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Amerta
Published by BRIN Publishing
ISSN : 02151324     EISSN : 25498908     DOI : https://doi.org/10.55981/amt
Core Subject : Religion, Humanities, Education, Art, Social,
Religion Arts Humanities Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Social Sciences
Starting at Volume 40 Number 2 December 2022, AMERTA’s objective is to promote the wide dissemination of the results of systematic scholarly inquiries into the broad field of archaeological research in proto-history and history chronology themes in the Indonesian Archipelago. The primary, but not exclusive, audiences are researchers, academicians, graduate students, practitioners, and others interested in archaeological research. AMERTA accepts original articles on historical archaeology-related subjects and any research methodology that meets the standards established for publication in the journal. Papers published in the journal may cover a wide range of topics in historical archaeology, including, but not limited to: 1. Field of archaeological findings in Indonesia’s Proto History, Hindu-Buddhist, Islam, and Colonial periods; 2. New theoretical and methodological analyses; 3. Synthetic overviews of topics in the field of historical archaeology.
Arjuna Subject : Seni dan Humaniora - Arkeologi
Articles 727 Documents
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PEMANFAATAN SUMBER DAYA ALAM: PENDUKUNG AKTIVITAS BUDAYA MEGALITIK DI SITUS LOLAH, KECAMATAN TOMBARIRI, KABUPATEN MINAHASA, PROVINSI SULAWESI UTARA (THE EXPLOITATION OF NATURAL RESOURCES: THE SUBSISTENCE OF THE BEARERS OF THE MEGALITHIC CULTURE AT THE...) Dariusman Abdillah
AMERTA Vol. 24 No. 1 (2006)
Publisher : Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional

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ABSTRACT. The Exploitation of Natural Resources: The Subsistence of the Bearers of the Megalithic Culture at the site of Lolah, Minahasa Regency, North Sulawesi Province. Lolah sites is one of sites of exist in North Celebes which owning data from pickings of human life of past that is some waruga, menhir, dakon stones, ceramic fragments and also the swampy forest ceramic fragment around waruga. Arrange situation from this building megalithic do not refer into one certain pattern seen in distance of among waruga which is one with unequal other and disseminate. Substance artifact source petrify exist in this sites there are not far from location sites and in number which is a lot of even abundance. Rock used to menhir selected by a forms come near or as according to its allotment without change or form it totally. Substance from waruga of located in River Panaiki walls in west side of countryside Lemoh. Rock which is laid bare in the river Panaiki walls have equality with elementary substance of Waruga of exist in sites, beside that at the river is also met by the footstep existence of ex-base relief. Relied on the footstep hence can said that by this making waruga is conducted in place this substance source or rock reside in. After becoming grave form petrifies the desired is then brought to location sites. From result analyze physical which have been conducted can be said that by this election substance is relied on by its physical condition having high absorption, is easy to chiseled by because having hardness 2-3 Mosch scale. Even though the physical condition from this rock tuff, compact still and strong. From result of perception of geology known that by rocks of farm of Sites Lolah is congelation rock of young volcanic that is Pleistocene of early Holocene of Early Regional Morphology of sites and its surroundings represent a hilly with many rivers having the character of periodic, so that can be said that by accomplishment of adequate amount of water required here. That way also with level of fertility of land in this region is very conducive to make it as area plantation. Others the availability plant of elementary forest upon which inaker of wooden house very support for creation of settlement of resident in the region. In election of substance of maker of artifact stone, good that substance of maker of Waruga and also Menhir at past, have considered some aspect among other things is quality of substance as well as election of substance as according to its allotment.
