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“We Are in a Different World”: A Reflection on Science-Policy Interface Ahmad Maryudi
Jurnal Ilmu Kehutanan Vol 12, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Fakultas Kehutanan Universitas Gadjah Mada

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President Joko Widodo, during a foresters’ reunion at the Faculty of Forestry-Universitas Gadjah Mada in December 2017– expressed his concerns about deforestation and forest degradation in Indonesia. Talking about the roles of scientists and academia, he was implicitly asking: “Where have you been?” He clearly expected them to show their contribution through producing “impact science”. This offers chances to channel their expertise and gain greater influence in policy-making processes. In fairness, a remarkable number of research programs, networks and collaboration across scientific disciplines have endeavoured to formulate viable strategies for wise use and responsible management of forests (Maryudi & Sahide 2017), although some (e.g. Kartodiharjo 2013) argue that a fraction of scientists may conduct scientific exploration for the sake of science itself. A paradox, there is.We may simplistically say “better science, better policy”. Research through systematic procedures is indeed highly desirable to produce more accurate policy advice (Head & Lucia 2015). But question remains how to integrate scientific results into policy decision-making and implementation processes, and what factors may facilitate or debilitate such processes. We have seen “ready-made” scientific results with great potential to contribute to improving the forest conditions under- presented and even overlooked in policy-making processes. A reality check, it is.In fact, science-based findings and advices are not ulilised, not for reasons of objectivity and truth but because of their conformity and convergence of normative ideas and beliefs of government agencies and policy-makers (Werland 2009). Their decisions are taken in certain directions in the political, social, and economic systems (see Maryudi 2015 for an example), largely by the interest of their powerful and influential constituents (Boecher & Krott 2016). What they expect from science often diverge from scientists’ estimations on what policy-makers consider relevant scientific products (Janse 2008).Political considerations may prohibit the adoption of ample strategies (Maryudi 2016). We have witnessed countless examples (see Maryudi & Krott 2012; Setiawan et al. 2016; Prabowo et al. 2017; Maryudi 2005). As a result, the political decisions often deal with minor changes and waives any comprehensive problem analysis (Krott 2005). Policymakers may use research findings, not as input in decision making, but as a political tool to justify the decisions made. Given the complex policy-making processes, it is a big ask to expect knowledge acquisition. For scientists, producing evidence is very important, but making them applicable, in accordance with the needs and logic of thinking policy makers is equally important.There are ways to improve the impact of their research, nonetheless. Thompson et al. (2011) suggest scientists to focus on public priorities in formulating the research areas. Maryudi et al. (2018) say that scientific agenda may need to balance between issue-driven and curiosity-driven science. This would bridge disconnects between scientific focus and policy priorities. They also need to communicate effectively to wider communities. Scientific information should be easily digested by the target groups; this requires a broader set of skills than the commonly used in scientific communities nonetheless (ibid.). This may well go beyond the capacity of the scientific community because they often have less influence on policy levels. To mediate this, Boecher and Krott (2016) highlight the role of intermediaries capable of transferring knowledge and mediating interests. Werland (2009) scientists may need to seek strategic coalitions with non-forestry actors in order to integrate their findings into policy.

Binderless MDF from Hydroxymethylated Kenaf Pulp Nyoman J Wistara; Wulan Starini; Fauzi Febrianto; Gustan Pari
Jurnal Ilmu Kehutanan Vol 12, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Fakultas Kehutanan Universitas Gadjah Mada

