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La Ifa
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Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknologi Industri, Universitas Muslim Indonesia Jl. Urip Sumohardjo km. 05 Kampus 2 UMI Makassar, 90231
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INDONESIA
Journal Of Chemical Process Engineering
Published by Universitas Muslim Indonesia
ISSN : 25274457     EISSN : 26552957     DOI : https://doi.org/10.33536/jcpe.v8i2.644
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture, Engineering,
Aerospace Engineering Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Energy Engineering
The Scope and focus of the journal are : Chemical and Process Technology Energy, Water, Environment and Sustainability Coal, oil and Gas Technology Bioreseurce and Biomass Technology Particle Technology Separation and Purification Technology Food Technology Catalyst & Kinetics Technology Essensial Oil Technology Sugar Technology Material and Biomaterial Technology Biomedical Engineering Mineral Processing Powder Technology
Arjuna Subject : Energi (semua kategori) - Energi Terbarukan, Keberlanjutan dan Lingkungan
Articles 168 Documents
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Study of The Effect of Leaching Time of Manganese Ore from Pujananting District, Barru Regency Using The Hydrometallurgical Method Nurhawaisyah, Sitti Ratmi; Muhammad Fajrul; Muhammad Idris Juradi; Mubdiana Arifin; Suriyanto Bakri
Journal of Chemical Process Engineering Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025): Journal of Chemical Process Engineering
Publisher : Fakultas Teknologi Industri - Universitas Muslim Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33096/jcpe.v10i1.1584

Abstract

In the mining industry, increasing the content of valuable minerals in the ore levels needs to be done to add economic value. One of the methods to increase copper ore levels is leaching using a sulfuric acid solution. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of leaching time variations on manganese gain. Lysis was carried out using a sulfuric acid solution of 30 ml per leach, a sample weight of 20 gr for each leach, a grain size of -150 mesh, a stirring speed of 200 rpm with variations in leaching time of 90 minutes, 120 minutes, 150 minutes, 180 minutes. The filtrate results from the leachate were then analyzed using the Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). The results of this study obtained the dissolved Mn at a 90-minute runtime of 14.4045902%, at a 120-minute runtime of 14.4221077%, at a 150-minute runoff time of 14.4173441% and at a 180-minute runoff time of 14.4244638%. Based on the results of the study, the optimal time was obtained the highest dissolved Mn is at 180 minutes of leaching.
Application of the Box-Behnken Experimental Design to Optimize Coffee Ground Oil Extraction Using the Soxhlet Method Misbahudin Alhanif; Desi Riana Saputri; Khofifah Anggitiya Ningrum; Angeline Nauli; Fauzi Yusupandi; Yusuf Ma’rifat Fajar Azis; Maulidah Az Zahra; Hanif Fawaz Zaim
Journal of Chemical Process Engineering Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): Journal of Chemical Process Engineering
Publisher : Fakultas Teknologi Industri - Universitas Muslim Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33096/jcpe.v11i1.2168

Abstract

Coffee is a widely traded and consumed commodity worldwide. In 2023, Indonesia's coffee consumption reached 312,000 tons, placing it as the second-largest consumer in Asia. This high consumption generates approximately 48% of coffee grounds as waste, which still contains valuable compounds such as carbohydrates, proteins, oils, minerals, and polyphenols, thus potentially being utilized in various applications. This study was conducted to optimize the Soxhlet extraction of oil from spent coffee grounds (SCGs), with the objective of maximizing yield while preserving oil quality. The investigated independent variables comprised the ethanol concentration in n-hexane (0, 50, and 100% v/v), extraction time (15, 30, and 45 min), and the solvent-to-solid (L/S) ratios (15:1, 20:1, and 25:1 mL/g), all systematically arranged using a Box–Behnken design (BBD). The study found that using ethanol – n-hexane mixtures at certain compositions significantly improved oil yield while reducing saponification value, acid value, and FFA content. Longer extraction times and higher L/S ratios also contributed to increasing yield and saponification value, while decreasing acid value and FFA up to an optimum point. The optimum condition was obtained at 17.89% v/v ethanol in n-hexane, 45 minutes of extraction, and a L/S ratio of 22.47 mL/g, resulting in a 25.34% yield with oil characteristics of 179.12 mg KOH/g saponification value, 4.30 mg KOH/g acid value, and 0.73% FFA. These findings demonstrate that Soxhlet extraction can produce SCG oil with favorable characteristics, although the saponification value was slightly lower (-0.49%) than the minimum limit set by SNI 7431:2015. Overall, SCG oil shows great potential as an alternative vegetable oil for use in food, pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and renewable energy applications.
Enhancing Coal Quality through Efficient Sulfur Removal: The Role of Hydrogen Peroxide in the Desulfurization Process Maulana Muhammad Ishaq; Shofa Rijalul Haq; Muhammad Faiz Shafiyurrahman
Journal of Chemical Process Engineering Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): Journal of Chemical Process Engineering
Publisher : Fakultas Teknologi Industri - Universitas Muslim Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33096/jcpe.v11i1.2199

