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Magna Neurologica
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 29636027     EISSN : 29853729     DOI : https://doi.org/10.20961/magnaneurologica.v1i2.647
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Public Health
Magna Neurologica is a peer-reviewed and open access journal that focuses on promoting neurological sciences generated from basic neurosciences and clinical neurology. This journal publishes original articles, reviews, and also interesting case reports. Brief communications containing short features of medicine, latest developments in diagnostic procedures of neurology disease, treatment, or other health issues related to neurology that is important also acceptable. Letters and commentaries of our published articles are welcomed.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Neurologi Klinis
Articles 8 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol. 2 No. 2 (2024): July" : 8 Documents clear
Acquired Ptosis in Patient with Suspect Meningiomatosis Fahmi, Moch.; Widhianingsih, Nella Lusti
Magna Neurologica Vol. 2 No. 2 (2024): July
Publisher : Department of Neurology Faculty of Medicine Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/magnaneurologica.v2i2.893

Abstract

Background: Ptosis is abnormally low positioned upper eyelid. It can be classified as congenital and acquired. Meningiomas are mostly benign tumors originating from meningothelial (arachnoid) cells (MECs). A subset of meningioma patients bears two or more spatially separated synchronous or metachronous tumors termed “Multiple Meningiomas” (MM) or meningiomatosis. Case: A 51-year-old female complained the dizziness was associated with nausea and emetic episodes. She reported any blurred vision and woke up with the dropped eyelid. Prior to this she had double vision and light headedness that she had 3 months before. The ophthalmic examination presented partial left ptosis and the patient's left eye was shifted towards the lateral edge at rest. CT scan with contrast presented multiple solid masses, extra axial, homogeneous, strong contrast enhancement with calvaria hyperostosis and perifocal edema in the left frontal region and left temporoparietal region. Discussion: Ptosis in the left eye and exotropia is consistent with a left oculomotor nerve palsy. CT scan with contrast confirmed multiple solid masses leaning towards meningiomatosis. In this case, patient-acquired ptosis could be caused by direct oculomotor compression of the frontal lobe tumor, the tumor site being close to the superior orbital fissure. Conclusion: Stemming from third cranial nerve dysfunction, multiple solid masses in the left frontal region indicate meningiomatosis. Acquired ptosis may result from direct compression of the oculomotor nerve by the frontal lobe tumor. While surgery is the primary treatment for meningiomas, corticosteroids may be considered in acute conditions to alleviate perifocal edema.
A 21-Years-Old Man with Mesial Temporal Lobe Epilepsy and Dystonia: A Rare Case Report Putri, Puspita Sari Sugiyarto; Mirawati, Diah Kurnia; Hutabarat, Ervina Arta Jayanti
Magna Neurologica Vol. 2 No. 2 (2024): July
Publisher : Department of Neurology Faculty of Medicine Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/magnaneurologica.v2i2.934

Abstract

Background: Mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) with dystonia is a rare case. Seizures and movement disorders have almost the same phenomenology, so it is often difficult to distinguish them. In this study, we report a unique case of MTLE and co-occurring dystonia. Case: A 21 years old male with complaints of seizures since 4 years ago. Seizures of one body jerking and drooling with a duration of less than 5 minutes. Prior to the seizure the patient was nauseous then vomited and followed by an empty mind, after the seizure the patient was confused. The patient also complained of unconscious movements in his right hand since 8 years ago. The movements disappeared when the patient slept. Physical examination revealed dystonic movement with a sensory trick on the right hand. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain with contrast showed bilateral hippocampal atrophy accompanied by left hippocampal sclerosis. Blood laboratory results, electroencephalography, and neurobehavior examination were within normal limits.. Discussion: MTLE can be caused by mutations in SCN1A, VPS13A, C90RF72, or TDP 43. Dystonia can be caused by mutations in SCN1A, TUBB4A, TOR1A, THAP1, or GNAL. SCN1A causes an increase in sodium influx, causing depolarization which causes clinical manifestations in the form of seizures and dystonia. For some disorders, although genetic causes have been identified, the molecular pathophysiology remains largely unknown, requiring further research. Conclusion: For some disorders, although genetic causes have been identified, the molecular pathophysiology remains largely unknown, requiring further research.
The Features of Comorbidity of Stroke in The Indonesian Population: Findings from The Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS-5) Muvida; Amar, Filzah
Magna Neurologica Vol. 2 No. 2 (2024): July
Publisher : Department of Neurology Faculty of Medicine Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/magnaneurologica.v2i2.948

