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<![CDATA[An Autonomous Mobile Robot Using Genetic Algorithm for Finding the Shortest Track ]]>
<![CDATA[Thiang, Thiang]]>;
<![CDATA[Ferdinando, Hany]]>;
<![CDATA[Kurniawan, Ronald]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Teknik Elektro Vol 1, No 2 (2001): SEPTEMBER 2001 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Research and Community Outreach ]]>
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DOI: 10.9744/jte.1.2.
<![CDATA[The paper describes an intelligent autonomous mobile robot that can find a shortest track by using a genetic algorithm %28GA%29. An 89C51 microcontroller system has been implemented to perform overall robot control including shortest track searching by using GA. An assembly code has been written for GA processes such as initial population generation%2C evaluation%2C selection and mutation. The GA chromosome is represented by a bit string. Combination between roulette wheel selection and top selection scheme are used in the system. The Mobile robot is assigned as a line tracker robot. An auxiliary PC software has been developed for process visualization and parameter transmission to the microcontroller. The experiment of the shortest track searching has been done and showed a reasonable good result. The GA process was well implemented on the microcontroller and the robot could find the shortest track from the given origin location to the target. Abstract in Bahasa Indonesia : Makalah ini menjelaskan robot mobil cerdas yang mampu mencari jalur terpendek dengan menggunakan algoritma genetika %28GA%29. Mikrokontroler 89C51 digunakan untuk mengontrol robot secara keseluruhan termasuk mencari jalur terpendek menggunakan GA. Beberapa prosedur untuk proses GA dalam bahasa assembly telah dikembangkan seperti membangkitkan populasi awal%2C evaluasi%2C seleksi dan mutasi. Kromosom GA direpresentasikan dalam bentuk bit string. Sistem ini menggunakan kombinasi dari seleksi roulette wheel dan seleksi top. Robot mobil didisain sebagai line tracking robot. Sebuah program PC bantuan dikembangkan untuk proses visualisasi dan transmisi parameter ke mikrokontroler. Percobaan untuk mencari jalur terpendek telah dilakukan dan memberikan hasil yang baik. Proses GA dapat diimlementasikan dengan baik pada mikrokontroler dan robot dapat mencari jalur terpendek dari titik asal menuju ke titik tujuan. Autonomous+mobile+robot%2C+genetic+algorithm%2C+microcontroller%2C+optimization]]>
<![CDATA[Alat Ukur Temperatur 5 Kanal Menggunakan Mikrokontroler 8031 ]]>
<![CDATA[Tenggara, Herlianto]]>;
<![CDATA[Kurniawan Susanto, Bayu]]>;
<![CDATA[Thiang, Thiang]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Teknik Elektro Vol 1, No 2 (2001): SEPTEMBER 2001 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Research and Community Outreach ]]>
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DOI: 10.9744/jte.1.2.
<![CDATA[This paper describes the designing of five channels instrument for temperature measurement. This instrument also has differential mode facility so the temperature difference between two points can be determined. This instrument was designed by using 8031 microcontroller for the temperature measurement processes. Generally%2C this instrument consists of two main parts. The first part is 8031microcontroller minimum system and the second one is sensor and transmitter circuit. This instrument uses LM35 temperature sensor and transmitter circuit is used to transmit the signal so the remote temperature measurement can be achieved. Experiment was done and the measurement data was recorded. The maximum error of temperature measurement that can be achieved is 1%B0C. The experiment was also done by using 30 meters transmitter cable and it show good result too. Abstract in Bahasa Indonesia : Pada makalah ini dijelaskan tentang perencanaan dan pembuatan alat ukur temperatur dengan fasilitas lima kanal. Alat ukur ini juga dilengkapi dengan fasilitas diferensial mode sehingga dapat mengetahui perbedaan suhu di dua tempat. Mikrokontroler 8031 digunakan sebagai alat bantu yang mengatur semua proses pengukuran temperatur. Secara umum%2C sistem ini terdiri atas dua bagian utama yaitu minimum sistem 8031 itu sendiri dan rangkaian sensor beserta rangkaian transmiternya. Sensor temperatur yang digunakan adalah LM35. Pada sistem ini dilengkapi rangkaian transmiter agar dapa digunakan untuk pengukuran temperatur jarak jauh. Pengujian sistem telah dilakukan dengan melakukan perekaman data pengukuran. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa kesalahan pengukuran temperatur yang paling besar adalah 1%B0C. Selain itu pengujian juga dilakukan dengan menggunakan kabel transmitter yang panjangnya 30 meter dan menghasilkan pengukuran yang sama.%0D%0A%0D%0A Temperature+Sensor%2C+Transmitter%2C+8031+Microcontroller]]>
<![CDATA[Application an Odour Recognition using Nearest Neighbour Algorithm ]]>
<![CDATA[Hannawati, Anies]]>;
<![CDATA[Lim, Resmana]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Teknik Elektro Vol 1, No 2 (2001): SEPTEMBER 2001 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Research and Community Outreach ]]>
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DOI: 10.9744/jte.1.2.