Modified lignin with improved reactivity can be a potential alternative for synthetic phenol formaldehyde resin for the adhesive of wood composite. Direct hydroxymethylation of kenaf in the present experiments was intended to increase lignin reactivity, and therefore was expected to result in satisfying properties of binderless MDF. The stem of kenaf was refined in a disk refiner and the refined fibers were hydroxymethylated in various levels of alkalinity. The concentration of NaOH during hydroxymethylation was of 3%, 6% and 12%. Wet process was applied to produce MDF (30 cm x 30 cm x 1 cm) with target density of 0.65 g/cm³. Physical and mechanical properties of MDF were measured in accordance with the standard procedure of JIS A 5905: 2003. Chemical changes in the surface of pulp and the change of board crystallinity were evaluated by FTIR-KBr method and X-Ray Diffractometry (XRD), respectively. Density, moisture content, and screw withdrawal of the board increased with increasing of NaOH concentration. Thickness swelling, water absorption, MOE and MOR increased up to 3% concentration of NaOH. The IB and heat conductivity of MDF were not influenced by NaOH concentration. Increasing OH groups due to hydroxymethylation was thought to be the origin of high water absorption and thickness swelling of the resulting boards. Higher alkalinity during hydroxymethylation stage was likely increasing cellulose crystallinity that brought about increasing board density. However, chemical modification of the fiber was thought to be more influential to the bending strength and stiffness of the resulting fiberboard. Hydroxymethylation of kenaf pulp was successfully improved board properties. Except for the moisture content, thickness swelling and internal bonding (at 0% and 3% NaOH concentration), all properties of the MDF satisfied the requirement of JIS A 5905: 2003 (type 5) standard. MDF Tanpa Perekat dari Pulp Kenaf TerhidroksimetilasiIntisariLignin yang telah ditingkatkan reaktifitasnya dapat menjadi bahan alternatif perekat resin sintetis fenol formaldehida. Reaktivitas lignin dapat diperbaiki melalui hidroksimetilasi. Dalam penelitian ini, batang kenaf digiling menggunakan disk refiner, dan selanjutnya dilakukan hidroksimetilasi pada beragam alkalinitas. Konsentrasi NaOH yang digunakan dalam hidroksimetilasi bervariasi dari 3%, 6% dan 12%. Proses basah diterapkan untuk membuat MDF (30 cm x 30 cm x 1 cm) dengan target kerapatan 0,65 g/cm3. Sifat fisis dan mekanis MDF diukur mengikuti prosedur standar JIS A 5905: 2003. Perubahan gugus fungsi permukaan pulp dan tingkat kristalinitas papan masing-masing dievaluasi menggunakan FTIR-metode KBr dan difraksi sinar X (XRD). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi NaOH tidak mempengaruhi IB dan konduktivitas panas MDF. Kerapatan, kadar air, dan kuat pegang sekrup cenderung meningkat dengan meningkatnya konsentrasi NaOH. Pengembangan tebal, daya serap air, MOE, dan MOR meningkat sampai dengan hidroksimetilasi dalam NaOH konsentrasi 3%. Peningkatan gugus OH serat akibat hidrosimetilasi diduga meningkatkan penyerapan air dan pengembangan tebal papan yang dihasilkan. Alkalinitas hidroksimetilasi yang lebih tinggi meningkatkan gugus cincin aromatik yang menunjukkan bahwa reaksi formaldehida berlangsung dengan lebih baik. Peningkatan alkalinitas dalam hidroksimetilasi meningkatkan kristalinitas selulosa. Peningkatan kristalinitas selulosa diduga berkontribusi dalam meningkatkan kerapatan, namun perubahan gugus kimia serat diduga lebih berpengaruh terhadap MOR dan MOE dari papan serat yang dihasilkan. Hidroksimetilasi pulp kenaf berhasil meningkatkan sifat papan. Kecuali untuk kadar air, pengembangan tebal dan IB (pada hidroksimetilasi dalam 0% dan 3% NaOH), semua sifat-sifat dari MDF yang dihasilkan memenuhi persyaratan standar JIS A 5905: 2003 (tipe 5).

Association of Mushroom Cultivation and Ozonolysis as Pretreatment for Enzymatic Saccharification of Sengon(Falcataria moluccana) Sawdust Denny Irawati; Soekmana Wedatama; Futoshi Ishiguri; Shinso Yokota
Jurnal Ilmu Kehutanan Vol 12, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Fakultas Kehutanan Universitas Gadjah Mada

