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Muhammad Nizar
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muhammad.nizar@serambimekkah.ac.id
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serambiengineering@serambimekkah.ac.id
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Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Serambi Mekkah Jalan Unmuha, Batoh, Telp. (0651) 26160 dan (0651) 22471 Banda Aceh, Indonesia
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Kota banda aceh,
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INDONESIA
Serambi Engineering
Published by Universitas Serambi Mekkah Aceh
ISSN : 25283561     EISSN : 25411934     DOI : http://doi.org/10.32672/jse
Core Subject : Science, Social, Engineering,
Earth & Planetary Sciences Energy Engineering Environmental Science Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering
The Serambi Engineering journal is published as a medium to distribute information on research results in engineering and science, both carried out by lecturers from the Serambi Mekkah University and other parties. Published research can be in the form of field research or laboratory research as well as a literature review. This journal is published four times yearly, namely January, April, July, and October. Editors accept manuscripts from lecturers, researchers, students, and practitioners that have never been published by any other media. Manuscripts submitted will be evaluated and edited for uniformity of format, terms, and other procedures. The topics that can be published but are not limited to are: Water & Waste Water Quality Solid Waste Management Air Pollution Control Environmental Health Environmental Modeling Environmental Management Water Resources Management Occupational Health & Safety Ecology Renewable Energy Circular Economics Sustainable Development Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation Climate Change and Water Resources Adaptation Urban Planning Informatics Computer and Technology Industrial Engineering Other .
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Lingkungan (semua ketegori) - Teknik Lingkungan
Articles 964 Documents
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Analisa Intensitas Konsumsi Energi dan Sistem Pencahayaan pada Gedung Teknik Kimia Universitas Malikussaleh Multazam, Teuku; Maidika, Beni; Bintoro, Andik
Jurnal Serambi Engineering Vol. 10 No. 3 (2025): Juli 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Serambi Mekkah

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Abstract

Energy audits are a crucial step in energy management, providing an indication of a building's energy efficiency. This study, conducted in the Chemical Engineering Building at Malikussaleh University, aimed to evaluate electrical energy consumption by calculating energy consumption intensity (EKE), and to verify compliance with the 2020 Indonesian National Standards (SNI) for the lighting system. Data were collected through direct observation, interviews, and the analysis of documentation. The study focused on analysing lighting levels and electrical energy consumption, including calculating IKE. The results showed that lighting levels in most rooms did not meet SNI standards, with only the terrace area meeting the criteria. The building's daily energy consumption was found to be 402.8 kWh, with cooling loads accounting for the largest proportion. The IKE values for lighting and cooling on both floors of the building were below the required standard, indicating a lack of energy efficiency. The main factors influencing these results were inadequate lighting design, the use of inappropriate lamp types, and suboptimal maintenance of the lighting system. To improve energy efficiency, it is recommended that lamps are added or replaced with high-efficiency ones and that energy planning is improved based on a more comprehensive energy audit. This research contributes to improving energy efficiency in the education sector.
Etnomatematika dalam Seni Geometri Islam: Integrasi Pola Ornamen pada Rancang Bangun Arsitektur Mesjid Taqwa Lhong Raya Banda Aceh Teuku Ivan; Masdar Djamaludin; Mirza; Husnus Sawab; Safwan
Jurnal Serambi Engineering Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025): April 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Serambi Mekkah

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Abstract

The Masjid Taqwa Lhong Raya mosque in Banda Aceh is an architectural masterpiece of Islamic design. Not only is it a place of worship, it also showcases a rich blend of art and mathematical symbolism. Situated on Jalan Sultan Malikul Saleh, the mosque's beauty lies in the ornamentation of its façade and the interior design, which harmoniously integrate elements of art, geometry, and Islamic architecture. This study uses a mixed-methods approach, combining qualitative and quantitative methods, to analyse the concept of ethnomathematics in the ornamentation of Masjid Taqwa Lhong Raya. Data were collected through interviews, literature reviews, and direct observation. The findings reveal that mathematical elements such as symmetry, proportion and geometric shapes, including triangles, circles and cubes, are applied harmoniously in the mosque's structure and ornamentation. These elements possess aesthetic and functional value, as well as containing symbolic meanings that reflect a fusion of local Acehnese culture and Middle Eastern influences. These findings make a significant contribution to interdisciplinary learning, particularly in architecture and mathematics.
Kajian Perilaku Penghuni Bangunan Hunian Saat Menghadapi Gempa Banda Aceh 2004 Ulfa Mazaya; Alfikhairina Jamil; Sri Batara Nurfajri Arisaputri; Atika Aditya
Jurnal Serambi Engineering Vol. 10 No. 4 (2025): Oktober 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Serambi Mekkah

