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Neurona
Published by Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Neurologi Indonesia
ISSN : 02166402     EISSN : 25023748     DOI : https://doi.org/10.52386/neurona
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience
Neurona merupakan satu-satunya jurnal yang memuat perkembangan penelitian dan kasus terbaru bidang neurosains oleh Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Saraf (PERDOSSI) Pusat di Indonesia. Jurnal ini diterbitkan bulan Maret, Juni, September dan Desember. Bidang studi cakupan NEURONA meliputi: Stroke dan Pembuluh darah Neurotrauma Neuroonkologi Neuro Infeksi Neuro Behavior Neurorestorasi Neuropediatri Gangguan Tidur Nyeri Kepala Neurootologi Neuro Intervensi Neuro Intensif Neurogeriatri Gangguan Gerak Epilepsi Neuro Epidemiologi
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Neurologi Klinis
Articles 12 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 36 No 3 (2019)" : 12 Documents clear
PENGARUH BACAAN MUROTTAL AL-QUR’AN YANG DIPERDENGARKAN PADA PASIEN STROKE ISKEMIK AKUT TERHADAP LUARAN KLINIS Susi Ifati; Dodik Tugasworo; Dwi Pudjonarko
NEURONA Vol 36 No 3 (2019)
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Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52386/neurona.v36i3.70

Abstract

    THE EFFECT OF HOLY QUR’AN HEARING ON CLINICAL OUTCOMES IN ACUTE ISCHEMIC STROKEABSTRACTIntroduction: Qur’an recitation has a high spiritual and religious value and effect to Islam believer, and also has beautiful and regular tone, so that it is believed to be useful to cure various diseases. Depression and anxiety are common, and add to worsening outcomes of stroke. There was spiritual correlation between decreased emotional distress and depression associated with poor outcome of stroke. Qur’an recitation could be used as spiritual relaxation technique, thus improve the effect of mental health.Aims: To determine effect of Qur’an recitation audio on anxiety, depression and National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) in acute ischemic stroke in Medical Faculty of Diponegoro University/dr. Kariadi Hospital, Semarang, Central Java Indonesia.Method: This was an intended to treat research with randomized pretest-posttest with control group design. Subjects were acute ischemic stroke patients with onset less than 72 hours, divided into treatment and control groups. Treatment was carried out for 7 days by playing Juz ‘Amma Qur’an recitation through headphone twice a day for 30 minutes at 06.00 am and 06.00 pm. Demographic data, risk factors, and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and NIHSS before and after treatment were assessed. The correlation of HADS and NIHSS between treatment and control were analyzed with Chi-square/Fisher test. Multivariate analysis was used to analyzed other factors affecting clinical outcomes.Result: Forty subjects were randomized into treatment or control groups. There was significant correlation between listening Juz ‘Amma Qur’an recitation with improvement of anxiety HADS and NIHSS. There was no correlation with improvement of depression HADS. Logistic regression analysis showed improvement of NIHSS after listening Juz ‘Amma Qur’an recitation.Discussion: Listening to the Qur’an recitation improved anxiety symptoms, improved clinical outcomes by 9.025 times compared to controls in acute ischemic stroke, thus can be considered to support the recovery of stroke patients.Keywords: Acute ischemic stroke, HADS, NIHSS, Qur’an recitationABSTRAKPendahuluan: Bacaan Al-Qur’an memiliki nilai spiritualitas dan religiositas yang tinggi serta memberikan efek ketenangan selain nadanya indah dan teratur, sehingga dapat digunakan untuk penyembuhan berbagai penyakit. Depresi maupun ansietas sering terjadi pada stroke yang menambah perburukan luaran. Terdapat hubungan spiritual pada penurunan ansietas dan depresi yang dihubungkan dengan luaran stroke yang buruk. Bacaan Al-Qur’an dapat digunakan sebagai teknik relaksasi spiritual sehingga didapatkan efek meningkatkan kesehatan mental.Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui pengaruh murottal Al-Qur’an yang diperdengarkan pada pasien stroke iskemik akut terhadap luaran klinis neurologis menggunakan skor National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), gangguan depresi dan ansietas di Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Diponegoro/RSUP dr. Kariadi, Semarang, Jawa Tengah, Indonesia.Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian perlakuan randomized pretest-posttest control group design. Subjek adalah pasien stroke iskemik akut awitan kurang 72 jam, dibagi menjadi kelompok perlakuan dan kontrol. Perlakuan dilaksanakan 7 hari dengan memperdengarkan murottal Al-Qur’an Juz ‘Amma melalui headphone sehari 2 kali, durasi30 menit pukul 06.00 dan 16.00. Data yang diambil meliputi data demografi, faktor risiko stroke serta penilaian Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), dan NIHSS sebelum dan setelah perlakuan. Pengaruh perlakuan terhadap HADS, NIHSS menggunakan uji Chi-square/Fisher. Faktor-faktor lain yang berpengaruh pada luaran klinis juga dianalisis secara multivariat.Hasil: Sebanyak 40 subjek dilakukan random alokasi sebagai kelompok perlakuan berjumlah 20 subjek dan kelompok kontrol berjumlah 20 subjek. Terdapat hubungan bermakna antara memperdengarkan murottal Al-Qur’an dengan perbaikan HADS ansietas, dan perbaikan NIHSS. Tidak terdapat hubungan antara memperdengarkan murottal Al-Qur’an dan perbaikan HADS depresi. Analisis logistik regresi menunjukkan, memperdengarkan murottal Al-Qur’an berpengaruh pada perbaikan NIHSS pasien stroke iskemik akut.Diskusi: Memperdengarkan murottal Al-Qur’an memperbaiki gejala ansietas, memperbaiki luaran klinis sebesar 9,025 kali dibanding kontrol pada stroke iskemik akut sehingga dapat dipertimbangkan untuk menunjang pemulihan pasien stroke.Kata kunci: Murottal Al-Qur’an, NIHSS, skor HADS, stroke iskemik akut 
HUBUNGAN LUARAN SUBJECTIVE GLOBAL ASSESSMENT (SGA) DENGAN DERAJAT KEPARAHAN STROKE Lisda Amalia; Fadila Arsanti; Ginna Megawati
NEURONA Vol 36 No 3 (2019)
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Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52386/neurona.v36i3.71