Abstract

Background: Comorbidities are associated with a worse stroke prognosis and more challenging clinical management. However, population-based research related to stroke comorbidities in Indonesia is still limited. Objective: This study aims to evaluate the features of important comorbidities among stroke patients in the Indonesian population. Methods: The data was taken from the 2014–2015 Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS-5), which represents 83% of the Indonesian population. Data were analyzed by means of logistic regression models using statistical software for data science (STATA) 13. Results: There was a statistically significant relationship between stroke history and several comorbidities risk factors. The risk of stroke increases in individuals with hypertension (odds ratio (OR): 7.97, 95% confidence interval (CI): 5.19-12.26), diabetes (OR: 1.90, 95% CI: 1.14-3.15), heart disease (OR: 2.67, 95% CI: 1.47-4.85), and hyperlipidemia (OR: 3.68, 95% CI: 2.40-5.64). Of the 309 stroke patients, 41.9% had one comorbid condition; 24.1% had two; and 10.5% had three. Comorbidities increase with age, and 80.50% of stroke patients with comorbidities are aged 50 years or more. Conclusion: This study showed that the most common comorbidities in stroke patients in Indonesia are hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes.
The Relationship between Level of D-Dimer Serum with Mortality in Acute Stroke Patiens with COVID-19 Tarmidi, Moch Syahrial Pramudia; Bahrudin, Mochamad
Magna Neurologica Vol. 2 No. 2 (2024): July
Publisher : Department of Neurology Faculty of Medicine Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/magnaneurologica.v2i2.955

Abstract

Background: COVID-19 has significantly increased morbidity and mortality in Indonesia, particularly at Gambiran General Hospital in Kediri, East Java, following the WHO's pandemic declaration. The global incidence of acute stroke with COVID-19 is 1.4%, presenting varying clinical features from mild to severe outcomes, and even death. The identification of specific biomarkers, such as elevated D-dimer serum levels, is crucial for predicting severe complications in acute stroke patients with COVID-19. Objective: This study aimed to explore the correlation between elevated levels of mild, moderate, and severe D-dimer serum and mortality in acute stroke patients with COVID-19. Methods: Conducted as an observational analytical study using a cross-sectional approach, this research utilized secondary data from medical records at Kediri Gambiran General Hospital (March 2020 to June 2023). Inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied to hospitalized patients, categorized based on D-dimer levels: normal, mild, moderate, and severe. Statistical analyses, including the Spearman correlation test and Chi-square correlation test, were employed to assess the relationship between D-dimer levels and total mortality. Results: Among the 101 enrolled patients, 53 were male (52.48%), with 90 exhibiting elevated D-dimer levels. Out of these, 44 patients died. The Spearman correlation test showed a non-significant value of 0.069 (p>0.005). The Chi-square correlation test for mild, moderate, and severe D-dimer levels on total mortality also yielded a non-significant value of 0.878. Conclusion: This study found no significant relationship between elevated levels of mild, moderate, and severe D-dimer serum and mortality in acute stroke patients with COVID-19 at Gambiran General Hospital.
Pain Detect as A Tool for The Screening of Neuropathic Pain in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus Maulidia, Agnes Annurul; Kurniawati, Media Yuni; Then, Andreas Adiwinata
Magna Neurologica Vol. 2 No. 2 (2024): July
Publisher : Department of Neurology Faculty of Medicine Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/magnaneurologica.v2i2.957

Abstract

Background: Diabetic neuropathy (DN) is a prevalent long-term complication of diabetes mellitus (DM), affecting more than 50% of patients. In addition, several studies also showed that distal symmetric polyneuropathy (DSPN) accounts for 75% of all DN cases. To facilitate the treatment of DN, painDETECT questionnaire, a self-reported tool with 85% sensitivity and 80% specificity, has been recommended for detecting neuropathic component in pain. Objective: This study aimed to promptly diagnose DN using painDETECT questionnaire in DM patients. Methods: The study procedures were carried out using a descriptive, cross-sectional design with 67 DM patients from Cibabat Regional Hospital Department of Internal Medicine outpatient clinic through consecutive sampling in October–November 2022. Primary data were obtained using the adapted and validated Indonesian painDETECT questionnaire. Results: Among the 67 patients, 32.9% experienced neuropathic pain with a score of 19–38, indicating the involvement of >90% of neuropathic pain components. Sensory deficits, such as numbness, burning sensation, pins-and-needles, and allodynia, were observed in 86.3%, 90.1%, and 72.7% of patients with neuropathic pain, respectively. In addition, a total of 59.7% of participants (n=40) reported the presence of mild pain (NRS 3). Conclusion: Based on the results, the majority of patients had complaints of neuropathic or mild pain (40 subjects; 59.7%). Among the 22 patients experiencing neuropathic pain, 54.5% reported mild intensity.
Profile of HIV/AIDS Patients with Neurological Manifestations in The Tertiary Referral Hospital in Bali Suryapraba, Anak Agung Ayu; Vania, Aurelia; Sudewi, Anak Agung Raka; Sukmawati, Ni Made Dewi Dian; Susilawathi, Ni Made
Magna Neurologica Vol. 2 No. 2 (2024): July
Publisher : Department of Neurology Faculty of Medicine Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/magnaneurologica.v2i2.1097

