone, Testosterone /Estrogen ratio.
Antirheumatoid Artritis Effect of Purslane Herb Extract (portulaca oleracea l.) to Rat (rattus norvegicus) Induced by Complete Freuds Adjuvant Rizqi Nur Azizah
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 11 Issue 04.
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Abstract

Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease characterized by chronic inflammation of the joints of hands and feet. The research on antirheumatoid arthritis of ethanol extracts from Purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.) and effective doses of antirheumatoid arthritis. The research used 15 rats divided into 5 groups. Group 1 (1% Na-CMC); group 2 (prednisone) with the dose of 0.511 mg / kgBW; group III, IV and V were given ethanol extract of purslane doses of 100 mg / KgBW, 200 mg / KgBW and 400 mg / kgWW. The animal model of rheumatoid arthritis was made with intraplant injection of 0.1 mL Complete Freund's Adjuvant. The parameters observed were leg volume measurements and arthritis index. The leg volumes of data were analyzed by One Way Anova test followed by the L test while the arthritis index used the Kruskal-Wallis test followed by the Mann-Whitney test. In leg volume measurements, ethanol extract from the red root dose of 400 mg / kg reduced leg volume by 52.49% (p <0.05). Whereas in the arthritis index parameter, the ethanol extract from purslane dose of 400 mg / kg is significantly reduced the arthritis index (p <0.05) with arthritis index reduction by 50%. In conclusion, the ethanol extract from the purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.) with a dose of 400 mg/kg has better activity in treating rheumatoid arthritis in rats.Keywords: Antirheumatoid arthritis, Portulaca oleracea L., complete freund’s adjuvant.
Treatment Strategy for Pediatric Patients with Kawasaki Disease in Tertiary Referral Hospitals East Java Indonesia: A Retrospective Study Yulistiani .
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 11 Issue 04.
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Objectives : Giving therapy to pediatric patients with Kawasaki syndrome is crucial in terms of healing and prevention of potential complications. This study aim to analyzed the treatment of pediatric patients with Kawasaki Syndrome at the Tertiary Referral Hospital in East Java, Indonesia. Methodology : This retrospective study involved 16 patients aged ≤ 18 years with a diagnosis of Kawasaki Syndrome in the 2013-2016 time series. Sampling uses a non random sampling technique. Medical record data related to the history of the disease, treatment, and the resulting outcome were analyzed descriptively. Results: Child patients receive treatment therapy in different amounts, types and doses based on the status of the patient and clinical manifestations that appear. The main therapy was given to patients namely acetosal  (94%) and IVIG  (50%), and corticosteroids ; methylprednisolone, prednisone (44%). Oral acetosal use is 80-100 mg / kg body weight as anti-inflammatory until the fever falls and 3-5 mg / kg body weight as platelet anti-aggregation as long as the patient does not show coronary artery abnormalities within 6 to 8 weeks, the IVIG dose is 2 g / kg weigth, and the dose of methylprednisolone is 10-30 mg / kg for 3 to 10 days. Conclusion: Giving treatment adapts to the patient's needs and is in accordance with the recommended standards.Keywords: Treatment strategy, Pediatric, Kawasaki syndrome, Referral hospital.
Ethanol Extract Cream of Jackfruit Tree Bark (Arthocarpus Heterophilus) is Equally Effective with Hydroquinone Cream on Preventing the Increase of Melanin on Guinea Pigs Skin (Cavia porcelus) Exposed to Ultraviolet B Ray Indiradewi Hastiningsih
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 11 Issue 04.
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Introduction: Ethanol extract of jackfruit tree bark (Artocarpus heterophillus) contains antioxidants, phenolic substances, tannin, steroid, linoleic acid ethyl ester, and vitamin C which can inhibit the elevation of melanin levels on epidermal tissue. Hydroquinone (HQ) was used as comparison because HQ is the gold standard of hyperpigmentation therapy. Method: This research is a laboratory experimental research using randomized post-test only control group design with 30 male guinea pigs (Cavia Porcelus) divided into 3 groups with 10 individuals on each group, with control group given base cream, group 1 was administered 4% hydroquinone cream, and group 2 was administered 4% jackfruit tree bark extract cream. All intervention groups were exposed with UV-B ray with total dose of 390 mJ/cm² three times in a week for 2 weeks, and underwent biopsy of their skin sample to examine the amount of melanin on the epidermal layer. Result: The result of our research showed the mean amount of melanin on control group was 54.33±4. 51%, group 1 was 3.01± 0.89% and group 2 was 4.23± 1.82%. There is a significant difference between control group and both group 1 and 2 in inhibiting the increase of melanin amount on epidermal tissue (p<0.05). There is no significant difference between group 1 and 2 on inhibiting the increase of melanin amount on epidermal tissue (p>0.05). Conclusion: We conclude that 4% jackfruit tree bark extract cream can prevent the increase of melanin amount on guinea pigs’ skin epidermal layer. The 4% jackfruit tree bark extract cream is equally effective to 4% hydroquinone cream on preventing the elevation of melanin amount on epidermal layer of guinea pig’s skin exposed with UV-B ray.Keywords: Jackfruit tree bark extract cream, Melanin amount, UV-B ray.
Expression of DAZL and BOULE in Spermatogenic Failure of Infertile Men: A Study Silvia Werdhy Lestari
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 11 Issue 04.
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Abstract

