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Manilkara: Journal of Bioscience
Published by Universitas Terbuka
ISSN : -     EISSN : 29640164     DOI : https://doi.org/10.33830/manilkara
Core Subject : Health, Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Veterinary
MANILKARA: Journal of Bioscience is designed to share research articles from academics, researchers, practitioners, and students on research in various aspects of biology and its applications. Papers for publication in this journal are selected through proper peer-review to ensure quality, originality, suitability, and legibility. This journal covers various disciplines in biology (microbiology, genetics, biochemistry, physiology, ecology, taxonomy, structure and development of animals/plants, and evolution); Biotechnology; and applied science in solving problems in the fields of biology (biomedical, agricultural, industrial, ethnobiological, and environmental). The journal is published biannually on February and August.
Arjuna Subject : Umum - Umum
Articles 5 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol 3 No 2 (2025): Februari" : 5 Documents clear
Struktur Komunitas Fitoplankton dan Tingkat Pencemaran di Danau Dendam Tak Sudah, Kota Bengkulu Putri, Inten Diana
MANILKARA: Journal of Bioscience Vol 3 No 2 (2025): Februari
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Terbuka

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33830/manilkara.v3i2.10241.2025

Abstract

Dendam Tak Sudah Lake (DDTS) is an aquatic ecosystem and nature reserve located in Dusun Besar Village, Singgaran Pati District, Bengkulu City. Its presence serves not only as a tourist destination and irrigation water supply for rice fields but also as a habitat for phytoplankton. The land use changes around the DDTS Nature Reserve have impacted the water quality of the lake, and phytoplankton are among the biota affected by these pressures. This study aims to assess the phytoplankton community structure and the pollution level in DDTS. The research was conducted by identifying and counting each phytoplankton species found and analyzing water quality. The results of the study showed that the phytoplankton richness in DDTS consisted of 20 species, including 8 species from the Bacillariophyceae class, 6 species from the Chlorophyceae class, 2 species from the Cyanophyceae class, and 4 species from the Euglenophyceae class. The highest phytoplankton abundance was found at the inlet with 1,135.2 individuals/l, followed by the midlet with 1,095.6 individuals/l, and the outlet with 997.2 individuals/l. The diversity index values were high (2.6-2.8), the evenness index was high (0.95-0.96), and dominance was low (0.07-0.08). The saprobic coefficient in DDTS was classified as β-Meso/Oligosaprobic, indicating that the water quality is lightly polluted, with a saprobic index value ranging from 0.6 to 0.87.
Perilaku Harian Buaya Muara (Crocodylus porosus) sebagai Indikator dan Parameter Penentu Pelepasliaran di Alam Bebas Karubun, Jemy Piter
MANILKARA: Journal of Bioscience Vol 3 No 2 (2025): Februari
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Terbuka

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33830/manilkara.v3i2.9658.2025

Abstract

Estuaria crocodiles (Crocodylus porosus) are wild animals protected under Law No.32 of 2024 to ensure the maintenance of their population, even though their conservation status is categorized as Least Concern (LC), indicating a low risk of extinction. This study aims to observe the daily behavior of estuarine crocodiles (Crocodylus porosus) at the Tegal Alur Animal Rescue Center, under the Natural Resources Conservation Agency of Jakarta. The data obtained are expected to serve as a reference for assessing the readiness and suitability of estuarine crocodiles to be released into their natural habitat. The study employed the focal animal sampling method, observaing daily behavioral parameters such as movement, feeding habits, social interactions, and basking behavior. The research sample consisted of two estuarine crocodiles: one adult female and one adult male. The data were analyzed to determine the percentage of daily behaviors and their relationship to environmental factors, particularly cage conditions. The results showed that daily behaviour of estuarine crocodiles at the Tegal Alur Animal Rescue Center generally reflects the typical lifestyle patterns of crocodiles in the wild. However, their movement is less unrestricted compared to crocodiles in their natural habits. Observed activities including moving, walking, or crawling between dry and wet areas; feeding behaviors such as catching, biting, positioning, and swallowing food; social behaviors like vocalizations and aggressive interactions when disturbed by other crocodiles; and basking behaviors, such as opening their mouths and quickly moving their front and hind legs and tail. In conclusion, the overall life activities of the estuarine crocodiles at the Tegal Alur Animal Rescue Center suggest that they retain natural behaviors, making them suitable for release back into their natural habitats.
Struktur Komunitas Spesies Katak dan Kodok Anggota Ordo Anura di Taman Nasional Bromo Tengger Semeru, Jawa Timur Ludhfiyah, Anggun; Bahri, Saiful; Firdausi, Nirmala
MANILKARA: Journal of Bioscience Vol 3 No 2 (2025): Februari
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Terbuka

