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Purbawidya: Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Arkeologi
Published by Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional
ISSN : 22523758     EISSN : 25283618     DOI : https://doi.org/10.55981/purbawidya
Core Subject : Religion, Humanities, Art, Social,
Religion Arts Humanities Social Sciences
Purbawidya is a journal that publishes research, conceptions, and ideas on the development of archaeology. This paper explores the meaning and significance of “Purbawidya”, which translates to “Past Knowledge” in English. Using various approaches from archaeology, anthropology, sociology, philology, history, architecture, geography, geology, biology, chemistry, ecology, and other sciences, this paper analyses how humans and past cultures are studied and understood through Purbawidya. The paper argues that Purbawidya is not only a journal name, but also a concept that reflects the interdisciplinary and holistic nature of archaeological inquiry.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Arkeologi
Articles 107 Documents
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Museum Sebagai Ruang Sosial: Pengelolaan Berbasis Komunitas Di Museum Purbakala Bumiayu Adiati, Ath Thur Fithri; Tjahjono , Prasodjo
PURBAWIDYA Vol. 14 No. 2 (2025): 14(2) November 2025
Publisher : Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional (BRIN)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/purbawidya.2025.13264

Abstract

The purpose of this article is to identify the forms and applications of social capital in supporting museum management, thus creating a dynamic social space at the Bumiayu Archaeological Museum. This research was conducted using qualitative methods, employing a descriptive-analytical approach. Data collection was conducted through field observations, semi-structured interviews, and literature reviews. The results show that the Bumiayu Archaeological Museum can optimize social capital well so that it can properly organize museum activities independently. The museum can seize opportunities for collaboration with various cross-sectors, both government and academic institutions, thus creating a museum social space as an educational, creative, and participatory tool.
From Renaissance To Robot: Paradigm Shifts In Visual Art Mokhtar , Mumtaz; Wan Mohd Daud , Wan Samiati Adriana; Mudzafar, Nabilah
PURBAWIDYA Vol. 14 No. 2 (2025): 14(2) November 2025
Publisher : Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional (BRIN)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/purbawidya.2025.13419

Abstract

This paper investigates the paradigm shifts in art from the Renaissance to the contemporary digital age, emphasizing how technological innovation has redefined the value, function, and perception of art. During the Renaissance, art embodied humanistic ideals and served as a medium of communication between the artist and the audience through form, symbolism, and mastery of technique. In contrast, the advent of machines, robotics, and artificial intelligence has transformed the processes of creation, authorship, and aesthetic judgment. These developments challenge traditional notions of artistic authenticity and raise questions about the evolving relationship between human creativity and algorithmic generation. By tracing the historical continuum from the Renaissance’s pursuit of perfection to the AI era’s pursuit of simulation and automation, this study critically examines how the meaning and worth of art have been renegotiated. It concludes by calling for a re-examination of art education to sustain authenticity and critical engagement in an age where human and machine creativity increasingly intersect.
Kajian Gua Umang Tanjung Pulo dalam Konteks Folklor dan Budaya Lokal Hidayati, Dyah; Hidayat; Amal, Bakhrul Khair
PURBAWIDYA Vol. 14 No. 2 (2025): 14(2) November 2025
Publisher : Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional (BRIN)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/purbawidya.2025.13421

Abstract

Folklore is one of the cultural products that often underlie the existence of an archaeological site, one of which is the Umang folklore that frames the archaeological site of the Umang Cave in Tanjung Pulo, Tiganderket District, Karo Regency, North Sumatra Province. This study aims to descriptively outline the archaeological aspects of Umang cave tanjung pulo, the folklore that forms the background story of the cave’s existance, as well as the relationship between the two. The methods used include observation (object description, measurement, documentation, and environmental observation); an ethnographic approach through interviews, and literature review. The result of this research are: the umang folklore that developed among the Karo people is part of the Nusantara folklore. Specifically in Sumatera, such supernatural beings are generally known as bunian. The Umang Cave in Tanjung Pulo has similarities with other Umang Caves, and the existing relief carvings provide an ilustration of its fuction. Currently, the Karo people no longer regard The Umang Cave as part of their cultural heritage, but rather view it as an object related to the supernatural being called umang.
Archaeological Resources of Buton Sultanate as Tourism Assets and Potential Resources for The Religious Harmony In Indonesia Budi Sulistiono; Anissa Windarti
PURBAWIDYA Vol. 15 No. 1 (2026): Vol. 15(1) Juni 2026
Publisher : Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional (BRIN)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/purbawidya.2026.9184