Abstract

   ASSOCIATION BETWEEN SUBJECTIVE GLOBAL ASSESSMENT (SGA) OUTCOMES AND STROKE SEVERITYABSTRACTIntroduction: Stroke is a cerebrovascular disease caused by the sudden death of brain cells. Nutrition plays an important role in stroke. Inadequate intake of nutrients affects severity of stroke. Subjective Global Assessment (SGA) can be used to assess the nutritional status of stroke patients, while severity of stroke is known by assessing neurological deficits based on the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS).Aims: To determine the association between SGA outcomes and stroke severity based on NIHSS.Methods: A cross-sectional study with consecutive sampling in stroke patients who were treated in the neurological ward of Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung between August-October 2018. Subjective Global Assessment and NIHSS were assessed. Alternative statistical test Fisher’s exact test was used to see the relationship between these two variables.Results: Among 40 patients, 57.5% were female, 37.5% had a stroke at the age of 50-59 years, the main risk factor of stroke was hypertension. Recurrence stroke were more common (52.5%), with most of them were ischemic stroke (60%). The most common neurological deficit was hemiplegia. Subjects with malnutrition (SGA C) were 40%. Fifty percent patients had moderate neurological deficits based on NIHSS. The association between variables by Fisher’s exact test was 0.008.Discussion: There was a significant association between SGA outcomes and stroke severity based on NIHSS.Keywords: NIHSS, nutritional status, SGA, stroke severityABSTRAKPendahuluan: Stroke merupakan penyakit serebrovaskular yang disebabkan adanya kematian mendadak sel otak. Nutrisi berperan penting pada stroke. Asupan nutrisi yang tidak adekuat berpengaruh terhadap derajat keparahan stroke. Subjective Global Assessment (SGA) dapat menilai status gizi pasien stroke, sedangkan derajat keparahan stroke diketahui dengan menilai defisit neurologis berdasarkan National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS).Tujuan: Mengetahui hubungan antara luaran SGA dengan derajat keparahan stroke berdasarkan NIHSS.Metode: Analisis potong lintang dengan consecutive sampling pada pasien stroke yang dirawat di bangsal Neurologi RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin, Bandung bulan Agustus-Oktober tahun 2018. Variabel yang dinilai pada penelitian adalah SGA dan NIHSS. Uji alternative Fisher’s exact test digunakan untuk melihat hubungan antar variabel.Hasil: Dari 40 subjek penelitian sebanyak 57,5% berjenis kelamin perempuan, 37,5% mengalami stroke pada usia50–59 tahun, memiliki faktor risiko utama hipertensi. Stroke berulang lebih banyak terjadi (52,5%), jenis stroke terbanyak adalah iskemik (60%). Defisit neurologis terbanyak yaitu hemiplegia. Subjek dengan gizi buruk (SGA C) sebanyak 40%. Derajat keparahan NIHSS dengan defisit neurologis sedang yaitu 50%. Hubungan antar kedua variabel, uji alternative Fisher’s exact test memperoleh hasil 0,008.Diskusi: Terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara luaran SGA dengan derajat keparahan stroke berdasarkan NIHSS.Kata kunci: Derajat keparahan stroke, NIHSS, SGA, status gizi
HUBUNGAN ANTARA JUMLAH LIMFOSIT TCD4+ DENGAN GANGGUAN FUNGSI KOGNITIF PADA PASIEN TERINFEKSI HIV Rilia Datan Sampepajung; Audry Devisanty Wuysang; Abdul Muis
NEURONA Vol 36 No 3 (2019)
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Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52386/neurona.v36i3.72

