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Muhammad Nizar
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muhammad.nizar@serambimekkah.ac.id
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serambiengineering@serambimekkah.ac.id
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Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Serambi Mekkah Jalan Unmuha, Batoh, Telp. (0651) 26160 dan (0651) 22471 Banda Aceh, Indonesia
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INDONESIA
Serambi Engineering
Published by Universitas Serambi Mekkah Aceh
ISSN : 25283561     EISSN : 25411934     DOI : http://doi.org/10.32672/jse
Core Subject : Science, Social, Engineering,
Earth & Planetary Sciences Energy Engineering Environmental Science Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering
The Serambi Engineering journal is published as a medium to distribute information on research results in engineering and science, both carried out by lecturers from the Serambi Mekkah University and other parties. Published research can be in the form of field research or laboratory research as well as a literature review. This journal is published four times yearly, namely January, April, July, and October. Editors accept manuscripts from lecturers, researchers, students, and practitioners that have never been published by any other media. Manuscripts submitted will be evaluated and edited for uniformity of format, terms, and other procedures. The topics that can be published but are not limited to are: Water & Waste Water Quality Solid Waste Management Air Pollution Control Environmental Health Environmental Modeling Environmental Management Water Resources Management Occupational Health & Safety Ecology Renewable Energy Circular Economics Sustainable Development Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation Climate Change and Water Resources Adaptation Urban Planning Informatics Computer and Technology Industrial Engineering Other .
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Lingkungan (semua ketegori) - Teknik Lingkungan
Articles 964 Documents
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Studi Pemanfaatan Abu Ampas Tebu Sebagai Substitusi Parsial Semen Pada Campuran Bahan Pembentuk Mortar Untuk Pekerjaan Sipil Hakim, Abdul
Jurnal Serambi Engineering Vol. 10 No. 4 (2025): Oktober 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Serambi Mekkah

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Abstract

Some waste has the potential to cause pollution, but there is waste that is useful as a mortar mixture, namely sugar cane bagasse ash (AAT). This study aims to determine the chemical composition of SBA and its suitability as a material for reducing cement content in the mortar formation process. Laboratory tests, including chemical composition tests, XRD, and SEM, were conducted to determine the morphological structure of SBA and mortar. Additionally, physical tests were conducted on the mortar-forming materials to verify whether they met the standards. Furthermore, mortar samples with SBA content of 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, and 25% SBA content, with dimensions of 5x5x5 cm³, were prepared for compressive strength testing at 7, 14, and 28 days, and with a diameter of 7.5 cm and length of 15 cm for splitting tensile strength and water absorption testing at 28 days. Tensile strength and water absorption tests were conducted at 28 days. The compressive strength test results showed that mortar with 5% SBA content had the highest compressive strength and split tensile strength at 28 days, specifically 22.26 MPa and 4.48 MPa, representing increases of 29.02% and 13.71% from mortar with 0% SBA. Meanwhile, the results of the water absorption test showed that the 5% SBA mortar had the lowest water absorption rate, which was 8.59%.
Potential Study of Hazardous Waste Sludge Recycle for Substituting the Supporting Raw Material in Fertilizer Manufacturing Awidi, Saraswati Sinti; Temmy Wikaningrum
Jurnal Serambi Engineering Vol. 10 No. 4 (2025): Oktober 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Serambi Mekkah

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Abstract

Waste water treatment facilities (WWTP) are producing a rising amount of sludge, which poses serious disposal and environmental issues. The purpose of this study is to investigate the possibility of using WWTP sludge in place of filler materials while making NPK fertilizer. Significant levels of vital elements, including nitrogen (N), phosphorous (P), and potassium (K), which are crucial for fertilizer quality, were found in the sludge after a thorough physical and chemical analysis. A comparative assessment was performed between the WWTP sludge and standard clay filler materials to evaluate compliance with Indonesian National Standard (SNI) 2803:2024 for solid NPK fertilizers. Experimental mixing trials identified the optimal sludge-to-clay ratio as 60:40, which produced fertilizer granules with acceptable physical properties, homogeneity, and nutrient content that met the SNI requirements. This study shows that using WWTP sludge as a filler in fertilizer manufacture has major financial advantages in addition to supporting resource recovery and sustainable waste management. The study promotes the use of sewage reuse in fertilizer production as a creative way to solve environmental issues and boost industrial productivity.
The Power of Strong Aroma: The Effects Of Ambient Scent on Traditional Kapurung Food for Customer Impulsive Buying Fajri, Nofias
Jurnal Serambi Engineering Vol. 10 No. 4 (2025): Oktober 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Serambi Mekkah

