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Purbawidya: Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Arkeologi
Published by Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional
ISSN : 22523758     EISSN : 25283618     DOI : https://doi.org/10.55981/purbawidya
Core Subject : Religion, Humanities, Art, Social,
Religion Arts Humanities Social Sciences
Purbawidya is a journal that publishes research, conceptions, and ideas on the development of archaeology. This paper explores the meaning and significance of “Purbawidya”, which translates to “Past Knowledge” in English. Using various approaches from archaeology, anthropology, sociology, philology, history, architecture, geography, geology, biology, chemistry, ecology, and other sciences, this paper analyses how humans and past cultures are studied and understood through Purbawidya. The paper argues that Purbawidya is not only a journal name, but also a concept that reflects the interdisciplinary and holistic nature of archaeological inquiry.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Arkeologi
Articles 83 Documents
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Tracing The Roots Of Agriculture: The Foundation Of Early Human Survival Balkrishna, Acharya; Mittal, Rashmi
PURBAWIDYA Vol. 14 No. 2 (2025): 14(2) November 2025
Publisher : Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional (BRIN)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/purbawidya.2025.11308

Abstract

A pivotal issue in world prehistory is determining whether population migration or cultural diffusion played a more crucial role in the dissemination of agriculture across various regions. An often neglected yet significant aspect of this debate is the examination of preserved crops and weeds from early agricultural societies. Research utilizing archaeobotanical data from diverse sites has revealed distinctive vegetation patterns linked to specific regions occupied by early populations. The findings suggest that a broad range of plant species at early agricultural sites were likely utilized for food, and there is no evidence of a reduction in plant food diversity as agriculture expanded. These observations provide valuable insights into the process of crop domestication, indicating a symbiotic relationship between humans and plants may have been instrumental in the advancement of agriculture. This review article underscores the presence of early agricultural sites across distinct domestication centre across Asia including Ohalo II, Jiahu, and Xinglonggou showing that early plant cultivation developed in varied ecological settings, often predating or extending beyond the conventional Neolithic timeline. The evidences provided are derived from existing excavation reports, and there remains the possibility that upcoming findings could extend these dates even more.
Ikonografi Dan Makna Penggambaran Arca Gaṇeśa Ekapāda Koleksi Museum Nasional Indonesia Adwina, Radila; Ashari, Chaidir
PURBAWIDYA Vol. 14 No. 2 (2025): 14(2) November 2025
Publisher : Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional (BRIN)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/purbawidya.2025.11338

Abstract

Abstract Among more than 160 Gaṇeśa statues found in Indonesia, only one is depicted in a standing position on one leg. Based on the positional form, this Gaṇeśa statue with inventory number 198 of the National Museum of Indonesia collection can be referred to as Gaṇeśa ekapāda. Several previous studies have shown differences of opinion in identifying the depiction. This study attempts to clearly identify the depiction and meaning of Gaṇeśa ekapāda by using iconographic and semiotic approaches. In the iconographic analysis, the statue is described based on its distinctive attributes and positional form. The depiction is then compared with ancient Hindu texts and with other Hindu-Buddhist statues and reliefs. The ekapāda position more closely depicts a form of severe austerities. From Peirce's semiotic perspective, this statue functions as a sign that has two main referents through icon and index associations. The resulting layers of meaning show that this statue has a complex symbolic meaning. The statue of Gaṇeśa ekapāda can be interpreted to represent Gaṇeśa as the giver of boons to his followers who practice discipline and perseverance in worship. In addition, this study also explores the relation of this statue to the social and religious dynamics in ancient Javanese society.
Relief Yeh Pulu Sebagai Warisan Sejarah Bali Kuno: Representasi Filsafat Tri Hita Karanay Kristina, Ni Luh Wika; Aman; Yuliantri, Rhoma Aria Dwi
PURBAWIDYA Vol. 14 No. 2 (2025): 14(2) November 2025
Publisher : Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional (BRIN)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the relationship of the Yeh Pulu Relief as one of the cultural heritage in the 14th century in Bali with the concept of Tri Hita Karana, as well as examine its relevance in the context of modern life. The Yeh Pulu relief not only holds aesthetic and historical value, but also represents the harmony of the relationship between humans and God (Parahyangan), fellow humans (Pawongan), and the environment (Palemahan). The approach used in this study is qualitative, through literature study methods, interviews and field observations. In analyzing the Relief, Yeh Pulu utilizes the theory of symbolic interaction used to reveal the meaning that social relations formed in ancient traditional Balinese society, while the theory of semiotics helps in interpreting the visual signs and symbols engraved on the Yeh Pulu Relief. The results of this study show that the various contained in the Yeh Pulu Relief represent the values of the Tri Hita Karana, such as agricultural activities that reflect harmony with nature (Palemahan), social interaction in the scene of community life (Pawongan), and the existence of spiritual figures or figures that symbolize the relationship with God (Parahyangan). This finding confirms that the Yeh Pulu Relief not only reflects the Balinese life philosophy of the time but the values in the Yeh Pulu Relief can be an inspiration in building a balanced and sustainable modern life.
Islamic Music In Banyuwangi: Artists’adaptation After The 1965 Political Violence Nurullita, Hervina
PURBAWIDYA Vol. 14 No. 2 (2025): 14(2) November 2025
Publisher : Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional (BRIN)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/purbawidya.2025.12173

