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Jurnal Rekayasa Proses
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
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Articles 17 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 17, No 2 (2023)" : 17 Documents clear
Pengendapan nikel sulfat hasil pelindian bijih nikel laterit (limonit) menggunakan metode Solvent Displacement Crystallization (SDC) Septiawan, Muhammad Ridwan; Justiadi, Justiadi; Sari, Dewi Purnama; Nugroho, Vincentius Sulistyoaji; Rianto, Muhammad Ikbal
Jurnal Rekayasa Proses Vol 17, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Departemen Teknik Kimia Fakultas Teknik Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jrekpros.83282

Abstract

Penggunaan nikel sulfat sebagai bahan baku baterai litium akan meningkatkan permintaan nikel di masa depan. Peningkatan permintaan tersebut akan diikuti oleh peningkatan permintaan bijih nikel yang saat ini banyak berasal dari bijih nikel laterit. Khususnya, permintaan bijih nikel laterit kadar rendah (limonit, Ni ≤ 1,5%) yang saat ini belum banyak diolah. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, pada penelitian ini akan dilakukan pengolahan bijih nikel laterit kadar rendah (limonit) secara hidrometalurgi untuk memperoleh padatan nikel sulfat melalui proses pelindian menggunakan asam sulfat dan pengendapan menggunakan metode Solvent Displacement Crystallization (SDC). Tahapan pada penelitian ini meliputi preparasi, pelindian, pengendapan dan karakterisasi. Sampel bijih hasil preparasi dilarutkan dengan menggunakan asam sulfat pada proses pelindian dan dinetralisasi menggunakan CaCO3 untuk memperoleh larutan nikel sulfat yang kemudian diendapkan pada proses pengendapan menggunakan metode SDC. Endapan nikel sulfat selanjutnya dipisahkan dari larutan untuk dikarakterisasi menggunakan XRD, XRF, AAS dan SEM. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perbandingan organik air (OA) 1,6:1; pH 2, waktu pengadukan 3 jam dan temperatur 20oC adalah parameter terbaik dengan persen pengendapan nikel yang diperoleh adalah 98,3%.
Kajian techno-economy produk etilen dari etanol berbasis pertumbuhan dan prakiraan pasar di Indonesia Haryadi, Harta; Widi, Astuti; Edward Suryanaga, Chandra; Tri Bayu Murti Petrus, Himawan
Jurnal Rekayasa Proses Vol 17, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Departemen Teknik Kimia Fakultas Teknik Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jrekpros.84499

Abstract

Penelitian ini untuk melakukan analisis keekonomian pendirian pabrik etilen (turunan metanol) sehingga dapat memberikan gambaran kepada calon investor baik untuk pendirian pabrik atau peningkatan kapasitas produksi pabrik etilen existing. Analisis rantai pasok ditinjau berdasarkan produksi, konsumsi, ekspor, dan impor etilen dalam kurun waktu 2015-2021, kemudian dilakukan prediksi perkembangan pasar etilen dengan model statistik regresi linier sederhana, dengan parameter Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR). Analisis pasar menunjukkan selama kurun waktu 2022-2035, diprediksi volum perdagangan etilen akan defisit rata-rata 712.584 ton per tahun (volum ekspor rata-rata sebesar 108.373 ton per tahun dan volum impor rata-rata sebesar 820.957 per tahun), dan neraca perdagangan akan mengalami defisit sebesar rata-rata USD683,63 juta atau Rp10,22 triliun per tahun dengan kurs Rp 15.000,00/USD. Terdapat potensi pasar etilen rata-rata sebesar 820.957 ton per tahun untuk memenuhi kebutuhan impor, sehingga diusulkan pendirian pabrik etilen dengan kapasitas 820.000 ton per tahun. Berdasarkan perhitungan keekonomian pabrik, diperlukan CAPEX sebesar Rp 3.555.718.718.781.508, OPEX sebesar Rp 3.256.810.716.342, yang dapat memberikan keuntungan sebesar Rp 2.057.236.466.859 setiap tahun. Lebih lanjut, hasil analisis keekonomian menunjukkan nilai ROIa sebesar 65%, POTa sebesar 1,4 tahun, dan DCFRR sebesar 42,96%. Analisis pasar menunjukkan etilen memiliki prospek signifikan sehingga pemanfaatan potensi pasar oleh investor dalam maupun luar negeri dapat memberikan benefit baik dari segi return maupun mengurangi beban devisa negara. Lebih lanjut pendirian pabrik untuk memenuhi potensi pasar tersebut menarik dari segi parameter ekonomi sehingga dapat menjadi pertimbangan lebih lanjut apabila PT. Chandra Asri Petrochemical berminat untuk meningkatkan kapasitas produksi.
Sintesis katalis asam heterogen berbasis polivinil alkohol (PVA) dan pemanfaatannya dalam produksi metil ester asam lemak Hartono, Ryan; Muljana, Henky; Sugih, Asaf Kleopas; Oemar, Usman; Atin, Jessica; Ahimsa, Gadmon
Jurnal Rekayasa Proses Vol 17, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Departemen Teknik Kimia Fakultas Teknik Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jrekpros.84514