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Abstract

Indonesia is a disaster-prone country, particularly to earthquakes, which often occur suddenly and cause significant damage. This study aims to understand the behavior of residents in residential buildings during the major earthquake in Banda Aceh in 2004. The research adopts an exploratory qualitative approach, with data collected through open-ended online questionnaires. The analysis reveals various behavioral patterns during the disaster, including staying outside the building, helping others, staying inside the building, evacuating, protecting oneself, following others, heading to a building, praying, and not taking any action. Demographic factors such as age and gender influenced individual responses, especially the tendency for children to follow adults in decision-making. The findings highlight that earthquake response behaviors vary greatly, influenced by environmental, demographic, and emergency factors, and underscore the importance of building design that supports quick and safe evacuation.
Penggunaan Cerucuk Kayu Dalam Menahan Deformasi Jalan (Studi Kasus: Ruas Simpang Tiga Jalan Nasional Pulang Pisau – Desa Belanti Siam Kabupaten Pulang Pisau STA 5+150) Dimas Ardianto
Jurnal Serambi Engineering Vol. 10 No. 4 (2025): Oktober 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Serambi Mekkah

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Abstract

Road deformation at the Pulang Pisau National Road Intersection—Belanti Siam Village STA 5+150 is caused by instability of soft soil with low bearing capacity, disrupting transportation and the local economy. This study calculates the existing safety factor (SF) without reinforcement, designs reinforcement with galam wood studs, and evaluates its effectiveness. The Bishop method is used to calculate the SF, while Mochtar's (2000) theory is used to calculate the flexural strength and horizontal force of the studs. The results show an initial SF value of 1.0022, almost critical. The 4-meter-long, 10-cm-diameter galam studs can withstand lateral forces of up to 759.4 kg. To increase the SF to a minimum of 1.5, 13-14 studs per meter are required. After installation, the SF increases to 1.5283, indicating significant improvement in slope stability. Vertical stud installation with a 30 cm spacing and wet conditions are recommended to maintain the durability of the wood. Galam studs have proven to be effective and economical for reinforcing roads on soft soils, as well as environmentally friendly. This study provides technical guidance for road reinforcement using galam wood blocks.
Sintesis Selulosa Asetat Dari Limbah Sabut Siwalan (Borassus Flabellifer L) dengan Metode Emil Heuser Rohman, Irsyad Zaki; Natasya Salsabila Putri Djunaidy; Ely Kurniati
Jurnal Serambi Engineering Vol. 10 No. 4 (2025): Oktober 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Serambi Mekkah

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Abstract

Acetate cellulose is a valuable biopolymer with a variety of industrial applications, ranging from textile fibres to biodegradable plastic films. Using local biomass waste, such as palm fibre (Borassus flabellifer L.), to produce acetate cellulose offers a sustainable way to reduce dependence on imported raw materials and address organic waste issues. This study aims to synthesise cellulose acetate from palm fibre waste using the Emil Heuser method, optimising the acetylation reaction parameters to produce a product with maximum acetyl content. Synthesis was achieved by varying the volume of glacial acetic acid (30–90 ml) and the acetylation time (5–25 minutes). The acetyl content was measured using the ASTM D-871 titration method and the presence of functional groups was confirmed by FTIR spectroscopy. The highest acetyl content, 34.71%, was obtained under the optimal conditions of 90 ml of glacial acetic acid and an acetylation time of 15 minutes. FTIR analysis confirmed the presence of the characteristic C=O (1,740 cm⁻¹) and C–O (1,240 cm⁻¹) functional groups, indicating that the acetylation reaction had successfully occurred on the cellulose chain. While the resulting product was classified as cellulose monoacetate and did not meet the SNI commercial standard for cellulose triacetate, these results demonstrate the significant potential of palm fibre as a local, sustainable natural resource for producing cellulose acetate with further optimisation.
Analisis Hubungan Faktor Sosial Ekonomi dan Sebaran Tindak Kriminalitas di Jawa Barat Tahun 2024 dengan Pendekatan Statistika Spasial Hermawanti, Lisma; Dewi Kania Sari
Jurnal Serambi Engineering Vol. 10 No. 4 (2025): Oktober 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Serambi Mekkah

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Abstract

West Java Province has a population of more than 50 million people with complex socio-economic dynamics. Factors such as population density, poverty rate, open unemployment, and the Human Development Index (HDI) are suspected to influence the level of crime. According to the National Crime Information Center (2024), there were 43,616 criminal cases in West Java with a crime rate of 86.63 per 100,000 population. This study aims to analyze the relationship between socio-economic factors and crime distribution in West Java in 2024 using a spatial statistics approach, namely Global Moran’s I, Local Indicator of Spatial Association (LISA), and Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression. The results show that crime distribution tends to be random, with weak clusters in urban areas. The OLS analysis reveals that among the four independent variables, only HDI has a positive and significant effect on crime, while population density, poverty, and open unemployment are not significant. These findings indicate that higher human development is not always associated with a reduction in crime, particularly in urban areas with intensive socio-economic activities.
Proses Adsorpsi Amonia dengan Karbon Aktif dari Cangkang Kelapa Sawit (Palm Shell) Teraktivasi H2SO4 Wahyudi WR, Afit Sri; Dwi Oktaviani, Erika
Jurnal Serambi Engineering Vol. 10 No. 4 (2025): Oktober 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Serambi Mekkah

