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Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Core Subject : Agriculture,

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Articles 7 Documents

Search results for , issue "Vol 4, No 2 (2019): August" : 7 Documents clear

Effect of Salt Pretreatment on the Growth and Yield of Oryza sativa L. (cv. Dendang) under Saline Condition Nindya Arini; Budiastuti Kurniasih; Sriyanto Waluyo
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Vol 4, No 2 (2019): August
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada jointly with PISPI

Productivity of rice as staple food of Indonesia needs to be improved. One of the efforts is by utilizing saline area for agricultural land. Salinity can be a serious problem leading to a decrease in crop productivity. Plant adaptation under salinity is an alternative to lower the risk, which can be improved by seedling pretreatment. The experiment was conducted in Baros, Kretek, Bantul, Yogyakarta. The objective of this research was to determine the growth and yield response of rice cv. Dendang to the salt pretreatment at early stage. The experiment was arranged in completely randomized design. The treatments used were salt pretreatment and without salt pretreatment. The salt pretreatment increased K+ concentration, total dry matter, plant height and number of tillers. However, it decreased proline and Na+ concentration of leaf. There was no significant difference on the yield and yield component. Increasing EC values up to 8.35 dSm-¹ at generative phase reduced the rice ability to cope this level of salinity despite the application of salt pretreatment. The benefit of salt pretreatment was exhibited on rice grown under EC value 5 dSm-¹.

Growth and Yield Response of Maize (Zea mays L.) on Acid Soil to Different Rates of Humic Acid and NPK Fertilizer Putri Wulandari; Endang Sulistyaningsih; Suci Handayani; Benito Heru Purwanto
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Vol 4, No 2 (2019): August
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada jointly with PISPI

The main constraint in the extensification of maize on the dry land of acid soil is the low availability of P in soil. This study aimed to determine the effect and the optimal dose of humic acid on the growth and yield of maize on acid soil. This research was conducted from February to May 2017 at Tri Dharma Field Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Gadjah Mada University. Acid soil with low P availability used was from sub-district Cigudeg and Jasinga, West Java. The research was arranged in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with 2 factors. The first factor was maize cultivar, namely Bisi 2 and Pioneer 35. The second factor was the rate of humic acid and NPK fertilizer, consisting of 0 kg.ha-1 (without) NPK and 0% (without) humic acid, NPK + 0% (without) humic acid, NPK + 5% humic acid, NPK + 10% humic acid, and NPK + 15% humic acid. NPK fertilizer applied was NPK 16:16:16 at a dose of 350 kg.ha-1. The results showed that humic acid application on acid soil increased C-humic content in the soil, soil P availability, total dry weight of the plant, and kernel dry weight at harvest (15 weeks after planting). The increase in soil P availability did not improve the plant growth but increased the accumulation of plant biomass. The application of humic acid at 15% (52.5 kg.ha-1) combined with NPK fertilizer on acid soil significantly increased total dry weight of plant and kernel dry weight up to 13.14% and 21.81%, respectively, thus, it is recommended for maize cultivation on acid soil.

Response of Morphological and Physiological Characteristics of 4 Flood- tolerant Sugarcane (Saccharum Officinarum L.) Cultivars to ZA (Zwavelzuur Ammoniac) fertilizer application in Jember and Bondowoso Sholeh Avivi; Cacuk Purnomo; Ayu Puspita Arum; Sugeng Winarso; Sri Hartatik
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Vol 4, No 2 (2019): August
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada jointly with PISPI

The business expansion of sugarcane can be done using marginal land, such as wet land. This study attempted to get the right doses of ZA fertilizer applied to several sugarcane cultivars, which are tolerant to flooding in two different locations. The research was carried out in Jubung Agrotechnopark garden, University of Jember and seed gardens of Dewisri Bondowoso, from November 2015 to November 2016. The experiment was arranged in factorial randomized complete block design. The first factor was the doses of ZA fertilizer, consisting of 3 levels of treatment, i.e. 0 kg.ha-1 (without ZA fertilizer), 500 kg.ha-1 and 1000 kg.ha-1. The second factor was 4 sugarcane cultivars, consisting of flood-tolerant sugarcane cultivars from 2014 screening result, i.e. PSJT 941, Bulu Lawang, PS 865 and Kidang Kencana. The results showed that the application of ZA fertilizer at 1000 kg.ha-1 affected the height of stems, the number of tillers, diameter of the stem and the number of segments. Meanwhile, the application of ZA fertilizer at 500 kg.ha-1 affected the number of leaves, fresh weight of shoots, dry weight of shoots, fresh weight of roots, dry weight of roots, brix content, and the content of sucrose and reducing sugar. Flood-tolerant sugarcane cultivars are shown by the highest brix and sucrose fertilizer, observed in PS 865, Bulu Lawang, PSJT 941, and Kidang Kencana, sequentially. The highest content of reducing sugar was found in PSJT 941, PS 865, Kidang Kencana, and Bulu Lawang, successively.

