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La Ifa
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Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknologi Industri, Universitas Muslim Indonesia Jl. Urip Sumohardjo km. 05 Kampus 2 UMI Makassar, 90231
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INDONESIA
Journal Of Chemical Process Engineering
Published by Universitas Muslim Indonesia
ISSN : 25274457     EISSN : 26552957     DOI : https://doi.org/10.33536/jcpe.v8i2.644
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture, Engineering,
Aerospace Engineering Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Energy Engineering
The Scope and focus of the journal are : Chemical and Process Technology Energy, Water, Environment and Sustainability Coal, oil and Gas Technology Bioreseurce and Biomass Technology Particle Technology Separation and Purification Technology Food Technology Catalyst & Kinetics Technology Essensial Oil Technology Sugar Technology Material and Biomaterial Technology Biomedical Engineering Mineral Processing Powder Technology
Arjuna Subject : Energi (semua kategori) - Energi Terbarukan, Keberlanjutan dan Lingkungan
Articles 161 Documents
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Innovation of Traditional Salt Pond by Enhancing Evaporation Rate using Coconut Coir Waste Yani, Setyawati; Yani, Syamsuddin; Artiningsih, Andi; Adawiah, Rifani Rabiatul; Ramadhani, Tarisa
Journal of Chemical Process Engineering Vol. 9 No. 2 (2024): Journal of Chemical Process Engineering
Publisher : Fakultas Teknologi Industri - Universitas Muslim Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33096/jcpe.v9i2.967

Abstract

National salt production capacity is dominated by smallholder salt production through the crystallization process in traditional salt ponds. One of the salt producing areas in South Sulawesi Province is located in Jeneponto Regency. Salt farmers in Jeneponto Regency produce salt through traditional salt ponds. Jeneponto Regency is also one of the main coconut producing areas. Coconut coir from the people's plantation industry is currently only used as fuel in small and medium home industries or is simply thrown away as waste. Coconut coir has the ability to absorb water. The aim of this research is to innovate the use of coconut coir waste to increase the surface area for water evaporation in traditional laboratory-scale salt ponds. This research was also carried out by conducting analysis on traditional ponds to study the factors that influence the salting process. Next, the salting process was carried out on a laboratory scale by making a replica of the traditional pond salting process which was equipped with the addition of coconut coir to increase the evaporation surface area. The results of the research show that the salting process in traditional salt ponds is greatly influenced by the season. The sun plays a very important role in the evaporation process in traditional salt ponds until salt crystals form in the ponds. Laboratory scale salt pond equipment shows that the use of coconut coir plays a very important role in speeding up the evaporation process and has the potential to increase salt production in traditional salt ponds.
Delignification of Lignocellulosic Content of Sugarcane Bagasse (Saccarum officinarium) with Variations in Size and Pretreatment Time Yusuf, Andi Asdiana Irma Sari; Abadi, Sakinah Islamiati; Sariwahyuni
Journal of Chemical Process Engineering Vol. 9 No. 2 (2024): Journal of Chemical Process Engineering
Publisher : Fakultas Teknologi Industri - Universitas Muslim Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33096/jcpe.v9i2.976

Abstract

Sugarcane bagasse (Saccarum officinarium) is a byproduct of the sugar production process and holds potential as a raw material for bioethanol production due to its lignocellulose content. Lignocellulose contains important components such as cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin. This study focuses on the delignification of sugarcane bagasse (Saccarum officinarium) through a combination of mechanical and autoclave treatments, with variations in particle size and heating time. The goal of this study is to reduce the lignin content and increase the proportion of cellulose and hemicellulose, key components for producing valuable products  for instance bioethanol. In this research, sugarcane bagasse was processed with particle sizes of 60, 70, and 80 mesh, and heated in an autoclave for 30, 45, and 60 minutes. The Chesson-Datta method was used to analyze the lignocellulose content of the bagasse after the delignification process. The results showed that the best outcome was achieved with a particle size of 80 mesh and a heating time of 60 minutes, yielding the lowest lignin content at 14.27%, while cellulose and hemicellulose reached 44.3% and 26.75%, respectively. This indicates that variations in particle size and heating duration significantly affect the effectiveness of the delignification process. Optimizing these two parameters is crucial for increasing cellulose and hemicellulose content while reducing lignin. Further research is expected to develop more effective pretreatment techniques to enhance the efficiency of sugarcane bagasse biomass conversion for industrial applications
Pre-Treatment of Empty Oil Palm Bunches (EOPB) Using Autoclave with Variations in H2SO4 Solvent Concentration to Increase Cellulose Content Ganing, Melani; Suleman, Annisa Inayah; Putri, Suriati Eka; Diana, Sri; Syafaatullah, Achmad Qodim
Journal of Chemical Process Engineering Vol. 9 No. 2 (2024): Journal of Chemical Process Engineering
Publisher : Fakultas Teknologi Industri - Universitas Muslim Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33096/jcpe.v9i2.986