Abstract

  CORRELATION BETWEEN QUANTITY OF CD4+ T LYMPHOCYTE AND COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT IN PATIENTS WITH HIV INFECTIONABSTRACTIntroduction: CD4+T lymphocyte is a T-lymphocyte that has CD4 glycoprotein on its surface. The quantity of CD4+ T lymphocyte is associated with cognitive function impairment.Aim: To determine the correlation between the quantity of CD4+ T lymphocyte with the cognitive function impairment in patients infected by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).Methods: This is a cross-sectional  study on HIV patients at Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital, Makassar  from October to December 2018. Cognitive function was assessed using Montreal Cognitive Assessment of Indonesian version (MoCA-Ina) and all infected HIV patients’ CD4+ T lymphocyte was counted through blood laboratory examination. The data processing used SPSS program.Results: There were 40 subjects with male majority (70%). Most subjects (75%) had low count of CD4+ T lymphocytes (<200cel/µL) and most of them (72.5%) had cognitive function impairment.Discussion: The CD4+T lymphocyte was associated significantly with executive and memory impairment in patients with HIV.Keywords: CD4+ T lymphocyte, cognitive impairment, HIVABSTRAKPendahuluan: Limfosit TCD4+ adalah limfosit T yang memiliki glikoprotein CD4 pada permukaan selnya. Jumlah limfosit TCD4+ telah diketahui berhubungan dengan gangguan fungsi kognitif.Tujuan: Mengetahui hubungan antara jumlah limfosit TCD4+  dengan gangguan fungsi kognitif pada pasien terinfeksi human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).Metode: Penelitian observasional dengan rancangan potong lintang terhadap pasien yang terinfeksi HIV di RSUP Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo, Makassar pada bulan Oktober-Desember 2018. Subjek dinilai fungsi kognitif menggunakan Montreal Cognitive Assessment versi Indonesia (MoCA-Ina) dan penghitungan jumlah limfosit TCD4+. Pengolahan data menggunakan program SPSS.Hasil: Terdapat 40 subjek yang mayoritas (70%) laki-laki. Terdapat 75% subjek memiliki kadar limfosit TCD4+ yang rendah (<200sel/µL) yang sebagian besarnya (72,5%) mengalami gangguan fungsi kognitif.Diskusi: Jumlah limfosit TCD4+ memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dengan komponen eksekutif dan memori dari fungsi kognitif pada pasien yang terinfeksi HIV.Kata kunci: Gangguan kognitif, HIV, limfosit TCD4+  
CEREBRAL SINUS VENOUS THROMBOSIS PADA PENDERITA SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS Destika Fahrina; Mohammad Arief Rachman Kemal; Adiel Amaris Syah; Melita Melita; Lyna Soertidewi
NEURONA Vol 36 No 3 (2019)
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Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52386/neurona.v36i3.73

Abstract

    CEREBRAL SINUS VENOUS THROMBOSIS IN SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS PATIENTABSTRACTCerebral sinus venous thrombosis (CSVT) may sometimes be associated with autoimmune disorder like systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). It is characterized by dural venous thrombosis which can cause variety of symptoms including headache, convulsion, motor weakness, and decreased level of consciousness. Thrombosis often occurs in the lower extremities in postpartum women due to prolonged bed rest and caesarean section. We reported a 33-year-old woman, who presented with chief complaint of weakness in the left arm and leg, a history of headache and seizures, the following 3 weeks, she had swelling and pain which started at the tip of the left foot then right leg and to the waist. D-dimer level was increased with positive ANA test. Diagnostic investigations include non-contrast head CT scan, CTV, DSA, Doppler ultrasound and thoracoabdominal vasculare CT. Low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) was given for 5 days, continued with oral anticoagulant.Keywords: Cerebral sinus venous thrombosis, deep vein thrombosis, LMWH, postpartum, systemic lupus erythematosusABSTRAKCerebral sinus venous thrombosis (CSVT) dapat berkaitan dengan gangguan autoimun seperti systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Hal ini ditandai adanya trombosis vena dural yang menyebabkan berbagai gejala, seperti nyeri kepala, kejang, kelemahan motorik, serta penurunan kesadaran. Trombosis juga sering terjadi di ekstremitas bawah pada perempuan postpartum akibat tirah baring yang lama dan tindakan seksio sesaria. Dilaporkan kasus seorang perempuan 33 tahun dengan keluhan kelemahan tubuh sisi kiri serta riwayat nyeri kepala dan kejang yang 3 minggu kemudian dijumpai bengkak dan nyeri mulai dari ujung kaki kiri kemudian kaki kanan, hingga naik sampai pinggang. Terdapat peningkatan D-dimer dengan tes ANA (+). Pemeriksaan penunjang diagnostik berupa head CT scan nonkontras, CTV, DSA, USG doppler ekstremitas serta CT vascular thoracoabdominal. Pasien diberikan terapi low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) selama 5 hari, dilanjutkan dengan antikoagulan oral.Kata kunci: Cerebral sinus venous thrombosis, deep vein thrombosis, LMWH, postpartum, systemic lupus erythematosus  
HUBUNGAN NILAI P300 DENGAN MOCA-INA PADA PASIEN DENGAN GANGGUAN KOGNITIF VASKULAR PASCASTROKE ISKEMIK Susilo Susilo; Yudy Goysal; Abdul Muis; Muhammad Akbar; Andi Kurnia Bintang; Burhanuddin Bahar; Muhammad Iqbal Basri
NEURONA Vol 36 No 3 (2019)
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Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52386/neurona.v36i3.74

