Garuda - Garba Rujukan Digital

Article Per Year (5 Year)

All

The International Journal of Medical Science and Health Research

ijmhsr
Website

Published by International Medical Journal Corp. Ltd.

ISSN : 30481376 EISSN : 30481368 DOI : -

Core Subject : Health,

Dentistry Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health Veterinary

The International Journal of Medical Science and Health Research, published by International Medical Journal Corp. Ltd. is dedicated to providing physicians with the best research and important information in the world of medical research and science and to present the information in a format that is understandable and clinically useful. Committed to publishing multidisciplinary research that spans the entire spectrum of healthcare and medicine access, The American Journal of Medical Science and Health Research aims at an international audience of pharmacists, clinicians, medical ethicists, regulators, and researchers, providing an online forum for the rapid dissemination of recent research and perspectives in this area.

Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Review dan Referensi, Kedokteran

Articles 529 Documents

35 36 37 38 39

When Psychosis Meets Chorea: Multidisciplinary Diagnosis of Suspected Pediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorders Associated with Streptococcal Infections in a Pre-adolescent Girl Ayu Putri Satyawati; Komang Yasmika Utami; I Made Ananta Wijaya
The International Journal of Medical Science and Health Research Vol. 18 No. 9 (2025): The International Journal of Medical Science and Health Research
Publisher : International Medical Journal Corp. Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70070/1vner836

Background Pediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorders Associated with Streptococcal Infections (PANDAS) are characterized by the abrupt onset of neuropsychiatric symptoms temporally linked to Group A β-hemolytic Streptococcus infection. The condition remains diagnostically challenging due to overlapping features with other autoimmune and psychiatric disorders, absence of definitive biomarkers, and variable infectious histories. Objective To describe a diagnostically complex case of PANDAS in a preadolescent girl presenting with concurrent choreiform movements, acute psychosis, and subclinical valvular changes. Case A 12-year-6-month-old previously healthy girl developed sudden-onset involuntary dance-like movements and acute psychiatric symptoms, including auditory hallucinations and bizarre delusions. Neurological examination revealed chorea without focal deficits. Echocardiography showed mild mitral and tricuspid regurgitation. Anti Streptolysin O (ASTO) test was positive, but other Laboratory markers of inflammation were normal. The temporal clustering of symptoms, subtle cardiac findings, positive ASTO test and exclusion of alternative diagnoses supported a working diagnosis of PANDAS. Management included antipsychotic, benzodiazepine, and anticonvulsant therapy, with referral for tertiary evaluation and potential immunomodulation. Conclusion This case emphasizes the importance of early recognition of PANDAS in children with abrupt neuropsychiatric and motor symptom onset, the necessity of thorough differential diagnosis, and the value of multidisciplinary care in optimizing outcomes.

Analysis Study of Outcomes Robotic-Assisted Surgery is Compared to Minimally Invasive Surgery in Pediatric Urology: A Comprehensive Systematic Review and Metaanalysis Study Tegar Pamungkas; John M.Sangkai
The International Journal of Medical Science and Health Research Vol. 4 No. 5 (2024): The International Journal of Medical Science and Health Research
Publisher : International Medical Journal Corp. Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70070/y68aeb30

Background: The use of robotic-assisted surgery (RAS) has increased more slowly in pediatrics than in the adult population. Despite the many advantages of robotic instruments, such as the ability to mimic the movements of the human wrist, highly magnified 3D visualization, and tremor filtration, the da Vinci Surgical System still presents some limitations for use in pediatric surgery. Method: This systematic review and meta-analysis, conducted following PRISMA guidelines and employing the PICO format, aim to explore about the analysis study of outcomes robotic-assisted surgery is compared to minimally invasive surgery in pediatric urology. Inclusion criteria encompass diverse study designs (RCTs, observational, quasi-experimental, and case-control studies) investigating the analysis study of outcomes robotic-assisted surgery is compared to minimally invasive surgery in pediatric urology, while exclusion criteria filter out studies lacking relevance to the analysis study of outcomes robotic-assisted surgery is compared to minimally invasive surgery in pediatric urology. Result: The selected articles, demonstrate a recent publication trend, with 2 are articles published in PubMed journal, 5 were published in Sage Journal, 1 were published in Lancet, 4 were published in Science Direct from 2014 – 2024. Based on the Z value of 12.79 and P value <0.00001, there is a significant comparison between robotic-assisted surgery and minimally invasive surgery. The fixed random value is 0.37, where the value here is positive. Conclusion: Robotic procedures in paediatric surgery are increasingly reported. Financial restrictions in many public health markets will likely demonstrate a reduced growth. Over the next decade, the introduction of new, more affordable robotic platforms is likely to alter this.

