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International Journal of Renewable Energy Development
Published by Center of Biomass and Renewable Energy
ISSN : 22524940     EISSN : 27164519     DOI : https://doi.org/10.61435/ijred.xxx.xxx
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Control & Systems Engineering Earth & Planetary Sciences Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering
The International Journal of Renewable Energy Development - (Int. J. Renew. Energy Dev.; p-ISSN: 2252-4940; e-ISSN:2716-4519) is an open access and peer-reviewed journal co-published by Center of Biomass and Renewable Energy (CBIORE) that aims to promote renewable energy researches and developments, and it provides a link between scientists, engineers, economist, societies and other practitioners. International Journal of Renewable Energy Development is currently being indexed in Scopus database and has a listing and ranking in the SJR (SCImago Journal and Country Rank), ESCI (Clarivate Analytics), CNKI Scholar as well as accredited in SINTA 1 (First grade category journal) by The Directorate General of Higher Education, The Ministry of Education, Culture, Research and Technology, The Republic of Indonesia under a decree No 200/M/KPT/2020. The scope of journal encompasses: Photovoltaic technology, Solar thermal applications, Biomass and Bioenergy, Wind energy technology, Material science and technology, Low energy architecture, Geothermal energy, Wave and tidal energy, Hydro power, Hydrogen production technology, Energy policy, Socio-economic on energy, Energy efficiency, planning and management, Life cycle assessment. The journal also welcomes papers on other related topics provided that such topics are within the context of the broader multi-disciplinary scope of developments of renewable energy.
Arjuna Subject : Energi (semua kategori) - Energi Terbarukan, Keberlanjutan dan Lingkungan
Articles 709 Documents
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Preparation of Anode Material for Lithium Battery from Activated Carbon Sumrit Mopoung; Russamee Sitthikhankaew; Nantikan Mingmoon
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 10, No 1 (2021): February 2021
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ijred.2021.32997

Abstract

This research study describes the preparation of corncob derivedactivated carbon to be used as anodematerial for the preparation of lithium ion battery.The corncob was activated at 900 °C for 3 hours with KOH used in a 1:3 weight ratio.The final product was analyzed for chemical, physical, and electrical properties.The results show that the activated carbon is amorphous and contains some graphitic carbon with interconnected nano-channels. Furthermore,carboxyl functional groups were detected on the surface of the activated carbon product.The observed morphological characteristics in terms of surface area, total pore volume, micropore volume, and average pore size are 1367.4501 m²/g, 0.478390 cm³/g, 0.270916 cm³/g, and 2.10872 nm, respectively.In addition, the product also exhibits low electrical resistance in the range 0.706W-1.071W.Finally, the specific discharge capacities at the 1st and the 2nd cycles of the corncob derived activated carbon anode material were 488.67mA h/g and 241.45 mA h/g, respectively with an average of about 225 Ah/kg between the 3rd cycle and the 5th cycle. The averagespecific charge capacities/specific discharge capacities at increasing charging rate of 0.2C, 0.5C, 1C, 2C, and 5C were approximated 190 mAh/g, 155 mAh/g, 135 mAh/g, 120 mAh/g, and 75 mAh/g, respectively, with 100%Coulombic efficiency in all 5 cycles.It was shown that the corncob derived activated carbon anode material has a relatively high rate capability, high reversibility, and rapid and stable capacity when compared to the general of biomass-derived carbon
Effect of the Dust on the Performance of Solar Water Collectors in Iraq Omer Khalil Ahmed
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 5, No 1 (2016): February 2016
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ijred.5.1.65-72

Abstract

There is little research about it in present literatures in Iraq. So the effect of dust accumulation on the performance of conventional of solar collectors is analyzed. The experimental study was carried out mainly on a flat solar collector, which comprised the major part of this work. According to the experimental results obtained, there is a limited decrease in the instantaneous efficiency which was 1.6 % for the dirty collector. At load condition, the outlet temperature reaches a maximum value of 43.85oC at 12 noon without dust on the front glass and 33.7 oC in the presence of the dust. The instantaneous efficiency reaches its maximum value of 49.74 % at 12 noon without dust and 48.94% with dust after that the efficiency was decreased. The variation of useful transferred energy closely follows the variation of solar intensity and reaches its maximum value of 690 W/m2 at 12 noon in the presence of the dust for this particular day. It is also observed that, at the second half of the day, there is a large decrease in the instantaneous efficiency resulting from a large reduction in the useful energy transferred. Therefore, for Iraqi places, daily cleaning of the glass covers is strictly recommended as part of the maintenance works but the equipment should be cleaned immediately after a dust storm to keep the collector efficient. Article History: Received August 16, 2015; Received in revised form Nov 17, 2015; Accepted Dec 19, 2015; Available onlineHow to Cite This Article: Ahmed, O.K (2016). Effect of the Dust on the Performance of Solar Water Collectors in Iraq. Int. Journal of Renewable Energy Development, 5(1), 65-72.http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/ijred.5.1.65-72 
Short Term Solar Irradiation Forecasting using CEEMDAN Decomposition Based BiLSTM Model Optimized by Genetic Algorithm Approach Anuj Gupta; Kapil Gupta; Sumit Saroha
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 11, No 3 (2022): August 2022
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ijred.2022.45314

