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Journal of Critical Realism in Socio-Economic (JOCRISE)
Published by Universitas Darussalam Gontor
ISSN : 29642930     EISSN : 29643317     DOI : https://doi.org/10.21111/jocrise
Core Subject : Religion, Economy, Humanities, Social,
Religion Humanities Economics, Econometrics & Finance Social Sciences
The objective of JOCRISE as a scholarly bedrock of critical thinking in socio-economic issues and problems comprises abstraction derived from the ontological premise and mapped into the continuum of the socio-economic learning system by the ontological being and becoming of logical formalism. Analytical investigation subsists upon the premise of unity of knowledge as the primal ontology. This approach is further characterized by the objective criterion of simulating global wellbeing in the evolutionary learning metaverses driven in continuum of matter and mind interrelationship by the episteme of unity of knowledge. Being a multidisciplinary scholarly journal of a singular kind in academia, JOCRISE is open to the methodological moral inclusiveness study of diverse issues and problems of the socio-scientific domain. Among this entirety, as few are named here: Theory of critical realism Theory of unity of knowledge Application of the theory of critical realism to socio-economics Theory of social ontology and applications From ontology to epistemology and phenomenology pertaining to socio-scientific problems Theory of multidisciplinary wellbeing of moral inclusiveness in science Evolutionary learning behavior and inter-variate circular causation in simulating wellbeing Islamic methodological worldview of unity of knowledge Application of Islamization of knowledge in socio-economics Sustainability in respect of a comprehensive objective criterion of wellbeing Climate change by socio-economic transformation for the common good Poverty alleviation and socio-economic restructuring Consciousness in socio-scientific structures and choices Pervasively participatory socio-economic development
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Ilmu Sosial (Lain-Lain)
Articles 69 Documents
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Reprint of ‘The Myth of a Normal Muslim: ‘Aql, Taklīf, and New Islamic Approaches to Neurodivergence’ Choudhury , Naba Ul-Alam
Journal of Critical Realism in Socio-Economics (JOCRISE) Vol. 3 No. 02 (2025): UNITY STRUCTURE OF LEGO-WORLD
Publisher : University of Darussalam Gontor Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21111/jocrise.v3i02.77

Abstract

This paper explores the intersection of Islamic concepts, such as ‘aql (intellect) and taklīf (legal responsibility), with the experiences of neurodivergent individuals, particularly those with autism. It argues for a re-evaluation of traditional Islamic understandings of disability to incorporate modern perspectives on neurodiversity. The research highlights that high-functioning autistic individuals possess the capacity to engage with religious obligations and that Islamic practices can be adapted to accommodate their unique needs. By advocating for an inclusive approach, the paper calls for a dialogue between classical Islamic jurisprudence and contemporary insights into neurodiversity, aiming to foster a supportive environment for neurodivergent Muslims within their communities. Ultimately, it seeks to provide a framework for understanding neurodiversity through an Islamic lens, promoting both spiritual engagement and social inclusion.Editorial Notes:A publisher’s error resulted in this article appearing in the wrong issue. The article is reprinted here for the reader’s convenience and for the continuity of this issue. This article is a reprint of a previously published article. For citation purposes, please use the original publication details; Choudhury , N. U.-A. (2024). P. 43-67
Nozick on Geographical Regulations: A Critique Block, Walter E. Block
Journal of Critical Realism in Socio-Economics (JOCRISE) Vol. 3 No. 02 (2025): UNITY STRUCTURE OF LEGO-WORLD
Publisher : University of Darussalam Gontor Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21111/jocrise.v3i02.78

Abstract

Nozick claims that under free enterprise, it would be possible for a malevolent very rich person to buy up land surrounding his enemy, and not allow outside of this barrier, and to prevent anyone else travelling within it. Thus, this target would be cut off from all trade and interaction with anyone else. In effect, this would constitute legalized murder. The logical implication of this critique of laissez faire capitalism, this “market failure” would be that the government ought to pass a law preventing this type of encirclement.
Pascal’s Wager and Theory-Induced Blindness Haykov, Joseph Mark
Journal of Critical Realism in Socio-Economics (JOCRISE) Vol. 3 No. 02 (2025): UNITY STRUCTURE OF LEGO-WORLD
Publisher : University of Darussalam Gontor Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21111/jocrise.v3i02.79