Swimming As A Risk Factor for Acute Suppurative Otitis Media in A Patient with Contralateral CSOM: A Case Report Aisyah Nurul Izza Lukman; Andi Tenri Sanna A; Indah hamriani; Samsi Mesi; Hasma Idris Nohong
The International Journal of Medical Science and Health Research Vol. 18 No. 10 (2025): The International Journal of Medical Science and Health Research
Publisher : International Medical Journal Corp. Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70070/rfx80h94

Background: Acute suppurative otitis media (ASOM) is a short-lived middle ear infection often triggered by Eustachian tube dysfunction. Swimming, especially in unsterile waters, can be a risk factor for ASOM due to the ingress of contaminated water or pressure changes that disrupt middle ear ventilation. Individuals with contralateral chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) are at higher risk due to pre-existing anatomical changes and decreased mucociliary defense. Case Report : A 36-year-old man, a physical education teacher, presented with severe pain in his right ear for one week, worsening the previous night, accompanied by otorrhea and hearing loss. The complaints arose after water entered the patient's ear while teaching swimming. Otoscopic examination revealed a 40–50% tympanic membrane perforation with hyperemia in the right ear, and a 20–30% perforation without hyperemia in the left ear. Tuning fork and audiometric examinations confirmed bilateral conductive hearing loss (mild in the right ear, moderate in the left ear). The patient was diagnosed with ASOM dextra and inactive chronic otitis media sinistra, then given therapy with Burow's tampon, oral ciprofloxacin, methylprednisolone, acetylcysteine, and education regarding the possibility of operative measures. Discussion : This case demonstrates a relationship between water exposure during swimming and the development of ASOM in a patient with contralateral CSOM. The underlying mechanisms involve Eustachian tube dysfunction, impaired middle ear ventilation, and bacterial colonization due to decreased mucociliary defense. The CSOM condition on one side can be a predisposing factor for acute infection on the other side through tube dysfunction and cross-colonization. Comprehensive management includes eradication of infection, control of inflammation, improvement of middle ear ventilation, and patient education to prevent complications such as permanent hearing loss. Conclusion : Swimming in unsterile waters can be a gateway for infection causing ASOM, especially in individuals with contralateral CSOM. Early and comprehensive treatment is crucial to prevent complications and preserve hearing function.

In Silico Evaluation of Phytochemicals from Amorphophallus muelleri as Potential PPARG Modulators in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS): A Molecular Docking Study Melati Ganeza; Enricko Hotma Jonifar Siregar
The International Journal of Medical Science and Health Research Vol. 18 No. 10 (2025): The International Journal of Medical Science and Health Research
Publisher : International Medical Journal Corp. Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70070/rddj9034

Objective: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a multifactorial endocrine disorder that affects women of reproductive age and is frequently associated with insulin resistance, hyperandrogenism, and metabolic abnormalities. Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma (PPARG) is a nuclear receptor involved in glucose and lipid metabolism and plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of PCOS. Amorphophallus muelleri is known to contain various fatty acid derivatives that may influence metabolic pathways through PPARG modulation. Methods: This study aimed to evaluate the binding affinity and interaction profiles of nine phytochemicals derived from A. muelleri toward PPARG using molecular docking analysis. The three-dimensional structure of PPARG (PDB ID: 3DZY) was retrieved from the Protein Data Bank, and docking simulations were conducted using the Molecular Operating Environment (MOE) software. Ligand preparation was performed through energy minimization using the MMFF94x force field, and the docking site was defined based on the co-crystallized ligand binding domain. Results: Docking results showed that all tested compounds had negative binding free energy values, indicating spontaneous interactions. Linoleic acid ethyl ester showed the strongest binding affinity with a docking score of –10.85 kcal/mol, followed by (9E)-9-octadecenoic acid (–10.42 kcal/mol) and 9-octadecenoic acid methyl ester (–10.20 kcal/mol). These compounds interacted with key residues in the PPARG ligand-binding domain, including Cys285, Tyr473, and His323, through hydrophobic interactions and hydrogen bonding, indicating a stable ligand–receptor complex. Conclusion: The findings of this study demonstrate that specific phytochemicals from Amorphophallus muelleri possess strong binding affinity and favorable interaction profiles with PPARG, supporting their potential relevance in the molecular mechanism underlying PCOS therapy.

