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Hamdan Arief Hanif
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INDONESIA
Sahaja : Journal Sharia and Humanities
Published by Universitas Darunnajah
ISSN : 29647096     EISSN : 28299396     DOI : https://doi.org/10.61159/sahaja.v3i1.174
Core Subject : Religion, Humanities, Social,
Religion Humanities Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice
Sahaja specifications in the discourse of Sharia and Humanities. Sahaja invites scholars, researchers, and students to contribute the result of their studies and researches in the areas related. That aims to encourage and promote the study of the sharia and humanities from a wide range of scholarly perspectives. The journal focuses on Sharia and Humanities. It covers the studies of Sharia and Humanities accros different areas in the world (The Middle East, The West, Archipelago and other areas), Methodology of Sharia and Humanities. This journal warmly welcomes to any contributions from scholars of the related disciplines.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Hukum
Articles 102 Documents
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Legal Analysis of Online Loan Interest Rates from the Perspective of Law No. 5 of 1999 on the Prohibition of Monopolistic Practices and Unfair Competition Trinah Asi Islami; Meirza Aulia Chairani
Sahaja: Journal Sharia and Humanities Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026): Sahaja: Journal Sharia and Humanities
Publisher : Universitas Darunnajah Jakarta, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61159/sahaja.v5i1.794

Abstract

This study analyzes the regulation of online loan interest rates from the perspective of Law No. 5 of 1999 on the Prohibition of Monopolistic Practices and Unfair Business Competition, with a focus on KPPU Decision No. 05/KPPU-I/2025, which found that 97 fintech lending operators violated Article 5(1)(a) through collective price-fixing practices via the Indonesian Joint Funding Fintech Association (AFPI). Using a normative legal research method with a statutory approach and a conceptual approach, this study evaluates the alignment between OJK sector regulations (POJK No. 77/2016 as amended by POJK No. 40/2024) and KPPU competition law. Key findings indicate that the AFPI’s interest rate arrangement (from 1% to 0.3% per day) satisfies both subjective (horizontal agreements through meetings and digital communication) and objective (market distortion: 95% price uniformity, 27% reduction in innovation, 62% entry barriers) elements. A structural legal conflict arises between the OJK’s consumer protection mandate and the KPPU’s market competition mandate, creating regulatory arbitrage where sector compliance constitutes a horizontal violation. A comparative analysis confirms that vertical regulatory models (India-RBI, UK-FCA) are more effective than AFPI’s self-regulation. Critical discussions highlight the regulatory paradox: the intent to protect consumers actually hinders market efficiency and credit access for the unbanked segment. The study recommends systemic reforms, including vertical regulation by the OJK, an OJK-KPPU joint task force, repositioning the AFPI’s functions as soft law, and harmonizing Law No. 4/2023 on the Development and Strengthening of the Financial Sector (P2SK Law) with Law No. 5/1999 (Anti-Monopoly Law). This case sets a precedent that the state regulator has exclusive authority over price setting in the platform economy, while also serving as a momentum for the transition from self-regulation to convergent oversight for a sustainable fintech ecosystem.
Copyright Of Communal Cultural E Copyright Of Communal Cultural Expressions From An Indonesian Legal Perspective: An Analysis Of Supreme Court Decision No. 591 K/Pdt.Sus-Hki/2024 Anik Tri Haryani; Retno Catur Kusuma Dewi
Sahaja: Journal Sharia and Humanities Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026): Sahaja: Journal Sharia and Humanities
Publisher : Universitas Darunnajah Jakarta, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61159/sahaja.v5i1.796

Abstract

Supreme Court Decision No. 591 K/Pdt.Sus-HKI/2024 marks a significant milestone in the legal protection of communal cultural expressions (EBK) in Indonesia. This case involved the copyright registration of the Human Personal Symbol by an individual, which was deemed unlawful because the symbol is part of the Sapta Darma religious teachings and constitutes collective cultural heritage. The Court ruled that the symbol cannot be claimed as an exclusive personal right, as it lacks the element of personal originality and possesses spiritual significance. This study employs a normative legal methodology with a legislative and case law analysis approach to examine the extent to which positive law protects CCE from individual claims. The research findings indicate that Law No. 28 of 2014 on Copyright explicitly protects traditional cultural expressions as state property and cannot be transferred to individuals. This ruling has significant implications for the development of a communal intellectual property registration system, the protection of collective moral rights, and the importance of indigenous communities’ involvement in legal processes. In conclusion, the state needs to strengthen a legal system that prioritizes cultural justice and the protection of communal rights so that the nation’s cultural heritage is not eroded by individual interests.
Integration of Local Wisdom and The Existence of Customary Law in Climate Change Mitigation Policies Sigit Sapto Nugroho; Angga Pramodya Pradhana
Sahaja: Journal Sharia and Humanities Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026): Sahaja: Journal Sharia and Humanities
Publisher : Universitas Darunnajah Jakarta, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61159/sahaja.v5i1.797