Abstract

Background: Neurological manifestations in approximately half of Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (HIV/AIDS) patients are related to high morbidity and mortality worldwide. Therefore, there is a need for epidemiological data on HIV/AIDS patients with neurological manifestations in Bali, as an international tourism destination.  Objective: This study aimed to describe the clinical profile of neurological manifestations among patients with HIV/AIDS in the tertiary referral hospital for Bali and Nusa Tenggara region. Methods: A descriptive-retrospective study was conducted on HIV/AIDS patients presenting with neurological manifestations hospitalized in the Neurology Department of Prof. Dr. I.G.N.G Ngoerah Hospital Denpasar from January 2018 to December 2021. Results: Among the 227 subjects included in this study, the majority were male (69.9%) and HIV positive newly diagnosed (69.2%). Furthermore, out of 126 subjects who had CD4 data, the majority were with CD4 <200 cells/mm3 (85.7%) and 53.1% were <50 cells/mm3, with ages ranging from 18 to 67 years old, at a median of 36 years old. The most common neurological signs and symptoms found were paresis/paralysis (61.7%), headache (54.6%), decreased consciousness (52.9%), and cranial nerve palsy (52%). Cerebral toxoplasmosis (67.4%) and tuberculous meningoencephalitis (20.3%) were the prevalent opportunistic infections, while the mortality rate was 39.6% with sepsis as the major cause. Conclusions: Neurological manifestations are common initial symptoms in diagnosing HIV infection. Therefore, better awareness and earlier detection are required among people with risk factors of HIV transmission, particularly in groups of young and productive age with signs of immunocompromised condition as well as neurological manifestations.
Case Report: COVID-19 and Ischemic Stroke in A 16-Years-Old Patient Cynthia; Kumalawati, July
Magna Neurologica Vol. 2 No. 2 (2024): July
Publisher : Department of Neurology Faculty of Medicine Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/magnaneurologica.v2i2.1140

Abstract

Background: Recent reports show an increasing trend of ischemic stroke at a young age. Diseases associated with ischemic stroke at a young age, namely hereditary hypercoagulable conditions. Case: In this case a 16-year-old boy with clinical complaints of sudden weakness of the right hand and leg, numbness, loss of appetite, nausea and vomiting. Laboratory tests showed results of increased levels of hemoglobin, hematocrit, erythrocyte count, platelet count, leukocyte count and NLR. The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), calculated as a simple ratio between the neutrophil and lymphocyte counts measured in peripheral blood. CT scan examination showed acute infarction in the medial left temporal lobe and old infarction in the left frontal lobe (medial gyrus). Thoracic CT Scan examination showed the results of bilateral pneumonia suggestive of viral. The patient encountered COVID-19. The patient experienced cough and shortness of breath and showed abnormal ABG results, namely respiratory alkalosis, decreased oxygen saturation, fever, increased procalcitonin and increased cardiac markers. Discussion: This case report prompts discussions on various aspects of ischemic stroke in young patients, including the role of COVID-19, hypercoagulable states, hematological abnormalities, and diagnostic challenges, with implications for patient management and future research directions. Conclusion: SARS CoV-2 can affect the nervous system through several mechanisms that cause persistent infection, resulting in neurological diseases, including stroke. Young ischemic stroke is usually hypercoagulable and the most common cause is APS. In this patient, polycythemia was occured,that causes blood flow slows and oxygen supply to the brain is reduced. This can cause ischemic stroke.
Olfactory Neuroblastoma with Intracranial Extension Nurwahyu Putra Romadhani, Andry; Imanuddin, Iqbal; Tejomukti, Teddy; Watanabe, Yasuhiro; Murakami, Takenobu; Tajiri, Yuki
Magna Neurologica Vol. 2 No. 2 (2024): July
Publisher : Department of Neurology Faculty of Medicine Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/magnaneurologica.v2i2.1164

Abstract

Background: Olfactory Neuroblastoma (ONB), so called esthesioneuroblastoma, is a rare malignant tumor of the sinonasal tract. ONB represents 6.3% of all sinonasal tract malignancies, with a prevalence of 0.4 cases per million population. These tumors are slow-growing and there may be intracranial extension of the tumor. Nasal obstruction, anosmia, recurrent epistaxis and pain are typical early manifestations. Imaging studies are essential in determining tumor extension and surgical planning of ONB. Endonasal biopsy is required to confirm the diagnosis of ONB. The case provides a basis for discussion of ONB and highlights the possibility of extension of this tumor. Case: A 45-year-old male presented with a generalized clonic seizure, conjugate eye deviation, and pre-seizure headache. Post-seizure, the patient was unconscious and incontinent, later appearing conscious but confused. The patient had a history of seizures at home and in the ER, along with occasional headaches over the past year. The patient described nasal congestion, decreased smell, and recurrent nosebleeds, having undergone ethmoidectomy in 2020 for papilloma. Discussion: The patient experienced symptoms of seizures, headache, and nasal disturbances. Olfactory neuroblastoma (ONB) tumor was detected after comprehensive examination. Treatment involves multimodal therapy, including surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy, with prognosis depending on tumor stage and grade. Conclusion: Early diagnosis of ONB is necessary to prevent further tumor progression. Intracranial extension of the ONB should be carefully investigated. Imaging as well as histopathological and immunohistochemical examinations are very helpful in identifying the location, metastasis and degree of malignancy of the tumor.

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