The Association of Deep versus Minimal Neuromuscular Blockade with Surgical Conditions and Postoperative Pulmonary Complications: A Systematic Review Febrina Sintari Caniago; Rudy Kurniawan Putra
The International Journal of Medical Science and Health Research Vol. 18 No. 10 (2025): The International Journal of Medical Science and Health Research
Publisher : International Medical Journal Corp. Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70070/ggyeps78

INTRODUCTION: The optimal depth of neuromuscular blockade (NMB) for surgical procedures remains a subject of significant clinical debate. Deep NMB (DNMB) is hypothesized to improve intraoperative surgical conditions, particularly in minimally invasive surgery. However, its association with critical patient-centered outcomes, such as postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs), is uncertain, creating a gap between surgeon-centric benefits and patient-safety metrics. METHODS: A systematic review was conducted in adherence with PRISMA guidelines. We performed a systematic search of PubMed, Google Scholar, Semantic Scholar, Springer, Wiley Online Library for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in adult patients undergoing surgery. Studies comparing deep NMB (defined as Train-of-Four count 0, post-tetanic count ≥ 1) to moderate or minimal NMB (TOF count ≥ 1) were included. Primary outcomes were categorized into: (1) surgical conditions (surgical rating scales, intraoperative movement) and (2) postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs). Secondary outcomes included postoperative pain, recovery metrics, and resource utilization. Pooled data were analyzed using a random-effects model. RESULTS: A total of 20 RCTs, comprising 2,388 patients, were included. Deep NMB was associated with statistically significant improvements in surgical conditions, including a higher surgical condition score (Mean Difference: 0.52, 95% Confidence Interval [CI]: [0.37, 0.67]) and an increased rate of acceptable surgical conditions (Relative Risk: 1.19, 95% CI: [1.11, 1.27]). Furthermore, DNMB was associated with a significant reduction in the rate of intraoperative patient movement (RR: 0.19, 95% CI: [0.10, 0.33]). In contrast, there was no sufficient evidence that DNMB was associated with a reduction in the incidence of composite PPCs or serious adverse events (SAEs) (Peto Odds Ratio: 0.90, 95% CI: [0.56, 1.42]). DNMB was associated with a significant reduction in immediate postoperative pain in the PACU and at 24 hours, but not at 48 hours. No significant differences were found for duration of surgery or total length of hospital stay. DISCUSSION: The findings reveal a clear divergence between surgeon-centric and patient-centric outcomes. The benefits of DNMB are primarily related to optimization of the surgical field. The lack of an independent association with PPCs suggests that pulmonary outcomes are not dictated by intraoperative NMB depth, but rather by the avoidance of postoperative residual neuromuscular blockade (RNMB). The observed PPC benefit in some literature is likely a confounding artifact of the required use of sugammadex for reversal of DNMB, which is independently associated with a lower risk of RNMB and PPCs compared to neostigmine. CONCLUSION: Deep NMB is a significantly effective strategy for improving surgical conditions and reducing intraoperative patient movement, which may also provide a transient postoperative pain benefit. However, it should not be employed with the primary expectation of reducing postoperative pulmonary complications. The prevention of PPCs is more directly related to complete neuromuscular reversal, verified by quantitative monitoring, rather than the intraoperative depth of blockade.

The Temporal and Bidirectional Relationship Between Low Back Pain and Mental Health Disorders: A Systematic Review and Synthesis of Longitudinal Evidence Tri Sandy Wibawa Mukti; Allan Yudhiatmoko; Eka Puji Lestari
The International Journal of Medical Science and Health Research Vol. 18 No. 11 (2025): The International Journal of Medical Science and Health Research
Publisher : International Medical Journal Corp. Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70070/cksrnb91