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33830/manilkara.v3i2.10655.2025

Abstract

The Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park (BTSNP) area has a very large area (50,276 ha) covering 4 districts in East Java Province, so it is still necessary to conduct research on frog and toad species that are members of the Anura order in order to contribute to adding and completing databases that have been previously documented. The study aims to measure the diversity, uniformity, and dominance of frog and toad species belonging to the Anura order in several areas that are still included in the BTSNP area, namely Senduro Resort, Ireng-ireng Block, and Ranu Darungan. Observations were made using direct observation methods using Visual Encounter Survey (VES) combined with roaming techniques on transect lines. The results showed that 11 species of frogs and toads of the Anura order were found in the 3 research zones. The species diversity index value in Senduro Resort is in the low category (0.598), while in Ireng-ireng and Ranu Darungan Blocks it is in the medium category (1.183 and 1.006). The species evenness index in the 3 research zones showed moderate values (0.863; 0.85; 0.517), the dominance value obtained was in the low category (0.142; 0.027; 0.010). It was concluded that although the diversity index of frog and toad species was moderate in the 2 research zones, as well as the acquisition of species richness values of 11 species of 138 individual frogs and toads, the overall data of this information has meaning in supporting the management and conservation of frog and toad species members of the order Anura in BTSNP.
Uji Aktivitas Antimikroba dari Ekstrak Metanol Teripang Asal Perairan Lampung Untari, Febriana; Rasyid, Abdullah; Murniasih, Tutik; Wibowo, Joko Tri
MANILKARA: Journal of Bioscience Vol 3 No 2 (2025): Februari
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Terbuka

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33830/manilkara.v3i2.11162.2025

Abstract

Sea cucumbers possess various biological activities, including antihypertensive, antioxidant, anticoagulant, antimicrobial, hemolytic, cytotoxic, and immunomodulatory properties. These activities are attributed to the presence of primary and secondary metabolites in sea cucumbers, such as peptides, vitamins, minerals, fatty acids, saponins, steroids, carotenoids, collagen, gelatin, chondroitin sulfate, and amino acids. This study aims to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of methanol extracts from several sea cucumber species collected from Lampung waters. The agar disk diffusion method was used in the study. The results of methanol extracts from five sea cucumber species tested againts five microbial species showed varying outcomes. The highest yield of sea cucumber methanol extract was found in Bohadschia marmorata (3.88%), while the lowest was Metriatyla lessoni (2.68%). In the antibacterial potential test, no antibacterial activity was observed against the four tested bacteria. However, the fungus Candida albicans exhibited an inhibition zone. Four sea cucumber species demonstrated antifungal potential against C. albicans, with the following inhibition zone diameters: B. Marmorata (13.35 ± 2.76 mm), Holothuria lessoni (12.9 ± 0.71 mm), Stichopus quadrifasciatus (10.4 ± 0 mm), and Holothuria leucospilota (8.25 ± 0.07 mm).
Komparasi Kualitas Semen Segar dan Beku pada Sapi Pejantan Limousin di Teaching Farm Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Universitas Airlangga Achmad, Agil Ramadhan
MANILKARA: Journal of Bioscience Vol 3 No 2 (2025): Februari
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Terbuka

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33830/manilkara.v3i2.11163.2025

Abstract

One way to reduce the value of beef imports nationally is to conduct a program to increase the number of beef cattle breeders at the smallholder scale by increasing the efficiency of cattle reproduction through artificial insemination technology. The purpose of the study was to determine the difference in the quality of fresh semen and frozen semen of Limousin bulls. The research method used exploratory laboratory. The results of macroscopic observations showed that the value of fresh semen volume was 4.4-7.2 ml., the results of color observations on fresh and frozen semen were all milky white. The consistency of fresh semen is thick while frozen semen is liquid. Measurement of pH in fresh and frozen semen showed a result of 6.7, while the results of fresh semen motility measurements obtained a value of 77% and in frozen semen showed a result of 41.5%. Abnormality of fresh semen showed a value of 1.30% while in frozen semen the result was 0.00%. The results of the examination of spermatozoa concentration in fresh semen were 1,426(106)/ml, while in frozen semen it was 26.6(106)/ml. The results of microscopic evaluation showed that there were five variables that were significantly different (p<0.05), namely volume, viscosity, motility, abnormality, and concentration, and there were two variables that showed no significant difference (p>0.05), namely color and pH. It was concluded that there are significant differences in the five variables measured but these differences are still within reasonable threshold limits according to the quality standards published by the National Standardization Agency in 2021.

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