Abstract

      ASSOCIATION OF P300 VALUE WITH MOCA-INA IN VASCULAR COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT POST-ISCHEMIC STROKE PATIENTSABSTRACTIntroduction: Stroke is a major threat in human life because it can cause disability and mortality. Cognitive impairment in early stroke is strong predictor for long term vascular cognitive impairment while neuropsychology method is superior than conventional method to diagnose cognitive impairment, especially P300.Aim: To identify the association between P300 values and MoCA-Ina in vascular cognitive impairment post ischemic stroke patients.Methods: It is a cross sectional design study for ischemic stroke patients who suffered from vascular cognitive impairment during April to June 2018 in Neurology Clinic of Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital, Makassar. The statistical analysis was performed by Pearson’s correlation test.Result: There were 20 samples, male (60%) and female (40%). The average MoCA-Ina score was 19.35±6.06; the average P300 latency in Fz, Cz, and Pz were 370.22±49.01ms, 360.78±38.27ms, and 361.02±44.45ms, respectively; the average P300 in Fz, Cz, and Pz amplitude were 6.09±3.10µV, 5.67±3.49µV, and 6.10±2.77µV, respectively. The Pearson’s showed that P300 latency had significantly correlation  with MoCA-Ina score while no correlation between the P300 amplitude and MoCA-Ina.Discussion: There was correlation between P300 latency with MoCA-Ina in vascular cognitive impairment post ischemic stroke patients.Keywords: Ischemic stroke, MoCA-Ina, P300 value, vascular cognitive impairment.ABSTRAKPendahuluan: Stroke merupakan suatu ancaman terbesar di kehidupan manusia karena dapat menimbulkan kecacatan dan kematian. Gangguan kognitif pada awal stroke merupakan prediktor kuat untuk gangguan kognitif vaskular jangka panjang dan metode neuropsikologi lebih unggul daripada metode konvensional untuk mendiagnosis gangguan kognitif, terutama P300.Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui hubungan nilai P300 dengan MoCA-Ina pada pasien gangguan kognitif vaskular pascastroke iskemik.Metode: Desain studi potong lintang terhadap pasien stroke iskemik yang mengalami gangguan kognitif vaskular selama bulan April sampai Juni 2018 di Poliklinik Saraf RSUP Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo, Makassar. Data diolah menggunakan uji korelasi Pearson’s.Hasil: Didapatkan 20 orang sampel laki-laki (60%) dan perempuan (40%). Nilai MoCA-Ina rata-rata 19,35±6,06; hasil rata-rata latensi gelombang P300 di Fz, Cz, dan Pz   masing-masing adalah 370,22±49,01, 360,78±38,27, dan 361,02±44,45; rata-rata tinggi amplitudo P300 di Fz masing-masing adalah 6,09±3,10, 5,67±3,49, dan 6,10±2,77. Hasil uji korelasi Pearson’s menunjukkan latensi P300 berkorelasi signifikan terhadap MoCA-Ina, sedangkan amplitudo P300 tidak.Pembahasan: Ada hubungan antara latensi gelombang P300 dengan MoCA-Ina pada pasien gangguan kognitif vaskular pascastroke iskemik.Kata kunci: Gangguan kognitif vaskular, MoCA-Ina, nilai P300, stroke iskemik  
NEUROPATI PERIFER PADA PENYANDANG TALASEMIA DI POLIKLINIK HEMATO-ONKOLOGI RSUP DR. HASAN SADIKIN BANDUNG Uni Gamayani; Fanny Adhy Putri; Nushrotul Lailiyya; Pandji Irani Fianza; Ramdan Panigoro
NEURONA Vol 36 No 3 (2019)
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Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52386/neurona.v36i3.75