Wood industry based on sengon (Falcataria moluccana) material has developed rapidly and cause the huge wastes. Lignocellulosic materials, such as sengon sawdust, offer a great potential as cheap and abundant feedstock for biofuels production. Ozone oxidation pretreatment was carried out on sengon wastes to improve fermentable sugar production by enzymatic saccharification. Sengon wood (SW), sengon media (SM), and sengon spent media (SMM), that was waste of media after mushroom cultivation, treated with ozone for different treatment time were enzymatically saccharified. Then the decrease of hydrolysis weight, reducing sugar yield, and monosaccharide yields were determined. Ozone treatment resulted in Klason lignin degradation in the all samples, resulting in the improvement of subsequent enzymatic saccharification. Ozone treatment with the duration more than 30 min was not suitable for SMM sample. Glucose yield after saccharification from the ozone-treated sample for 60 min was the highest among all samples in SW and SM treated, but for SMM it was 30 min. Based on these results, we concluded that mushroom cultivation can reduce the ozone time treatment and it is an effective treatment to improve sugar yield by enzymatic saccharification of sengon wastes. Gabungan Pra-perlakuan Ozonolisis dan Budidaya Jamur Sebelum Sakarifikasi Enzimatis Serbuk Kayu Sengon (Falcataria moluccana)IntisariIndustri kayu berbahan baku kayu sengon (Falcataria moluccana) saat ini tengah berkembang dengan sangat pesat dan hal ini menyebabkan timbulnya banyak limbah kayu sengon. Materi lignosellulosa, seperti limbah serbuk kayu sengon, merupakan potensi yang sangat baik sebagai bahan baku bio-fuel karena murah dan banyak tersedia. Praperlakuan dengan oksidasi ozon pada limbah kayu sengon dilakukan untuk meningkatkan produksi gula reduksi melalui proses sakarifikasi enzimatis. Serbuk sengon (SW), media sengon (SM), dan limbah media sengon (SMM), yang merupakan sisa dari media budidaya jamur, diberi perlakuan dengan ozon pada berbagai lama waktu perlakuan. Sampel yang sudah diberi perlakuan ozon tersebut kemudian dianalisis kandungan kimianya dan di-sakarifikasi secara enzimatis. Selanjutnya diukur laju hidrolisis, kadar gula pereduksi, dan kadar monosakarida. Perlakuan dengan ozon menyebabkan degradasi kadar Klason lignin di semua sampel, sehingga mengakibatkan peningkatan kemampuan sakarifikasi dari enzim. Perlakuan ozon dengan lama waktu lebih dari 30 menit tidak sesuai untuk sampel SMM. Kadar glukosa hasil sakarifikasi yang tinggi diperoleh dari sampel SW dan SM yang diberi perlakuan ozon selama 60 menit, serta SMM yang diberi perlakuan 30 menit. Berdasarkan hasil ini, dapat disimpulkan bahwa perlakuan jamur dapat mengurangi lama waktu perlakuan ozon dan praperlakuan efektif untuk meningkatkan kadar gula reduksi yang dihasilkan dari sakarifikasi enzimatis limbah kayu sengon.

Studi Mutu Kayu Jati di Hutan Rakyat Gunungkidul. VII. Ketahanan terhadap Rayap Tanah Ganis Lukmandaru; Pito Wargono; Arsy Rahman Mohammad; Vendy Eko Prasetyo
Jurnal Ilmu Kehutanan Vol 12, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Fakultas Kehutanan Universitas Gadjah Mada

Kayu jati telah digunakan untuk bermacam produk karena sifat ketahanan alami di atas rata-rata serta keindahan serat dan warna kayunya. Meski demikian, terdapat variasi untuk sifat ketahanan alami di antara pohon yang tumbuh di tempat tumbuh yang berbeda. Penelitian sebelumnya telah mendeskripsikan sifat kimia kayu jati tumbuh di zona ekologis yang berbeda (Nglipar, Panggang, dan Playen). Sebagai lanjutan, penelitian ini bertujuan menentukan sifat ketahahan alami terhadap rayap pada kayu jati yang tumbuh di hutan rakyat Gunungkidul dan mengeksplorasi faktor yang berkorelasi terhadap sifat tersebut yaitu sifat kimia dan warna kayu. Tujuan lainnya adalah membandingkan data yang diperoleh dengan data kayu yang tumbuh di hutan tanaman Perhutani (Randulatung). Uji pengumpanan tanpa pilihan menggunakan rayap tanah Coptotermes curvignathus terhadap sampel kayu dari tiga tempat tumbuh tersebut. Sifat warna tiap sampel diukur dengan sistem diukur menggunakan sistem CIELAB(L*, a*, b*). Data sifat kimia dan warna kemudian dihubungkan dengan kehilangan berat dan persen hidup rayap setelah 13 hari pengumpanan. Kayu gubal dan teras dari semua pohon menunjukkan aktivitas anti rayap. Perbedaan nyata diamati dalam persen hidup dalam interaksi faktor tempat tumbuh dan arah radial pohon. Sampel dari Panggang menunjukkan ketahanan alami yang lebih tinggi didasarkan persen hidup rayapnya. Selanjutnya, bagian teras dari sampel Playen dan Panggang menunjukkan aktivitas anti rayap yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan sampel dari Randublatung. Pengukuran warna menghasilkan tidak adanya beda nyata untuk kecerahan (L*) antara teras bagian luar dan dalam. Berdasar tempat tumbuhnya, sampel Playen memberikan warna kayu yang paling cerah. Apabila data di bagian teras dan gubal digabungkan, nilai kehilangan berat berhubungan positif dengan nilai kelarutan dalam air panas serta nilai kehilangan berat berhubungan negatif dengan nilai kadar ekstraktif etanol-toluena. Selain itu, nilai pH berkorelasi secara moderat dengan persen hidup rayap selama 8 hari pengamatan. Untuk sifat warna, diamati nilai kemerahan (a*) yang semakin tinggi diiringi oleh kenaikan kehilangan berat di bagian teras. Study of Teakwood Quality from Community Forests in Gunungkidul. VII. Natural Subterranean Termite ResistanceAbstractTeak wood has been used for various uses because of its excellent natural durability as well as beautiful grain and colour of its heartwood. However, variability in natural durability exists between trees of different geographical zones. The previous paper in this series reported on the chemical properties of teak wood from different zones (Nglipar, Panggang, and Playen). In this study, as a continuation, natural termite resistance of teak wood grown in community forests of Gunungkidul and the factors correlating to the termite resistance i.e. chemical and colour properties, were determined. Further, the data obtained here were compared with that of wood samples from Perhutani forest plantation (Randublatung site). No-choice termite feeding test by using a subterranean termite Coptotermes curvignathus were conducted on wood samples taken from three trees of three planted sites. The colour properties of each sample were measured using the CIELAB (L*, a*, b*) system. The chemical and colour characteristics results then were correlated with the mass loss of wood and survival rate of termites after 13 days of feeding. The heartwood and sapwood of all of the trees tested exhibited antitermitic activities. Significant differences were found in survival rate of termites due to interaction of the site and radial position. Samples from Panggang had larger termite resistance judging by its survival rate of termites. Further, the heartwood regions of Panggang and Playen sites exhibited higher antitermite activities than those of Randublatung samples. Measurements of colour showed that no significant differences were found between outer and inner heartwood parts. Samples from Playen showed the lightest on the basis of the sites. In the combined sapwood and heartwood data, mass loss was positively associated with hot-water solubility levels and negatively with ethanol-toluene extractive content. In addition, pH values moderately correlated with survival rate on 8-day observation. With regard to colour properties, it was measured that larger a* values (redness) induced larger mass loss of heartwood.