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Abstract

The development of the food UMKM sector has an important role in economic growth. Indonesia has a variety of traditional foods from various regions such as Kapurung. Public interest in traditional foods has decreased because of the tendency of people to consume modern foods that have a more appetizing aroma. The purpose of this study was to create a valid and reliable model that can represent scent ambient on impulsive buying behavior. The data analysis method used the Structural Equation Model PLS method. The results obtained in this study contained one initial hypothesis used in the development of 25 scent ambient items with 70 consumer respondents at the Pugalu Kapurung stall. The time spent (TS) indicator is an indicator that has a significant influence on impulsive buying behavior (IB) with a path coefficient value of 0.795, while the scent ambient variable significantly affects impulsive buying behavior with a path coefficient value of 0.539. The scent ambient variable is influenced by the scent intensity sub variable with a path coefficient value of 0.317. The stimulating indicator has a significant influence on scent intensity with a path coefficient value of 0.153.
Strategi Optimalisasi Spray Dryer pada Pembuatan Kopi Instan dengan Response Surface Methodology Khairol Mizan Us; Mawardi, Indra; Hanif
Jurnal Serambi Engineering Vol. 10 No. 4 (2025): Oktober 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Serambi Mekkah

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Abstract

Instant coffee is one of the products produced from the drying process using a spray dryer. The quality of instant coffee is usually influenced by many variables, especially the drying temperature. This study aims to evaluate the effect of the upper and lower temperatures of the spray dryer on three product quality parameters, namely yield, moisture content, and solubility, using the Response Surface Methodology (RSM) approach. Determination of optimal operating conditions needs to be done through a multi-response approach to obtain the best balance between high yield, low moisture content, and maximum solubility. The research method used the Box-Behnken Design (BBD) with 15 experimental runs. The variables varied were the upper temperature (150-220 °C), the lower temperature (50-100 °C), and the concentration of maltodextrin (0-30%). The observed responses included yield, moisture content, and solubility. The modelling results showed that the combination of upper and lower temperatures had a significant effect on product quality. The optimum conditions were obtained at an upper temperature of 164.496°C, a lower temperature of 100°C, and a maltodextrin concentration of 30%, with a yield of 91.214%, a moisture content of 0.698%, a solubility of 89.665%, and a desirability value of 0.711.
Designing of Temporary Waste Storage for Household Waste in the Implementation of the 5S Method at PT X West Java Ginting, Cindy; Yunita Ismail
Jurnal Serambi Engineering Vol. 10 No. 4 (2025): Oktober 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Serambi Mekkah

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Abstract

Effective and standard-compliant household waste management is a challenge for the industry. PT X, a vehicle tire manufacturer, produces both industrial and household waste. Despite having a good management system, waste is still temporarily stored in open areas without separation, causing soil contamination, odors, and complaints from external parties. This study aims to calculate the waste generation and volume based on categories to design a Temporary Waste Storage Facility that complies with national regulations and supports the implementation of the 5S method. The implementation of the 5S method will improve the household waste management system at PT X, which will reduce the risk of pollution and improve operational practices in the Household Temporary Waste Storage at PT X. Data collection was conducted over eight days through direct measurements in the field in accordance with SNI 3964:2025. The analysis results showed that waste generation consisted of 622 kg/day of residual waste, 765 kg/day of recyclable waste, and 752 kg/day of organic waste. The average daily volume recorded was 2.600 m³/day of residual waste, 3.182 m³/day of recyclable waste, and 2.088 m³/day of organic waste. Based on this data, the Temporary Waste Storage design includes a zone storage division according to waste type, loading and unloading areas, operational corridors, and Temporary Waste Storage maintenance support items.
Iron Ball Launcher Platform Control System for Impact Test at Glass Testing Laboratory Iwan Awaludin; Muhammad Rizqi Sholahuddin; Yudi Widhiyasana; Sofy Fitriani
Jurnal Serambi Engineering Vol. 10 No. 4 (2025): Oktober 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Serambi Mekkah

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Abstract

This study presents the digital transformation of a glass impact test system at the Center for Standardization and Services for the Ceramic and Non-Metallic Mineral Industry (BBK) through Industry 4.0 integration. The legacy system faced challenges including manual distance measurement, outdated safety components, mechanical momentum causing positioning inaccuracy, and inability to sequentially launch multiple iron balls. To address these, a phased approach was implemented: analysis, design, implementation, and testing of a digital control system. Key upgrades included LIDAR-based wireless distance sensing (up to 9 meters), RS-485 communication for reliable data transfer, replacement of 1980s-era fuses with modern Mini Circuit Breakers, and algorithmic compensation for mechanical delay. A microcontroller-based control system enabled automated height adjustment, mode selection per national standards, and sequential ball release. The system was tested across six height settings with five trials each, achieving an error rate below 1% in all cases. Results confirm enhanced precision, safety, and efficiency. This targeted digitalization demonstrates how Industry 4.0 technologies can modernize legacy testing equipment without full replacement, offering a cost-effective, scalable model for industrial laboratories undergoing digital transformation.
Sintesis Dan Karakteristik MgSiO3 (Amorphous) dari Bittern dan Daun Bambu Dengan Metode Presipitasi dan Ekstraksi Marela, Shanaz
Jurnal Serambi Engineering Vol. 10 No. 4 (2025): Oktober 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Serambi Mekkah

