Molekul: Jurnal Ilmiah Kimia
The MOLEKUL is dedicated to fostering advancements in all branches of chemistry and its diverse sub-disciplines. It aims to publish high-quality research encompassing a wide range of topics, including but not limited to Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Biological Activities of Synthetic Drugs, Environmental Chemistry, Biochemistry, Polymer Chemistry, Petroleum Chemistry, and Agricultural Chemistry. By providing a platform for rigorous scientific inquiry and dissemination of knowledge, the journal strives to contribute to the understanding, innovation, and practical applications of chemistry in various fields. We encourage submissions that explore new methodologies, elucidate fundamental principles, address pressing challenges, and demonstrate the potential for real-world impact. Our journal welcomes original research articles, reviews, and perspectives from researchers, scholars, and professionals across the global scientific community, promoting interdisciplinary collaboration and the advancement of chemical sciences. The scope of this journal encompasses a wide range of topics within the field of chemistry, with a particular focus on advancing knowledge and innovation in the following areas: 1. Theoretical Chemistry and Environmental Chemistry: This includes theoretical studies, computational modeling, and experimental investigations related to chemical reactivity, molecular structures, spectroscopy, and the environmental fate and impact of chemicals. 2. Materials Synthesis for Energy and Environmental Applications: The journal welcomes research on the synthesis, characterization, and application of materials for energy storage, catalysis, solar energy conversion, pollution mitigation, and sustainable environmental technologies. 3. Isolation, Purification, and Modification of Biomolecules: Manuscripts addressing the isolation, purification, and modification of biomolecules, such as proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, and lipids, along with their applications in areas such as biotechnology, drug discovery, and diagnostics, are of particular interest. 4. Fabrication, Development, and Validation of Analytical Methods: The journal encourages submissions focusing on the development and optimization of analytical techniques, including chromatography, spectroscopy, electrochemistry, and mass spectrometry. Topics may include method validation, sample preparation, quality control, and applications in diverse fields.
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<![CDATA[Effect of LiTFSI Electrolyte Salt Composition on Characteristics of PVDF-PEO-LiTFSI-Based Solid Polymer Electrolyte (SPE) for Lithium-Ion Battery ]]>
<![CDATA[Hasim Muzadi]]>;
<![CDATA[Nayla Zahra Kamalia]]>;
<![CDATA[Titik Lestariningsih]]>;
<![CDATA[Yayuk Astuti]]>
<![CDATA[ Molekul Vol 18 No 1 (2023) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Jenderal Soedirman ]]>
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DOI: 10.20884/1.jm.2023.18.1.6446
<![CDATA[A lithium-ion battery with PVDF-PEO synthetic polymer sheet added by LiTFSI electrolyte salt has been made by assembling method. This study aims to determine the effect of LiTFSI salt concentration on the performance of lithium-ion batteries. The composition of LiTFSI electrolyte salts was varied into 5%; 10%; 15%; and 20%. Several characterizations were carried out to determine battery performance, including Electrochemical Impedance Spectrometry (ElS), Cyclic Voltammetry (CV), Charge/Discharge (CD), and Lithium Transference Number (LTN). The results showed that the synthesized separator sheet with a LiTFSI salt composition of 20% producing voltage, ionic conductivity, and lithium-ion transfer number of 0.72 V; 3.94 x 10-8 SCm-1; and 0.895, respectively is potential for lithium-ion batteries application. These results indicate the use of LiTFSI electrolyte salts with a concentration of 20% shows the best performance for PVDF-PEO-LiTFSI-based lithium-ion batteries.]]>
<![CDATA[Determination of The Adsorption Kinetics for Adsorption Methylene Blue Dye with C-4-Hydroxy-3-Methoxyphenylcalix[4]resorcinarene ]]>
<![CDATA[ Molekul Vol 18 No 1 (2023) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Jenderal Soedirman ]]>
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DOI: 10.20884/1.jm.2023.18.1.6768