Abstract

The Buton Sultanate has given birth to many glorious past legacies, which we can now see in the form of historical relics, customs, and archaeological resources. The Buton Sultanate has produced several archaeological resources worthy of being fantastic historical tourism destinations, one of which is the Buton Palace Fortress. This study aims to analyze the Buton Sultanate's archaeological resources as tourism assets and potential resources for the religious harmony in Indonesia. This research uses a qualitative descriptive method with an archaeological and historical approach. Data were obtained through focus group discussions, interviews, and observations. Based on the data obtained through historical research and field observations, historical traces of the Buton Sultanate in the Baubau City area and its surroundings still exist as archaeological resources. The Buton Palace Fortress demonstrates the evolution of Buton's socio-cultural system and serves as an educational historical tourist attraction, thus becoming one of Baubau City's tourism assets. These archaeological resources at least show that the Buton Sultanate has given birth to a wealth of history and culture that is very thick with Islamic values ​​in the lives of its people, making Islam the basis of the local culture of the local community.
The Ritual Of Mbah-Mbeh Stone And Its Meaning For The Community Of Watugaluh Village, Jombang M. Kharis Majid; M. Nurrosyid Huda Setiawan; Amanda Puspa Rachima; Alysha Putri Siregar; Utdmah Mazirotus Sakinah
PURBAWIDYA Vol. 15 No. 1 (2026): Vol. 15(1) Juni 2026
Publisher : Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional (BRIN)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/purbawidya.2026.10703

Abstract

This research focuses on the rituals related to the ancient stone “Mbah-Mbeh,” which is still preserved by the community of Watugaluh Village, Diwek District, Jombang Regency, East Java. The stone, believed to possess supranatural powers, serves as the center of various rituals to seek blessings, fertility, and protection. Using a phenomenological approach and qualitative descriptive methods, data were collected through participatory observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The findings showed that belief in the Mbah-Mbeh stone plays an important role in the spiritual and social life of the community. These rituals connected Islamic teachings, Javanese traditions, and local dynamism, while also serving as a form of ancestral reverence and a social bond that strengthens community cohesion and identity in the midst of modernization.  
Arsitektur Masjid Raya Baiturrahman Banda Aceh: Representasi Politik Dan Selera Penguasa Laila Abdul Jalil; Hasrianti Nfn; Mifani S Manalu; Andreas Satria Wibowo
PURBAWIDYA Vol. 15 No. 1 (2026): Vol. 15(1) Juni 2026
Publisher : Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional (BRIN)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/purbawidya.2026.11910

Abstract

Baiturrahman Grand Mosque is one of the historic mosques located in the center of Banda Aceh City. During the Aceh War against Dutch colonialism, the mosque was burned down. As an effort to quell the anger of the Acehnese people, the Dutch rebuilt the Baiturrahman Grand Mosque in a new architectural style that featured a dome, which later became a milestone in modern mosque architecture in Aceh. This research methodology uses a historical, architectural, and political approach. This approach is used to observe the development of the architecture of the mosque over time, exploring information about the mosque's architecture from various perspectives, including cultural characteristics and the political reasons behind its construction. The purpose of this study is to examine the representation of the rulers’ tastes in mosque architecture and the political motives behind the construction of mosques. . The study revealed that mosque architecture has undergone a transformation from traditional to modern forms, influenced by various political interests and reflecting the architectural preferences of rulers from its inception to the post-independence period . The construction of mosques served political purposes: to demonstrate royal identity and the presence of Muslim communities, to garner sympathy, to control public activities, and to strengthen the image of the leadership.
Local Wisdom-Based Tourism Zoning In Yaro Wora Village, East Nusa Tenggara Hannif Andy Al Anshori; An Nuur Khairune Nisa; Dina Oktavia; Reiza Dienaputra; Bambang Hermanto; Heru Nurasa; Awaludin Nugraha; Kasno Pamungkas
PURBAWIDYA Vol. 15 No. 1 (2026): Vol. 15(1) Juni 2026
Publisher : Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional (BRIN)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/purbawidya.2026.14165

Abstract

Yaro Wora traditional village, located in West Sumba Regency, East Nusa Tenggara Province, is a unique cultural landscape rich in indigenous wisdom, but it lacks a solid scientific basis for spatial planning and tourism zoning. The absence of empirical studies on customary-based tourism zoning has hindered the creation of an integrative model linking cultural preservation with tourism development. This study aims to formulate a cultural protection strategy for Yaro Wora by developing a tourism zoning framework rooted in local values, indigenous knowledge, and traditional Sumbanese spatial organization. Using a qualitative participatory approach, the research combines Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) and Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) to understand community perceptions of sacred, communal, and public spaces. Data were gathered through observation, interviews, and documentation, and then analyzed thematically through spatial ethnography and participatory planning principles. Findings show that implementing Community Use Zones (CUZs),  including core multifunctional areas, critical linkage areas, and service connectivity areas, creates a spatial management system that harmonizes ecological, cultural, and spiritual dimensions. This zoning model functions as both a cultural heritage protection tool and a governance framework supporting ecological sustainability and community empowerment. The study strengthens conceptual and empirical foundations for adaptive, inclusive, and equitable tourism zoning policies rooted in local wisdom within Sumba’s indigenous communities.  
The Consolidation Of The Colonial State And Resistance In Gorontalo, 1908–1942 Joni Apriyanto; Yety Rochwulaningsih; Singgih Tri Sulistiyono; Haryono Rinardi
PURBAWIDYA Vol. 15 No. 1 (2026): Vol. 15(1) Juni 2026
Publisher : Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional (BRIN)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/purbawidya.2026.14339