Introduction: Low back pain (LBP) is the leading global cause of disability. Its comorbidity with mental health disorders (MHDs) such as depression and anxiety is highly prevalent, complicating treatment and worsening prognosis. However, the temporal direction of this relationship remains ambiguous in cross-sectional literature. This systematic review synthesizes longitudinal evidence to clarify the bidirectional relationship between LBP and MHDs. Methods: A systematic review was conducted following PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. PubMed, Google Scholar, Semantic Scholar, Springer, Wiley Online Library databases were searched for prospective cohort studies published between January 1990 and December 2024. Inclusion was restricted to longitudinal studies assessing the bidirectional link: (1) baseline MHDs predicting new-onset LBP, or (2) baseline LBP predicting new-onset MHDs. Risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). Results: Fifteen longitudinal studies met the inclusion criteria. The evidence confirms a significant bidirectional relationship. (1) Meta-analysis data from included reviews demonstrate that baseline depressive symptoms significantly increase the risk of developing new-onset LBP (pooled OR = 1.59; 95% CI 1.26–2.01) (Pinheiro et al., 2015). (2) Conversely, baseline chronic LBP (CLBP) prospectively predicts the onset of depression (OR = 1.28; 95% CI 1.01-1.61) (Dickson et al., 2022) and dysthymia (HR = 1.53) (Schmaling and Nounou, 2018). Comorbid MHDs are significant prognostic indicators for worse LBP outcomes, including higher pain intensity (P=0.11), greater disability (P=0.16), and poorer recovery (RR=0.91) (Pinheiro et al., 2016). Discussion: The synthesis of longitudinal evidence confirms a reciprocal, prognostically significant relationship. This comorbidity is not incidental but is underpinned by shared neurobiological pathways, including monoaminergic system disruption (serotonin, norepinephrine), Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) axis dysregulation, and neuroplastic changes in shared brain regions (e.g., anterior cingulate cortex, prefrontal cortex). The findings mandate a shift from a purely biomedical to an integrated biopsychosocial (BPS) model of care. Conclusion: The relationship between LBP and MHDs is bidirectional and significant. We recommend the implementation of routine, integrated screening protocols and multidisciplinary treatment pathways to address this comorbidity, as treating either condition in isolation is likely to be ineffective.

A Re-evaluation of the Association Between Helicobacter pylori Infection and Pediatric Recurrent Abdominal Pain: A Systematic Review of Organic Versus Functional Etiologies Rizqi Primasane Hariyani; Jauhari Tri Wasisto; Trini Handayani
The International Journal of Medical Science and Health Research Vol. 18 No. 11 (2025): The International Journal of Medical Science and Health Research
Publisher : International Medical Journal Corp. Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70070/p8497c76

Introduction: The association between Helicobacter pylori infection and Recurrent Abdominal Pain (RAP) in children is a subject of long-standing, significant controversy. While numerous studies in hospital-based settings report a significant link, major practice guidelines conclude no association exists for functional abdominal pain. This systematic review aims to resolve this conflict by synthesizing the evidence through the distinct frameworks of organic versus functional gastrointestinal disease. Methods: This review adheres to the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. A systematic search of PubMed, Google Scholar, Semantic Scholar, Springer, Wiley Online Library was conducted for studies published from 1995 to 2025. Observational (cross-sectional, case-control, cohort) studies, randomized controlled trials (RCTs), and meta-analyses comparing H. pylori-positive and H. pylori-negative pediatric patients (<18 years) with RAP or functional abdominal pain disorders (FAPDs) were included. Study quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for observational studies. Results: Eighteen primary studies, including four meta-analyses, met the inclusion criteria. The evidence was highly stratified by study setting. A key meta-analysis demonstrated a statistically significant and strong association between H. pylori and abdominal pain in hospital-based studies (Pooled Odds Ratio 2.87; 95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 1.62–5.09). This was supported by hospital-based cohorts reporting that 100% of H. pylori-positive RAP patients had organic gastritis and 80% experienced symptom resolution post-eradication. Conversely, the same meta-analysis found no association in population-based studies (Pooled OR 0.99; 95% CI: 0.46–2.11). This null finding was confirmed by large, population-based studies and meta-analyses specific to FAPDs like Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS), which found no significant link. Discussion: The "controversy" in the literature is identified as a "lumping fallacy," wherein studies fail to differentiate between two distinct clinical entities: (1) organic RAP caused by H. pylori-induced gastritis/PUD, and (2) true, Rome IV-defined FAPD, a disorder of gut-brain interaction. The significant findings (OR 2.87) represent the subset of children with organic disease, while the null findings (OR 0.99) represent the larger FAPD population where H. pylori is an incidental finding. Conclusion: The association between H. pylori and pediatric RAP is significant, but only within the specific subgroup of children whose pain is a clinical manifestation of H. pylori-driven organic gastroduodenal pathology. H. pylori infection is not associated with true functional abdominal pain. Clinical practice must, therefore, be guided by rigorous triage using "red flag" symptoms to differentiate patients who require organic workup (including H. pylori testing) from those who require FAPD management.

