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Patricia Wulandari
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Scientific Journal of Pediatrics
Published by Phlox Institute: Indonesian Medical Research Organization
ISSN : 30256224     EISSN : 30256224     DOI : https://doi.org/10.59345/sjped
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health
Focus Scientific Journal of Pediatrics (SJPed) focused on the development of medical sciences especially pediatrics and child health for human well-being. Scope Scientific Journal of Pediatrics (SJPed) publishes articles which encompass all aspects of basic research/clinical studies related to the field of pediatrics and allied science fields, especially all type of original articles, case reports, review articles, narrative review, meta-analysis, systematic review, mini-reviews and book review.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Pediatrics, Perinatology, and Child Health
Articles 30 Documents
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Changes in Sexual Maturity (Puberty): A Narrative Literature Review Ayu, Rizki
Scientific Journal of Pediatrics Vol. 1 No. 1 (2023): Scientific Journal of Pediatrics
Publisher : Phlox Institute: Indonesian Medical Research Organization

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59345/sjped.v1i1.197

Abstract

The process of sexual maturation, or puberty, is marked by the development of secondary sexual characteristics, rapid body growth, and, ultimately, the ability to reproduce. Various congenital and endocrine disorders can interfere with the timing of sexual maturation, causing delayed puberty or precocious puberty. This literature review aimed to describe puberty and its disorders and influencing factors. The age of puberty is multifactorial, involving genetic and environmental components. Delayed puberty is a physiological (constitutional) delay in which hormonal levels are normal, and the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis is intact, but maturation occurs slowly. Precocious puberty can be partial, complete, or mixed type and can be further categorized into central (GnRH dependent) and peripheral (GnRH dependent). In conclusion, congenital and endocrine disorders can interfere with the timing of sexual maturation, causing delayed puberty or precocious puberty.
Overview of Clinical Symptoms of Pediatric Patients Infected with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) at Dr. M. Djamil General Hospital, Padang, Indonesia Bari, Akhirul
Scientific Journal of Pediatrics Vol. 1 No. 1 (2023): Scientific Journal of Pediatrics
Publisher : Phlox Institute: Indonesian Medical Research Organization

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59345/sjped.v1i1.198

Abstract

Introduction: COVID-19 is a disease caused by infection with a new coronavirus with the name SARS-CoV-2 and can be transmitted between humans. Transmission of COVID-19 occurs through droplets produced by infected people. Indonesia is a country affected by COVID-19, with cases reaching 2,203,108 cases. The number of cases in Indonesia also includes COVID-19 infections in children. This study aimed to present an overview of the clinical symptoms of pediatric patients infected with coronavirus disease 2019 at Dr. M. Djamil General Hospital, Padang, Indonesia. Methods: This study is a descriptive observational study. A total of 50 research subjects participated in this study. Observations of sociodemographic data and observations of clinical data were carried out in this study. Univariate data analysis was performed to present the distribution of frequencies and percentages of each variable. Results: The majority of clinical symptoms of pediatric COVID-19 patients are fever. Apart from fever symptoms, the majority of clinical symptoms of child COVID-19 patients have symptoms of runny nose, shortness of breath, nausea and vomiting, and diarrhea. Conclusion: Fever is a clinical symptom of the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) infection in children at Dr. M. Djamil Hospital, Padang, Indonesia.
Overview of Hirschsprung Disease: A Narrative Literature Review Lampus, Harsani
Scientific Journal of Pediatrics Vol. 1 No. 1 (2023): Scientific Journal of Pediatrics
Publisher : Phlox Institute: Indonesian Medical Research Organization

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59345/sjped.v1i1.199

Abstract

Hirschsprung disease is a congenital malformation resulting from the failure of neural crest cells to migrate into the gastrointestinal tract. The exact cause of this disorder is unknown, but it is suspected that there is an interaction of several factors, including gene mutations and epigenetic mechanisms. This literature review aimed to describe the pathophysiology, clinical symptoms, and treatment of Hirschprung disease. Mild to severe constipation is a common manifestation of Hirschsprung's disease with poor diet, poor weight gain, and progressive abdominal distention. However, diarrhea may be the first sign, as only water can flow around the affected stool. The most serious complication in the neonatal period is Hirschsprung-associated enterocolitis (HAEC), which can occur both preoperatively and postoperatively. Surgery is the definitive treatment in all cases of Hirschsprung's disease, with resection of the aganglionic segment and anastomosis of the bowel proximal to the anus, known as a pull-through procedure. In conclusion, Hirschsprung disease is a congenital aganglionic megacolon or functional obstruction of the large intestine and is caused by multifactorial factors, especially the role of genetic aspects.
Assessing the Influence of Cultural Beliefs and Practices on Early Breastfeeding Initiation Rates in Rural Sarawak Communities, Malaysia Nazli Ibrahim
Scientific Journal of Pediatrics Vol. 2 No. 1 (2024): Scientific Journal of Pediatrics
Publisher : Phlox Institute: Indonesian Medical Research Organization