Abstract

An accurate short-term solar irradiation forecasting is requiredregarding smart grid stability and to conduct bilateral contract negotiations between suppliers and customers. Traditional machine learning models are unable to acquire and to rectify nonlinear properties from solar datasets, which  not only complicate  model formation but also lower prediction accuracy. The present research paper develops a deep learningbased architecture with a predictive analytic technique to address these difficulties. Using a sophisticated signal decomposition technique, the original solar irradiation sequences are decomposed  into multiple intrinsic mode functions to build a prospective feature set. Then, using an iteration strategy, a potential range of frequency associated to the deep learning model is generated. This method is  developed utilizing a linked algorithm and a deep learning network. In comparison with conventional models, the suggested model utilizes sequences generated through preprocessing methods, significantly improving prediction accuracywhen  confronted with a high resolution dataset created from a big dataset.On the other hand, the chosen dataset not only performs a massive data reduction, but also improves forecasting accuracy by up to 20.74 percent across a range of evaluation measures. The proposed model achieves lowest annual average RMSE (1.45W/m2), MAPE (2.23%) and MAE (1.34W/m2) among the other developed models for 1-hr ahead solar GHI, respectively, whereas forecast-skill obtained by the proposed model is 59% with respect to benchmark model. As a result, the proposed method might be used to predict short-term solar irradiation with greater accuracy using a solar dataset
Co-firing of coal and woody biomass under conditions of reburning technology with natural gas Nihad Hodžić; Kenan Kadic
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 12, No 3 (2023): May 2023
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ijred.2023.50250

Abstract

It is a continuous imperative to establish the most efficient process of conversion of primary energy from fuel through combustion, which also has the least possible harmful effect on the environment. In this time of expressed demands for decarbonisation, it also means the affirmation of the use of renewable fuels and the indispensable application of appropriate primary measures in the combustion furnace. At the same time, the efficiency of the combustion process depends on several factors, from the type and properties of the fuel to the ambient and technological settings for the process. In this regard, with the aim of determining the static characteristics of combustion, experimental laboratory research was carried out on the combustion of mixtures of brown coal with low heating value and a high ash content with waste woody biomass and different process conditions: temperature, staged combustion air supply (air staging) and in conditions of application of a third or additional fuel (natural gas, reburning technology). Applied experimental methods included the analysis of the combustion process on the basis of input (reactants) - output (products), including the analysis of the composition of flue gases, i.e. the determination of the emission of the key components of flue gases CO2, CO, NOx and SO2, as well as the analysis of the composition of slag, ash and deposits ash, i.e. assessment and evaluation of the behaviour of ash from fuel in that process. Based on the obtained research results, this paper shows the significant positive effects of the application of primary measures in the furnace - compared to conventional combustion: air staging - reduction of net CO2 emissions during co-firing with biomass and reduction of NOx emissions by up to 30%; reburning technology - additional reduction of CO2 and NOx emissions in proportion to the share of natural gas, e.g. at a combustion process temperature of 1350 °C and at a 10% energy share of natural gas during the co-firing of a mixture of brown coal and waste woody biomass, compared to the emission without the use of natural gas, a reduction of NOx emissions by 185 mg/mn3 or by almost 30% was recorded. It was concluded, at the same time, the application of these primary measures in the furnace does not negatively affect the behaviour of ash from the fuel in the given settings of the combustion process.
Passive Design of Buildings for Extreme Weather Environment S.N. Al-Zubaidy; S. Tokbolat; R. Tokpatayeva
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 2, No 1 (2013): February 2013
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ijred.2.1.1-11

