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International Journal of Renewable Energy Development
Published by Center of Biomass and Renewable Energy
ISSN : 22524940     EISSN : 27164519     DOI : https://doi.org/10.61435/ijred.xxx.xxx
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Control & Systems Engineering Earth & Planetary Sciences Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering
The International Journal of Renewable Energy Development - (Int. J. Renew. Energy Dev.; p-ISSN: 2252-4940; e-ISSN:2716-4519) is an open access and peer-reviewed journal co-published by Center of Biomass and Renewable Energy (CBIORE) that aims to promote renewable energy researches and developments, and it provides a link between scientists, engineers, economist, societies and other practitioners. International Journal of Renewable Energy Development is currently being indexed in Scopus database and has a listing and ranking in the SJR (SCImago Journal and Country Rank), ESCI (Clarivate Analytics), CNKI Scholar as well as accredited in SINTA 1 (First grade category journal) by The Directorate General of Higher Education, The Ministry of Education, Culture, Research and Technology, The Republic of Indonesia under a decree No 200/M/KPT/2020. The scope of journal encompasses: Photovoltaic technology, Solar thermal applications, Biomass and Bioenergy, Wind energy technology, Material science and technology, Low energy architecture, Geothermal energy, Wave and tidal energy, Hydro power, Hydrogen production technology, Energy policy, Socio-economic on energy, Energy efficiency, planning and management, Life cycle assessment. The journal also welcomes papers on other related topics provided that such topics are within the context of the broader multi-disciplinary scope of developments of renewable energy.
Arjuna Subject : Energi (semua kategori) - Energi Terbarukan, Keberlanjutan dan Lingkungan
Articles 709 Documents
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CFD analysis of key factors impacting the aerodynamic performance of the S830 wind turbine airfoil Nhung, Le Thi Tuyet; Van Y, Nguyen; Cong Truong, Dinh; Dinh Quy, Vu
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 13, No 6 (2024): November 2024
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy (CBIORE)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61435/ijred.2024.60249

Abstract

The Global Wind Energy Council (GWEC) reported that in 2021, global wind capacity increased by 93.6 GW (+12%), reaching a total of 837 GW, most of which was contributed by wind turbines. Improving wind turbine performance primarily hinges on advancements in blade technology and airfoil design. This study examines the effect of profile thickness on the aerodynamic performance of the S830 airfoil at a Reynolds number of 25,148, as part of the NREL airfoil's aerodynamic performance research. However, the impacts of additional variables—such as angle of attack, Reynolds number, speed range, and particularly ice accretion—have not been thoroughly investigated. This study utilized a 2D CFD model provided by the commercial software ANSYS Fluent and FENSAP-ICE. The lift-to-drag ratio of the S830 wind turbine airfoil was examined, considering the effects of angle of attack, wind speed, Reynolds number, airfoil thickness, and ice accretion. Additionally, design-related solutions will be suggested. The research indicates that the optimal angle of attack increases the lift-to-drag ratio by approximately 250% compared to a zero angle of attack.  An increase in wind speed causes this coefficient to rise nonlinearly within the studied velocity range. The Reynolds number directly influences the optimal angle of attack. According to CFD results, the lift-to-drag ratio can be increased by 50% if the airfoil's thickness is reduced by 20% compared to the original profile. For the ice accretion simulation model, a case test of the NACA 0012 airfoil was conducted to verify the model's parameters. Subsequently, a survey of this phenomenon on the S830 airfoil revealed that the lift coefficient decreased by 5.25% after 90 minutes of ice accretion.
Effect of ultrasound-advanced oxidation processes for pretreatment of oil palm mesocarp fiber for cellulose extraction Anggoro, Didi Dwi; Prasetyaningrum, Aji; Udaibah, Wirda; Imtinan, Alifa Bakhitah; Nabilah, Farhanah; Le Monde, Brilliant Umara
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 13, No 3 (2024): May 2024
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy (CBIORE)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61435/ijred.2024.60027