Abstract

Empty Oil Palm Bunches (EOPB) are waste products from palm oil mills, the waste is produced in large quantities, but most palm oil mills have not utilized this waste product adequately. There are several contents of EOPB, namely cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin, each of which has economic value so that it can be utilized further. One significant opportunity is that cellulose in EOPB will be converted into glucose or bioethanol. Bioethanol is one of the options in supporting the availability of renewable energy resources. The bioethanol production process consists of initial pretreatment, hydrolysis, fermentation and purification. The delignification process of Empty Oil Palm Bunches (EOPB) using physical and chemical pretreatment can break down lignin and hemicellulose so that cellulose can be converted into glucose in bioethanol production. The pretreatment procedure with H2SO4 solvent is used to increase cellulose content. The purpose of this study was to determine how different concentrations of H2SO4 affect the amount of cellulose in the EOPB pretreatment process. Additional studies on bioethanol can be done with this cellulose content. There is an experimental component in this study, namely through direct observation and testing of materials containing different concentrations of H2SO4, namely 3%, 5%, and 7%, data were collected through laboratory experiments. The cellulose content for 0% H2SO4 concentration was 16.15%, 3% H2SO4 was 30.00%, 5% H2SO4 was 36.35%, and 7% H2SO4 was 41.09% indicating that the H2SO4 solvent can increase the cellulose content.
Potential of Freshwater Microalgae in Biodegradation of Disposable Face Masks Deviany, Deviany; Nainggolan, Gabriela; Br Pelawi, Luluinaita
Journal of Chemical Process Engineering Vol. 9 No. 2 (2024): Journal of Chemical Process Engineering
Publisher : Fakultas Teknologi Industri - Universitas Muslim Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33096/jcpe.v9i2.1002

Abstract

The use of disposable face masks can reduce the transmission of Covid-19 through saliva splashes from infected patients. However, the use of these masks causes waste generation that has the potential to release microplastic fibers into the environment. Biodegradation by freshwater microalgae can be a solution to handling disposable face mask waste. Microalgae were isolated from retention ponds in Institut Teknologi Sumatera using Walne fertilizer and pineapple liquid waste (LCN) as alternative growth media. Selected isolate was used to degrade three-ply mask pieces with Walne:LCN media ratios of 1:0,; 0:1, and 1:1 as well as Walne media without the addition of isolate as a control. Analysis of the masks degradation results was carried out using gravimetric and Fourier Transform Infraredmethods. Gravimetric analysis showed a decrease in mask mass after degradation for the control, 1:0, 0:1, 1:1 treatments, which were 0.0004grams, 0.0054grams, 0.0088grams and 0.0193grams, respectively. FTIR analysis showed new functional groups (O-H), increased C=C, and decreased C-H % transmittance of the masks after degradation. It can be concluded from the analysis that microalgae isolated from ITERA’s retention basin was able to degrade disposable masks, which is characterized by a decrease in mask mass and changes in % transmittance of C=C and C-H functional groups. The addition of LCN did not show a significant effect on mask degradation compared to variations without LCN, as evidenced by the FTIR results in the 1:1 variation where no alkene groups appeared and the alkyl group spectrum peaks were not much different from the control
Comparison of Paper Waste Hydrolysis Using Potassium Hydroxide From Empty Palm Fruit Bunch Ash and Commercial Potassium Hydroxide Panjaitan, Jabosar Ronggur Hamonangan; Riziq, Annisa Zahara; Fadhila, Syalsa; Sanjaya, Andri; Alhanif, Misbahudin
Journal of Chemical Process Engineering Vol. 9 No. 2 (2024): Journal of Chemical Process Engineering
Publisher : Fakultas Teknologi Industri - Universitas Muslim Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33096/jcpe.v9i2.1225