Abstract

Pascal’s Wager asserts that, based on the descriptions of God in the Bible, an individual is better off believing in the New Testament God than not. This God, referred to as Yahweh in the Torah and as Allah in the Quran, provides a consistent concept of the Biblical God across these texts. Pascal suggests that the hypothesis that the Biblical God is real could turn out to be true. According to the New Testament, Torah, and Quran, it is more beneficial to believe in God than not. From this shared viewpoint, belief leads to heaven, while disbelief, by definition, does not result in heavenly rewards. However, Pascal’s Wager has historically not been taken seriously due to theory-induced blindness. This paper explores this concept in more detail. This paper explores theory-induced blindness as a cognitive bias that influences rational decision-making, particularly in religious and philosophical contexts. By examining its foundations in cognitive psychology, mathematical logic, and set theory, this study highlights the role of implicit axioms in shaping belief systems. It further critiques the dual-hypothesis approach of Pascal’s Wager and discusses its limitations. Through interdisciplinary analysis, this paper demonstrates how unrecognized assumptions can distort logical reasoning, thereby questioning the validity of Pascal’s proposition and its broader implications in decision theory.
Money, Market and Systemic Causes of Poverty and Deprivation Rab, Hifzur
Journal of Critical Realism in Socio-Economics (JOCRISE) Vol. 3 No. 02 (2025): UNITY STRUCTURE OF LEGO-WORLD
Publisher : University of Darussalam Gontor Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21111/jocrise.v3i02.80

Abstract

Real causes of growing poverty and deprivation are dominance of interest driven money depreciating capitalism and accounting in nominal terms. The system causes market failure in determination of just and efficient prices. These cause most of the surplus produced to be assigned to capital at the cost of share that goes to human capital especially the labour, while monetary depreciation (inflation) continues to eat away saving of the commoners. The system keeps prices of products and wages of the unorganised sector/developing and under developed countries relatively cheaper. Resultant concentration of wealth and power in hands of the rich/ developed countries allows them to ensure that favourable policies and programmes are adopted.  These factors reinforce one other and even foreign trade lead to massive systemic transfer of wealth from poor and poor countries to the rich and developed countries. Massive transfer of wealth from poor to rich and from poor countries to rich countries keeps poverty and deprivation growing disregarding various poverty alleviation programmes worldwide. Dominance of this system together with failure of Islamic scholars to comprehend and address these problems especially monetary manipulation has compromised Islamic economic system that fails to manifest its truly just and efficient character
BOOK REVIEW: AFTER THE EXODUS: Gender and Belonging in Bangladesh’s Rohingya Refugee Camps Rahman, Farhana
Journal of Critical Realism in Socio-Economics (JOCRISE) Vol. 3 No. 02 (2025): UNITY STRUCTURE OF LEGO-WORLD
Publisher : University of Darussalam Gontor Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21111/jocrise.v3i02.81

Abstract

After the Exodus examines how forced migration of the Rohingya from Myanmar to Bangladesh has affected the gendered subjectivities and lived experiences of Rohingya refugee women, and transformed gender relations and roles in displacement. Based on 14 months of feminist ethnographic fieldwork in Bangladesh’s KutupalongBalukhali refugee camp in 2017 and 2018, the book uncovers the everyday strategies employed by refugee women to create a sense of belonging and to make a life for themselves after forced migration. Rohingya women adapt to camp life by negotiating marriage and intimate experiences, adjusting to changing gender divisions of labour, and navigating encounters with humanitarian aid agencies and male camp leaders. These women strategically bargain shifting power relations to reconstruct their lives in displacement, thereby reclaiming agency and asserting their identity through the spaces they create, inhabit, and reshape; the coping mechanisms they employ; and the bonds of kinship and community they forge.Farhana Afrin Rahman is currently a Leverhulme Early Career Fellow and Isaac Newton Trust Fellow at the Department of Politicsand International Studies, University of Cambridge, and a Junior Research Fellow at Wolfson College, Cambridge. Her research interests include gender, refugees and forced migration, international development, lived experiences, and violence and conflict, amongst others
The Dual Mandate: Profit And Public Good In Pharmaceutical Corporations : A Critical Realist Perspective Ahmed, Mukhtar
Journal of Critical Realism in Socio-Economics (JOCRISE) Vol. 3 No. 03 (2025): THE QUESTION OF UNIVERSALITY AND UNIQUENESS IN CRITICAL REALISM
Publisher : University of Darussalam Gontor Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21111/jocrise.v3i03.82