Distribusi dan Keanekaragaman Herpetofauna di Hulu Sungai Gunung Sindoro, Jawa Tengah Subeno Subeno
Jurnal Ilmu Kehutanan Vol 12, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Fakultas Kehutanan Universitas Gadjah Mada

Sebagian besar lahan di kawasan lereng Gunung Sindoro sudah mengalami konversi menjadi tipe penggunaan lahan lain terutama pertanian. Kondisi ini tentu saja sangat memengaruhi potensi biotik yang ada di sana. Penggalian potensi fauna yaitu herpetofauna sangat perlu dilakukan karena herpetofauna bisa digunakan sebagai indikator kerusakan lingkungan yang terjadi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui distribusi dan keanekaragaman jenis herpetofauna yang ada di hulu sungai pada kawasan lereng Gunung Sindoro. Metode yang akan digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Visual Encounter Survey (VES) dengan rancangan transek. Penempatan transek sepanjang 1 km yang digunakan di sepanjang sungai yang ada di dalam kawasan lereng Gunung Sindoro. Jenis data yang dikumpulkan adalah data jenis yang meliputi nama jenis, jumlah individu/jenis, SVL (snout-vent length), berat, jenis kelamin, dan aktivitas saat dijumpai dan posisi dalam lingkungan. Selanjutnya digunakan indeks keragaman Shanon-Wiener untuk mengetahui keanekaragaman herpetofauna. Distribusi atau sebaran dilakukan dengan mengolah titik koordinat perjumpaan dengan herpetofauna menggunakan ArcView 3.3. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan dari seluruh lokasi penelitian berhasil ditemukan sebanyak 14 jenis herpetofauna yang terdiri dari 4 jenis reptil dan 10 jenis amfibi. Famili Ranidae dan Dicroglossidae mendominasi jenis amfibi yaitu sebanyak 3 jenis dan untuk famili Bufonidae, Megophrydae, Microhylidae, dan Rhacophoridae masing-masing terdiri dari 1 jenis. Keempat jenis reptil yang ditemukan berasal dari 4 famili yang berbeda yaitu Colubridae, Agamidae, Gekkonidae, dan Scincidae. Indeks keragaman herpetofauna di kawasan tersebut memiliki nilai sebesar 1,03 yang termasuk kategori rendah. Persebaran spesies herpetofauna bervariasi dimana 1 spesies tersebar di seluruh lokasi pengamatan sedangkan 2 spesies tersebar di empat lokasi pengamatan. Selanjutnya, 1 spesies tersebar di 3 lokasi, 3 spesies yang tersebar di 2 lokasi, dan 6 spesies hanya ditemukan di 1 lokasi pengamatan. Distribution and Diversity of Herpetofauna in Upper River of Mount Sindoro, Central JavaAbstractMost of area on the slopes of Mount Sindoro has been converted from forest area to other land-use types, particularly into agriculture area. The massive conversion in this region can have a significant effect for its biotic conditions. The exploration of fauna, especially herpetofauna, is highly necessary as they can be used as indicators of environmental degradation. The purpose of this study was to explore the distribution and diversity of herpetofauna in the upper river on the slopes of Mount Sindoro. The method used in this study was the Visual Encounter Survey (VES) with transects design. Transects were placed with the length of 1 km along rivers in the study area. We collected herpetofauna species, number of individuals, measured snout-vent length, weight, identified sex, and observing their activities when encountered. Further, Shannon-Wiener diversity index was used to determine the diversity of herpetofauna. The mapping distribution of herpetofauna was done by processing the coordinates of an encountered herpetofauna with using ArcView 3.3. The results showed that from all of the study site, it had been found 14 species of herpetofauna which consisted of 4 species of reptiles and 10 species of amphibians. Family Ranidae and Dicroglossidae were dominant amphibians with 3 species. Further, family Bufonidae, Megophrydae, Microhylidae, and Rhacophoridae had 1 species for each. Four species of reptiles were found from 4 different families (Colubridae, Agamidae, Gekkonidae and Scincidae). Herpetofauna diversity index in the region had a value of 1.03 which was considered in a low category level. Distribution of herpetofauna species were varied i.e. 1 species scattered throughout the observation location whereas 2 species were spread across four observation sites. In addition, 1 species was spread over 3 locations, 3 species were spread across 2 locations and 6 species were only found in 1 location.