Abstract

Paper waste is one type of waste that is quite abundant. Effective processing of paper waste can be done using hydrolysis process because this process can decompose lignocellulose compounds in paper waste into simpler compound such as glucose and other derivative products. Hydrolysis process was generally carried out using chemical catalysts such as acids, bases and enzymes. In this study, paper waste hydrolysis was investigated using base catalysts such as potassium hydroxide (KOH) from palm oil empty fruit bunches (POEFB) ash and commercial KOH. The research stages began with the preparation of POEFB ash, KOH production from POEFB ash, paper waste preparation, and the hydrolysis process of paper waste using KOH from POEFB ash and commercial KOH. This study uses variations in hydrolysis time were carried out to evaluate the hydrolysis conversion. Based on the research, it was showed that KOH catalyst from POEFB ash contain potassium compounds in the form of 5.87% potassium oxide (K2O) and 31.45% potassium carbonate (K2CO3). Comparison of catalyst performance between KOH catalyst from POEFB ash and commercial KOH catalyst showed that commercial KOH catalyst was better than KOH catalyst from POEFB ash. The effect of hydrolysis reaction time was directly proportional to the conversion value that the highest conversion was 12.11% at 90 minutes using commercial KOH catalyst.
Optimizing Post-Harvest Preservation of Shallots (Allium Aascalonicum L) through the Application of Co-60 Gamma Ray Irradiation Technology Sarjono, Arianto Passalli; Indriastuti, Alfiah; Azis, Hijrah Amaliah; Ramdani, Nurfika; Mustam, Mariaulfa; Amin, Ida Ifdaliah; Wahab, Nurhikmah; Bangun, Daniel
Journal of Chemical Process Engineering Vol. 9 No. 2 (2024): Journal of Chemical Process Engineering
Publisher : Fakultas Teknologi Industri - Universitas Muslim Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33096/jcpe.v9i2.1238

Abstract

Shallots are an important food commodity for the needs of various Indonesian cuisines and other uses that are widely utilized. However, currently shallot farmers complain about post-harvest shallots that are easily damaged such as rotting, wrinkling, porous, root growth and fungal growth. To reduce this damage, preservation is needed. One alternative technology is Co-60 Gamma Ray Irradiation based on the principle of electromagnetic radiation that produces high-energy photons that cause ionization and excitation in the material it passes through. The nature of Gamma rays used in the preservation process has great penetrating power and does not cause temperature changes in the irradiated food. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Co-60 gamma ray irradiation on the optimization of the shelf life of post-harvest preservation of shallots with variations in control doses: low, medium and high, variations in temperature and quality parameters. The method of this research stage is: 1) Sample preparation. 2) Gamma Ray Irradiation of Co-60 with variation of control dose: low, medium and high 3) Analysis of temperature measurement and measurement of quality parameters (water content, weight loss, damage and hardness) against the irradiation dose. The results showed that gamma ray irradiation of Co-60 affected the length of shoots based on variation of dose and temperature, namely on day 1 and day 14 the combination of 650Gy treatment at 350C had the smallest shoot length, water content was relatively high, weight loss was relatively small, damage was relatively small and hardness was relatively high.
Analysis of Chemical Parameters of Performance of Moringa Seed (Moringa oleifera) as Coagulant in Waste Water Treatment Sinardi, Sinardi; HT, ST. Ica; Iryani, A. Sry
Journal of Chemical Process Engineering Vol. 9 No. 2 (2024): Journal of Chemical Process Engineering
Publisher : Fakultas Teknologi Industri - Universitas Muslim Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33096/jcpe.v9i2.1273

Abstract

Household liquid waste, which is rich in organic matter such as detergents and food waste, is one of the main causes of water and soil pollution. Household waste contains organic substances that pollute water and soil. Moringa seeds, as a natural coagulant, effectively bind suspended particles in water to be clean and safe for the environment. Moringa seeds, with their high protein content, act as a natural coagulant that is effective in settling pollutants in water. In addition, moringa seeds are rich in polar groups which have been proven to be effective as natural coagulants in lowering pH, Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) in liquid waste. This study aims to analyze the chemical parameters of the influence of moringa seeds on pH changes, decrease in BOD and COD levels in household liquid waste. In this study, liquid waste samples obtained from households around Banta Bantaeng, Rappocini Village, Makassar City were used. The chemical parameters analyzed include pH, BOD, and COD. The research was conducted using the jar test method to measure parameter changes before and after the coagulation process. The concentration of moringa seed coagulant was optimal at a concentration of 2–15 gr/L with a decrease in BOD of 95% and COD of 86%. The results of the study show that moringa seeds are effective in reducing the level of organic matter in household liquid waste. With its effectiveness and environmentally friendly nature, moringa seeds can be a sustainable alternative solution for household liquid waste treatment.
Optimization of Polypropylene-Based Polymer Composites Fabrication Using Manual Forming for Automotive and Energy Applications Ansyari, Muhammad Fadhillah; Utami, Yovi
Journal of Chemical Process Engineering Vol. 9 No. 3 (2024): Special Issue
Publisher : Fakultas Teknologi Industri - Universitas Muslim Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33096/jcpe.v9i3.1453