Abstract

 Indonesia relies heavily on coal as a primary energy source; however, its high sulfur content reduces coal quality and contributes to sulfur dioxide emissions that pollute the environment. This study focuses on an experimental investigation limited to the reduction of sulfur content in coal using 3% H₂O₂, supported by relevant literature studies, to evaluate the effectiveness of H₂O₂ as an environmentally friendly oxidative agent in the coal desulfurization process aimed at improving coal quality and calorific value. The results indicate that 3% H₂O₂ is capable of removing both pyritic and organic sulfur with an efficiency of approximately 20–24% under optimal conditions (28–30°C and pH 3–5) without the use of transition metal catalysts. The process operates through the formation of active hydroxyl radicals that oxidize sulfur compounds without significantly damaging the primary carbon structure of the coal. Furthermore, the use of low-concentration H₂O₂ without metal catalysts or additional physical methods, such as microwave irradiation and ultraviolet radiation, has proven effective in reducing sulfur content through a gradual oxidative mechanism. The application of low-concentration H₂O₂ without catalysts represents an initial approach to evaluating the effectiveness of coal desulfurization and provides a promising foundation for the development of desulfurization technologies that are more cost-effective, easier to implement, and potentially suitable for broader industrial applications.
Aspen Plus Simulation-based Thermodynamic Assessment of Multistage Coffee Oil Extraction from Arabica Spent Coffee Ground Amani Salsabil Husodo; Nur Ikhtiarini; Yuyun Yuniati; Moh. Ainul Fais
Journal of Chemical Process Engineering Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): Journal of Chemical Process Engineering
Publisher : Fakultas Teknologi Industri - Universitas Muslim Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33096/jcpe.v11i1.2234

Abstract

The potential source of lipid material is spent coffee grounds (SCG). However, simultaneously, polar co-compounds (e.g., caffeine, chlorogenic acid, and cafestol) can be leached using ethanol-based processing, which must be separated in stages. The article is a thermodynamic study on an equilibrium-based multistage coffee-oil separation flowsheet with ethanol solvent (treated as 96 %(w/w) ethanol in this study) and a dry-basis definition of the feed. The flowsheet was adjusted to represent a sequential mixer-separator with solids proceeding stage-to-stage and fresh solvent contacts, with the first and second stages intended to demonstrate the leaching process, and the rest performed the purification process. Stagewise results indicate that cumulative elimination of the three monitored polar compounds is over 97% at Stage 3 and over 99.9% at Stage 4, and there is a plateau in the impurity removal; additionally, Stage 5 provides only slight further elimination. At the fifth level, oil recovery drops beyond the 69% (S/F 1:1, 40 C) to 58 (S/F 5:1, 60 °C), where an equilibrium-based trade-off between separation ability and lipid retention is shown. Varying binary interaction parameters (BIP) by 10% values resulted in slight alterations of recovery and never affected the qualitative stagewise inferences. Since this work is only done with the simulations of equilibrium, all the performance values are to be understood as the thermodynamic tendencies and the upper-bound signal; engineering design is to be suggested with an explicit experiment and with the separation/solvent-recovery studies on the laboratory level.
Biodiesel Production from Waste Cooking Oil Using Hydrodynamic Cavitation-Assisted Transesterification Rizki Ulandari; Martomo Setyawan; Erna Astuti
Journal of Chemical Process Engineering Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): Journal of Chemical Process Engineering
Publisher : Fakultas Teknologi Industri - Universitas Muslim Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33096/jcpe.v11i1.2243

Abstract

The global energy crisis and the depletion of fossil fuel reserves have intensified the demand for sustainable alternative energy sources. Biodiesel derived from waste cooking oil represents a promising renewable energy source that also promotes the utilization of waste materials without competing with food resources. This study investigates the intensification of biodiesel production from waste cooking oil through hydrodynamic cavitation-assisted transesterification. Unlike conventional transesterification systems, hydrodynamic cavitation enhances interfacial mass transfer, micro-mixing efficiency, and local shear intensity, thereby accelerating triglyceride conversion into fatty acid methyl esters (FAME). The effects of NaOH catalyst concentration (1% and 1.5% w/w oil) and cavitation cycle number (15, 23, 30, 38, and 45 cycles) on biodiesel yield and physicochemical properties were systematically evaluated. Biodiesel quality was assessed based on density and viscosity according to the Indonesian National Standard (SNI 7182:2015). The results demonstrated that increasing cavitation intensity and catalyst concentration generally improved biodiesel quality and yield. Biodiesel produced using 1.5% NaOH exhibited more stable density and viscosity values across different cavitation cycles and consistently satisfied SNI requirements. The optimum condition was achieved at 1.5% NaOH and 45 cavitation cycles, resulting in a biodiesel yield of 85.72%. Compared to conventional mixing-based transesterification reported in previous studies, the hydrodynamic cavitation-assisted process demonstrated enhanced reaction efficiency through intensified turbulence generation and improved mass transfer characteristics. These findings confirm the promising potential of hydrodynamic cavitation as a process intensification technology for sustainable biodiesel production from low-quality feedstocks.
Utilization of Carrot Peel as A Natural Dye Using the Maceration Extraction Method Indah Purnamasari; Hilwatullisan; Kaisar Khadafi; Dian Purnami Handayani
Journal of Chemical Process Engineering Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): Journal of Chemical Process Engineering
Publisher : Fakultas Teknologi Industri - Universitas Muslim Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33096/jcpe.v11i1.2273