Abstract

     PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHY IN THALASSEMIA PATIENTS AT HAEMATO-ONCOLOGY CLINIC HASAN SADIKIN GENERAL HOSPITAL BANDUNGABSTRACTIntroduction: Thalassemia is an inherited blood disorder with high prevalence that can lead to various neurological complications such as peripheral neuropathy. Peripheral neuropathy in thalassemia patients is commonly subclinical. Chronic hypoxia due to anemia and iron deposition are thought to be the risk factors for neuropathy in thalassemia. Nerve Conduction Study (NCS) is the gold standard in diagnosing peripheral neuropathy.Aims: To identify peripheral neuropathy among thalassemia patients in Hemato-oncology Clinic at Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung.Method: This was  a  cross  sectional,  observational  descriptive  study  conducted  on thalassemia patients who regularly underwent blood transfusion in Haemato-oncology Clinic at Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung. The study was held from November 2017 until March 2018. All subjects who met inclusion criteria and did not meet any exclusion criteria were assessed with neurological examination, Toronto clinical score and NCS.Results: Forty subjects with mean age 21.8±6.4 years old, 57.5% were female. The mean hemoglobin level was 7.3±0.7g/dL  and  mean  ferritin  serum  level was 5,032±3,423μg/L. The median Toronto clinical s c o r e  was 4 (0-7) with normal, mild neuropathy, and moderate neuropathy in 55%, 42.5%, and 2.5% subjects respectively. Ninety percent patients had abnormal NCS examination with axonal degeneration found in 57.5% subjects and polyneuropathy in 82.5% subjects.Discussion: Peripheral neuropathy were found in most adult thalassemia patients. Although,  NCS  examination is important to established definitive diagnosis and considered to be  performed in thalassemia patients to  diagnose peripheral neuropathy.Keywords: NCS, peripheral neuropathy, thalassemia, Toronto clinical scoreABSTRAKPendahuluan: Talasemia adalah penyakit kelainan darah herediter dengan prevalensi tinggi dan menimbulkan komplikasi neurologis berupa neuropati perifer. Neuropati perifer pada penyandang talasemia seringkali bersifat subklinis. Hipoksia jaringan akibat anemia kronis dan deposisi besi karena transfusi dicurigai sebagai faktor risiko terjadinya neuropati perifer pada talasemia. Standar baku diagnosis neuropati perifer adalah dengan pemeriksaan Kecepatan Hantar Saraf (KHS).Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui adanya neuropati perifer pada penyandang talasemia di Poliklinik Hemato-OnkologiMedik RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin, Bandung.Metode: Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif observasional, dengan rancangan potong lintang, dilakukan  pada subjek penyandang talasemia yang rutin menjalani transfusi  di  Poliklinik  Hemato-Onkologi Medik RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin, Bandung. Penelitian dilakukan sejak November 2017 sampai Maret 2018. Seluruh subjek yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan tidak memiliki kriteria eksklusi dilakukan pemeriksaan neurologis, skor klinis Toronto dan KHS.Hasil: Sebanyak 40 subjek berusia rerata 21,8±6,4 tahun, 57,5% perempuan. Rerata kadar hemoglobin 7,3±0,7g/ dL dan rerata kadar feritin 5,032±3,423μg/L. Skor klinis neuropati Toronto didapatkan median 4 (0-7) dengan interpretasi tidak ada neuropati, neuropati ringan dan neuropati sedang berturut-turut pada 55%, 42,5%, dan 2,5% subjek. Sebanyak 90% subjek memiliki gambaran KHS abnormal, polineuropati didapatkan pada 82,5% subjek dan gambaran degenerasi aksonal pada 57,5% subjek.Diskusi: Neuropati perifer terjadi pada sebagian besar penyandang talasemia dewasa. Pemeriksaan KHS diperlukan untuk diagnosis pasti dan dipertimbangkan untuk dilakukan pada penyandang talasemia.Kata kunci: KHS, neuropati perifer, skor klinis Toronto, talasemia 
HUBUNGAN KADAR ZINK SERUM DENGAN FUNGSI KOGNITIF PADA LANJUT USIA Prabaningrum Widyasmoro Prasetyanti; Hexanto Muhartomo; Maria Immaculata Widiastuti
NEURONA Vol 36 No 3 (2019)
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Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52386/neurona.v36i3.76