PEMUKIMAN DI LINGKUNGAN BIARO (STUDI TERHADAP BIARO MANGALEDANG, PADANG LAWAS) (THE SETTLEMENT WITHIN THE BIARO AREA (A STUDY ON BIARO MANGALEDANG AT PADANG LAWAS)) Sukawati Susetyo
AMERTA Vol. 24 No. 1 (2006)
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ABSTRAK. Biaro Mangaledang merupakan salah satu bagian dari percandian Padang Lawas yang secara administrasi berada di Dusun Torna Tambang, Desa Mangaledang Godang, Kecamatan Portibi, Kabupaten Tapanuli Selatan. Sebagai sebuah bangunan pemujaan yang difungsikan pada sekitar abad ke 11-14 tentu saja ada yang mengelola bangunan tersebut yaitu merawat dan menggunakannya. Untuk itulah dalam tulisan ini dicoba mencari tahu apakah ada permukiman kuna di lingkungan biaro. Berdasarkan hasil test-pit di beberapa lokasi yang diduga sebagai tempat bermukim ditemukan indikasi adanya permukiman yang sejaman dengan Biaro Mangaledang berupa fragmen keramik Cina abad ke-10-14 M, yaitu dari masa Dinasti Song abad ke-10- 13 M serta Dinasti Yuan abad ke-13-14 M. Namun demikian karena lokasi temuan berada sangat dekat dengan Sungai Sirumambe (berjarak 50 meter) masih diragukan apakah artefak tersebut in-situ. Keraguan didasarkan pada lapisan tanah berupa hamparan kerakal menyerupai bekas sungai (lama?), yang menimbulkan dugaan bahwa artefak tersebut terbawa oleh banjir. Tulisan ini belum dapat menyimpulkan siapa yang bermukim di lokasi tersebut, hanya dapat memberikan gambaran bahwa permukiman kuno di sekitar Biaro Mangaledang memang ada. ABSTRACT. The Settlement within the Biaro Area (A Study on Biaro Mangaledang at Padang Lawas). Mangaledang biaro is a sanctuary building that was used in 11-14th century AD. The biaro was a part of Padang Lawas temples that is administratively located at Dusun Torna Tambang, Desa Mangaledang Godang. Kecamatan Portibi in South Tapanuli. In this paper, it would be analyzed the correlation between the ceramic- earthenwares found with the possibility of people living according to the test-pit in the vicinity of the biaro. The ceramics are known from Yuan and Song Dynasty from China in the same century era as the biaro, 10-13th AD and 13-14th AD respectively. Due to the fact that the location of artefacts found were near to the Sirumambe river, which is about 50 meters from the biaro, and the other facts which indicated of flood. This research it is still hard to conclude if there were people living around the biaro.
AGTA AND PUNAN: SURVIVING HUNTER-GATHERERS IN SOUTHEAST ASIA (AGTA DAN PUNAN: SISA-SISA POPULASI PEMBURU DAN PERAMU DI ASIA TENGGARA) Vida Pervaya Rusianti Kusmartono
AMERTA Vol. 24 No. 1 (2006)
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Back Cover Amerta Volume 24, Nomor 1, Tahun 2006 Redaksi Amerta
AMERTA Vol. 24 No. 1 (2006)
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YOUNGER TOBA TEPHRA 74 KYA: IMPACT ON REGIONAL CLIMATE, TERRESTIAL ECOSYSTEM, AND PREHISTORIC HUMAN POPULATION Sofwan Noerwidi
AMERTA Vol. 30 No. 1 (2012)
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Abstrak. Tephra Danau Toba yang Lebih Muda (74 Kya): Efeknya pada Iklim Regional, Ekosistem Darat, dan Populasi Manusia Prasejarah. Salah satu aktivitas vulkanik terbesar yang diperkirakan menjadi penyebab musim dingin vulkanik yang sangat dahsyat pada periode Kuarter adalah letusan Toba pada 74 ka, di Sumatra Utara, Indonesia. Berdasarkan pada teori bencana Toba,hal itu mengakibatkan musnahnya hampir seluruh populasi manusia, dan membentuk bottleneck yang terekam pada gen yang diturunkan di seluruh populasi manusia saat ini. Tulisan ini membicarakan tentang erupsi Toba serta pengaruhnya pada perubahan lingkungan flora, fauna, dan manusia berdasarkan pada hasil penelitian terdahulu. Kata kunci: aktivitas vulkanik, perubahan iklim, populasi manusia Abstract. One of the largest volcanic activity which predicted was caused terrible volcanic winterin Quaternary period is the Toba eruption in 74 ka, Northern Sumatra, Indonesia. According to theToba catastrophe theory by some scholars, it had a global consequence of killing most humans whoalive and creating of a population bottleneck that affected the genetic inheritance of all living humans today. This paper will discuss about Toba eruption and also its impact for vegetal, animal, and human environmental change based on previous research. Keywords: volcanic activity, climatic change, human population
MAKNA DAN FUNGSI SIMBOL SEKS DALAM RITUS KESUBURAN MASA MAJAPAHIT M. Dwi Cahyono
AMERTA Vol. 30 No. 1 (2012)
