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Trends in Infection and Global Health
Published by Universitas Syiah Kuala
ISSN : 2806646x     EISSN : 2806646x     DOI : https://doi.org/10.24815/tigh.v1i2.23580
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
TIGH publishes primary research papers, review articles, short communications and letters on the following topics: Tropical diseases Microbiology Epidemiology Public health Population health One Health Immunology Chronic diseases Surgical disease and surgical care Chemotherapy and pharmacology Maternal and child health Clinical tropical medicine
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 3 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol 5, No 1 (2025): June 2025" : 3 Documents clear
Effectiveness of Chromolaena odorata L. cream in reducing melanocyte cell count and TNF- levels in male Wistar rats exposed to UVB radiation Sari, Maya; Yusuf, Hanifah
Trends in Infection and Global Health Vol 5, No 1 (2025): June 2025
Publisher : School of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24815/tigh.v5i1.47237

Abstract

Chromolaena odorata L. is a plant traditionally used in herbal medicine. The leaves of C. odorata contain bioactive compounds with high antioxidant activity, making them potential therapeutic agents for hyperpigmentation and inflammation. Ultraviolet (UV) radiation is an extrinsic factor and a major cause of skin aging, known as photoaging. Photoaging is a process due to chronic UV exposure that induces the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Excess ROS, surpassing body's antioxidant capacity, leads to skin barrier damage, DNA damage, and hyperpigmentation. Photoprotection is essential to mitigate these effects. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant activity of C. odorata leaf ethanol extract cream and its effect on melanocyte cell and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-) levels in male Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus). A true experimental post-test with control group design was used, involving 42 male Wistar rats divided into seven groups: Group Ino UVB exposure, cream base only; group IIUVB exposure only; group IIIUVB exposure with cream base; group IVUVB exposure with 5% C. odorata ethanol extract cream; group VUVB exposure with 10% C. odorata ethanol extract cream; group VIUVB exposure with 2% hydroquinone cream; and group VIIUVB exposure with 5% vitamin C cream. C. odorata extract was formulated into a cream and tested for antioxidant activity using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. The cream was topically applied to rats dorsal skin irradiated with UVB for three weeks following a scheduled exposure protocol. At weeks 3 and 6, three rats per group were euthanized using cervical dislocation, and 55 cm dorsal skin samples were collected for histological analysis of melanocyte count and TNF- levels via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). The results showed that C. odorata ethanol extract cream contained strong antioxidants with an IC50 of 57.7 mg/L. Statistical analysis revealed significant differences in melanocyte count and TNF- levels among groups at weeks 3 and 6 (p0.05). The 10% C. odorata extract cream had the lowest melanocyte counts, while the 5% C. odorata extract cream exhibited the lowest TNF- levels, indicating the extracts photoprotective and anti-inflammatory effects.
Climate change and health risks: Perceptions of risk types, vulnerable groups, and the role of health workers at primary health centers Muchsin, Gaisha HA.; Khalisa, Ighra; Satria, Darma; Giannakos, Antonios; Kurniawan, Hendra; Pratama, Rovy
Trends in Infection and Global Health Vol 5, No 1 (2025): June 2025
Publisher : School of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24815/tigh.v5i1.48135

Abstract

Global climate change poses significant health risks by altering environmental conditions, weather patterns and disease dynamics that directly affect human health. Health workers serve as critical agents in recognizing, managing, and mitigating health risks associated with climate change. Their perception and awareness are therefore pivotal in shaping effective health responses. The aim of this study was to determine health workers' perceptions of climate change as a threat to human health. The study was conducted in 11 primary healthcare centers (Pusat Kesehatan Masyarakat, Puskesmas) in Banda Aceh and involved 84 health workers. Data were collected using a questionnaire instrument that had been tested for validity (mean content validity ratio, CVR, and content validity index, CVI=0.83) and reliability (Cronbach's Alpha=0.865). Data were analyzed using index value calculations. The results indicate that most health workers had moderate perceptions of climate change (82%) and its associated health risks (85%). However, only 44% demonstrated moderate awareness regarding vulnerable community groups, and 58% showed moderate awareness regarding the role of health workers in mitigating climate-related health impacts. This study is expected to provide theoretical insights for understanding and evaluating health workers' perceptions of climate-related health risks. Practically, the findings may support government efforts in evaluating and formulating health service strategies, improving the perception of health workers to face the health risks of climate change, and providing education to the public.
Co-infection of tuberculosis and hepatitis B virus in HIV patients: Implications for diagnosis and treatment Dansura, Mangpin L.; Dangana, Amos; Samuel, Bwede E.; Gagari, Villeng F.; Miri, Nanpon; Gyang, Nyiri M.; Adejuyigbe, Zacchaeus; Ugwu, Chinwe N.; Nanbol, Helen D.; Uzoebo, Nkiruka
Trends in Infection and Global Health Vol 5, No 1 (2025): June 2025
Publisher : School of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24815/tigh.v5i1.44389

Abstract

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and tuberculosis (TB) infections are common causes of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. First-line anti-TB medications are known to cause drug-induced liver injury (DILI). The aim of this study was to investigate whether HBV and TB co-infection increases susceptibility to liver failure and poor outcomes during anti-TB treatment in HIV-positive patients. HBV infection was detected using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method, while TB infection was confirmed through Lowenstein-Jensen (LJ) medium culture. The severity and incidence of liver failure and mortality were compared, and risk factors influencing clinical outcomes were identified. Patients were categorized as new TB cases, relapse TB cases, or defaulters. Among the total cases, 64.5% were classified as new, 18% as relapse, and 17.5% as defaulters of TB cases. The prevalence of HBV infection among new, relapse, and defaulter cases was 11.5%, 4.8%, and 1.6%, respectively. In terms of TB classification, the prevalence of HBV infection among patients with pulmonary TB and extrapulmonary TB was 10.6% and 7.1%, respectively, with no cases recorded in the defaulter category. The prevalence of triple infection (HIV-TB-HBV) was found to be 13.3% in new TB cases and 3.3% in relapse TB cases. Patients undergoing anti-TB therapy with chronic HBV co-infection were more susceptible to liver failure and had poorer treatment outcomes. Regular monitoring of liver function is essential, and anti-HBV therapy should be considered for patients with high viral loads before initiating anti-TB treatment.

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