Abstract

  THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN SERUM ZINC LEVEL AND COGNITIVE FUNCTION IN ELDERLY PEOPLEABSTRACTBackground: Dietary food intake can influence brain function, including zinc that has its higher level at hippocampus and amygdala. The most vulnerable age group that were exposed to zinc deficiency is elderly people >60 years. Zinc deficiency can lead to cognitive dysfunction, so early detection is required.Aims: To analyze the association between zinc serum levels with cognitive function in elderly people.Method: This research is an analytic observational research with cross sectional design. The subjects were elderly who fulfilled inclusion and exclusion criteria in Tresna Wredha Nursing Home, Semarang from May 1st, 2017 to November 30th, 2017. The nutritionist evaluated the diet at nursing home by food recall, and the result of zink diet was poor. Basic data were collected by interviewing the respondents with questionnaire, zinc serum level taken, and cognitive function assessed using Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) at the same time. The data was analyzed by bivariate analysis, and multivariate test with independent sample Kruskal-Wallis test, considered significant if p<0.05.Result: There were 47 subjects, with 48.9% had  <12 years duration of education, 6.4% with obesity BMI, 59.6% with hypertension, 14.9% were smokers, 31.9% had anemia, 34% had hypercholesterolemia and 8.5% subjects with hypoproteinemia. Based on serum zinc levels 6.4% of subjects had zinc deficiency, 83% had normal low serum zinc levels, and 18.6% had normal high serum zinc levels. There was significant association between zinc serum levels, education, and hypertension with cognitive function. Based on multivariate test, a low zinc serum level had 8 times the risk of experiencing cognitive impairment.Discussion: There was a correlation between zinc serum levels and cognitive function in elderly people.Keyword: Cognitive function, elderly people, zinc serum levelABSTRAKPendahuluan: Asupan makanan memengaruhi fungsi otak, termasuk zink yang banyak terdapat di otak terutama hipokampus dan amigdala. Kelompok usia paling rentan terhadap defisiensi zink adalah orang dewasa berumur >60 tahun. Kekurangan zink dapat menyebabkan gangguan fungsi kognitif sehingga diperlukan deteksi dini.Tujuan: Menganalisis hubungan kadar zink serum dengan fungsi kognitif pada lanjut usia.Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan observasional analitik dengan desain potong lintang. Subjek penelitian adalah lanjut usia yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi di Panti Sosial Tresna Wredha, Semarang. Penelitian dilakukan mulai 1 September 2017 hingga 31 Januari 2018. Dilakukan perhitungan diet oleh ahli gizi dengan food recall, dengan hasil asupan zink kurang. Data diperoleh dengan wawancara, pemeriksaan kadar zink serum, bersamaan dengan penilaian fungsi kognitif menggunakan Montreal Cognitive Assessment Indonesia (MoCA-Ina). Analisis data dengan uji bivariat dan uji multivariat menggunakan uji independent sample Kruskal-Wallis, dianggap bermakna bila nilai p<0,05.Hasil: Terdapat 47 subjek, dengan persebaran subjek dengan lama pendidikan  <12 tahun 48,9%, subjek obesitas 6,4%, subjek dengan hipertensi 59,6%, subjek perokok 14,9%, subjek dengan anemia 31,9%, subjek hiperkolesterolemia 34% dan subjek hipoproteinemia 8,5%. Didapatkan 6,4% mengalami defisiensi zink, 83% memiliki kadar zink serum normal rendah, dan 18,6% memiliki kadar zink normal tinggi. Terdapat hubungan bermakna antara kadar zink serum, lama pendidikan, dan hipertensi dengan fungsi kognitif. Analisis multivariat menunjukkan kadar zink serum yang rendah memiliki risiko 8 kali lebih besar untuk mengalami gangguan kognitif.Diskusi: Terdapat hubungan bermakna antara kadar zink serum dengan fungsi kognitif pada lanjut usia.Kata Kunci: Fungsi kognitif, kadar zink serum, lanjut usia  
EFEKTIVITAS EXTRA VIRGIN COCONUT OIL DAN OLIVE OIL TERHADAP FUNGSI MEMORI DAN BELAJAR MENCIT Gorga Menak Sihombing; Rizna Tyrani Rumanti; Decky Gunawan
NEURONA Vol 36 No 3 (2019)
Publisher : PERDOSNI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52386/neurona.v36i3.77