Abstract

Buildings account for nearly 40% of the end-use energy consumption and carbonemissions globally. Buildings, once built, are used at least for several decades. The building sectortherefore holds a significant responsibility for implementing strategies to increase energyefficiency and reduce carbon emissions and thus contribute to global efforts directed towardmitigating the adverse effects of climate change. The work presented in this paper is a part ofcontinuing efforts to identify, analyze and promote the design of low energy, sustainable buildingswith special reference to the Kazakhstan locality. Demonstration of improved environmentalconditions and impact on energy savings will be outlined through a case study incorporating apassive design approach and detailed computational fluid dynamics analysis for an existingbuilding complex. The influence of orientation and configuration is discussed with reference toenergy efficiency and associated wind comfort and safety. The effect of these aspects on energyconsumption and comfortable wind environment has been assessed using CFD analysis and provedto be affective. Single building and multiple building configurations have been analyzed andcompared. According to the findings, multiple building configurations have better wind conditionswhen compared with a single standing building. With respect to orientation the former one shouldbe modeled with the fully surrounded side of a “box” opposite to the predominant wind directionwhereas the latter one should be located with the rear side opposite to the wind direction. Thus,results indicated that there is a considerable influence of passive design and orientation on energyefficiency, wind comfort and safety. Careful consideration and application of the findings canpotentially lead to considerable decrease of energy consumption and, therefore, allow savingmoney and the environment at the same time.
Sustainable Green Charcoal Briquette from Food Waste via Microwave Pyrolysis Technique: Influence of Type and Concentration of Binders on Chemical and Physical Characteristics Siti Shawalliah Idris; Muhammad Izwadi Zailan; Nabihah Azron; Norazah Abd Rahman
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 10, No 3 (2021): August 2021
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ijred.2021.33101

Abstract

Turning the food waste into a fuel source such as charcoal briquette was one of the alternatives in managing the food wastes disposal. In this present work, food waste was converted into charcoal by microwave irradiation technique. Application of binders such as potato starch and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) at ratios of 5%,10% and 15% for briquetting purpose were investigated in terms of its chemical and physical characteristics. Result showed that the briquette formed using the starch as the binder performed better in combustion quality than that of carboxymethylcellulose (CMC). A good quality of charcoal briquette has capability to withstand impact during packaging, handling, and transportation. Standard physical characteristic that was tested for briquette includes moisture content, compressive strength, and impact resistance. Calorific value of briquette was studied to analyse energy content in the briquette. The study showed that food waste charcoal has calorific value comparable to that of the commercial charcoal. However, the addition of binders showed some reduction in the energy content, with more reduction when CMC is added. In terms of combustion characteristic, the addition of binders does not alter the combustion profile in comparison to the raw food waste charcoal’s profile. The ignition and burnout temperatures of the food waste charcoal briquette showed a better performance with and without binders as compared to the commercial charcoal.  In terms of physical characteristics, CMC has showed as an excellent binder with highest shatter index value. Overall, in terms of chemical properties, addition of 10% starch showed a better performance, while addition of 10% CMC showed a better performance in terms of physical characteristics. This finding is beneficial for briquette industry in the development of green product using biomass, but further research is essential before production of briquette take place.
Lake Michigan Wind Assessment Analysis, 2012 and 2013 Charles R Standridge; Daivd Zeitler; Aaron Clark; Tyson Spoolma; Erik Nordman; T. Arnold Boezaart; Jim Edmonson; Graham Howe; Guy Meadows; Aline Cotel; Frank Marsik
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 6, No 1 (2017): February 2017
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ijred.6.1.19-27

Abstract

A study was conducted to address the wind energy potential over Lake Michigan to support a commercial wind farm.  Lake Michigan is an inland sea in the upper mid-western United States.  A laser wind sensor mounted on a floating platform was located at the mid-lake plateau in 2012 and about 10.5 kilometers from the eastern shoreline near Muskegon Michigan in 2013.  Range gate heights for the laser wind sensor were centered at 75, 90, 105, 125, 150, and 175 meters.  Wind speed and direction were measured once each second and aggregated into 10 minute averages.  The two sample t-test and the paired-t method were used to perform the analysis.  Average wind speed stopped increasing between 105 m and 150 m depending on location.  Thus, the collected data is inconsistent with the idea that average wind speed increases with height. This result implies that measuring wind speed at wind turbine hub height is essential as opposed to using the wind energy power law to project the wind speed from lower heights.  Average speed at the mid-lake plateau is no more that 10% greater than at the location near Muskegon.  Thus, it may be possible to harvest much of the available wind energy at a lower height and closer to the shoreline than previously thought.  At both locations, the predominate wind direction is from the south-southwest.  The ability of the laser wind sensor to measure wind speed appears to be affected by a lack of particulate matter at greater heights.Article History: Received June 15th 2016; Received in revised form January 16th 2017; Accepted February 2nd 2017 Available onlineHow to Cite This Article: Standridge, C., Zeitler, D., Clark, A., Spoelma, T., Nordman, E., Boezaart, T.A., Edmonson, J.,  Howe, G., Meadows, G., Cotel, A. and Marsik, F. (2017) Lake Michigan Wind Assessment Analysis, 2012 and 2013. Int. Journal of Renewable Energy Development, 6(1), 19-27.http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/ijred.6.1.19-27
Numerical Study of Effect of Blade Twist Modifications on the Aerodynamic Performance of Wind Turbine Wiroj Beabpimai; Tawit Chitsomboon
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 8, No 3 (2019): October 2019
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ijred.8.3.285-292