Pengaruh Beberapa Karakteristik Kimia dan Fisika Tanah pada Pertumbuhan 30 Famili Uji Keturunan Jati (Tectona grandis) Umur 10 Tahun Daryono Prehaten; Sapto Indrioko; Suryo Hardiwinoto; Mohammad Na'iem; Haryono Supriyo
Jurnal Ilmu Kehutanan Vol 12, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Fakultas Kehutanan Universitas Gadjah Mada

Pertumbuhan tanaman dipengaruhi oleh faktor genetik dan faktor lingkungan. Salah satu faktor lingkungan yang sangat memengaruhi pertumbuhan adalah sifat kimia dan fisika tanah. Beberapa famili jati yang ditanam pada lokasi yang berbeda diduga mempunyai respon pertumbuhan yang berbeda pula. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui respon pertumbuhan (tinggi dan diameter) tanaman jati dari 30 famili yang ditanam pada dua lokasi yang berbeda, secara khusus untuk mengetahui pengaruh karakteristik sifat kimia dan fisika tanah pada pertumbuhan jati di dua lokasi tersebut. Metode penelitian yang dilakukan untuk mengukur pertumbuhan 30 famili jati yaitu tinggi total tanaman dan diameter setinggi dada. Sampel tanah diambil dengan terlebih dahulu membuat lubang profil tanah berukuran 1 m × 1 m dengan kedalaman 1 meter kemudian sampel diambil dari kedalaman 0-10 cm, 10-20 cm, 20-40 cm, dan 40-60 cm. Sifat kimia yang diamati adalah pH H2O, C Organik, N total, P, K, Ca, dan Mg tersedia serta Kapasitas Pertukaran Kation (KPK), sedangkan sifat fisik yang diukur adalah tekstur. Analisis statistik dilakukan dengan melakukan uji-t. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan parameter diameter tanaman, semua (30) famili tanaman jati menunjukkan perbedaan yang nyata di antara dua lokasi, sedangkan parameter tinggi hanya sebagian kecil famili yang berbeda nyata. Karakter kimia dan fisik tanah juga menunjukkan perbedaan nyata di antara dua lokasi. Parameter kimia tanah yaitu pH H2O, K, Ca, dan Mg tersedia, berbeda nyata antara 2 lokasi sedangkan kandungan C Organik, P tersedia dan KPK tidak berbeda nyata. Sementara dari sifat fisiknya, kandungan lempung dan debu pada dua lokasi berbeda nyata, sedangkan kandungan pasirnya tidak berbeda secara nyata. Perbedaan-perbedaan tersebut menunjukkan beberapa sifat tanah memang memengaruhi respon tanaman jati dalam hal pertumbuhan baik tinggi maupun diameternya. The Effect of Soil Chemical and Physical Characteristics on Growth of 30 Families of Teak (Tectona grandis) in a 10-year-old Progeny TestAbstractSome environmental factors that greatly affect plant growth are soil’s physical and chemical properties. Some teak families planted at different locations alleged to have different growth responses. This study aimed to investigate the growth response of teak (height and diameter) from 30 families, and to determine the effect of soil chemical and physical characteristics on teak growth in two different locations. Teaks were measured for total height and diameter at breast height. Soil pits (size: 1 m x 1 m and 1 m in depth) were dug and samples were taken from 0-10 cm, 10-20 cm, 20-40 cm and 40-60 cm in depth. Soil characteristics measurement were conducted on pH (H2O), organic carbon, total Nitrogen, available P, K, Ca, and Mg, also the Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC). Further, soil physical properties been measured was soil texture. Statistical analysis was performed by t- test. The results showed that teak’s diameter of all 30 families, showed significant differences between the two locations, while only a small proportion of height parameters significantly differed among families. Chemical and physical characters of the soil also showed differences between the two locations. Soil pH (H2O), available K, Ca, and Mg, were significantly differed between the two locations while the content of organic C, available P and the CEC were not significantly differed. For the soil physical properties, content of clay and silt in two location significantly differed whereas the sand content did not differ significantly. These differences indicate that some properties of the soil were affecting the growth response of teak famili in terms of both height and diameter.