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the integration of local wisdom and the existence of customary law in climate change mitigation policies. The method used is normative juridical with an analytical and philosophical approach, through a review of laws and regulations, scientific literature, and previous research. The results show that local wisdom and customary law have a significant contribution to maintaining ecosystem balance and supporting climate change mitigation policies. However, their integration into policies remains normative and has not been accompanied by strengthening customary institutions. This study also found disharmony between customary law and state law and the challenges of modernization that weaken the existence of traditional values. Therefore, substantive legal recognition, strengthening customary institutions, and a collaborative approach (co-governance) are needed to optimize the role of indigenous communities in inclusive, adaptive, and sustainable climate change mitigation policies.
The Relevance Of Marriage Regulation In The Indonesian Civil Code To The Development Of National Marriage Law Dermina Dalimunthe; Nasruddin Khalil Harahap; Nur Azizah; Sawaluddin Siregar
Sahaja: Journal Sharia and Humanities Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026): Sahaja: Journal Sharia and Humanities
Publisher : Universitas Darunnajah Jakarta, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61159/sahaja.v5i1.798

Abstract

This study systematically examines the level of relevance of marriage regulations in the Indonesian Civil Code (Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Perdata) to the development of national marriage law and its implications for legal harmonization and legal certainty. The analysis focuses on the paradigm shift in legal regulation following the enactment of Law Number 1 of 1974 on Marriage and the position of the Civil Code within the Indonesian positive legal system. This research is a normative legal study employing statutory, conceptual, and historical approaches. The analysis is conducted through a systematic review of the hierarchy of laws and regulations, the principle of lex specialis derogat legi generali, and the principle of normative harmonization within the national legal system. This study also applies a normative juridical approach by examining statutory regulations, legal doctrines, and relevant court decisions. The findings indicate a paradigm shift from a secular-contractual model toward a religious-administrative model. The Civil Code no longer serves as the primary legal framework governing marriage but instead functions in a residual and complementary capacity, insofar as it does not conflict with the Marriage Law. Normative harmonization through systematic interpretation is therefore essential to ensure consistency and legal certainty in judicial practice.
Beyond Human Rivals: Emotional Attachment to Artificial Intelligence as A Non-Human Third Party in Marriage Under Islamic Family Law Husnul Hotimah; Habib Al Rahman; Naser Ali Abdulghani
Sahaja: Journal Sharia and Humanities Vol. 5 No. 2 (2026): Sahaja: Journal Sharia and Humanities ( In Press)
Publisher : Universitas Darunnajah Jakarta, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61159/7emm7p94

Abstract

The rapid development of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has transformed patterns of human–technology interaction, as conversational systems now deliver personalised, adaptive, and seemingly empathic responses. This development has given rise to emotional attachment, namely an affective bond that users form with AI. In the context of marriage, the phenomenon raises a new legal and ethical problem because AI may take over part of the functions of affection, emotional support, and communication that have traditionally belonged to the husband–wife relationship. This study aims to analyse emotional attachment to AI and to examine whether AI can be positioned as a non-human third party in marriage from the perspective of Islamic family law. The study employs normative legal research with conceptual, philosophical, and statute approaches, drawing on the Qur'an, hadith, Indonesian marriage legislation, and recent peer-reviewed literature. The findings show that emotional attachment to AI produces a new pattern of emotional closeness that resembles human interpersonal relationships. Although AI is neither human nor a legal subject, its presence can reshape the quality of the spousal bond; it can therefore be understood functionally as a non-human third party. An analysis based on maqasid al-usrah (the objectives of the family) indicates that the phenomenon should be assessed according to its actual effects on the preservation of sakinah (tranquillity), mawaddah (affection), ra?mah (compassion), and family resilience. The study concludes that the concept of the third party in Islamic family law should be reconstructed from an ontological to a functional criterion.
Problematika Penjatuhan Pidana Pengawasan dalam Sistem Pemidanaan Menurut Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 2023 Yusri Zebua; Edwar Kelvin; Rian Rusmana Putra
Sahaja: Journal Sharia and Humanities Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026): Sahaja: Journal Sharia and Humanities
Publisher : Universitas Darunnajah Jakarta, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61159/xbfr8a78