Abstract

Carrot peel (Daucus carota L.) is an underutilized by-product of carrot processing that is commonly discarded as household and agricultural waste, although it contains pigment-related bioactive compounds with potential application as natural colorants. This study focused on the extraction and evaluation of anthocyanin-containing pigment compounds from carrot peel using the maceration method and assessed their potential as natural dyes for textile substrates. Ethanol was selected as the extraction solvent due to its neutral character and ability to dissolve various plant pigment compounds without significantly altering the chemical stability of the extract. The maceration process was conducted using ethanol concentrations of 40% - 96%. The quality of the extract was evaluated based on absorbance, pH, yield, measured anthocyanin content, and dyeing performance on satin and calico fabrics. The results indicated that ethanol concentration influenced extract quality. Among all variations tested, the extract obtained using 96% ethanol exhibited the most favorable properties, with the highest absorbance value of 0.41075, the highest measured anthocyanin content of 61.73 mg/L, and a pH of 5.02. These results indicate that 96% ethanol produced a more concentrated pigment extract with strong color intensity and suitable acidity for natural dye applications. The dyeing tests conducted on satin and calico fabrics showed that the extract prepared with 96% ethanol produced the most visually appealing color results and received the highest preference scores from respondents. 
Effect of Hydrogen Peroxide Addition Method on Fenton Oxidation of Sugarcane Vinasse Nindia Noor Indah; Riezky Gusti Fadhlillah; Amani Salsabil Husodo
Journal of Chemical Process Engineering Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): Journal of Chemical Process Engineering
Publisher : Fakultas Teknologi Industri - Universitas Muslim Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33096/jcpe.v11i1.2317

Abstract

Vinasse, a highly polluting byproduct generated during ethanol production, exhibited a very high chemical oxygen demand (COD) of 132,000 mg/L, making its treatment a critical environmental challenge. To reduce COD levels in vinasse, the Fenton process was employed in this study. The experiments were carried out for 1 hour in batches at atmospheric pressure and ambient temperature. The chemical reagents used for the reaction consisted of a 50% H₂O₂ solution and Fe(NO₃)₃·9H₂O, with the key variable being the H₂O₂ addition method of direct addition (one-shot, 80 mL at t=0) and stepwise (gradually, 20 mL aliquots at t=0, 10, 20, 30 min). Samples were collected every 10 minutes for COD analysis. While both dosing methods demonstrated time-dependent COD removal, the stepwise addition proved to be significantly more efficient, achieving a maximum measured removal of 57.39% compared to 39.12% for the direct H2O2 addition method. Furthermore, biphasic kinetic modeling showed that the direct addition of H₂O₂ exhibited a rapid initial oxidation phase (k1=0.0925 min⁻¹) followed by a slower and almost stagnant phase (k2=0.0005 min⁻¹). In contrast, the stepwise addition resulted in a lower but more sustained degradation rate (k1=0.0246 min⁻¹; k2≈0 min⁻¹), indicating a more uniform oxidation behavior under stepwise oxidant loading. 
Performance Comparison of Static and Rotating Bioreactor for Bacterial Cellulose Production from Tofu Wastewater Choerudin; Dadi Arif Viliando; Dyah Setyo Pertiwi
Journal of Chemical Process Engineering Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): Journal of Chemical Process Engineering
Publisher : Fakultas Teknologi Industri - Universitas Muslim Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33096/jcpe.v11i1.2362

Abstract

Tofu industry wastewater is a potential substrate for bacterial cellulose (BC) production due to its residual nutrient content. However, conventional static culture has limited oxygen transfer and substrate diffusion, resulting in low substrate utilization efficiency. This study presents a comparative evaluation of static and rotating bioreactor (RB) systems, with a primary focus on substrate utilization, bacterial growth, and BC yield. In addition, the effect of inoculum volume (10% and 30%) was investigated to assess its influence on process performance. The results demonstrate that the RB system significantly outperforms static culture, achieving 1.6 – 2 times higher substrate utilization and 53.3 - 61.3% higher BC yield on initial substrate. The highest BC product is 5 g dry mass BC/ L medium in the RB system.   Furthermore, the RB system enhances substrate conversion toward bacterial growth, indicating improved metabolic efficiency under dynamic conditions. A lower inoculum volume, 10% inoculum with 1-10 million CFU/mL, resulted in better overall performance compared to 30% inoculum, suggesting that excessive inoculum does not improve process efficiency. These findings confirm that the rotating bioreactor is a more effective system for intensifying BC production, particularly in terms of substrate utilization, and highlight its potential for scalable and sustainable bioprocess applications.

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