Abstract

  THE EFFECT OF EXTRA VIRGIN COCONUT OIL AND OLIVE OIL TOWARD MEMORY AND STUDY FUNCTION IN MICEABSTRACTIntroduction: Dementia is a neurodegenerative syndrome caused by chronic progressive abnormality and multiple malfunctions of the noble functions especially in memory and learning. Medium chain triglycerides (MCT) and polyphenol in extra virgin coconut oil (EVCO) and extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) can increase cognitive function.Aim: To discover the effect of extra virgin coconut oil (EVCO), extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) on increasing memory and learning ability of mice that are induced by aluminium chloride (AlCl3).Methods: A true experimental study was conducted using a completely randomized and comparative design. Experimental subjects were 24 mice, divided into 4 groups: K1 (negative control, aquades), K2 (AlCl3 + aquades), K3 (AlCl3 + EVCO 30mL/kg/day), and K4 (AlCl3 +EVOO 30mL/kg/day). Aluminium chloride was given for 15 days, then continued by EVCO and EVOO for 15 days. The dependent variable was recognition index (RI) with object recognition test post treatment. Data was analyzed using ANOVA, continued by LSD test with α=0.05.Results: Recognition index between K3 and both K1 and K2 showed a highly significant difference, and RI between K4 and both K1 and K2 also showed a highly significant difference. K4 was better in increasing RI compared with K3 with significant difference.Discussion: Extra virgin olive oil and EVOO improved the learning function and memory of mice induced by AlCl3. Extra virgin olive oil worked better than EVCO, because EVOO contains polyphenols that can work as neuro- inflammation, neurotoxicity and neuronal dysfunction inhibitors, while EVCO contains MCT as the main energy source when nerve damage occurs.Keywords: Dementia, extra virgin coconut oil (oleum cocos), extra virgin olive oil (oleum olivae), learning, memoryABSTRAKPendahuluan: Demensia adalah sindrom neurodegeneratif yang timbul karena adanya kelainan yang bersifat kronis dan progresif disertai dengan gangguan fungsi luhur multipel terutama pada memori dan belajar. Medium chain triglycerides (MCT) dan polifenol pada extra virgin coconut oil (EVCO) dan extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) dapat meningkatkan fungsi kognitif.Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui efek pemberian EVCO, EVOO, serta membandingkan keduanya dalam meningkatkan fungsi memori dan belajar mencit yang diinduksi aluminium klorida (AlCl3).Metode: Penelitian dengan desain studi eksperimental sungguhan menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dan bersifat komparatif, dengan subjek penelitian 24 ekor mencit Swiss Webster yang dibagi menjadi 4 kelompok: K1 (kontrol negatif, akuades), K2 (AlCl3 +akuades), K3 (AlCl3 +EVCO 30mL/kgBB/hari), dan K4 (AlCl3 + EVOO 30mL/kgBB/hari). Aluminium klorida diberikan selama 15 hari, dilanjutkan dengan pemberian EVCO dan EVOO selama 15 hari. Variabel respons adalah indeks rekognisi (IR), dengan object recognition test setelah perlakuan. Analisis data dengan ANOVA dilanjutkan uji LSD dengan α=0,05.Hasil: Perbandingan IR K3 dengan K1 dan K2 memiliki perbedaan yang sangat bermakna, sedangkan K4 dengan K1 dan K2 memiliki perbedaan yang sangat bermakna. Kelompok 4 lebih baik dalam meningkatkan IR dibandingkan K3 dengan perbedaan bermakna.Diskusi: Extra virgin coconut oil dan EVOO meningkatkan fungsi belajar dan memori mencit yang diinduksi AlCl3. Extra virgin olive oil lebih baik dibandingkan EVOO, karena EVOO mengandung polifenol yang dapat bekerja sebagai penghambat neuroinflamasi, neurotoksisitas, dan disfungsi neuron, sedangkan EVCO mengandung MCT sebagai kandungan utama yang berperan sebagai sumber energi utama bila terjadi kerusakan saraf.Kata kunci: Belajar, demensia, extra virgin coconut oil (oleum cocos), extra virgin olive oil (oleum olivae), memori  
MEKANISME IMUNODEPRESI PASCASTROKE Al Rasyid
NEURONA Vol 36 No 3 (2019)
Publisher : PERDOSNI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52386/neurona.v36i3.78

Abstract

  POST-STROKE IMMUNODEPRESSION MECHANISMSABSTRACTImmunodepression refers to a condition when immune system has reduced capacity to fulfill its functions therefore leading to infection. Infections develop frequently after stroke, and have been associated with poor clinical and functional outcome. Several studies show ischemic stroke, leads to impairment of immune responses, which increases susceptibility of an infection. This review analyzes the mechanisms of post-stroke immunodepression involving nervous system, such as adrenergic pathway, cholinergic pathway, or HPA axis, comprehensively based on recent clinical and experimental evidences. A better understanding of immune system modification after stroke could encourage further studies regarding immunomodulation therapy use in fighting infection.Keywords: Immune response, infection, post-stroke immunodepressionABSTRAKImunodepresi merupakan suatu kondisi saat sistem imun tidak dapat menjalankan perannya dengan baik sehingga dapat menimbulkan suatu infeksi. Infeksi sendiri merupakan komplikasi yang umum terjadi pascastroke, dihubungkan dengan luaran klinis dan fungsional yang buruk pada pasien stroke. Berbagai studi klinis menyimpulkan kondisi iskemik pada stroke menyebabkan gangguan pada respons imun sehingga menimbulkan kerentanan terhadap infeksi. Tulisan ini membahas mekanisme imunodepresi pascastroke terkait sistem saraf, baik jalur adrenergik, kolinergik, dan aksis HPA, secara komprehensif berbasis bukti klinis maupun eksperimental. Pemahaman konsep modifikasi sistem imun pascastroke dapat mendorong studi-studi lanjutan terkait penggunaan terapi imunomodulasi untuk melawan komplikasi infeksi.Kata kunci: Imunodepresi pascastroke, infeksi, respons imun
HUBUNGAN KADAR ZINK SERUM DENGAN DERAJAT NEUROPATI DIABETIK Udi Panata; Dodik Tugasworo; Amin Husni
NEURONA Vol 36 No 3 (2019)
Publisher : PERDOSNI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52386/neurona.v36i3.79