Abstract

Palm mesocarp fiber, a by-product of the palm oil industry, holds significant potential as a cellulose source for biofuel, biopolymer, and biocomposite production. However, its utilization is hampered due to the presence of lignin, which covers the cellulose. The use of ozone promotes a high level of lignin degradation, making it efficient in breaking down lignin bonds in lignocellulose. However, the ozonation method has low ozone mass transfer. This deficiency can be overcome with ultrasonic waves because of the cavitation phenomenon that can expand the contact surface of ozone and lignocellulose. The ozonation-ultrasonic hybrid method is used to remove lignin. This research investigates the use of a hybrid ozonation-ultrasonic method with the effect of reaction time and pH under acidic conditions on the pretreatment of palm oil mesocarp fiber. This process was carried out at reaction times (70, 80, and 90 minutes) and solution pH (4, 5, and 6) with an ozone flow rate of 2 L min-1. The cellulose content was analyzed using the Chesson method. The results showed a decrease in lignin and an increase in cellulose, which was confirmed by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis shows a decrease in the lignin absorption peak at 1635 cm-1 and 1420 cm-1. XRD analysis showed an increase in crystallinity after pretreatment, with lignin degradation observed at 6.35%. SEM Morphological showed a more friable, stable, and porous surface after pretreatment, indicating the presence of perforations in the cell walls and the damage to the lignin structure. Therefore, this research succeeded in reducing the use of chemicals in the biomass waste delignification process. The ozonation-ultrasonic hybrid pretreatment process, which aims to degrade lignin in palm fiber biomass, shows promising results, producing high cellulose content in palm fiber by reducing the amount of chemicals as mostly used in conventional processes.
Quantification of household electricity consumption for supporting energy efficiency of urban metabolism: Material flow analysis Sharif Ali, Sharif Shofirun; Kasavan, Saraswathy; Razman, Muhammad Rizal; Awang, Azahan; Zarco-Periñán, Pedro J.
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 13, No 5 (2024): September 2024
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy (CBIORE)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61435/ijred.2024.60267

Abstract

Despite growing public, academic, and government awareness of the energy consumption issue, there is still little research on the scales and patterns of Household Electricity Consumption (HEC), particularly in developing countries such as Malaysia. Therefore, the present study examines the status of HEC using electricity consumption breakdowns, key performance indicators (KPIs) for electricity consumption and Material Flow Analysis (MFA) by showing potential electricity savings, cost savings, and emission reductions using 5-star energy efficiency appliances. This study used a face-to-face survey of 400 participants in Seremban, the capital city of Negeri Sembilan. The study found that the majority of respondents (49%) consumed about 300-600 kWh/month of electricity with an estimated cost of MYR231.80 per month. Additionally, the study found that households in flats recorded lower average electricity consumption (460.16 kWh/unit) than bungalow households (885.92 kWh/unit) due to respondents’ socio-economic status, the physical size of the houses and the number of appliances owned. The study also revealed that the average energy consumption was higher for refrigerators (9.6 kWh/day) and air conditioners (4.5 kWh/day) due to the use of large amounts of energy to maintain a steady temperature. The material flow analysis shows that energy savings were approximately 22.53%, potential cost savings were MYR12,676.15 per month, and the potential reduction emissions were about 100,759.92 kgCO2e for one month with using EEA compared to non-EEA. The present study empirically discussed the significance of HEC quantification and the opportunity for energy efficiency is critical as a solution for sustainable urban metabolism in a developing country.
An innovative air-cooling system for efficiency improvement of retrofitted rooftop photovoltaic module using cross-flow fan Mustafa, Rozita; Mohd Radzi, Mohd Amran Bin; Hizam, Hashim Bin; Che Soh, Azura
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 13, No 2 (2024): March 2024
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy (CBIORE)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61435/ijred.2024.60068

Abstract

This study presents an innovative air-cooling photovoltaic (PV)system using cross-flow fan with speed regulation to optimize performance of rooftop PVsystem in tropical climates like Malaysia. Air passed through the impeller enters perpendicularly to the motor shaft, deflected by the fan blades and evacuated, allowing the fan to operate at its most efficient operating point. The airflow provided within the rear of the PV modules and the roof surface blow out the trapped hot air. Changes in the  module temperature (Tcell) are detected and the fan speed are adjusted accordingly to the PWM. This method was tested for 12 hours continuously from 7:00 am on the existing PV system at German Malaysian Institute (GMI) Bangi. The highest Tcell achieved 72.88 °C and 55.75°C without and with air-cooling system with average power 210.22 W and 246.67 W per peak sun factor (PSF) respectively. There was a 17.34% increase in average power with a 13.18% in average net output power and achieved 6.68% energy efficiency using the proposed cooling system. Tcell increases more swiftly and reaches higher temperatures in the absence of a cooling system, whereas Tcell increases more slowly and at lower temperatures when a cooling system is present. The projected system's power rating was 6.48 W, which is 2.6% per PV module, and it really attained 6.32 W, which is 2.53% per PV module, while total energy consumption by the fan was 51.89 Wh per day, which is only 3.89% per PV module.
Application of day-ahead optimal scheduling model based on multi-energy micro-grids with uncertainty in wind and solar energy and energy storage station Zhang, Hongxin
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 13, No 5 (2024): September 2024
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy (CBIORE)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61435/ijred.2024.60218