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Abstrak. Simbol seks melintas ruang dan waktu. Tumbuh, berkembang, dan berkelanjutan di berbagai belahan dunia. Tidak terkecuali di berbagai daerah di Nusantara semenjak masa Prasejarah, HinduBuddha, dan awal perkembangan Islam, bahkan hingga kini tradisinya masih terus berlanjut di banyak tempat. Sebagai suatu petanda budaya, baik berwujud ikonik ataupun simbolik, ia memiliki makna terkait dengan kesuburan, yakni kesuburan manusia, binatang, maupun tanaman. Sebagai simbol/ikon yang merepresentasikan makna kesuburan, baik dalam bentuk arca, relief candi ataupun ungkapan tekstual, kehadirannya di dalam sosio-budaya Jawa masa lalu dimaksudkan untuk menopang fungsi penyubur. Oleh karena itu, ia diposisikan sebagai sesuatu yang penting, terutama bagi para petani. Kepentingan itulah yang melatari mengapa phallus, vulva, payudara dan sanggama dalam konteks religius tertentu diyakini sebagai benda dan perbuatan suci, yang dipuja atau dilakukan dalam suatu ritus, yakni ritus kesuburan. Kata kunci: Nusantara, kesuburan, ritus kesuburan, simbol seks Abstract. The Meaning and Functions of Sex Symbol of the Fertility Rite in Majapahit Era.Sex symbol across space and time. Grow and sustained in different parts of the world. No exception in many parts of the archipelago since prehistoric times, Hindu-Buddhist, and early development of Islam, even today the tradition still continues in many places. As a sign of culture, whether iconic or symbolic form, it has a meaning associated with fertility, the fertility of humans, animals, or plants. As symbols/icons that represent the meaning of fertility, either in the form of statues, reliefs or textual expression, the presence in the socio-cultural past of Java meant to sustain the function of fertilizer. Therefore, it is positioned as something important, especially for farmers. Interests that underlie why the phallus, vulva, breasts, and sexual intercourse in the context of a particular religious objects and believed actions to be sacred, revered or done in a ritual, the rites of fertility. Keywords: Nusantara, fertility, fertility rites, sex symbol
KOTA RENTANG, SUMATRA UTARA: JALUR PERDAGANGAN PANTAI TIMUR SUMATRA Naniek Harkantiningsih; Sonny C. Wibisono
AMERTA Vol. 30 No. 1 (2012)
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Abstrak. Kota Rentang adalah sebuah situs baru yang ditemukan di kawasan Muara Belawan, Medan pada tahun 2008. Dalam artikel ini akan dipresentasikan bukti-bukti arkeologi yang ditemukan melalui kegiatan ekskavasi. Dalam konteks kawasan Muara Belawan penemuan situs Kota Rentang ini menjadi penting artinya, karena di kawasan ini pula pernah ditemukan situs yang cukup dikenal yaitu Kota Cina. Sebuah situs permukiman di daerah rawa pantai yang mengandung temuan keramik dari masa Song-Yuan, dan situs lain Paya pasir tempat ditemukan bangkai kapal kuno. Analisis keramik menjadi kunci penting menelusuri situs-situs perdagangan di Muara Belawan, kapan Kota Rentang mulai berperan dalam jaringan perdagangan. Studi ini juga dilakukan perbandingkan variabilitas dan kronologi keramik antara Situs Kota Rentang dan Situs Kota Cina yang terletak dalam satu sistem jaringan sungai pesisir-pedalaman. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan pemahaman yang lebih baik tentang pertumbuhan pusat-pusat kota pantai yang berperan dalam jaringan perdagangan regional abad 12 – 16 di pantai timur Sumatra bagian utara khsusunya di kawasan Muara Belawan. Kata kunci: Kota Rentang, perdagangan, keramik Abstract. Kota Rentang, North Sumatra: Trade Route on the East Coast of Sumatra. KotaRentang is a new site, which was discovered in Muara/Belawan (Belawan Estuary) area, Medan,in 2008. In this article will be presented archaeological evidences found during excavations. In thecontext of Muara Belawan area, the discovery of this site is important because in this area there isalso a quite famous site, which is Kota Cina, a habitation site that contains Song-Yuan ceramics, andPaya Pasir, where there is an old shipwreck. Ceramics analysis is the important device in retracingtrade sites in Muara Belawan and finding out when Kota Rentang was first involve in trade network.In this study comparisons are also made between the variability and chronology of ceramics from thesites of Kota Rentang, which are located in a network of coastal-interior river system. It is hoped thatresults of this study will provide better understanding about the emergence of centers of coastal cities,which were involved in regional trade network during 12th – 16th centuries AD along the east coastof the northern part of Sumatra, particularly Muara Belawan area. Keywords: Kota Rentang, trade, ceramics
LAUT UNTUK SEMUA: MATERIALISASI BUDAYA BAHARI DI KEPULAUAN MALUKU TENGGARA Marlon Nikolay Ramon Ririmasse
AMERTA Vol. 30 No. 1 (2012)