Abstract

This paper aims to investigate aerodynamic performance of a wind turbine blade with twist modifications using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The phenomenon of 3D stall-delay effect in relation to blade twist is the key feature to be investigated in order to improve efficiency of a wind turbine. The NREL (National Renewable Energy Laboratory) Phase VI wind turbine rotor was used for validation and as the baseline rotor. The baseline blade geometry was modified by increasing/decreasing the twist angles in the inboard, mid-board and outboard regions of the blade in the form of a symmetrical curve with maximum twist angle of 3°. The steady incompressible Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations with the k-ω Shear Stress Transport (SST) turbulence closure model were used for the calculations at wind speeds ranging from 5-20 m/s. The computational results for the baseline Phase VI rotor were validated against experimental data and a good agreement was found. The computational results for the modified blades were compared against those of the baseline blade. It was found that increase of annual energy production of up to 5.1% could be achieved by this modification technique.  ©2019. CBIORE-IJRED. All rights reserved
Synthesis of Al-Y doped-lithium lanthanum zirconate and the effect of cold isostatic pressure to its electrical properties Fitria Rahmawati; Septia K Arifah; Yuniawan Hidayat
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 12, No 4 (2023): July 2023
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ijred.2023.53901

Abstract

This research aims to study the Al-Y dopant to Lithium Lanthanum Zirconate (LLZO) to the characteristics and electrical properties of the LLZO as solid electrolyte. The synthesis was conducted through solid state reaction with Al2O3 and Y2O3 as dopant precursors. X-ray diffraction analysis along with Le Bail refinement was done to understand their structure, and phase content inside. The result found that Al and Y doping increased the cubic phase from 49.58% to 84.91%. The Al-Y doped-LLZO (LLZAYO) powder was then treated by a various cold isostatic pressing, CIP of 0, 20, 30, and 40 MPa to understand the effect of cold isostatic pressure to the ionic conductivity and solid electrolyte performance of the material even without heat sintering treatment. The result found that the green pellet of LLZAYO) which was isostatically pressed by 40 MPa at room temperature provides (9.06 ±0.26) x10-6 Scm-1, about 8 times higher than the LLZO without doping, i.e., (1.25 ±0.01) x 10-6 Scm-1. All solid-state battery with the prepare LLZAYO CIP 40 as solid electrolyte shows reversible reaction of Li/Li+ redox accompanied with Al/Al3+ redox. The Al/Al3+ reaction seems to decrease the electronic resistance between LCO-LLZAYO CIP40-Li which causes the full cell performance to decrease. The initial specific charging capacity is 82 mAh/g, and the initial discharge was 83 mAh/g, confirming 101 % of Coulombic efficiency. The discharge capacity drops to 46 mAh/g at second cycle, leading to a decrease in Coulombic efficiency to 56 %.
Optimization of Concentration and EM4 Augmentation for Improving Bio-Gas Productivity from Jatropha curcas Linn Capsule Husk Praptiningsih G.A; Roy Hendroko; Satriyo K Wahono; Andi Sasmito; Leopold O. Nelwan; Anggi Nindita; Tony Liwang
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 3, No 1 (2014): February 2014
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ijred.3.1.73-78

Abstract

Most literature suggests that two-phase digestion is more efficient than single-phase. The series of two-phase digestion studies have been conducted from 2011 to 2013 at the research farm of PT Bumimas Ekapersada, West Java, Indonesia. This paper reports on a research on optimation of concentration and augmentation of EM-4 (effective microorganism-4), a local commercial decomposer, as efforts to stabilize a biogas technology which made from husk capsules of Jatropha curcas Linn (DH-JcL). The studies of increasing organic loading rate (OLR) for the two-phase digestion was conducted to improve efficiency.  The concentration variable studied was 1: 8 (1 part DH-JCL and 8 parts water), compared to 1: 12 as a control. The augmentation treatment is the addition of EM-4 by 5% (v/v). It was also examined the augmentation of F2-EM4 (150 times duplication of EM-4) due to cost consideration. The studies were conducted in the laboratory which using a liter and two liters of glass digester and glass wool as immobilized growth. The results of this study support the previous studies: the optimum concentration was 1: 8, EM-4 was able to increase biogas production in two-phase digestion, yet biogas production decrease at single-phase. F2-EM4’s ability to support production of biogas were equivalent to that of EM-4.

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