Abstract

This study examines the adaptation strategies of Banyuwangi artists in musical practices after the 1965 political violence. The stigma attached to the song Genjer-genjer and its allegedly association with the Indonesian Communist Party (PKI) affected the local art scene. The research applies the historical method through heuristics, source criticism, interpretation, and historiography. The findings revealed that Banyuwangi musicians shifted their repertoire from social themes to Islamic genres. This transformation constructed a socio-religious identity that protected them from political accusations and sustained local musical traditions. The study highlights music as both a cultural expression and a survival strategy under repressive conditions.
Pemetaan Tiga Dimensi Gua Aul Di Desa Cikupa-Ciamis, Jawa Barat Menggunakan Terrestrial Laser Scanner (TLS) Ayu Theodolita, Ananda Jessyca; Gusti Ayu Jessy Kartini; Lutfi Yondri
PURBAWIDYA Vol. 14 No. 2 (2025): 14(2) November 2025
Publisher : Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional (BRIN)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/purbawidya.2025.12215

Abstract

This study examines the potential of Terrestrial Laser Scanner (TLS) technology in documenting and understanding the characteristics of cave spaces as part of geospatial and cultural heritage. The study was conducted in Aul Cave, West Java, as part of efforts to preserve and interpret underground spaces through a digital spatial approach. Using the Trimble X7 TLS, this research produced a comprehensive three-dimensional representation of the cave structure, including its geometric shape and surface characteristics. The analysis focused on the differences in material properties between natural elements such as stalactites and rock walls, and artificial materials such as cement and paving blocks, based on laser reflection intensity values. Through this approach, the study not only provides precise visual documentation but also opens up possibilities for interpreting the function of cave spaces and indications of past human activity. The results of the study show that TLS is not only effective as a documentation tool but also relevant as a spatial analysis method in archaeological, geospatial, and cultural heritage preservation studies. This approach is expected to encourage broader utilization of digital technology in spatial-based research and the preservation of underground cultural heritage. 
Sengketa Maritim Di Kalimantan Barat: Dinamika Kesultanan, Kekuatan Eropa, Dan Aliansi Bajak Laut Tahun 1811-1850 Baihaqi, Ahmad Fauzan; Bryna, Bryna Rizkinta S; Ramadhan, Fauzan Syahru; Panditra, Aditia Muara
PURBAWIDYA Vol. 14 No. 2 (2025): 14(2) November 2025
Publisher : Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional (BRIN)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/purbawidya.2025.12272

Abstract

This article aims to investigate the roots of piracy on the west coast of Kalimantan during the 19th centuries, focusing on the complex interactions between the Pontianak and Sambas Sultanates and European powers. Challenging the common assumption that pirates in the region originated mainly from Sulu Mindanao and Bugis, this study employs a critical historical method to systematically analyze colonial sources and primary texts from the sultanates. The findings reveal that pirates on the west coast of Kalimantan were led by the Sultan and Prince Anom of the Sambas kingdom, who formed an alliance with the Ilanun to attack traders in Pontianak, Mempawah, and Banjar. Additionally, pirate activity was found around Sukadana Bay by the Tanjung Pura community due to the collapse of the Sukadana Kingdom's maritime power resulting from Dutch East Indies colonial expansion. The study highlights the complex interplay between political power dynamics and the challenges of piracy in the region, shedding light on sensitive issues in the collective memory of the local population. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of Borneo's maritime history and the socio-political factors that shaped piracy during the colonial period, emphasizing the need for a new approach in studying the maritime world of the Indonesian archipelago, particularly the coastal areas of West Kalimantan.
Model of National Identity Construction: The Dynamics of National Identity Formation in Archipelagic Cultural Heritage Research Wuri, Handoko; Syamsurijal; Muh., subair; Frandus; Mu’jizah; Mukhamdanah; Hikmana Arafah , Wiryandara; Mukhammad , Isnaeni
PURBAWIDYA Vol. 14 No. 2 (2025): 14(2) November 2025
Publisher : Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional (BRIN)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/purbawidya.2025.12948