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Abstrak. Sejak tahun 1982 Badan PBB untuk Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan UNESCO telahmenetapkan tanggal 18 April sebagai hari internasional untuk monumen dan situs. Tahun 2011 ini peringatan hari penting bagi segenap pemerhati pusaka budaya tersebut dilekatkan dengan tema Cultural Heritage of Water. Menyandang gelar terhormat sebagai negara kepulauan terbesar di dunia, dengan kebersamaan geografis yang direkat secara bahari, gaung perayaan hari penting dengan temaspesifik ini sepertinya tidak terdengar di Indonesia. Pertengahan tahun memang telah lewat, namunagaknya belum terlambat untuk meninjau tema menarik di atas. Bersamaan dengan momentum khas dimaksud, bukan kebetulan kiranya jika saat ini Maluku dan enam daerah lain bergegas untuk diakui sebagai provinsi kepulauan dengan memilih laut sebagai identitas. Hal mana yang juga berarti peran kajian sejarah budaya bahari menjadi sentral sifatnya. Makalah ini mencoba untuk mengamati peran laut dan kawasan perairan dalam konstruksi sejarah budaya di Kepulauan Maluku Tenggara beserta segenap manifestasi material atas cara pandang spesifik tentang bentang bahari ini. Tentu dengan harapan bahwa diskusi sederhana pada tahap mula ini mampu menciptakan ruang untuk mendorong peran studi arkeologi dalam mewujudkan laut sebagai sumber nilai-nilai universal bagi jati diri, ilmu pengetahuan dan kesejahteraan bersama. Kata Kunci: laut, budaya bahari, materialisasi, Kepulauan Maluku Tenggara Abstract. Ocean for All: Materialization of Maritime Culture in the Islands of SoutheastMoluccas. Since 1982 UNESCO has designated April 18th as the International Day for Monumentsand Sites. This year, the selected theme for this memorial day is ‘cultural heritage of water’. Despiteits status as the major archipelagic state in the world, with thousands of islands connected by thesea, echoes of the celebration of the important day mentioned above does not seem to be heard inIndonesia. Although Mid-year has indeed passed, apparently it is not too late to review the interestingtheme above. Correspond to this particular momentum is the fact that Moluccas and another sixprovinces are attempting to be approved as archipelagic provincials by choosing the sea as theiridentity, a status which also means that the role of maritime cultural history will play a centralpart. This paper tries to examine the role of sea in the construction of cultural history in SoutheastMoluccas Islands as well as all the material manifestation of this specific perspective on seascape.Hopefully this preliminary discussion will be able to encourage the role of archaeology to develop thesea as a source of universal values for identity, science, and prosperity. Keywords: sea, maritime culture, materialization, Southeast Moluccas Islands
Cover Amerta Volume 30, Nomor 2 Tahun 2012 Redaksi Amerta
AMERTA Vol. 30 No. 2 (2012)
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PRASEJARAH AUSTRONESIA DI NUSA TENGGARA TIMUR: SEBUAH PANDANGAN AWAL Truman Simanjuntak; M. Ruly Fauzi; J.C. Galipaud; Redaksi AmertaFadhila A. Azis; Hallie Buckley
AMERTA Vol. 30 No. 2 (2012)
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Abstrak. Tulisan ini menguraikan gambaran awal tentang kehidupan Penutur Austronesia dankarakter budaya neolitiknya di wilayah Nusa Tenggara Timur, berdasarkan penemuan-penemuan data baru yang dilengkapi dengan hasil-hasil penelitian terdahulu. Setidaknya di sekitar 3.000 – 2.000 BP berbagai pulau di wilayah ini sudah dihuni Penutur Austronesia. Mereka menghuni wilayah pantai dengan mata pencarian berburu dan meramu dengan penekanan pada pemanfaatan biota laut; mempraktekkan penguburan tempayan dan tanpa wadah; menggunakan peralatan beliung persegi dan peralatan litik lainnya; membuat alat-alat perhiasan (dari cangkang kerang, koral, dan biji-bijian); dan membuat kain dari kulit kayu. Kemiripan bentuk, pola serta variasi tinggalan arkeologis dari situs-situs neolitik di wilayah ini memperlihatkan komunitas antar-pulau telah terlibat kontak dan interaksi yang intensif di kala itu.Kata kunci: Austronesia, Neolitik, Nusa Tenggara Timur, karakter budaya, interaksi Abstract. Prehistoric Austronesian in East Nusa Tenggara Timur: a preliminary view. This articlediscusses a preliminary insight on the presence of the Austronesian Speakers and its neolithic culturein East Nusa Tenggara, based on our new discoveries completed with results from previous studies. At least around 3,000 – 2,000 BP most of islands in this region have been inhabited by Austronesianspeaking people. They inhabited coastal areas; practicing hunting and gathering with an emphasis on the exploitation of marine resources; practicing burial with and without jar; using polished stone adzes and other lithic tools; manufacturing body ornaments made from shells, coral, and seeds; and making cloth from barks. The similarity observed among the shapes, patterns and variations on archaeological remains from neolithic sites in this area reveal an intensive inter-island contacts and interactions between coastal communities during that period. Keywords: Austronesia, Neolitik, East Nusa Tenggara, cultural character, interaction

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