Genetic Diversity of Croton (Codiaeum variegatum (L.) Rumph.ex A. Juss) and Its Offspring Based on RAPD Markers Mufit Daryatun Asniawati; Aziz Purwantoro
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Vol 4, No 2 (2019): August
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada jointly with PISPI

Croton (Puring) is a native plant of Indonesia which has varied leaf shapes and colors. The diversity of croton increase through hybridization. The information on genetic diversity and relationship between parent and its offspring of crotons is very limited. This study aims to analyze the genetic diversity of cultivar Mawar (MW) and Walet (W) as parent compare to their offspring i.e, Black Marlet (BM), Kingkit 1 (KA), Kingkit 2 (KB), and Kamaratih (KM) using RAPD markers. This study used DNA extraction from the fresh leaf of six cultivars. The next steps were DNA quantification, primary optimization, DNA amplification with PCR, and electrophoresis. Statistical analysis was carried out using Genalex software. A total of 40 primers were screened, out of which 10 were selected for the analysis of genetic diversity. A total of 106 polymorphic bands were generated, ranging from 130 to 1850 bp. The results of RAPD analysis showed that Mawar as female parent had the highest polymorphic bands percentage of 69.01%, while Walet as male parent and its offspring ranged from 31.15 % to 43.94%. The genetic distance of the offspring with Walet ranged from 0.176 to 0.234 and genetic distance of the offspring with Mawar ranged from 0.314 to 0.372. It was indicated that all of offspring were closer to the male parent.

Correlation Between Secondary Metabolites of Leaf and the Resistance to Leaf Rust (Hemileia vastatrix) on Several Arabica Coffee Clones Gatot Subroto; Dwi Erwin Kusbianto; Sholeh Avivi; Slameto Slameto; Setiyono Setiyono
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Vol 4, No 2 (2019): August
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada jointly with PISPI

Indicator of coffee resistance to leaf rust attack (Hemileia vastatrix) is needed to select superior coffee plants resistant to biotic stress. This study aims to find the relationship between the content of secondary metabolites and the intensity of leaf rust attack, so that it becomes a reference in the selection of future coffee plants. The experimental design used was a completely randomized design (CRD) with several coffee clones as a treatment. This test tested 5 Arabica coffee clones consisting of Komasti, Maragogik, Usda, Andong sari, and HDT clones. Each consists of 3 replications, and each replication consists of 2 sample plants. Observations were made by observing the intensity of the attack, and plant metabolites such as phenolic content, flavonoids and antioxidant activity were observed when the leaves had been attacked by Hemileia vastatrix. Correlation of leaf rust attack levels with phenolic content, flavonoids and antioxidant activity showed a relationship between each observation variable. Flavonoid content in certain conditions can be used as an indicator to get Arabica coffee plants that are resistant to the attack of leaf rust.

The Growth and Flowering of Potted Chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat) on Types of Organic Media and Watering Frequent Ika Rahmawati; Endang Sulistyaningsih
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Vol 4, No 2 (2019): August
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada jointly with PISPI

The soils in Samigaluh are mostly dominated by clay and used by farmer for crops production. The growing media for potted chrysanthemum requires additional organic media that could be mixed with the organic material to improve chemical and physical soil properties. Furthermore, the research location is a region with little water in dry season. The research aimed to determine the growth and flower yield response of Avanthe agrihorti to the different organic material mixed with clay and watering frequency. The research was arranged in a split plot design with 3 replications, conducted at an altitude of 462 m above sea level in the village of Gerbosari, Samigaluh, from March to June 2018. The main plot was watering frequency, i.e. every day, every three days and every five days. The subplot was types of media, i.e. clay + manure, clay + manure + cocopeat, clay + manure +rice husk, and clay + manure + rice husk charcoal. Data on the growth and yield of chrysanthemum plants were observed and statistically analyzed with ANOVA and continued with DMRT test at 5%. The results showed that the types of media and watering frequency did not significantly give different effect on most of the observed variables. However, Avanthe Agrihorti planted on clay + manure + cocopeat at all watering frequencies showed better growth and yield of flowers than those planted on other media. The efficient watering frequency for Avanthe Agrihorti was every three days. This study provides information for farmers on an alternative method to prepare the best media for the cultivation of potted chrysanthemum on the soil clay.

The Effect of Furrow Containing Organic Matters to Upland Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Growth and Yield in Agroforestry System with Kayu Putih Puji Lestari Tarigan; Tohari Tohari; Priyono Suryanto
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Vol 4, No 2 (2019): August
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada jointly with PISPI

This research was aimed to know the effects of the furrow system containing organic matter for rainfed, to growth and yield of several varieties on agroforestry system with Kayu Putih. The research was conducted in Petak 83 Resort Pengelolaan Hutan (RPH) Menggoran, Bagian Daerah Hutan (BDH) Playen, Kesatuan Pengelolaan Hutan (KPH) Yogyakarta from March to August of 2018. The experimental design applied the strip plot design. The vertical factor was the furrow system of treatment consisting of 2 levels i.e, without furrow + without organic matter and furrow + organic matters. The horizontal factors were the varieties of upland rice consisting of 3 varieties i.e. Situ Patenggang, Situ Bagendit, and Ciherang. Then the collected data were analyzed by analysis of variance (Anova) applying a level of significance α = 5%. Whenever the significant differences among treatments were found, further analysis was carried out by applying the Tukey's HSD (Honestly Significant Difference) at 5% levels. The result showed that furrow containing organic matter was able to support plant growth in dry land. Situ Patenggang has highest adaptation to growth dan produce in drought stress. The combination of furrow containing organic matter with Situ Patenggang showed the best result in CGR, total root length, total chlorophyll content, number of panicle, number of spikelet per panicle, 1000 grain weight and estimated productivity.

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