Abstract

Polypropylene (PP)-based polymer composites are widely used in the automotive and energy industries due to their lightweight, strong, and corrosion-resistant properties. This study aims to optimize the fabrication process of polymer composites using the manual forming method, focusing on the effect of pressure and heating time on the material's mechanical properties. The materials used include polypropylene as the matrix and glass fibers as reinforcement. The process parameters varied include pressure (150–200 kgf/cm²) and heating time (10–20 minutes). Mechanical tests were conducted using a Universal Testing Machine (UTM) for tensile testing and an Izod Impact Tester for impact testing, following ASTM D638 and ASTM D256 standards. The results show that optimal pressure and heating time produced specimens with an average tensile strength of 35.3 MPa and impact energy absorption of 0.45 Joules. Although close to industry standards, uneven pressure distribution and air voids affected material homogeneity. In conclusion, the manual forming method can improve the quality of polymer composites for industrial applications, but further process parameter optimization is required to enhance material consistency.
The Influence of Carbonization Temperature Variations on the Quality of Durian Peel-Based Bio-briquettes Nury, Dennis; Luthfi, Muhammad Zulfikar; Saputra, Andri
Journal of Chemical Process Engineering Vol. 9 No. 3 (2024): Special Issue
Publisher : Fakultas Teknologi Industri - Universitas Muslim Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33096/jcpe.v9i3.1486

Abstract

The increasing global energy demand and environmental concerns necessitate the development of alternative energy sources. Durian peel, an abundant agricultural waste in Indonesia, presents significant potential for bio-briquette production due to its high cellulose and lignin content. This study investigates the effect of carbonization temperature on the quality of durian peel-based bio-briquettes. Carbonization was conducted at 300°C, 400°C, 500°C, and 600°C, with proximate analysis and calorific value determination performed according to SNI 01-6235-2000 standards. The results demonstrate that higher carbonization temperatures reduce moisture and volatile matter while increasing fixed carbon and calorific value. At 500°C, the bio-briquettes exhibited optimal properties, including moisture content (7.47%), volatile matter (13.54%), and a calorific value exceeding 5000 cal/g, meeting the SNI standard. However, ash content at this temperature (9.33%) slightly exceeded the standard (≤8%), highlighting a trade-off between energy efficiency and residual minerals. This study concludes that 500°C is the optimal carbonization temperature for producing high-quality bio-briquettes from durian peel, balancing energy output and combustion efficiency. Further optimization of the process is recommended to enhance fixed carbon content and minimize ash. These findings contribute to sustainable energy practices by transforming agricultural waste into a renewable energy resource, addressing both waste management and energy challenges.
Analysis of the Effect of Adding Jatropha Seed Shell on the Physical and Thermal Properties of Recycled Polypropylene Composites Siti Masluhah, Via; Br Sembiring, Enjelika; Nasution, Chinta Radjeli Putri; Dwi Suyatmo, Reviana Inda; Santoso, Teguh Budi
Journal of Chemical Process Engineering Vol. 9 No. 3 (2024): Special Issue
Publisher : Fakultas Teknologi Industri - Universitas Muslim Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33096/jcpe.v9i3.1487

Abstract

The increasing volume of plastic waste, particularly polypropylene (PP), poses a significant environmental challenge. Recycling is a crucial solution but often leads to degradation of PP's mechanical and thermal properties of PP. This study aims to enhance recycled PP quality by adding a natural filler in the form of Jatropha Seed Shell (JSS). JSS is a potential filler due to its good mechanical and thermal properties, low density, and recyclability. The research was conducted in two parts: first, without alkalization treatment, using recycled PP with varying JSS additions at 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%. The Melt Flow Rate (MFR) test without JSS showed an average value of 20.620 g/10 minutes, decreasing to 15.380 g/10 minutes at 20% JSS. JSS addition also increased crystallinity from 30.92% to 36.14% and melting temperature from 163.9°C to 166.4°C with 20% JSS. The second part, with alkalization treatment using a 20% NaOH solution, aimed to improve JSS compatibility with the PP matrix.  The results showed that alkalization treatment improved the distribution of the filler within the matrix, leading to enhanced mechanical and thermal properties. The MFR value decreased more significantly in this treatment compared to without alkalization, with the lowest value at 14.55 g/10 minutes in the composite with 20% JSS. The degree of crystallinity increased to 33.9% with 15% JSS addition, while the melting temperature remained stable.

Page 15 of 17 | Total Record : 161

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