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Abstract

Activated carbon is a porous material that has a high surface area capable of adsorbing various substances. The process of making activated carbon uses palm oil shell biomass waste with a carbonization method and is activated using H2SO4. Activated carbon is used as an adsorbent in the Ammonia (NH3) adsorption process. Variations in the adsorption process were used, namely, H2SO4 activation concentration (5, 10, 15 and 20%) and adsorption contact time for (15, 30, 45, and 60 minutes). The optimum adsorption capacity of 12.97% was shown in the activated carbon adsorbent activated by 20% H2SO4 with a contact time of 30 minutes. The optimum result of reducing the NH3 concentration from 100 ppm to 50 ppm occurred at 15 and 20% activation with a contact time of 60 minutes. Variations in activation concentration and contact time affect the adsorption capacity so that NH3 can be absorbed by activated carbon.
Pengolahan Air Sungai Musi Menggunakan Nanopartikel Perak dari Eceng Gondok (Eichhornia Crassipes) dengan Alat Filtrasi Sederhana Yudesta, Prayoga
Jurnal Serambi Engineering Vol. 10 No. 4 (2025): Oktober 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Serambi Mekkah

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Abstract

Water pollution is a significant global environmental challenge caused by domestic, industrial, and agricultural waste containing hazardous pollutants such as heavy metals and pathogenic microorganisms. Conventional water treatment methods often have limitations and produce hazardous byproducts. Therefore, this study proposes an innovative approach using silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) synthesized in an environmentally friendly manner from water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) as a more environmentally friendly and sustainable alternative. The best AgNPs were found at a ratio of 2:8 with an incubation time of 120 hours, producing a wavelength of 439 nm, which indicates the optimal particle size for water treatment. The application of these optimal AgNPs in Musi River water treatment was evaluated based on BOD, COD, TSS, pH, and TDS parameters with varying operating times (10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 minutes). The results showed that a contact time of 30 minutes provided optimal water treatment efficiency, meeting the drinking water quality standards in accordance with Government Regulation No. 22 of 2021. The BOD value decreased to 1.9 mg/L (from 6.3 mg/L), COD to 8 mg/L (from 35 mg/L), TSS to 37 mg/L (from 78 mg/L), pH stabilized at 7.1 (from 6.3), and TDS to 561 mg/L (from 1230 mg/L).
Penentuan Tarif Pengiriman Kargo Menggunakan Metode Biaya Operasional Kendaraan Pada PT.XYZ Vicky, Agnes
Jurnal Serambi Engineering Vol. 10 No. 4 (2025): Oktober 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Serambi Mekkah

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Abstract

PT. XYZ is a company engaged in the transportation and logistics sector. One of PT. XYZ’s business operations focuses on cargo delivery services. However, the company has not yet established an official cargo delivery tariff. The accuracy of tariff determination is a crucial element in making decisions for the company’s growth. Errors in setting the tariff can have fatal consequences for the company: if the tariff is set too high, customers may switch to competitors; on the other hand, if the tariff is set too low, the company may suffer losses. This study aims to determine cargo delivery tariffs using the vehicle operational cost method at PT. XYZ. The vehicle operational cost method can be applied to set tariffs with the goal of generating profit. The research results show that there are nine round-trip cargo delivery routes, namely: Makassar ↔ Bone: Rp. 564/kg, Bone ↔ Parepare: Rp. 626/kg, Bone ↔ Wonomulyo: Rp. 679/kg, Makassar ↔ Bulukumba: Rp. 533/kg, Bulukumba ↔ Sengkang: Rp. 672/kg, Makassar ↔ Sengkang: Rp. 568/kg, Makassar ↔ Parepare: Rp. 540/kg, Makassar ↔ Pinrang: Rp. 554/kg, Makassar ↔ Palu: Rp. 1,407/kg
Optimasi Pengaruh Konsentrasi Pelarut NaOH dan Ukuran Partikel Abu Pada Silica Dioksida (Sio2) dari Sekam Padi dengan Response Surface Methodology Hardy, Krisna Jonata
Jurnal Serambi Engineering Vol. 10 No. 4 (2025): Oktober 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Serambi Mekkah

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Abstract

Silicon dioxide (SiO₂) is a high-value compound with various industrial applications, particularly as an adsorbent. Rice husk, an abundant agricultural byproduct, contains a high concentration of SiO₂, making it a promising alternative raw material. This study aims to determine the optimal conditions for silica extraction from rice husk ash using an alkaline extraction method. The variables examined were NaOH concentration (2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 M) and rice husk ash particle size (30, 50, 150, and 200 mesh). The response analysis focused on water absorption capacity, while process optimization was carried out using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The results showed that the optimum condition was achieved at 4 M NaOH concentration and 100-mesh particle size. Under this condition, the obtained silica exhibited a water absorption capacity of 808.32 mg/g, indicating high SiO₂ quality as reflected by its optimal adsorption capacity. The RSM optimization confirmed the high validity of the model, with good agreement between experimental and predicted data, demonstrating that this method is effective and reliable for producing high-quality silica from rice husk waste.

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