The Influence of Elderly With Chronic Diseases On Cognitive Function Disorders Using MoCA INA at the Getasan District Elderly Posyandu Arninta Rahma Khoirunnisa; Rufaida Amaturrohman
The International Journal of Medical Science and Health Research Vol. 18 No. 11 (2025): The International Journal of Medical Science and Health Research
Publisher : International Medical Journal Corp. Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70070/87s6nc92

Populations at risk of dementia, such as the elderly, people with chronic diseases (hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia, and stroke), and a family history of senility, require early detection of dementia. People with chronic diseases need cognitive function screening to determine the future risk of dementia. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between the elderly with chronic diseases and cognitive function disorders using the MoCA-INA screening. This type of research used a cross-sectional study design using multivariate analysis with binary logistic regression to determine the correlation between variables. The results of the data analysis showed that there was a significant difference with respect to hypertension, diabetes mellitus, or both, age, gender, and education level (Elementary School and Junior High School). It was concluded that elderly individuals who have chronic diseases can affect cognitive function, resulting in a status of mild cognitive impairment.

The Prognostic Impact of Smoking Status, Cessation, and Anticoagulation-Interaction on Adverse Outcomes in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation: A Systematic Review Siti Tari Salsa
The International Journal of Medical Science and Health Research Vol. 18 No. 12 (2025): The International Journal of Medical Science and Health Research
Publisher : International Medical Journal Corp. Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70070/38tkmw77

Introduction: Atrial fibrillation (AF) and tobacco smoking represent two of the most significant and concurrent global health burdens. While smoking is an established risk factor for the development of incident AF, its prognostic impact following an AF diagnosis has remained controversial, particularly regarding thromboembolic risk (Zhu, Guo, & Hong, 2016). This systematic review synthesizes the evidence on the association between smoking status (current, former, and cessation) and a comprehensive range of adverse outcomes in patients with established AF. Methods: A systematic review was conducted adhering to PRISMA guidelines. The Cochrane Library, PubMed, and Embase databases were searched for observational studies (cohort or case-control) and meta-analyses evaluating the prognostic impact of smoking in patients with a confirmed AF diagnosis. Methodological quality and risk of bias for all included non-randomized studies were rigorously assessed using the 9-star Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) (Wells et al., 2000). Results: A total of 17 high-quality observational studies, including large national cohorts and one key meta-analysis, were included. The evidence was consistent and significant that persistent smoking is associated with increased all-cause mortality (Relative Risk 1.82, 95% CI 1.33–2.49) (Zhu, Guo, & Hong, 2016) and cardiovascular death (RR 1.54, 95% CI 1.31–1.81) (Zhu, Guo, & Hong, 2016). Smoking was also a significant predictor of major bleeding (RR 1.93, 95% CI 1.08–3.47) (Zhu, Guo, & Hong, 2016) and AF recurrence post-catheter ablation (RR 3.19, 95% CI 1.23–8.27) (Okutucu et al., 2010). The association with stroke was contradictory (the "stroke paradox"); a major meta-analysis found no significant link (RR 1.19, 95% CI 0.97–1.46) (Zhu, Guo, & Hong, 2016), while large cohort studies, particularly those in Vitamin K Antagonist (VKA)-treated populations, reported a significant risk (Adjusted Hazard Ratio 1.64–1.66) (Lee et al., 2021; Nakagawa et al., 2015). Critically, smoking cessation after AF diagnosis was associated with a rapid and significant risk reduction for ischemic stroke (aHR 0.702, 95% CI 0.595–0.827) and all-cause death (aHR 0.842, 95% CI 0.748–0.948) compared to persistent smokers (Lee et al., 2021). Discussion: The data confirm that persistent smoking is a major driver of mortality, major bleeding, and interventional failure in AF patients. The "stroke paradox" is likely not a true null effect but a signal of confounding, specifically an interaction with VKA (e.g., warfarin) therapy, where smoking is known to disrupt anticoagulation control (Nakagawa et al., 2015). This risk may be attenuated in the modern era of Direct Oral Anticoagulants (DOACs). Conclusion: Persistent smoking is unequivocally associated with a severe adverse prognostic profile in patients with AF. Smoking cessation provides a rapid, substantial, and quantifiable prognostic benefit—reducing stroke and mortality risk—and must be considered a critical, non-negotiable therapeutic intervention on par with anticoagulation and rhythm control.