Abstract

Sulfonated polyvinyl alcohol is a potential heterogeneous acid catalyst for fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) production. The catalyst (PVA/SSA) was synthesized via an esterification reaction between polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and sulfosuccinic acid (SSA). This research aimed to study the effect of several process variables, such as the molecular weight (MW) of PVA, washing step with methanol, annealing conditions (time, temperature, and annealing pressure), and drying temperature on the performance of the PVA/SSA catalyst in methanol and free fatty acid (FFA) esterification. The sulfonated PVA catalyst was successfully synthesized, as indicated by the presence of the sulfonate group (SO3) at an absorption band of 1267 cm-1 and the carbonyl group (C=O) at an absorption band of 1628 cm-1 in the FT-IR spectra. The resulting PVA/SSA catalyst shows a good performance, where maximum conversion of the fatty acid esterification reaction can reach 81.9%. In addition, the catalyst can be used for at least four repetitions with a decrease in FAME conversion from the first to the second stage of 28.2% and has relatively stable performance in the second and subsequent reactions (conversion range 49, 1% - 58.8%). The resulting catalyst also has good thermal stability with a first-stage degradation range of 200oC to 290oC, allowing it to be applied in a temperature range suitable to the FAME manufacturing industries requirement.
Rethinking administrative documents' validity to cutoff greenhouse gas emissions by million tons Moustafa, Khaled
Jurnal Rekayasa Proses Vol 17, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Departemen Teknik Kimia Fakultas Teknik Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jrekpros.85112

Abstract

Climate change is a multi-hazard challenge for life on earth in all its aspects. Wildfires, pollution, drought and heatwaves are just a few examples of exacerbated environmental crises propelled by climate change effects. To mitigate such effects, urgent actions are required to cutoff greenhouse gas emissions by all the means across all the sectors. Every additional kilogram of greenhouse gases produced unnecessarily should be avoided. One source of greenhouse gas emissions that may not be top of mind for the public and policymakers - and which can be taken into account in preventive environmental policies- is the industry of administrative and identification documents (papers) with short validity dates that involves intensive production (mass printing) and frequent renewals (mass reprinting) while the carbon footprint is too high. The validity of, for example, identity cards, passports, banking cards, driving licenses, etc., is often short ranging from ~ 3 to 10 years, depending on each type of document and issuing country. Short validity dates, however, should raise critical questions regarding the environmental sustainability, societal and carbon impact, and depletion of natural resources used in their production and frequent renewals. Identification documents are not food products that spoil over time or medications that lose their functional activities, so their validity should be unlimited by time in order to avoid the high environmental costs of mass printing/reprinting and high rates of greenhouse gas emissions associated with their production. The production of plasticized ID-type cards can emit up to 100 grams of carbon dioxide equivalent per card. Manufacturing one administrative document per person and renewing it five times could produce up to 4 million tons of carbon dioxide globally. If individuals have five administrative documents that need renewing five times, which is often the case, gas emissions would be five times higher, or approximately 20 million tons of CO2 equivalent. To save such important amounts of gas emissions, a modernization and flexibilization of administrative documents industry is required toward removing validity by date. This simple change could save substantial amounts of energy and natural resources, such as trees and water, while also reducing greenhouse gas emissions by million tons, especially in the pressing context of climate change. It should be time to initiate a paradigm shift in the administrative document industry. Eliminating validity periods is a straightforward yet effective solution that would significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote sustainable environmental practices.
Carbon composite of NiO hydrothermal impregnation from sugarcane bagasse and its electrochemical properties Nasti, Al Nadine De; Siburian, Kyfti Yolanda; Sembiring, Abraham Danofan; Kristianto, Hans; Susanti, Ratna Frida; Oktaviano, Haryo Satriya; Nugroho, Agung
Jurnal Rekayasa Proses Vol 17, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Departemen Teknik Kimia Fakultas Teknik Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jrekpros.88210

Abstract

Sugarcane bagasse (SB) can synthesize activated carbon (AC) through a two-step calcination process at calcination at 400oC and activation at 800oC. NaOH 0.1 M is used to activate the pre-carbonized sample in the activation step. The AC samples undergo hydrothermal impregnation with nickel oxide (NiO) at 110°C. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern and Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) confirmed the presence of NiO after this process. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) indicates the presence of pore structures in the sample morphology. A three-electrode system with 1 M Na2SO4 as an electrolyte was employed to assess the electrochemical properties. The specific capacitance for activated carbon derived from SB stands at 89.53 F/g at 0.05 A/g current density, while after impregnation with NiO, it increases to 250.53 F/g at the same current density. The results demonstrate the possibility of activated carbon from sugarcane bagasse waste composited with NiO as supercapacitor electrodes.
Jurnal rekayasa proses submission update Petrus, Himawan Tri Bayu Murti
Jurnal Rekayasa Proses Vol 17, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Departemen Teknik Kimia Fakultas Teknik Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jrekpros.92642

Abstract

Pembaruan informasi pengumpulan Jurnal Rekayasa Proses Petrus, Himawan Tri Bayu Murti
Jurnal Rekayasa Proses Vol 17, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Departemen Teknik Kimia Fakultas Teknik Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jrekpros.92643

Abstract

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