<![CDATA[This project was undertaken with the aim of developing control techniques and data processing methods to allow a relatively simple electronic nose developed for robotics applications to classify a wide range of odours. The electronic nose used tin oxide gas sensors as the main sensing elements. By modulating the sensor temperature inside the sensors%2C additional information was gathered which helps to identify unknown odours. A simple K-nearest neighbor algorithm was implemented as the basis of a pattern recognition system for recognizing odours presented to the system. Further%2C we considered ways of compressing the stored data and techniques for finding the best match among the trained data using Principal Component Analysis. Abstract in Bahasa Indonesia : Dalam tulisan ini dibahas sebuah proyek sistem pengenalan aroma menggunakan sensor hidung elektronik. Berbagai aroma diklasifikasi menggunakan sensor hidung elektronik jenis sensor gas oksida timah. Empat buah sensor digunakan untuk mengakusisi aroma yang selanjutnya diklasifikasi dengan algoritma nearest neighbour. Sebagai metoda ekstraksi fitur digunakan principal component analysis %28PCA%29 yang memungkinkan representasi data lebih kompak. electronic+nose%2C+tin+oxide+gas+sensor%2C+K-nearest+neighbor%2C+Principle+Component+Analysis.]]>
<![CDATA[Optimasi Penentuan Lokasi Switched 20 KV Power Capacitors pada Jaringan Distribusi 20 KV Jawa Timur ]]>
<![CDATA[Hosea, Emmy]]>;
<![CDATA[Nugraha, Adi]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Teknik Elektro Vol 1, No 2 (2001): SEPTEMBER 2001 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Research and Community Outreach ]]>
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DOI: 10.9744/jte.1.2.
<![CDATA[Since 1993%2C PLN Jawa Timur found that it is necessary to apply power capacitors in the primary distribution feeders because the power factor and voltage along the main distribution line remain low. It is expected that with the application of power capacitors to fix power factor and voltage%2C then energy losses along the primary distribution feeders could be reduced .This paper will analyze and study about the implementation and usage of 20 KV power capacitors on the primary distribution feeders%2C and also optimize the correct placement of power capacitors on 20 KV primary distribution feeder belongs to PLN Jawa Timur. From the optimization process to correctly place the power capacitors on case study Jatirogo feeders it was found that the most efficient and effective place to attach the power capacitors is on T - 672 using 900 kVAR power capacitors which attain cos f %3D 0%2C9979 and voltage rise up to 4%2C141 %25. Abstract in Bahasa Indonesia : Sejak tahun 1993%2C PLN Jawa Timur merasa perlu untuk memasang kapasitor di jaringan distribusi tegangan menengah karena rendahnya faktor daya dan tegangan di sepanjang jaringan. Diharapkan dengan dipasangnya kapasitor daya untuk memperbaiki faktor daya dan tegangan%2C maka rugi-rugi sepanjang jaringan tegangan menengah akan berkurang. Dalam makalah ini akan disampaikan tentang penggunaan kapasitor daya 20 kV pada jaringan distribusi tegangan menengah dan optimasi penentuan lokasi kapasitor pada jaringan distribusi 20 kV PLN Jawa Timur. Dari hasil optimasi penentuan lokasi kapasitor pada studi kasus penyulang Jatirogo diperoleh hasil pemasangan yang paling baik adalah pada tiang 672 dengan menggunakan kapasitor 900 kVar dimana diperoleh cosj %3D 0.9979 dan kenaikan tegangan sebesar 4%2C141 %25 20+KV+Power+Capacitors%2C+Optimization%2C+Primary+Distribution+Feeders]]>
<![CDATA[Studi Komparasi Terhadap Kapabilitas Generalisasi dari Jaringan Saraf Tiruan Berbasis Incremental Projection Learning ]]>
<![CDATA[Murfi, Hendri]]>;
<![CDATA[Kusumoputro, Benyamin]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Teknik Elektro Vol 1, No 2 (2001): SEPTEMBER 2001 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Research and Community Outreach ]]>
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DOI: 10.9744/jte.1.2.