Abstract

This study explores the enduring conflict between profit motives and public health responsibilities in pharmaceutical corporations through a critical realist lens. It aims to reveal how corporate behaviors, such as pricing strategies and CSR initiatives are not random but deeply shaped by systemic capitalist structures and regulatory frameworks. Utilizing critical realism’s layered ontology (empirical, actual, and real), the analysis highlights how surface practices are driven by underlying economic imperatives, investor pressures, and intellectual property regimes. Case studies on insulin pricing and COVID-19 vaccine access demonstrate the challenges corporations face in balancing innovation with equitable healthcare delivery. Findings indicate that although some firms attempt to align business goals with societal needs, the dominant structures favor short-term profitability over long-term public benefit. The research argues that incremental reforms are insufficient and recommends systemic strategies, including patent law revisions, alternative financing mechanisms, and the incorporation of social impact metrics in corporate evaluations. By addressing root causes rather than symptoms, pharmaceutical corporations can better fulfill their dual mandate, ensuring both sustainable innovation and broader healthcare equity. A critical realist perspective thus provides a deeper understanding of why tensions persist and how more transformative changes can be achieved
Psychopathic Capture within Financial Capitalism: Albert Dunlap, Scott Paper, and Sunbeam Corporation Boddy, Clive
Journal of Critical Realism in Socio-Economics (JOCRISE) Vol. 3 No. 03 (2025): THE QUESTION OF UNIVERSALITY AND UNIQUENESS IN CRITICAL REALISM
Publisher : University of Darussalam Gontor Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21111/jocrise.v3i03.83

Abstract

This paper aims to explore the concept of ‘psychopathic capture’ within shareholder capitalism by examining the rise and fall of Albert Dunlap, one of the most self-congratulatory and media-applauded heroes of 20th-century capitalism. A historical analysis via a literature review of academic commentary on Albert Dunlap was undertaken. Additionally, Dunlap’s writings, press coverage, and reports from journalists who interviewed Dunlap was examined. The findings of this research: Dunlap’s tenure as CEO at Scott Paper and then Sunbeam Corporation saw him actively decreasing and eliminating the means of production by closing factories and making thousands of people redundant across the USA and elsewhere. Rather than building long-term capital, he destroyed it and was praised to the point of hero worship by the financial sector and rewarded for his destructiveness. This current paper demonstrates that ‘psychopathic capture’ exists within capitalism. Dunlap was psychopathic in his attitudes and behavior, and he captured (took over) the leadership of Sunbeam Corporation for at least two years. The results were psychopathic in that wealth was destroyed; employees were ruthlessly devalued, abused, and bullied, careers were ended, and shareholders were eventually impoverished. This is the first paper to specifically examine Priels’ idea of ‘psychopathic capture’ in relation to a detailed example from organizational history.
The Financial Architecture of Systemic Ecocide and Genocide: Investigating Systemic Criminality and Institutional Failure in Flanders Priels, Koenraad
Journal of Critical Realism in Socio-Economics (JOCRISE) Vol. 3 No. 03 (2025): THE QUESTION OF UNIVERSALITY AND UNIQUENESS IN CRITICAL REALISM
Publisher : University of Darussalam Gontor Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21111/jocrise.v3i03.84