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59345/sjped.v2i1.201

Abstract

Introduction: Early initiation of breastfeeding is crucial for infant health and survival. However, breastfeeding initiation rates remain suboptimal in rural Sarawak, Malaysia. This study aimed to assess the influence of cultural beliefs and practices on early breastfeeding initiation rates in these communities. Methods: A mixed-methods study was conducted in two rural districts of Sarawak. Quantitative data were collected through a cross-sectional survey of 385 mothers with infants aged 0-6 months. Qualitative data were collected through in-depth interviews with 20 mothers and 10 healthcare providers. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, logistic regression, and thematic analysis. Results: Early breastfeeding initiation rates were 62.1%. Factors associated with early initiationincluded higher maternal education (OR=2.34, 95% CI: 1.12-4.89), positive attitudes towards breastfeeding (OR=3.18, 95% CI: 1.56-6.47), and support from healthcare providers (OR=2.87, 95% CI: 1.38- 5.96). Cultural beliefs and practices, such as colostrum avoidance and delayed breastfeeding due to traditional rituals, were identified as barriers to early initiation. Conclusion: Cultural beliefs and practices significantly influence early breastfeeding initiation rates in rural Sarawak. Interventions to promote early initiation should address these cultural factors and provide targeted support to mothers.
Impact of Improved Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene (WASH) Practices on Rotavirus Infection Rates in Urban Slums of Nairobi, Kenya Hassen, Andrew; Sheyla Jackson
Scientific Journal of Pediatrics Vol. 2 No. 1 (2024): Scientific Journal of Pediatrics
Publisher : Phlox Institute: Indonesian Medical Research Organization

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59345/sjped.v2i1.202

Abstract

Introduction: Rotavirus is a leading cause of severe diarrhea in children under five years old, particularly in low-income settings with inadequate water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) infrastructure. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of an integrated WASH intervention program on rotavirus infection rates among children residing in the urban slums of Nairobi, Kenya. Methods: A cluster-randomized controlled trial was conducted in two informal settlements in Nairobi. Households in theintervention arm received a comprehensive WASH intervention package, including household water treatment, improved sanitation facilities, handwashing promotion, and health education. The control arm received routine health services. Stool samples were collected from children under five at baseline and after 12 months of intervention implementation, and tested for rotavirus using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: A total of 855 children (428 in the intervention arm and 427 in the control arm) were enrolled in the study. At baseline, the prevalence of rotavirus infection was 18.2% in the intervention arm and 19.4% in the control arm.After 12 months, the prevalence significantly decreased to 8.9% in the intervention arm, while remaining relatively stable at 17.1% in the control arm. Multivariable analysis revealed that the WASH intervention was independently associated with a reduced risk of rotavirus infection (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.47, 95% CI 0.31-0.72). Conclusion: This study provides evidence that a comprehensive WASH intervention program can significantly reduce rotavirus infection rates among children in urban slums. These findings underscore the importance of integrating WASH interventions into public health strategies for diarrheal disease prevention in resource-limited settings.
Effectiveness of Storytelling Versus Lecture Methods on Oral Health Knowledge in Children Aged 7–8 Years: A Quasi-Experimental Study Suci Rahmasari; Yona Ladyventini; Rahmi Khairan
Scientific Journal of Pediatrics Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025): Scientific Journal of Pediatrics
Publisher : Phlox Institute: Indonesian Medical Research Organization