Abstract

This paper examines the reasons behind the strengthening of the colonial state, the dynamics of local conflict, and the resistance undertaken by nationalist movements in Gorontalo, from the national awakening period in 1908 to the end of Dutch colonial rule in 1942. This paper also examines the process of strengthening the Dutch colonial state, with a focus on the dynamics of local conflict and the emergence of resistance by nationalist movements. This study demonstrates that local dynamics in Gorontalo cannot be separated from the repressive colonial political context, which simultaneously opened up space for political mobilization and education. The resistance of the movements, both in the form of organizations and collective action, articulated Gorontalo’s integration into Indonesian national history. The historical methods encompassing heuristics, criticism, interpretation, and historiography confirm that the strengthening of the colonial state against the resistance of the nationalist movements was fundamentally due to Dutch colonial hegemony, which sought to realize territorial dominance as a form of strengthening the colonial state by imposing a system of government, economic commercialization, and social stratification toward modernity, thus generating resistance to these ideas.
Survival Ability And Mental Health Of Women Conflict Survivors In Aceh (1989–2005): A Reflection On Twenty Years Of Peace Reni Nuryanti; Zaujatul Amna; Ardian Fahri; Bachtiar Akob
PURBAWIDYA Vol. 15 No. 1 (2026): Vol. 15(1) Juni 2026
Publisher : Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional (BRIN)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/purbawidya.2026.14409

Abstract

Two decades after the end of the armed conflict in Aceh (1989–2005), issues related to the mental health of women survivors remain highly significant. Military operations conducted during the periods of the Military Operational Zone (DOM), the Humanitarian Pause, Martial Law, and Civil Emergency generated profound trauma that shaped the chronicity of Acehnese women life experiences. This study aims to analyze the forms of survival ability developed by women affected by the conflict and their implications for mental health, drawing on Vigh’s (2008) concept of chronicity. This research employs historical literature studies and fieldwork based on feminist oral history through in-depth interviews and focus group discussions (FGDs) with 42 informants from Pidie, North Aceh, and East Aceh. The findings reveal that women experienced cumulative and multi-layered psychological trauma, manifested as Post-Traumatic Stress Reaction (PTSR), Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), and chronic depression at the same time, women developed survival abilities across four main domains: psychological, social, political, and cultural. The psychological domain is reflected in the optimization of spiritual and emotional coping through religious practices. The social domain is supported by children, families, relatives, communities, and assisting organizations such as Flower Aceh. The political domain is evident in women’s participation in peace movements, while the cultural domain is embodied in local wisdom, including meusare-sare, lullabies such as Dodaidi and Aneuk Yatim, literary works, and traditional dances. These finding confirm that survival abilities rooted in local wisdom and community support play a significant role in strengthening resilience and psychological well-being among women survivors of the Aceh conflict.
Semiotic Analysis of Sukuh Temple Relief: Fertility Symbols In Hindu-Javanese Cosmology Menul Teguh Riyanti; Bambang Tri Wardoyo; Ekananda Haryadi
PURBAWIDYA Vol. 15 No. 1 (2026): Vol. 15(1) Juni 2026
Publisher : Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional (BRIN)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/purbawidya.2026.14425

Abstract

A study of the reliefs at Sukuh Temple is needed as visual archaeological evidence of Hindu-Javanese culture through semiotic interpretation. The purpose of this study is to explain how fertility, cosmological, and religious motifs convey ritual functions and regulate sacred movements at Sukuh Temple. The research uses a descriptive qualitative design through on-site observation, systematic visual recording (photos, measured sketches, and panel mapping), and in-depth analysis of primary reports and the latest scientific works. The data was interpreted to identify themes and narrative structure, then read semiotically to trace denotative forms and connotative cultural meanings. The results showed an integrated sign system dominated by images of fertility and body symbolism, including lingga-yoni. Anthropomorphic figures, turtles, garudas, and kala heads collectively articulate cosmic balance, purification, and spiritual renewal. The spatial distribution of these motifs on terraces and gates directs pilgrims along a sequential route, transforming movement into a symbolic process of transformation and rebirth. Tantric-oriented objects further position the body as a microcosm of the universe. This study concludes that the Sukuh relief program is inseparable from its ritual itinerary and spatial design, reinforcing the value of archaeological iconography for the interpretation and preservation of heritage.

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