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Abstract

This study aims to synthesize and characterize amorphous magnesium silica  from bittern and bamboo leaves using precipitation and extraction methods. Bittern is used as a source of magnesium and bamboo leaf ash as a source of silica. Synthesis was carried out by varying the volume of bittern (30-90 ml) and stirring speed (200-400 rpm). Characterization was carried out using XRF and XRD. The results showed that the optimum composition was obtained at a bittern volume of 90 ml and a stirring speed of 400 rpm with as  content of 36,6% and MgO of 10,4%. The product showed an amorphous structure based on the result of XRD analysis. This study shows the potential of bittern and bamboo leaf waste as alternative raw materials for the production of amorphous magnesium silica.
An Analysis of the Carbon Footprint of On-Campus Activities at President University (Main Campus) Kurniawan, Aprilian
Jurnal Serambi Engineering Vol. 10 No. 4 (2025): Oktober 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Serambi Mekkah

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Abstract

Climate change has become a crucial environmental issue in various sectors, including educational institutions. This study aims to analyze total carbon emissions from campus activities based on Scope 1 data, which includes generator set data and campus bus operations (2023). Scope 2 consists of electricity bill data (January-December 2023) obtained from the institution. The study uses a quantitative approach with emission calculations based on secondary energy consumption data and transportation activities, as well as carbon absorption estimates based on vegetation tree species and age identification. The results show that the total carbon emissions from campus activities in 2023 can reach 969,217.03 KgCO₂/year. Meanwhile, the emission absorption capacity of existing vegetation only reaches 774,546.11 KgCO₂ per year. Thus, there are residual emissions of 194,670.92 KgCO₂ per year that are not absorbed. The carbon tax calculation of IDR 30.00 per kg of CO₂, according to the prevailing regulations in Indonesia, provides an economic picture of IDR 5,840,127.6 per year for campuses. This finding indicates that campus vegetation has not fully offset the resulting carbon footprint and serves as an important basis for developing emission mitigation strategies towards a more sustainable campus.
Design of Waste Collection Sites at President University Campus: The Principles of Reduce, Reuse, Recycle (3R) Stephanie, Inna
Jurnal Serambi Engineering Vol. 10 No. 4 (2025): Oktober 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Serambi Mekkah

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Abstract

Waste management is a critical issue in Indonesia, where most of the waste produced is still not separated for disposal and handled properly. Despite having separate waste bins, President University has not consistently implemented waste separation, making it an appropriate case study for designing a 3R-based Temporary Waste Storage Site. This study aims to calculate the volume of existing waste and design a user-friendly 3R Temporary Waste Storage Site that supports the principles of Reduce, Reuse, and Recycle on campus. This study uses a mixed methods approach, combining direct observation and measurement of waste volume in Buildings A and B for eight consecutive days in accordance with SNI 3964:2025, as well as a questionnaire survey to assess students perception, behaviors, norms, and responsibility regarding waste management. The results show that the average waste production on campus is 79.75 kg/day, dominated by inorganic waste such as plastic bottles (17.5%) and plastic food containers (16.6%), followed by paper, cardboard, and organic food waste. The proposed technical design includes separate organic, inorganic, and residual waste facilities, composting using bamboo aerators, and leachate reservoirs. This design meets Indonesian regulatory requirements, with increased sorting and processing capacity. Social analysis using multiple linear regression revealed that perception significantly influenced student responsibility in waste management (p = 0.001), while behavior and norms showed weaker effects.
Analisis Energi Surya - Angin Hibrida untuk Mendukung Sistem Pengeringan Ikan Berbasis Energi Terbarukan Nasution, Fakhruddin Ahmad; Multazam, Teuku; Sahputra , Ilham
Jurnal Serambi Engineering Vol. 10 No. 4 (2025): Oktober 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Serambi Mekkah

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Abstract

This study analyzes the potential and optimization of a solar–wind hybrid power generation system to support sustainable anchovy drying for small-scale fishermen in Ujong Blang Village, Lhokseumawe, Aceh. Field data on wind speed and air temperature were collected on September 20–21, 2025. The measurements indicate that solar energy has a more dominant contribution with an estimated production of 3.7 kWh/kWp·day, while wind energy provides only around 0.37 kWh/m²·day at an average speed of 2.93–5.29 m/s. To meet the energy demand of a 50 kg/hour fish dryer (3.8 kW), a PV capacity of 4.1 kWp is required for 4 hours of operation or 8.3 kWp for 8 hours. Meanwhile, wind energy requires relatively large turbine swept areas, making it more suitable as a complementary source. The optimal hybrid configuration positions solar PV as the primary source (70–80%), wind turbines as a secondary source (20–30%), and batteries for energy storage. The results demonstrate that a solar–wind hybrid system can enhance the reliability of renewable energy supply efficiently and sustainably to support fish drying operations.

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