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59345/sjped.v3i2.251

Abstract

Introduction: Dental caries remains the most prevalent chronic disease in children worldwide, disproportionately affecting school-age populations in low- and middle-income countries. This quasi-experimental study evaluated the effectiveness of storytelling versus traditional lecture methods in improving oral health knowledge among children aged 7–8 years (mean age 7.4 ± 0.5 years) in Padang, Indonesia. Methods: A total of 110 children were enrolled and assigned to storytelling (n=55) and lecture (n=55) groups, with 108 children (54 per group) completing the study. Pre-test and post-test knowledge assessments were conducted using a validated 15-item questionnaire (Content Validity Index = 0.87, Cronbach’s α = 0.73). Results: The storytelling group demonstrated a significant mean score increase of +1.28 points (95% CI: 0.97–1.59, p < 0.001, Cohen’s d = 1.12), while the lecture group showed a non-significant gain of +0.35 points (95% CI: -0.13 to 0.83, p = 0.152, Cohen’s d = 0.22). Post-intervention, 83.3% of the storytelling group achieved “good” knowledge levels compared to 51.9% in the lecture group (OR = 4.66, 95% CI: 1.88–11.54, p < 0.001; NNT = 3.2). Children with lower baseline knowledge benefited most from storytelling (r = 0.51, p < 0.010). Children perceived storytelling as more enjoyable (92.6% vs 51.9%), easier to understand (88.9% vs 59.3%), and more motivating for oral hygiene practice (81.5% vs 50.0%). Conclusion: Storytelling was significantly more effective than lectures in enhancing oral health knowledge, particularly among children with limited baseline understanding, supporting its implementation as a school-based oral health promotion strategy.
Prostaglandin E1 Dose and Duration as Determinants of Adverse Outcomes in Neonates with Duct-Dependent Congenital Heart Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Dina Luthfiyah; Muhammad Ali Shodikin; Sri Lilijanti Widjaja
Scientific Journal of Pediatrics Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025): Scientific Journal of Pediatrics
Publisher : Phlox Institute: Indonesian Medical Research Organization

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59345/sjped.v3i2.261

Abstract

Introduction: Prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) infusion remains the cornerstone of medical stabilisation in neonates with duct-dependent critical congenital heart disease (DD-CCHD), yet contemporary guidance on optimal dose and duration is not informed by quantitative synthesis of recent evidence. Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted in accordance with the PRISMA 2020 and MOOSE statements. PubMed/MEDLINE, ScienceDirect, OpenAlex and Europe PMC were searched (1st January 2014 – 30th April 2026) for original observational studies reporting PGE1 dose and/or duration with at least one adverse outcome in neonates (≤28 days) with DD-CCHD. The Newcastle–Ottawa Scale (NOS) and GRADE were applied. The primary outcome was the pooled prevalence of any PGE1-related adverse event using the Freeman–Tukey arcsine transformation under a DerSimonian–Laird random-effects model with the Hartung–Knapp–Sidik–Jonkman variance adjustment. The secondary, hypothesis-generating outcome was the pooled standardised mean difference (Hedges g) between higher- and lower-dose strata via the Chinn conversion. Heterogeneity, leave-one-out sensitivity, prespecified subgroup analyses, meta-regression and Egger regression were performed. Results: Ten observational studies enrolling 1,060 neonates were included. The pooled prevalence of any PGE1-related adverse event was 0.617 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.509–0.724; I² = 87.6%). The secondary pooled Hedges g was 0.085 (95% CI −1.93 to 2.10), reflecting directional heterogeneity. Apnoea ranged from 9% to 52%, with a clear dose-related signal in two studies (relative risk approximately 1.97, p = 0.037; relative risk approximately 0.44, p = 0.015). Egger's intercept was 0.58 (p = 0.81), indicating no asymmetry. Meta-regression on median initial dose suggested dose-related apnoea risk. Conclusion: In neonates with DD-CCHD, approximately 62% experienced at least one PGE1-related adverse event. Initiation at 0.005–0.010 µg/kg/min should be regarded as the contemporary clinical default, with structured surveillance for apnoea and fever within 48 hours, gastrointestinal intolerance after 7–10 days and skeletal toxicity after 28 days.
Family Support Domains and Quality of Social Interaction in School-Aged Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Cross-Sectional Study in Palembang, Indonesia Ahmad Fadhil Kurnia; Trisnawati; Yuni Fitrianti; Hazian Hamzah
Scientific Journal of Pediatrics Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025): Scientific Journal of Pediatrics
Publisher : Phlox Institute: Indonesian Medical Research Organization

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59345/sjped.v3i2.268

Abstract

Introduction: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) affects approximately one in 100 children worldwide, and family support is a modifiable determinant of pediatric social functioning, yet the contribution of distinct family-support domains to social-interaction quality remains poorly characterized in Indonesian children. We quantified the association between five Friedman-framework family-support domains (emotional, informational, reward, instrumental, social/network) and social-interaction quality. Methods: In a cross-sectional analytical study at Sekolah Luar Biasa Negeri Pembina Palembang during November–December 2024, 36 of 40 eligible caregivers of children with ASD aged 7–12 years (mean 9.9 years, 91.7% male) completed Friedman's family-support inventory and the Indonesian Autism Social Skills Profile (ASSP). Spearman correlations with Fisher-z-derived confidence intervals, multivariable logistic regression, receiver-operating-characteristic (ROC) discriminative-performance analysis, and pre-specified subgroup analyses were performed. Results: Social interaction was moderate in 58.3%, low in 25.0%, and high in 16.7%. Network/social support showed the strongest correlation with ASSP score (ρ = 0.654, 95% CI 0.413–0.808, p < 0.001), and in multivariable regression remained the only independent predictor of non-low quality (adjusted OR 6.42, 95% CI 1.48–27.83, p = 0.013; Nagelkerke R² = 0.547). The composite family-support score discriminated low from non-low quality with AUC = 0.832 (95% CI 0.701–0.963; Youden cut-off ≈ 85, sensitivity 0.78, specificity 0.81). Conclusion: Network/social support is the predominant family-support component shaping social-interaction quality in Indonesian children with ASD, supporting pediatric primary-care screening focused on caregiver social connectedness.
Diagnostic Accuracy of the LittlEARS Auditory Questionnaire Against Auditory Steady-State Response for Detecting Hearing Loss in Infants Aged 6–24 Months Pande Agus Parta Prananda; I Made Wiranadha; Ni Luh Sartika Sari; I Dewa Arta Eka Putra; I Gde Ardika Nuaba; I Wayan Sucipta
Scientific Journal of Pediatrics Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025): Scientific Journal of Pediatrics
Publisher : Phlox Institute: Indonesian Medical Research Organization