Abstract

The global financial architecture proves to be a fundamental systemic driver of the currently escalating planetary polycrisis, causing enormous systemic risk by financial instability, economical inefficiency, increasing social inequalities, ecological overshoot and geopolitical tensions. This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of systemic criminality and institutional failure in Flanders, focusing on the global banking system's role in perpetuating systemic ecocide and genocide. Drawing on empirical evidence from Werner's research on bank money creation, Gauvin & Dominguez's mathematical demonstration of monetary system instability and documented regulatory failures, we expose a pattern of institutional protection mechanisms in Flemish regulatory bodies and academic institutions. The paper culminates in a groundbreaking legal complaint filed with the Belgian Public Prosecutor, invoking the new Belgian Ecocide Law to challenge the current financial system's legality. This research demonstrates how Flemish institutions actively perpetuate a criminal system that generates approximately €15 trillion in annual interest payments globally, forcing 3.3 billion people to live in countries spending more on interest than education.
Islamic Communication: A Critical Realist Perspective Taqiyuddin, Muhammad
Journal of Critical Realism in Socio-Economics (JOCRISE) Vol. 3 No. 03 (2025): THE QUESTION OF UNIVERSALITY AND UNIQUENESS IN CRITICAL REALISM
Publisher : University of Darussalam Gontor Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21111/jocrise.v3i03.85

Abstract

In this paper, I explore Islamic communication through a critical realist lens, aiming to enhance the understanding of its principles and applications in contemporary society. The research addresses how critical realism can be utilized to tackle modern challenges in Islamic communication, focusing on three key areas: the conceptualization of Islamic communication within critical realism, the practical implications for contemporary media, and the strategies for addressing intercultural communication challenges. Employing a qualitative methodology that includes theoretical analysis and case studies, I identify significant gaps in the existing literature and propose solutions to bridge these gaps. My findings reveal that integrating critical realism into Islamic communication theory enriches its framework, facilitates the development of practical media applications, and offers valuable strategies for enhancing intercultural communication. This study contributes to a more nuanced understanding of Islamic communication and suggests avenues for future research.
It Is Time, It Is Past Time, To Resolve The Abortion Debate Block, Walter E.
Journal of Critical Realism in Socio-Economics (JOCRISE) Vol. 3 No. 04 (2025): DISCUSSION ON QUR’ANIC NATURE OF MONEY
Publisher : University of Darussalam Gontor Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21111/jocrise.v3i04.86

Abstract

Debates over bodily autonomy and abortion often polarize between pro-choice and pro-life positions. “Evictionism” offers a third perspective, framing pregnancy through the lens of property rights and bodily sovereignty: a woman has full ownership of her body, and a fetus is considered an innocent but unauthorized occupant. This study explores evictionism within a critical realist paradigm, recognizing the layered reality of biological processes, social structures, and technological possibilities. It situates the argument in socio-economic contexts where access to reproductive healthcare, legal frameworks, and medical technology shape women’s autonomy and fetal viability. Using a critical realist approach, this research employs theoretical analysis and socio-economic contextualization. The study identifies ontological layers of pregnancy (biological, legal, and cultural), explores causal mechanisms (property rights discourse, medical technologies enabling fetal survival, and social norms), and evaluates agency-structure interactions. Data are drawn from legal texts, bioethical literature, and socio-economic reports on reproductive healthcare access. The methodology emphasizes retroduction to uncover underlying mechanisms and assesses how technology and policy mediate ethical positions on evictionism. Findings indicate that evictionism functions as a contingent ethical framework, deeply dependent on material conditions. In socio-economic settings with advanced neonatal care, evictionism converges with pro-life outcomes in late-term pregnancies while maintaining bodily autonomy. In contexts with limited healthcare infrastructure, evictionism’s overlap with pro-choice outcomes becomes pronounced due to technological constraints. The analysis reveals that bodily autonomy cannot be abstracted from socio-economic realities and power structures. Critical realism highlights evictionism’s emancipatory potential while cautioning against reducing bodily integrity to property metaphors without addressing systemic inequalities.

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