Abstract

The cultural heritage of Indonesia is a key component of the nation’s identity. Therefore, the nation's identity is characterized by its cultural heritage. This paper analyzes the results of research on the theme of cultural heritage conducted by the Literary Language Archaeology Research Organization, BRIN, covering the fields of archaeology, literary language, manuscripts, oral tradition, and religious and civilizational treasures. The research employs a mixed-methods approach, combining qualitative and quantitative methods. Data were collected through Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) and analytical reviews of 34 research reports. The research analysis shows that cultural heritage, in the form of tradition, art, language, religion, and other cultural values, plays an essential role in fostering a sense of pride, unity, and national identity. Thus, identity is constructed through a historical process involving various parties acting as members of the culture. The analysis also explains the current research model and provides conceptual frameworks for policy research, development and, basic research development, as well as for the development of measurable issues, which can inform the implementation of future research with a focus on cultural heritage and identity construction. The studies also emphasize the importance of preserving cultural heritage as a form of national identity, and as a principle of ecological ethics and social cohesion amidst global change dynamics.  
Jejak Budaya Lokal Dalam Perkembangan Semarang Night Carnival 2011–2022 Putri, Melody Aria; Susilowati, Endang; Puguh, Dhanang Respati
PURBAWIDYA Vol. 14 No. 2 (2025): 14(2) November 2025
Publisher : Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional (BRIN)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/purbawidya.2025.12952

Abstract

This article explores the Semarang Night Carnival (SNC) as a means of cultural preservation and a reinforcement of the local identity of Semarang City within the realms of tourism and the creative industry. Since its inaugural event in 2011, SNC has developed into an annual cultural festival featuring costumes with local and national cultural themes presented through costume parades and visual narratives. This study employs a descriptive qualitative approach with historical methods, utilizing primary and secondary data in the form of archives, documentation, interviews, and scholarly references. The findings reveal that SNC is not merely a performance but also serves as a medium for education, cultural promotion, and the empowerment of local artists and costume artisans. Themes such as Warak Ngendog, Paras Semarang, Kemilau Nusantara, and Trilogy serve as visual representations of harmony, acculturation, and the richness of local culture. Strengthening cultural events based on local wisdom can be an effective strategy to enhance the city’s image, increase tourism appeal, and foster a sustainable creative economy ecosystem.
Situs Sakral Sebagai Pusat Kosmos: Analisis Kepercayaan Masyarakat Kampung Pitu, Nglanggeran, Gunung Kidul Dalam Perspektif Teori Sakral-Profan Mircea Eliade Alfarauq, Farkhan Abdurochim; Abrori, Ahmad; Arif, Muhamad; Zaimudin
PURBAWIDYA Vol. 14 No. 2 (2025): 14(2) November 2025
Publisher : Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional (BRIN)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/purbawidya.2025.12962

Abstract

This research aims to understand how the beliefs and sacred sites of the Pitu Village community are analyzed through Mircea Eliade's theory. This study is qualitative, utilizing mixed interviews, observation, and documentation. The results indicate that the concept of the sacred in the beliefs of the Pitu Village community has been present since the community was formed. The Kinah Gadung Wulung tree and Telogo Guyangan become hierophanies. Sacred rituals are focused on the pond, which is believed to be a place of efficacy. The cosmos manifested in the Pitu Village community also serves as the axis mundi for the community, located at Telaga Guyangan. Ancestral teachings serve as a blueprint to protect them from chaos, including the prohibition on the number of family cards, which must total seven, forming the basis for the village structure and representing an imago mundi. Pitu Village is distinct in its presence of ancestors and elders as elements of the Sacred, receiving special rituals and becoming axis mundi takes the form of a human because in the life of the Kampung Pitu community, they must firmly hold on to their teachings and seek advice when they want to carry out something.
Integrasi Terrestrial Laser Scanning Dan Dstretch Untuk Pelestarian Berbasis Digital Pada Situs Kubur Bilik Batu Di Dataran Tinggi Pasemah, Sumatera Selatan Halimun, Mentari; Permana, R Cecep Eka; Leihitu, Irsyad; Dwi Hanggoro, Pramudianto Dwi Hanggoro
PURBAWIDYA Vol. 14 No. 2 (2025): 14(2) November 2025
Publisher : Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional (BRIN)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/purbawidya.2025.13249

Abstract

The Pasemah Highlands in South Sumatra host a significant concentration of ancestor-worship culture remains, particularly stone chamber tombs decorated with paintings. These monuments face increasing vulnerability due to natural factors, material degradation, and human activities. This study explores the integration of Terrestrial Laser Scanning (TLS) and DStretch as a digital documentation approach and examines its implications for adaptive preservation strategies. TLS provides high-precision three-dimensional spatial data for recording site geometry and structural conditions, while DStretch enhances faint pigments and motifs on chamber walls. The findings demonstrate that combining TLS and DStretch not only enriches archaeological documentation in both spatial and visual dimensions but also generates a comprehensive dataset to support evidence-based conservation. This integration strengthens adaptive preservation by enabling condition monitoring, documentation standardization, and community engagement in heritage management. The study highlights integrative digital documentation as a methodological innovation that contributes significantly to the sustainable preservation of ancestor-worship culture sites in Indonesia.  

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