Abstract

Multi-energy micro-grid has received widespread attention in the wave of continuous promotion and development of renewable energy. However, in the face of wind and solar uncertainty, its scheduling model needs to be further optimized. Therefore, a multi-energy micro-grid day-ahead optimal scheduling model was proposed to construct wind and solar uncertainty scenarios, and the application of energy storage station was considered. Multiple algorithms were introduced to propose the multi-energy micro-grid day-ahead optimal scheduling model. Finally, the research content was validated. The results confirmed that the wind and solar power output probability model could describe the characteristics of wind and solar power output at different periods. The generated scenes had a large number of wind speeds in the range of 1.5 m/s to 5 m/s, and the light intensity reached its peak at 14:00, which was consistent with the historical data of the research object. In addition, the total pre-scheduling cost of this optimized scheduling model within a day was 45.16×105 yuan, while the actual scheduling cost within a day was only 21.46×105 yuan. It saved costs by 41.65% and 44.95%, respectively, compared to the comparison algorithms. The research has driven innovation and optimization of the multi-energy micro-grid scheduling model. This provides a useful theoretical and practical basis for addressing the uncertainty of wind and solar energy and improving the economic efficiency of energy systems, which is crucial for the sustainable development of new energy.
Consideration of various configurations of SG6043-based rotor applied in small capacity horizontal axis wind turbine Dinh Van, Thin; Nguyen Huu, Duc; Le Quang, Sang
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 13, No 3 (2024): May 2024
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy (CBIORE)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61435/ijred.2024.60036

Abstract

The SG6043 airfoil model is well known for its high aerodynamic efficiency and it is suitable for designing small wind turbine blades. This paper determined the optimal blade configurations using only the SG6043 airfoil model with ten different lengths from 1 m to 10 m. Then, it proposed the most suitable model for a rated wind speed of 5 m/s in Vietnam. The chord and twist values of each blade’s part were optimized by using the Betz optimization method (BOM) in the Qblade open software. Several important characteristic quantities such as lift coefficient (Cl), drag coefficient (Cd), power factor (Cp) and power (P) of the different blade configurations are determined by using a combination of both XFLR5 code and Qblade software. After that, parameters related to operation such as pitch angle and rotation speed of the rotor were also investigated to find the operating conditions for the best efficiency of wind energy exploitation. The obtained results show that the Cp of the blades has a maximum value of about 0.476 and the P has a value of up to 95.319 kW in operating conditions with a wind speed range between 1 m/s and 10 m/s. In addition, the ratios of power to blade surface area (P/S) and the ratios of power to blade volume (P/V) at the wind speed of 5 m/s were also investigated. The results show that rotors with blades ranging from 3 m to 5 m will give much higher P/S and P/V values than other blade configurations under these operating conditions. This emphasizes that these blade configurations will bring more economic benefit because they will consume less material and reduce production time while still ensuring the required capacity value. Finally, the 5 m blade rotor with a capacity of 2.750 kW at a rated wind speed of 5 m/s was proposed as the rotor suitable for individual household use. This design can help millions of Vietnamese households be proactive in their power source, thereby contributing to the significant reduction of CO2 emissions from coal-fired power plants.
Exploring the feasibility of dimethyl ether (DME) and LPG fuel blend for small diesel engine: A simulation perspective Nguyen, Thoai Anh; Pham, Thi Yen; Le, Huu Cuong; Nguyen, Van Giao; Nguyen, Lan Huong
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 13, No 3 (2024): May 2024
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy (CBIORE)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61435/ijred.2024.60250

Abstract

There is a looming global crisis owing to the increase in greenhouse gases and the escalating fossil fuel process.  The issue is further compounded by the ongoing conflicts in different places in the world. Hence, there is an urgent need for a bouquet of alternative fuels suitable to power the incumbent internal combustion engine. Among various options available Dimethyl Ether (DME) is a friendly environment fuel, easy to liquefy, and suitable for use in diesel engines, while Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) is another potential alternative fuel suitable for internal combustion engines. The present study is an endeavor to investigate the characteristics of a diesel engine powered with DME-diesel blends as pilot fuel while LPG was used as the main fuel.  During engine testing, different blends of diesel-DME were used containing 0%, 25%, 50%, and 75% DME. The AVL Boost software was employed for modeling the engine performance and tailpipe emission. The test fuel combination was successful in running the engine sans any abnormality in sound or performance. The results showed carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrocarbon (HC) emissions were reduced using the test fuel combination while there was a marginal increase in the oxides of nitrogen (NOx) levels. In general, the combination of DME and LPG could be considered as a potential and promising solution to reducing pollutant emissions.
Development of a 3D-printed spongy electrode design for microbial fuel cell (MFC) using gyroid lattice Pamintuan, Kristopher Ray Simbulan; Manga, Harold Octavo; Balmes, Aprilyn
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 13, No 3 (2024): May 2024
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy (CBIORE)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61435/ijred.2024.58120