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59345/sjped.v3i2.269

Abstract

Introduction: Hearing loss is among the most common congenital conditions in childhood, yet most affected infants in Indonesia are identified late because objective audiometry is centralized and preverbal infants show few overt signs. This study aimed to determine the diagnostic accuracy of the parent-completed LittlEARS Auditory Questionnaire against the auditory steady-state response (ASSR) for detecting hearing loss in infants aged 6–24 months. Methods: In this single-center, cross-sectional diagnostic-accuracy study, 28 children aged 6–24 months (median 9.0 months; 71.4% male) attending a tertiary otorhinolaryngology clinic were enrolled by consecutive sampling. Parents independently completed the Indonesian LittlEARS, and each child underwent ASSR as the reference standard (hearing loss >25 dB HL across 0.5–4 kHz). Diagnostic indices were computed with Wilson 95% confidence intervals (CI); agreement, likelihood ratios, receiver-operating-characteristic analysis, and Firth penalized logistic regression were performed. Results: ASSR confirmed hearing loss in 19 children (67.9%), of whom 18 had bilateral loss. Referenced to ASSR, LittlEARS yielded a sensitivity of 89.47% (95% CI 68.6–97.1), specificity 77.78% (95% CI 45.3–93.7), positive predictive value 89.47%, negative predictive value 77.78%, and accuracy 85.71% (95% CI 68.5–94.3). Agreement was substantial (Cohen kappa 0.673), the positive likelihood ratio 4.03 and negative likelihood ratio 0.14, and the area under the curve 0.836 (95% CI 0.688–0.985). A suspected-hearing-loss result independently predicted ASSR-confirmed loss (adjusted odds ratio 13.98, 95% CI 1.68–116.25; p=0.015; Nagelkerke R2=0.469). Conclusion: The LittlEARS questionnaire is an accurate, low-cost screening adjunct for early childhood hearing loss but, given moderate specificity, a positive screen should be confirmed by objective audiometry.
Maternal and Perinatal Determinants of Neonatal Sepsis in Asia: An Exploratory Meta-Analysis I Kadek Putra Dwipayana; Romy Windiyanto
Scientific Journal of Pediatrics Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025): Scientific Journal of Pediatrics
Publisher : Phlox Institute: Indonesian Medical Research Organization

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59345/sjped.v3i2.270

Abstract

Introduction: Neonatal sepsis is a leading cause of newborn death in Asia, but the pooled evidence on its maternal and perinatal determinants is dominated by African cohorts. This study synthesised Asian observational evidence on these determinants. Methods: PubMed/MEDLINE was searched for case-control, cohort, and cross-sectional studies reporting odds ratios for maternal or perinatal determinants of clinically or culture-diagnosed neonatal sepsis in Asian populations. Ten studies from six countries were included. Because the outcome was dichotomous, effects were pooled as odds ratios using a DerSimonian-Laird random-effects model; risk of bias was appraised with ROBINS-I. Results: Premature rupture of membranes (odds ratio 2.47, 95% CI 1.63-3.73; I-squared 0%) and maternal urinary tract infection (odds ratio 4.33, 95% CI 2.38-7.86; I-squared 5%) were significantly and consistently associated with neonatal sepsis. Maternal or intrapartum fever (odds ratio 1.98, 95% CI 0.75-5.24) and caesarean delivery (odds ratio 1.44, 95% CI 0.74-2.83) were not significant and were heterogeneous. The direction of every pooled effect matched an independent Ethiopian meta-analysis. Conclusion: In Asian settings, premature rupture of membranes and maternal urinary tract infection were the most credible and consistent maternal determinants of neonatal sepsis, supporting antenatal screening and timely intrapartum management.

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