<![CDATA[One of the essences of supervised learning in neural network is generalization capability. It is an ability to give an accurate result for data that are not learned in learning process. One of supervised learning method that theoretically guarantees the optimal generalization capability is incremental projection learning. This paper will describe an experimental evaluation of generalization capability of the incremental projection learning in neural networks%2C called projection generalizing neural networks%2C for solving function approximation problem. Then%2C Make comparison with other general used neural networks%2C i.e. back propagation networks and radial basis function networks. Base on our experiment%2C projection generalizing neural networks doesn%5C%27t always give better generalization capability than the two other neural networks. It gives better generalization capability when the number of learning data is small enough or the noise variance of learning data is large enough. Otherwise%2C it does not always give better generalization capability. Even though%2C In case the number of learning data is big enough and the noise variance of learning data is small enough%2C projection generalizing neural networks gives worse generalization capability than back propagation networks Abstract in Bahasa Indonesia : Salah satu hal yang penting dari suatu metode pembelajaran pada jaringan saraf tiruan adalah kapabilitas generalisasi. Yaitu kemampuan untuk memberikan hasil yang akurat terhadap data yang tidak diajarkan pada tahap pembelajaran. Salah satu metode pembelajaran yang memberikan jaminan secara teori diperolehnya kapabilitas generalisasi yang optimal adalah projection learning. Pada tulisan ini kami akan melakukan evaluasi eksperimental terhadap kapabilitas generalisasi dari jaringan saraf tiruan berbasis projection learning yang bersifat incremental%2C yang disebut projection generalizing neural networks%2C untuk memecahkan masalah aproksimasi fungsi. Kemudian melakukan studi komparasi dengan jaringan saraf tiruan yang sudah umum digunakan%2C yaitu back propagation networks dan radial basis functions networks. Berdasarkan hasil uji coba komputasi yang kami lakukan%2C projection generalizing neural networks tidak selalu memberikan kapabilitas generalisasi yang lebih baik. projection generalizing neural networks memberikan kapabilitas generalisasi yang lebih baik ketika jumlah data pembelajaran cukup kecil atau variansi noise dari data pembelajaran cukup besar. Selain dari dua kondisi tersebut%2C projection generalizing neural networks tidak selalu memberikan kapabilitas generalisasi yang lebih baik. Bahkan%2C untuk kondisi dimana jumlah data pembelajaran cukup besar dan variansi noise cukup kecil%2C projection generalizing neural networks memberikan kapabilitas generalisasi yang lebih buruk dari back propagation networks. supervised+learning%2C+incremental+projection+learning%2C+generalization+capability%2C+artificial+neural+networks%2C+function+approximation+problem]]>
<![CDATA[SISTEM OTOMATISASI DISTRIBUSI AIR MENGGUNAKAN SPEED DRIVE INVERTER ]]>
<![CDATA[Pasila, Felix]]>;
<![CDATA[Limboto, Limboto]]>;
<![CDATA[Mardany, Fandy]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Teknik Elektro Vol 1, No 2 (2001): SEPTEMBER 2001 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Research and Community Outreach ]]>
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DOI: 10.9744/jte.1.2.