Abstract

      THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN SERUM ZINC LEVELS AND SEVERITY OF DIABETIC NEUROPATHYABSTRACTIntroduction: Diabetic neuropathy (DN) is one of the complications in diabetes mellitus (DM) that occurs frequently. This might be caused by deficiencies of trace elements, such as zinc, related to the complications. Zinc controls hyperglycemic factor and oxidative stress caused by hyperglycemia, which causes DN.Aim: To analyze the association between serum zinc levels and severity of DN in patients with type 2 DM.Methods: An observational analytical study with cross-sectional approach was conducted. Sixty subjects diagnosed with type 2 DM in the Neurology Clinic of Dr. Kariadi General Hospital, Semarang and HM Ashari General Hospital, Pemalang were scored using Toronto Clinical Scoring System (TCSS) to measure severity of DN. Characteristic data were analyzed descriptively. Categorical analysis were analyzed using Mann-Whitney method. The variables were also analyzed using Mann-Whitney test and unpaired t-test between Semarang and Pemalang Hospitals. Furthermore, all variables were tested for multivariate analysis using linear regression.Results: There were 60 subjects with a majority of females (63.3%) who suffer from DN (90%) and of 52.35±4.02 years old in age with duration of disease of 9.37±3.44 years. On average, the serum zinc levels were found normal, while average triglyceride and HbA1c levels were increased. It was observed that there were correlations among DN severity, serum zinc levels, duration of DM disease and serum triglyceride levels. In multivariate data analysis, the most significant relationship was found between triglyceride levels and duration of DM disease.Discussion: Hyperglycemia causes glucose accumulation in nerve tissues. In a long period of time, high blood glucose levels will damage the blood vessels walls that are directly related to nerves. Furthermore, in elderly patients, the amount of blood flow to peripheral nerves decreases. High triglyceride levels becomes a predictive factor that severely decreases myelin nerve fibers density. Whereas, zinc can prevent the decrease in motor nerve conduction speed.Keywords: DN, serum zinc levels, type 2 DMABSTRAKPendahuluan: Neuropati diabetik (ND) adalah salah satu komplikasi diabetes melitus (DM) yang lebih sering terjadi. Hal ini dapat disebabkan oleh defisiensi trace element akibat komplikasi diabetes, antara lain zink. Elemen ini mengendalikan faktor hiperglikemik dan stres oksidatif yang disebabkan oleh hiperglikemia, hingga menyebabkan ND.Tujuan: Menganalisis hubungan kadar zink serum dengan derajat ND pada pasien DM tipe 2, dan faktor-faktor lain yang memengaruhinya.Metode: Penelitian analitik observasional secara potong lintang terhadap pasien DM tipe 2 yang berobat di Po- liklinik Penyakit Saraf RSUP Dr. Kariadi, Semarang dan RSUD HM Ashari, Pemalang. Subjek dilakukan pengukuran derajat ND menggunakan Toronto Clinical Scoring System (TCSS). Data karakteristik dianalisis secara deskriptif. Analisis kategorikal menggunakan metode Mann-Whitney, pengujian antar variabel juga dengan Mann-Whitney dan uji t tidak berpasangan, serta uji multivariat menggunakan regresi linear.Hasil: Didapatkan 60 subjek yang mayoritas perempuan (63,3%) dan menderita ND (90%), serta rerata usia 52,35±4,02 tahun dan rerata durasi menderita DM 9,37±3,44 tahun.  Rerata kadar serum zink dalam batas normal, namun rerata kadar trigliserida dan HbA1c meningkat. Didapatkan hubungan antara ND dengan kadar serum zink, durasi penyakit DM, dan kadar trigliserida serum. Dalam analisis data multivariat, hubungan tertinggi ditemukan antara kadar trigliserida dan durasi penyakit DM.Diskusi: Hiperglikemia menyebabkan akumulasi glukosa pada jaringan saraf. Jangka waktu yang cukup lama, kadar glukosa dalam darah akan merusak dinding pembuluh darah kapiler yang berhubungan langsung ke saraf, ditambah lagi pada usia lanjut terjadi penurunan aliran darah pada pembuluh darah yang menuju saraf tepi. Kadar trigliserida yang tinggi menjadi faktor prediktif penurunan secara dramatis pada masa jenis atau kepadatan serabut saraf mielin. Zink dapat mencegah penurunan kecepatan konduksi saraf motorik.Kata kunci: DM tipe 2, kadar zink serum, neuropati diabetik

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