DAZ-like (DAZL) on chromosome 3 and BOULE on chromosome 2 are genes included in the DAZ gene family. These genes have a role as regulator of specific cell cycle in germ cells. Mutations on DAZ gene family cause meiotic arrest and infertility. DAZL and BOULE are known to have interaction with CDC25 in regulating meiosis in the cell cycle. The examination of infertility on azoospermia cases, which are caused by spermatogenesis arrest, has so far been limited by histological examination from testicular biopsy. Therefore, molecular research is needed to determine the candidate genes that could be used as a marker in improving the quality of testicular biopsy examination. This research is a cross-sectional study which used 40 biopsy testes samples based on Johnsen scores 2 to 8. The mRNA expression analysis of DAZL and BOULE used qRT-PCR. The DAZL gene began to be expressed in scoring 5-8, where there was an increase from scoring 5-7 then a decrease in scoring 8. The BOULE gene began to be expressed in scoring 2 – 8, but there was an increase from scoring 4 – 7 and then a decrease in scoring 6 and 8. The correlation between the mRNA expressions of DAZL and BOULE showed a significant positive correlation (r = 0.415, p<0.05). These results indicated that both DAZL and Boule contribute in the failure of spermatogenesis.Keywords: Male infertility, Spermatogenic failure, Johnson score, DAZL, BOULE
Feasibility of Bitterness Reduction in Bitter Gourd (Momordica Charantia) Dried Powder By Blanching, Enzyme, and Wall Material N. P. Minh
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 11 Issue 04.
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Momordica charantia, commonly known as bitter gourd has been traditionally used to treat diabetes and its complications. Several medicinal properties of the bitter gourd have been studied such as anti-diabetic, anti-ulcerogenic, antimutagenic, antioxidant, anti-tumour, anti lipolytic, analgesic, abortifacient, anti-viral, hypoglycemic and immunomodulatory. Medicinal value of bitter melon has been attributed to its high antioxidant properties due in part to phenols, flavonoids, isoflavones, terpenes, anthroquinones, and glucosinolates, all of which confer a bitter taste.  However, oral consumption of bitter gourd products could be a problem due to the bitter taste. Bitter taste should be eliminated. β-cyclodextrin is one of the most common materials used in microencapsulation process. β-cyclodextrin comprises seven units of glucopyranose. An attempt studied the feasibility of bitterness reduction in bitter gourd dried powder by treatment of blanching (100oC in 10s; 95oC in 15s, 90oC in 20s, 85oC in 25s), enzyme (florosil 2g/100ml and naringinase 8 mg/100ml), and wall material (β-cyclodextrin, sodium alginate, carrageenan, pectin). Reduction of bitterness and enhancing palatability are obviously observed by treatment of Momordica charantia dried powder by blanching 100oC in 10s, enzymatic treatment with florosil (2g/100ml) + naringinase (8 mg/100ml) and spray drying at inlet temperature 155oC, out let temperature 85oC, feed rate 15 ml/min with β-cyclodextrin 0.5% as wall material. Keywords: Momordica charantia, Dried powder, Bitterness, β‐cyclodextrin.

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