<![CDATA[Our daily need about water is absolutely essential. Therefore we need some equipments which can support to supply the water accordance with our needed. For example%2C to supply the water in hotel%2C the greater the amount of using the water then we need performance of water pump more and more to move the water from low surface to the higher. However%2C often using of pump is not comparable with our needed and the pump is often operated continually so there are some electrical power and some water that neglected. In this paper%2C the using of water pump will be controlled by speed drive inverter. Motor pump can be arranged so output rate flow of the pump that become accordance with load of using of the water. The controlling of motor is done by inverter by change the frequency%2C but automation is controlled by PLC by using limit switch as sensor of elevated at reservoir and as varian frequency input on inverter%2C also we use pressure switch as automation on-off pump with pressure method. On testing of performance of the equipments%2C obviously it shows total of efficiency of system is not very big. For arranging 35-50 Hz%2C total efficiency reaches only 14 %25. Abstract in Bahasa Indonesia : Kebutuhan harian akan air adalah mutlak. Karena itu dibutuhkan peralatan bantu yang mampu menyuplai air sesuai dengan kapasitas kebutuhan. Untuk aplikasi suplai air di Hotel%2C semakin banyak pemakaian air membutuhkan semakin besar kinerja Pompa air untuk memindahkan air dari permukaan rendah ke permukaan lebih tinggi. Namun seringkali pemakaian pompa tidak sebanding dengan kapasitas kebutuhan dan pompa seringkali dioperasikan terus menerus sehingga ada daya listrik dan air terbuang percuma. Pada paper ini%2C pemakaian pompa air akan dikontrol oleh Speed Drive Inverter motor penggerak pompa bisa diatur sehingga debit output pompa sesuai dengan beban pemakaian air. Pengaturan putaran motor dilakukan oleh Inverter dengan merubah frekuensi.%2C sedangkan otomatisasinya dikendalikan oleh PLC dengan Limit Switch sebagai sensor ketinggian di tandon dan sebagai input variasi frekuensi pada inverter%2C juga digunakan Pressure Switch sebagai On-off otomatis pompa dengan prinsip tekanan. Pada pengujian performansi alat%2C ternyata menunjukkan bahwa efisiensi total sistem tidak terlalu besar. Untuk pengaturan frekuensi 35-50 Hz%2C efisiensi totalnya hanya mencapai 14 %25. Pump+Automation%2C+limit+switch%2C+PLC%2C+Speed+Drive+Inverter]]>
<![CDATA[Capacitance Meter with AT89C2051 ]]>
<![CDATA[Lim Un Tung, Lauw]]>;
<![CDATA[Budikartono, Mettasari]]>;
<![CDATA[Tjahyadi, Oentung]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Teknik Elektro Vol 1, No 2 (2001): SEPTEMBER 2001 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Research and Community Outreach ]]>
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DOI: 10.9744/jte.1.2.
<![CDATA[Measuring capacitor%5C%27s capacitance sometimes cannot be done on simple multi-meter. These meters are not equipped with the capacitance meter function found on expensive multi-meter. With the advancing technology in IC integration%2C many micro-controller vendors have provided %5C%22on-chip timer%2Fcounter%5C%22 %28like ATMEL%29%2C that will cut cost on producing a simple capacitance meter. Capacitance is measured by pulse width that is constructed from a multi-vibrator. The ATMEL AT89C2051%5C%27s %5C%22on- chip timer%2Fcounter%5C%22 is used to measure%2C and calculated pulse width%2C then result is shown on a seven segments display. A simple prototype based on the AT89C2051 is able to measure capacitor ranging from 1nF to 470uF. Abstract in Bahasa Indonesia : Tidak semua multimeter mempunyai kemampuan untuk mengukur kapasitas kapasitor. Pada umumnya kemampuan ini hanya terdapat pada multimeter yang mahal harganya. Kapasitas suatu kapasitor dapat diperoleh dengan cara mengukur lebar pulsa yang dihasilkan oleh suatu multivibrator di mana kapasitor tersebut dihubungkan. Dengan mendayagunakan fungsi timer%2Fcounter yang terdapat pada mikrokontroler ATMEL 89C2051%2C lebar pulsa tersebut dapat diukur dan ditampilkan. Pada percobaan telah dapat diukur kapasitor antara 1nF hingga 470uF. Capacitance+Meter%2C+Multi-vibrator%2C+on-chip+timer%2Fcounter]]>