Abstract

Microbial fuel cell technology addresses both issues in finding new ways to clean water systems while harnessing electricity. Several studies suggest that a single large-scale MFC is proven to be inefficient and expensive. Therefore, producing small-scale MFCs is focused on investigation to provide an efficient system and cost-effective approach. This study used 3D-printed MFCs using a spongy electrode design to produce a modern approach to modifying electrode capacity in energy generation. Furthermore, the study identifies the electrical conductivity of the spongy electrode by determining the voltage generated and power density by stacked MFCs in series, parallel, and hybrid configurations. The MFCs generate a maximum voltage of 633 mV and a current of 14.22 . One way to reduce the effects of voltage reversal in the MFC system is the application of hybrid connection circuits. Parallel-series hybrid connection possesses stable voltage generation of 250−300 ???????? with the highest current generation of 115.20 ????????. At the same time, the Series-Parallel Connection generates the highest voltage and current of 259 mV and 30 , respectively. The spongy electrode design and hybrid connection produced a maximum power and current density of 29.30 μW⁄m2 and 279.41 μA⁄m2 obtained from a different connection of pure parallel and 28P-2S hybrid connection. Furthermore, water quality parameters were examined (pH, TDS, ORP, and COD), that the MFCs design is efficient in wastewater treatment, with a %COD removal of 95.24% efficiency, reduced ORP from +48.00 mV to -7.00 mV, and the TDS concentration from 270 ppm to 239 ppm.
Effects of carbon nanotubes and carbon fibers on the properties of ultra-high performance concrete for offshore wind power generation Chen, Jing
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 13, No 4 (2024): July 2024
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy (CBIORE)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61435/ijred.2024.60135

Abstract

Ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC), as one of the most eye-catching building materials, has been the subject of extensive research by scholars. On this basis, to expand the application of UHPC for offshore wind turbine towers in complex marine environments, three different fiber materials - copper-plated microfibre steel fibers, carbon fibers, and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) - have been selected for the study of the possibilities of further improving the mechanical properties of UHPC. This study focused on understanding the impact of various fiber combinations and dosages on the flowability, compressive strength, flexural strength, and tensile strength of UHPC. Our findings indicate that carbon fiber, when present at a concentration of up to 0.5%, the effect on the fluidity of UHPC is only about 1.05%. However, the addition of CNTs significantly diminishes the flowability of UHPC, with a consistent decrease observed as the CNT content increases. Notably, when carbon fiber and CNTs are used in combination, the maximum reduction in flowability reaches 7.8%. Furthermore, as the dosage of these fibers increases, the compressive strength, flexural strength, and tensile strength of UHPC all demonstrate a positive trend of improvement. It is observed that the optimal performance is achieved when both carbon fiber and CNTs are present. In particular, carbon fiber exhibits a more profound impact on enhancing compressive strength and flexural strength, when carbon fibers were doped by volume at 0.5%, the compressive and flexural strengths were increased by 6.7% and 11.7%, respectively, compared to the control group, while carbon nanotubes increased the tensile strength by 7.4% at lower dosage. These findings highlight the potential of fiber combinations to optimize UHPC’s mechanical properties for various engineering applications..
Adaptive control of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles based on energy management strategy and dynamic programming algorithm Ge, Yuxin
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 13, No 6 (2024): November 2024
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy (CBIORE)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61435/ijred.2024.60463

Abstract

This study mainly analyses the fuel consumption of plug-in hybrid vehicles during operation. A new control method for automobiles based on energy management strategy and dynamic programming algorithm is proposed. The new method plans and analyses the minimum electricity consumption, and then uses dynamic programming algorithms to analyse this parameter. The research results indicated that the vehicle state was constantly changing with the variation of SOC value during driving. The energy mobilization of the vehicle was more obvious after adding dynamic programming strategy. The efficiency of the vehicle was relatively high in driving state 1, with a minimum value of 70%, which was about 20% higher than in driving state 4. The average fuel consumption in driving state 2 was 1.8L higher than in other driving states. The overall efficiency of automobiles after incorporating dynamic programming was improved, with a shorter time to reach the lowest efficiency point compared with not incorporating dynamic programming algorithms. The highest efficiency value was 7.86% higher than that of not incorporating dynamic programming models. The new control method can reduce energy consumption and improve the energy management and control effect. The study provides a better research direction for energy management and control of hybrid electric vehicles in the future.

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