<![CDATA[Adsorption kinetics is part of adsorption and discusses the adsorption rate of an adsorbent on the adsorbate. Adsorption kinetics has an equation to determine the rate constant of adsorption, namely the pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order. In this study, methylene blue was adsorbed using a C-4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenylcalix[4]resorcinarene (CHMFKR) adsorbent. The aim of this study to determine the effect of process parameters (concentration, pH, and processing time) on the process adsorption, with the Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherm model approach, and to determine the adsorption kinetics of methylene blue with CHMFKR. Ten mL of methylene blue solution with various concentrations of 5, 6, 8, 10, and 11 ppm with a solution pH of 7 was added to as much as 0.001 gram of CHMFKR adsorbent and stirred at 600 rpm for 40 minutes. The solution was measured, and its absorbance was measured using the UV-Vis Spectrophotometer. The results show that the adsorption kinetics follow pseudo second order with an adsorption rate of 0.7217 ± 0.4 g/mg.s. The adsorption isotherm follows the Langmuir equation, and the maximum adsorption amount is 114.94 ± 2.04 mg/g.]]>
<![CDATA[Chemical Profiling and Histamine Inhibitory Activity Assessment of Merremia Vitifolia and Bidens Pilosa Extracts ]]>
<![CDATA[Candra Yulius Tahya]]>;
<![CDATA[Karnelasatri Karnelasatri]]>;
<![CDATA[Nelson Gaspersz]]>
<![CDATA[ Molekul Vol 18 No 1 (2023) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Jenderal Soedirman ]]>
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DOI: 10.20884/1.jm.2023.18.1.6833
<![CDATA[There are two species of plant that grow flourishing all around Indonesia including in Banten and West Java which are Merremia vitifolia and Bidens pilosa. In this study we evaluate how these plants could be potentially used as natural preserver of fish product especially Auxis thazard, to inhibit the histamine formation, and to find out how this activity correlates to the substances in polar extract of B. pilosa flowers and M. vitifolia leaves. Liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) were used to identify the substances of the plant’s part extracts. There are 27 chemicals in M. vitifolia extract and 14 chemicals in B. pilosa extract that have been detected. A triglyceride has been detected, isolated, and characterized by FTIR, 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR from n-hexane extract of M. vitifolia supported by LC-MS/MS data. Histamine formation in fish was determined after 30 min treatment with 4-hydroxybenzoic acid solution is around 40 – 51 mg / 100 g of fish, while treatment with M. vitifolia and Bidens pilosa extracts were less than 10 mg / 100 g of fish. This is the indication of high potential of both extract as preserver of fish products. Many of the identified substances have bioactivity like antimicrobial, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and more, which influence the extracts’ ability to inhibit the formation of histamine in fish.]]>
<![CDATA[A Novel Enzyme Biosensor Based on Ag/Reduced Graphene Oxide/Chitosan Membrane with Potentiometer for Pesticide Detection ]]>
<![CDATA[Mashuni Mashuni]]>;
<![CDATA[Nur Arfa Yanti]]>;
<![CDATA[Irnawati Irnawati]]>;
<![CDATA[Fitri Handayani Hamid]]>;
<![CDATA[Muhammad Jahiding]]>
<![CDATA[ Molekul Vol 18 No 1 (2023) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Jenderal Soedirman ]]>
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DOI: 10.20884/1.jm.2023.18.1.6864
<![CDATA[Long-term accumulation of pesticides in the environment to human and animal health. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) biosensors with highly sensitive potentiometer transducers based on the membranes of Ag, reduced graphene oxide (rGO), and chitosan (CS) has been successfully developed. The membrane was made with a composition of 0.5 mM AgNO3, 2.5 mg/mL rGO, and 2% (w/v) CS coated on the surface of the Au electrode. The composition of the membrane with three ratios, namely 1:1:2, 2:1:3, and 3:1:4. Then, membrane Ag/rGO/CS and the enzyme AChE were immobilized on the membrane surface. The prepared biosensor has excellent conductivity, catalytic activity, and biocompatibility attributed to the synergistic effect of Ag/rGO/CS and glutaraldehyde (GTA) as crosslinkers and providing a hydrophilic surface for AChE adhesion. The linear range in biosensors is 1 × 10-8 to 1 µg L-1 with a regression coefficient of 0.9803 for 1:1:2 membrane, 0.9836 for 2:1:3 membrane, and 0.9850 for 3:1:4 membrane. The LOD is about 1 × 10-7 µg L-1 for all membranes. In addition, the biosensor showed good sensitivity, acceptable reproducibility, and stability, having an RSD of less than 5%. This biosensor makes it possible to provide a new and promising tool for analyzing pesticides, especially organophosphates.]]>