Elevating Cardiac Rehabilitation: A Literature Review of High-Intensity Interval Training's Superior Efficacy in Patients with Heart Failure Farid Fauzi A M
The International Journal of Medical Science and Health Research Vol. 18 No. 12 (2025): The International Journal of Medical Science and Health Research
Publisher : International Medical Journal Corp. Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70070/krhcdt47

INTRODUCTION Heart failure (HF) represents a global epidemic, characterized by profound morbidity, mortality, and escalating healthcare costs (Savarese and Lund, 2022). Exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is a Class 1 recommendation for stable HF patients, yet the optimal exercise prescription remains a subject of intense debate (Pelliccia et al., 2024). This systematic review evaluates the efficacy of High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) against the traditional standard of care, Moderate-Intensity Continuous Training (MICT), for improving key clinical outcomes in this population. METHODS A comprehensive search of electronic databases (e.g., PubMed, Embase, Cochrane CENTRAL) was performed to identify all randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing supervised HIIT to MICT in patients with heart failure (Li et al., 2024). The primary outcome was cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2peak). Secondary outcomes included left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), functional capacity (6-Minute Walk Test, 6MWT), and quality of life (Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire, MLHFQ) (Li et al., 2024). Data were pooled using a random-effects model. LITERATURE REVIEW The quantitative synthesis of 13 eligible RCTs (n=411) demonstrated a clear and significant advantage for HIIT in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) (Gomes Neto et al., 2018). Compared to MICT, HIIT was statistically superior for improving the primary outcome of VO2peak (Mean Difference = 1.78 mL/kg/min; 95% CI: 0.80–2.76). Furthermore, HIIT demonstrated statistically significant superiority across all key secondary outcomes: LVEF (MD = 3.13; 95% CI: 1.25–5.02), 6MWT distance (MD = 28.13 meters; 95% CI: 14.56–41.70), and MLHFQ scores (MD = -4.45; 95% CI: -6.25 to -2.64). Critically, subgroup analyses confirm HIIT's superiority remains even in isocaloric protocols, though its benefits appear greatest in long-interval (e.g., 4-minute) protocols. This body of evidence conflicts with findings from large multicenter trials (e.g., SMARTEX-HF), a discrepancy this review analyzes and attributes to critical failures in protocol adherence. CONCLUSION The aggregated evidence confirms that HIIT provides statistically and clinically significant advantages over traditional MICT for improving cardiorespiratory fitness, cardiac function, functional capacity, and quality of life in patients with HFrEF. This effect is protocol-dependent and strongest with long-interval HIIT. The "negative" findings in some large RCTs appear to be artifacts of poor implementation and adherence rather than a failure of the modality itself. These robust findings support the integration of supervised HIIT as a primary training modality within CR programs for HFrEF.

Page 37 of 53 | Total Record : 529

35 36 37 38 39

Filter by Year

2022 2026

Filter By Issues

Home Page

OAI Link

Editorial Team

Contact

Reviewer

Google Scholar

Contact Name
Indra Hadi

Contact Email
profesionaljournalmedicine@gmail.com

Phone
-

Journal Mail Official
pt.internationalmedicaljournal@gmail.com

Editorial Address
Equity Tower. 49th Floor. Sudirman Street. Special Region of Jakarta, Indonesia

Location
Kota adm. jakarta selatan,

Dki jakarta

INDONESIA

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Home Page

OAI Link

Editorial Team

Contact

Reviewer

Google Scholar

Contact Name Indra Hadi

Contact Email profesionaljournalmedicine@gmail.com

Phone -

Journal Mail Official pt.internationalmedicaljournal@gmail.com

Editorial Address Equity Tower. 49th Floor. Sudirman Street. Special Region of Jakarta, Indonesia

Location Kota adm. jakarta selatan, Dki jakarta INDONESIA

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Contact Name
Indra Hadi

Contact Email
profesionaljournalmedicine@gmail.com

Phone
-

Journal Mail Official
pt.internationalmedicaljournal@gmail.com

Editorial Address
Equity Tower. 49th Floor. Sudirman Street. Special Region of Jakarta, Indonesia

Location
Kota adm. jakarta selatan,

Dki jakarta

INDONESIA