Dampak Keterbukaan Tajuk terhadap Kelimpahan Tumbuhan Bawah pada Tegakan Pinus oocarpa Schiede dan Agathis alba (Lam) Foxw. Danang Wahyu Purnomo; Didi Usmadi; Julisasi Tri Hadiah
Jurnal Ilmu Kehutanan Vol 12, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Fakultas Kehutanan Universitas Gadjah Mada

Keberadaan tumbuhan bawah sebagai akibat adanya bukaan tajuk merupakan keuntungan tersendiri bagi ekosistem lokal termasuk penyediaan nutrisi bagi tegakan yang ada. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi dampak keterbukaan tajuk terhadap keragaman tumbuhan bawah. Metode pengambilan data dilakukan menggunakan line transect dengan plot 2 m × 2 m dengan arah memotong garis kontur pada tegakan Pinus oocarpa, Agathis alba, dan hutan alam sebagai pembanding. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keragaman tumbuhan bawah pada semua tegakan tergolong tinggi, dimana indeks keragaman pada tegakan Pinus oocarpa sebesar 3,19, tegakan Agathis alba sebesar 3,19, dan hutan alam sebesar 3,48. Hasil analisis regresi menunjukkan bahwa semakin tinggi prosentase tutupan tajuk maka keragaman jenis akan semakin berkurang. Pengurangan tutupan tajuk sebesar 100% akan menghasilkan kenaikan indeks keragaman sebesar 2,11. Kegiatan penjarangan atau perampingan tegakan perlu dilakukan pada tegakan pinus di tegakan pinus di Petak 43 Lebak Siu (nilai rerata tutupan tajuk/X=0,7 dan Petak 44 Rangkahan (X= 0,65), serta pada tegakan agathis di Petak 55 Kompos (X =0,51) dan Petak 55 Pancuran (X= 0,50). Pembabatan tumbuhan bawah perlu dilakukan untuk jenis-jenis eksotis yang berpotensi invasif seperti Clidermia hirta, Disporum uniflorum, dan Nephrolepis exaltata untuk mempertahankan kelestarian jenis asli. Impacts of Canopy Gap to the Understory Plants Abundance on Stands of Pinus oocarpa Schiede and Agathis alba (Lam.) Foxw.AbstractUnderstory plant existed by canopy gap is distinct advantages for the local ecosystem, including the provision of nutrition for the forest stand. The research aimed to identify impacts of canopy gap to the understory plants abundance. Data were collected using line transect method, which a plot (2 m × 2 m) was placed on opposite direction with contour line in Pinus oocarpa stand, Agathis alba stand, and the natural forest as a control. The results showed that diversity of understory in all stands was high, i.e. Diversity Index (H’) of pine stands was 3.19, agathis stands was 3.19, and the natural forest was 3.4. Regression analysis showed a higher value of canopy cover significantly decreased species diversity. Reduction of 100% canopy cover would result in an increase of diversity index of 2.11. Thinning and pruning were required on pine stands in Block 43 Lebak Siu (canopy cover average/ X=0.7) and Block 44 Rangkahan (X=0.65) as well as agathis stands in Block 55 Kompos (X =0.51) and Block 55 Pancuran (X=0.50). Clearing was required to the exotic plants i.e. Clidermia hirta, Disporum uniflorum, and Nephrolepis exaltata to maintain the sustainability of native species.