<![CDATA[Does Divacancy Defect Combine with N,S-Codoping Enhance the Electronic Properties of Graphene to Its Interaction with K+ Ion? ]]>
<![CDATA[ Molekul Vol 18 No 1 (2023) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Jenderal Soedirman ]]>
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DOI: 10.20884/1.jm.2023.18.1.7077
<![CDATA[Defects in graphene alter its structure, electrical characteristics, and interaction with K+ ions. The related characteristics of divacancy defect graphene and N, S codoped divacancy graphene were effectively explored using the DFTB technique. Divacancy is essential for the band gap opening. The dopants considerably enhance the density of state (DOS) intensity and alter the graphene-character bands. The depletion of density caused by the dopant is seen on the charge density isosurface. Because the charge of the K+ ion is balanced by the dopant, the ion prefers to be adsorbed on divacancy graphene with dopants.]]>
<![CDATA[Virtual Screening of Natural Compounds Against Six Protein Receptors Coded by The SARS-CoV-2 Genome ]]>
<![CDATA[Fikry Awaluddin]]>;
<![CDATA[Irmanida Batubara]]>;
<![CDATA[Setyanto Tri Wahyudi]]>
<![CDATA[ Molekul Vol 18 No 1 (2023) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Jenderal Soedirman ]]>
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DOI: 10.20884/1.jm.2023.18.1.7884
<![CDATA[Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the virus that causes Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19). To date, there has been no proven effective drug for the treatment or prevention of COVID-19. A study on developing inhibitors for this virus is carried out using molecular docking simulation methods. 3CL-Pro, PL-Pro, Helicase, N, E, and M protein were used as protein targets. Autodock Vina, Autodock 4.2, and PSOVina were used in this study. This study aims to obtain a model of ligands interactions of active natural compounds against the receptor protein encoded by the SARS-CoV-2 genome and their free binding energy to propose active compounds from natural products that have potential as a drug for COVID-19. Corilagin (-14,42 kcal/mol), Scutellarein 7-rutinoside (-13,2 kcal/mol), Genistein 7-O-glucuronide (-10,52 kcal/mol), Biflavonoid-flavone base + 3O (-11,88 and -9,61 kcal/mol), and Enoxolone (-6,96 kcal/mol) has the best free energy value at each protein target indicating that the compound has the potential as a viral protein inhibitor for further investigation. This research is limited to computer simulations, where the results obtained are still a prediction.]]>
<![CDATA[Photodegradation and Photoelectrodegradation of Methyl Orange and Methyl Violet Dyes using Graphite/PbTiO3 Composite under Visible Light Irradiation ]]>
<![CDATA[ Molekul Vol 18 No 1 (2023) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Jenderal Soedirman ]]>
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DOI: 10.20884/1.jm.2023.18.1.8123
<![CDATA[The composite of Graphite/PbTiO3 has been synthesized for photocatalyst and photo-electrocatalyst of Methyl Orange (MO) and Methyl Violet (MV) degradation using a visible light source. The aims of the research were to study the influence of pH of the solution, iradiation time and kinetics study of MO and MV photodegradation, voltage of photoelectrodegradation of MO and MV. Composite of Graphite/PbTiO3 was synthesized by the sol-gel process with Titanium Tetraisopropoxide (TTIP) solution and Pb(NO3)2 powder as the precursors. Graphite/PbTiO3 composite was characterized using X-ray difractometer and FTIR spectrometer. The diffractogram of Graphite/PbTiO3 composite showed peaks at 2θ = 26.507o as a characteristic diffraction of Graphite, and at 2θ = 31.838o and 39.294o as those of PbTiO3. FTIR spectrum of Graphite/PbTiO3 composite exhibits vibration peaks of TiO2 at 609.5 – 420.5 cm-1 and those of Pb-O at 1337.66 cm-1 until 1395.56 cm-1. The photodegradation results showed that Graphite/PbTiO3 composite can degrade MO and MV optimally at a pH = 3. The photodegradation levels of MO and MV were 90.33% and 88.26% for 30 min of visible light radiation, respectively. The photodegradation of MO and MV were following the first-order reaction with a reaction rate constant of 0.4445 min-1 and 0.4244 min-1, respectively. Meanwhile, the photoelectrodegradation of MO was 96.50% at 10 volts and at pH 11, while the photoelectrodegradation of MV was 95.14% at 10 volts and at pH 7. When compared previous research, this result also shows excellent degradation MO and MV using Graphite/PbTiO3 under visible light irradiation. So that the use of visible lights provides an advantage over the use of UV light.]]>