Abstract

Penelitian ini menganalisis problematika penjatuhan pidana pengawasan dalam sistem pemidanaan berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 2023 tentang KUHP. Pidana pengawasan merupakan alternatif terhadap pidana penjara yang mencerminkan pergeseran menuju pemidanaan yang lebih proporsional, rehabilitatif, dan berorientasi pada pembinaan. Penelitian menggunakan metode hukum yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan dan konseptual. Bahan hukum primer, sekunder, dan tersier diperoleh melalui studi kepustakaan dan dianalisis secara kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pidana pengawasan berpotensi menyeimbangkan perlindungan masyarakat, pembinaan pelaku, dan tujuan rehabilitasi. Namun, efektivitasnya masih menghadapi persoalan berupa belum optimalnya mekanisme pengawasan, belum lengkapnya pedoman teknis, kebutuhan koordinasi antarlembaga, dan belum seragamnya standar evaluasi. Karena itu, diperlukan penguatan regulasi pelaksana dan sistem pengawasan yang terintegrasi agar penerapannya efektif, memberikan kepastian hukum, dan mendukung sistem pemidanaan nasional yang lebih humanis serta berkeadilan.
Rekonstruksi Penerapan Restorative Justice dalam Penanganan Tindak Pidana Ringan untuk Mengatasi Kriminalisasi Berlebihan di Indonesia Supardi; Edwar Kelvin; Rian Rusmana Putra
Sahaja: Journal Sharia and Humanities Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026): Sahaja: Journal Sharia and Humanities
Publisher : Universitas Darunnajah Jakarta, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61159/jk9x9026

Abstract

Penelitian ini membahas rekonstruksi penerapan restorative justice dalam penanganan tindak pidana ringan sebagai upaya mengatasi kriminalisasi berlebihan di Indonesia. Permasalahan yang dikaji berangkat dari dominasi pendekatan retributif yang membuat banyak perkara ringan tetap diproses melalui peradilan formal, sehingga berkontribusi pada penumpukan perkara dan beban lembaga pemasyarakatan. Penelitian menggunakan metode hukum normatif dengan pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan dan konseptual melalui kajian bahan hukum primer, sekunder, dan tersier. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa restorative justice relevan untuk penyelesaian perkara ringan secara lebih efektif, humanis, dan proporsional dengan menekankan pemulihan korban, tanggung jawab pelaku, dan perbaikan hubungan sosial. Pendekatan ini juga sejalan dengan nilai hukum yang hidup dalam masyarakat serta prinsip ultimum remedium. Rekonstruksi kebijakan diperlukan agar pemidanaan terhadap perbuatan dengan tingkat kesalahan rendah tidak berkembang menjadi overcriminalization dan sistem peradilan lebih berorientasi pada keadilan substantif.
Pengaturan Percobaan Tindak Pidana dalam KUHP Nasional dalam Perspektif Kepastian Hukum Lady Natalia; Ispandir Hutasoit; Rian Rusmana Putra
Sahaja: Journal Sharia and Humanities Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026): Sahaja: Journal Sharia and Humanities
Publisher : Universitas Darunnajah Jakarta, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61159/z7b73v25