Evaluasi Sistem Kompensasi Kayu Hutan Produksi pada Hak Ulayat Suku Sougb, Kabupaten Teluk Bintuni, Papua Barat Jonni Marwa; Simson Werimon
Jurnal Ilmu Kehutanan Vol 12, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Fakultas Kehutanan Universitas Gadjah Mada

Kompensasi di Provinsi Papua Barat merupakan upaya pemerintah menekan konflik pemanfaatan kayu dari hutan produksi antara korporasi dan masyarakat adat. Hanya saja dalam implementasinya sering timbul ketidakpuasaan terhadap aliran manfaat yang diterima. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi sistem kompensasi kayu yang dipungut dari hak ulayat Suku Sougb berdasarkan: aliran manfaat, nilai WTP dan WTA, mekanisme, dan isi kebijakan kompensasi. Penelitian ini dilakukan di wilayah Kabupaten Teluk Bintuni khususnya pada hak ulayat masyarakat Suku Sougb yang berdiam di Kampung Bina Desa, Kampung Lama, Tirasai, Atibo, dan Tihibo. Obyek kajian adalah pemilik hak ulayat Suku Sougb dan pihak perusahaan yang dipilih secara purposif. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan cara wawancara dengan menggunakan kuisioner. Selanjutnya data yang terkumpul dianalis secara statistik dan disajikan secara deskriptif. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa kompensasi kayu dari hutan produksi yang berada di wilayah hak ulayat Suku Sougb telah memberikan manfaat rata-rata per tahun mencapai Rp. 293.764.482. Nilai WTA masyarakat adat untuk jenis kayu merbau rata-rata total Rp. 729.032,- sedangkan WTP perusahaan Rp. 60.000/m3 sampai Rp. 100.000/m3. Mekanisme kompensasi yang dipraktekkan selama ini dalam pengusahaan hutan produksi di Papua Barat menunjukkan bahwa tidak satupun dari kriteria kunci yang dilaksanakan secara utuh atau lengkap. Terdapat celah kebijakan yang menjadi permasalahan tentang kompensasi baik pada standar pengenaan kompensasi, prosedur dan tata cara pembayaran, serta pembinaan, pengawasan, dan pelaporan. Evaluation of Compensation System of Production Forest in Communal Land Right of Sougb Tribe, Teluk Bintuni Regency, West Papua ProvinceAbstractIn West Papua Province, the compensation program was intended to solve the conflict between local people and logging corporations. Nevertheless, the program has not been implemented effectively. Therefore, the goal of this study was to evaluate the compensation of communal land right of Sougb Tribe in term of benefit flow, WTP, WTA, the mechanism as well as the compensation policy. This research took place in Teluk Bintuni Regency and data were collected in five villages (Kampung Bina Desa, Kampung Lama, Tirasai, Atibo and Tihibo) as communal landowner of Sougb Tribe. Then, the local people and corporation were purposively interviewed using questionnaire. Data were analysed statistically and presented descriptively. The results showed that the compensation of communal land right of Sougb Tribe per year was IDR 293,764,482 on average; WTA of local people for Merbau was IDR 729,032 ; and WTP of logging corporation ranged from IDR 60,000/m3 to IDR 100,000/m3. The mechanism of compensation has been carried out for about couple of years without paying full attention to the key criteria. Consequently, compensation policy has not been enforced fully such as standard payment of compensation, the payment procedures, local community development, controlling and reporting.

Karakteristik Petani dan Kontribusi Hutan Kemasyarakatan (HKm) Terhadap Pendapatan Petani di Kulon Progo Indah Novita Dewi; San Afri Awang; Wahyu Andayani; Priyono Suryanto
Jurnal Ilmu Kehutanan Vol 12, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Fakultas Kehutanan Universitas Gadjah Mada