Abstract

Penelitian ini membahas pengaturan percobaan tindak pidana dalam KUHP Nasional dari perspektif kepastian hukum. Pembaruan melalui Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 2023 memperinci syarat percobaan, terutama mengenai niat, permulaan pelaksanaan, batas pertanggungjawaban pidana, dan keadaan yang menyebabkan percobaan tidak dipidana. Penelitian menggunakan metode hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan konseptual melalui studi kepustakaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Pasal 17 dan Pasal 18 memberikan batas yang lebih terstruktur dibandingkan KUHP lama dan memperjelas perbedaan antara tahap persiapan dan permulaan pelaksanaan. Namun, penerapan kriteria tersebut tetap membutuhkan penilaian konkret aparat penegak hukum dan hakim, sehingga berpotensi menimbulkan perbedaan penafsiran. Karena itu, penguatan kepastian hukum tidak cukup melalui kejelasan rumusan norma, tetapi juga memerlukan parameter yang terukur, penafsiran yang konsisten, dan penerapan yang seragam dalam praktik.
Gender-Responsive Legal Protection of Pregnant Women's Nutrition: Reframing Indonesia's "Isi Piringku" through the FAO Policy on Gender Equality Hera Susanti; Hamdan Arief Hanif; Khariska Khaula Tania; Clarinta Alda Fuadiyah
Sahaja: Journal Sharia and Humanities Vol. 5 No. 2 (2026): Sahaja: Journal Sharia and Humanities ( In Press)
Publisher : Universitas Darunnajah Jakarta, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61159/4nv5h021

Abstract

The right of pregnant women to nutritious food is not only a matter of biological need but also a question of legal protection and gender justice. In Indonesia, high maternal mortality and persistent child stunting remain serious structural problems, and they are often worsened by patriarchal patterns of food distribution within the household. This study analyses how the legal protection of pregnant women can be strengthened by integrating the "Isi Piringku" (My Plate) nutrition guideline with the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) Policy on Gender Equality. Using normative legal research with statute, conceptual, and policy-comparative approaches, the study examines constitutional, statutory, and regulatory norms alongside international gender-equality standards. The results show that Indonesian health legislation formally guarantees the right to health, but clinical nutrition campaigns such as "Isi Piringku" fall short because they ignore household gender power dynamics and stop at the door of the private home. The FAO Policy on Gender Equality offers three relevant pillars: equal decision-making power, equal access to resources and food, and the reduction and redistribution of unpaid care work. The study proposes a policy shift that turns "Isi Piringku" from a passive health recommendation into an active, gender-responsive legal instrument, supported by shared spousal duties, the recognition of nutritional neglect, and village-level regulation, so that pregnant women receive equitable access to nutritious food.
From Uncertain to Proven: Evidentiary Closure and the Reversal of the Indonesian Ulema Council's Vasectomy Fatwa, 2009–2012 Ulfa Pirmani; Edi Kurniawan; Juharmen; Syarif Bin Muhammadromli Samae
Sahaja: Journal Sharia and Humanities Vol. 5 No. 2 (2026): Sahaja: Journal Sharia and Humanities ( In Press)
Publisher : Universitas Darunnajah Jakarta, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61159/a4nff163

Abstract

Existing scholarship on the Indonesian Ulema Council's (MUI) vasectomy fatwas has traced the macro-trajectory of legal change across the three temporal nodes of 1979, 2009, and 2012, interpreting the shift from absolute prohibition to conditional permissibility through the lenses of sociology of knowledge, maslahah mursalah, and maq??id al-shar??ah. The central puzzle of the transformation has remained unaddressed: between the Third National Ijtima' in Padang Panjang (January 2009) and the Fourth National Ijtima' in Cipasung (July 2012), the same medical phenomenon, the recanalisation of the vas deferens, produced two opposite legal verdicts. This article reconstructs the three-year micro-history through which a scientific controversy reached institutional closure within an Islamic legal forum. Bringing u??l al-fiqh into dialogue with Science and Technology Studies (STS), the analysis draws on both Ijtima' decision documents, the 2009 Halqah expert testimonies, Ministry of Health Letter No. TU.05.02/V/1016/2012, and the position statement of the Indonesian Association of Urological Surgeons (IAUI). The findings show that the reversal was driven not by jurisprudential reformulation but by evidentiary reconfiguration: the same evidence considered non-mu?aqqaqah in 2009 was reframed as mu?aqqaqah in 2012 once endorsed by state regulatory science and professional medical authority. The article contributes a methodological case for integrating STS frameworks into the study of contemporary Islamic jurisprudence, and shows that the persistent Indonesian controversy over vasectomy, most recently the 2025 policy debate over conditioning social assistance on the procedure, cannot be understood without grasping how its evidentiary closure was institutionally manufactured.

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