Salah satu program yang dikeluarkan Kementerian Kehutanan terkait pemberdayaan masyarakat adalah program Hutan Kemasyarakatan (HKm), yang salah satunya berlokasi di Kabupaten Kulon Progo. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik sosial ekonomi petani HKm Kulon Progo dan kontribusi HKm terhadap pendapatan petani. Penelitian dilakukan mulai November 2013 sampai dengan Februari 2014. Data dikumpulkan melalui survei dan wawancara kepada anggota kelompok tani dan dianalisis secara deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan petani HKm rata-rata berusia 53 tahun, pendidikan petani rendah karena 53% lulusan SD. Rata-rata jumlah tanggungan keluarga 4 orang. Rata-rata luas lahan andil 2.128 m2 dan rata-rata luas lahan milik 2.947 m2 sehingga termasuk petani gurem. Tujuh puluh persen petani HKm hutan produksi dan 47,3% petani HKm hutan lindung masuk ke dalam kategori miskin sekali dan miskin. Kontribusi HKm pada pendapatan petani adalah 6,4% pada hutan produksi dan 4,8% pada hutan lindung. Kecilnya kontribusi dari HKm berimplikasi pada upaya peningkatan pendapatan petani melalui pengembangan potensi tanaman empon-empon dan umbi-umbian serta potensi wisata. Characteristic of Farmer and Contribution of Community Forestry to Farmer’s Income in Kulon ProgoAbstractOne of the project that is held by Ministry of Forestry is Community Forestry (CF), which one is located in Kulon Progo. This research aim was to obtain the social-economic characteristic of CF farmers in Kulon Progo and to know the contribution of CF to their total earning. The data collection had been held from November 2013 until February 2014 and was collected by survey and interview to some members of CF groups. The data was analyzed by descriptive qualitative method. The results showed that the average of farmer’s age was 53; farmer’s education was in a low level as 53% were graduated from elementary school. The average of family member were 4 persons. The average of CF land was 2.128 m2 and the average of farmers’s own land was 2.947 m2. That was meant that the farmer was near to be categorized as poor farmer. Seventy percent of farmers from production forest and 47.3% farmers from protected forest were categorized as very poor and poor. CF contribution towards farmer’s income was 6.4% in production forest and 4.8% in protected forest. The low contribution of CF implicated to improve farmer’s income through developing non-timber forest product asherbs and edible root and also potential for eco-tourism.

Kajian Peningkatan Potensi Ekspor Pelet Kayu Indonesia sebagai Sumber Energi Biomassa yang Terbarukan Victor Tulus Pangapoi Sidabutar
Jurnal Ilmu Kehutanan Vol 12, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Fakultas Kehutanan Universitas Gadjah Mada

Dunia saat ini mulai beralih dari menggunakan batu bara ke sumber energi yang terbarukan. Salah satunya adalah pelet kayu demi mengurangi emisi gas rumah kaca dan meningkatkan penggunaan energi terbarukan pengganti energi fosil. Produsen utama pelet kayu di dunia saat ini adalah Amerika Serikat sedangkan untuk wilayah ASEAN adalah Vietnam. Di ASEAN, potensi Indonesia tidak kalah dari Vietnam. Indonesia unggul dalam jumlah luas hutan tanam dan pertanian yang lebih luas dibandingkan Vietnam. Selain itu, keragaman hayati tumbuhan yang ada dapat dijadikan sumber bahan baku pelet kayu yang unik dibandingkan pesaing lainnya. Legalisasi dan regulasi untuk keberlangsungan bahan baku merupakan persyaratan utama untuk memasuki pasar Eropa. Pemerintah Indonesia memberikan dukungan penuh dengan semakin mudahnya perijinan terkait legalisasi dan keberlangsungan bahan baku kayu. Study of Increasing the Export Potential of Indonesia Wood Pellets as a Source of the Renewable Biomass Energy SourceAbstractThe world today is beginning to switch from using coal into renewable energy sources. One of them is wood pellets in order to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and increase the use of renewable energy substitute for fossil energy. The major manufacturer of wood pellets in the world today is the United States, while for the ASEAN region is Vietnam. In ASEAN, Indonesia’s potential is not less than Vietnam. Indonesia superior in numbers of forests and agricultural crops compare to Vietnam. In addition, the existing plant biodiversity that can be used as a source of raw material for wood pellets are unique compared to other competitors. Legalization and regulation in terms of the sustainability of raw materials is a key requirement to enter the European market. The Indonesian government gave full support to the more easily permits related legalization and sustainability of wood raw material.

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Contact Name
Tri Mulyaningsih

Contact Email
trimulya@unram.ac.id

Phone
+62274-512102

Journal Mail Official
jik@ugm.ac.id

Editorial Address
https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/jikfkt/about/editorialTeam

Location
Kab. sleman,

Daerah istimewa yogyakarta

INDONESIA

Abstract

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Home Page

OAI Link

Editorial Team

Contact

Reviewer

Google Scholar

Contact Name Tri Mulyaningsih

Contact Email trimulya@unram.ac.id

Phone +62274-512102

Journal Mail Official jik@ugm.ac.id

Editorial Address https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/jikfkt/about/editorialTeam

Location Kab. sleman, Daerah istimewa yogyakarta INDONESIA

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

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Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

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Abstract

Contact Name
Tri Mulyaningsih

Contact Email
trimulya@unram.ac.id

Phone
+62274-512102

Journal Mail Official
jik@ugm.ac.id

Editorial Address
https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/jikfkt/about/editorialTeam

Location
Kab. sleman,

Daerah istimewa yogyakarta

INDONESIA