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INDONESIA
Indonesian Journal Health Science and Medicine
Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo
ISSN : -     EISSN : 30638186     DOI : https://doi.org/10.21070/ijhsm
Core Subject : Health,
Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health Veterinary
Focus: The Indonesian Journal on Health Science and Medicine (IJHSM) focus to advance the field of health science and medicine by publishing high-quality, peer-reviewed research articles, reviews, and case studies. Our journal serves as a platform for researchers, clinicians, and healthcare professionals to share innovative findings, critical insights, and emerging trends in the broad domain of health science and medicine. Scope: Clinical Research and Practice Studies on the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of diseases. Clinical trials and evidence-based practices. Advances in medical technology and therapeutics. Public Health Epidemiology and health statistics. Health policy and management. Community health initiatives and health education. Biomedical Science Research on cellular and molecular biology. Genetics and genomics. Pharmacology and toxicology. Health Care Systems and Services Health care delivery and management. Quality improvement in health care services. Health economics and health informatics. Global Health Health issues affecting populations worldwide. International health regulations and practices. Global health governance and diplomacy. Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Lifestyle and behavioral interventions. Preventive medicine and early detection. Nutritional science and physical activity. Mental Health Research on mental health disorders and treatments. Psychological well-being and mental health promotion. Integration of mental health services in primary care. Innovations in Health Education and Training Medical and health science education methodologies. Training programs for health professionals. Continuing education and professional development.
Arjuna Subject : Profesi Kesehatan - Profesi Kesehatan (Lain-Lain)
Articles 357 Documents
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Effect of Different Concentrations of Azolla sp. Plant on Protein Concentration in the Gills and Muscles of Grass Carp : Pengaruh Konsentrasi Berbeda Tanaman Azolla sp. terhadap Konsentrasi Protein pada Insang dan Otot Ikan Mas Rumput Aya Sabah Abdali; Akeil Jameil Mansour
Indonesian Journal on Health Science and Medicine Vol. 2 No. 3 (2025): Desember
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/ijhsm.v2i3.354

Abstract

General Background Protein content in fish tissues is closely related to diet composition and nutritional quality in aquaculture systems. Specific Background Azolla sp. is a rapidly growing aquatic plant recognized as a low-cost protein source suitable for herbivorous fish such as grass carp. Knowledge Gap However, limited information is available regarding tissue-specific protein concentration responses, particularly in gills and different muscle regions, following graded dietary Azolla inclusion. Aims This study aimed to evaluate the effects of different Azolla concentrations on protein levels in the gills and muscles of grass carp fingerlings. Results One hundred and twenty fish were fed diets containing 0%, 15%, and 30% Azolla, and protein concentrations were determined using the BCA method. The results showed clear variations in protein concentration across tissues, treatments, and experimental periods, with statistically significant differences observed in gill and muscle regions. Novelty This study provides region-specific evidence of protein distribution in gills and anterior and posterior muscles in response to Azolla-based diets. Implications The findings support the potential use of Azolla as a dietary component in grass carp feeding strategies while highlighting its physiological relevance at the tissue level. Keywords: Azolla Sp., Grass Carp, Gill Protein, Muscle Protein, Plant-Based Feed Key Findings Highlights: Protein concentrations varied significantly among gills and muscle regions across dietary treatments. Distinct responses were observed between anterior and posterior muscle tissues. Graded Azolla inclusion demonstrated tissue-specific nutritional responses.
Assessment of Dyslipidemia and Hypercholesterolemia among Patients from two Hospitals in Basra City : Penilaian Dislipidemia dan Hiperkolesterolemia pada Pasien dari Dua Rumah Sakit di Kota Basra Saged S. Hassan; Nader A. Salman; Shahla Ali Hassan
Indonesian Journal on Health Science and Medicine Vol. 2 No. 3 (2025): Desember
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/ijhsm.v2i3.355

Abstract

General Background: Cholesterol and triglycerides are essential lipids involved in cellular function and energy metabolism, yet abnormal levels are closely associated with cardiovascular disease. Specific Background: Lipid profiles are known to vary with age and gender, but local data from Basra City remain limited. Knowledge Gap: There is insufficient hospital-based evidence describing age- and gender-related patterns of dyslipidemia among patients in Basra. Aims: This study examined cholesterol and triglyceride levels in relation to age and gender among patients from two major hospitals in Basra City. Results: Data from 100 patients aged 13–79 years showed higher triglyceride levels in older adults compared to younger groups. Hypercholesterolemia was more frequent in males than females, with 20% of males and 16% of females exceeding 239 mg/dL. Borderline cholesterol levels were also more prevalent in males. Triglyceride abnormalities followed a similar trend, although gender differences were not statistically significant. Novelty: The study provides recent hospital-based lipid profile data specific to Basra City, highlighting demographic variations. Implications: These findings support the importance of age- and gender-sensitive screening strategies for dyslipidemia in clinical practice. Keywords: Triglycerides, Cholesterol, Age Differences, Gender Differences, Basra City Key Findings Highlights: Lipid abnormalities increased progressively with advancing age among patients. Male patients exhibited higher rates of elevated cholesterol levels than females. Triglyceride distributions showed demographic variation linked to lifestyle factors.
Iron Status Alterations in Osteoporotic Pre and Postmenopausal Women: Perubahan Status Zat Besi pada Wanita Pra dan Pasca Menopause dengan Osteoporosis Mustafa Abd Almajeed Hussein; Nawal Khalil Ibrahim; Saja Hasan Saleem
Indonesian Journal on Health Science and Medicine Vol. 2 No. 3 (2025): Desember
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/ijhsm.v2i3.356

Abstract

General Background: Osteoporosis is a major skeletal disorder associated with fractures, disability, and increased mortality among women. Specific Background: Alterations in bone metabolism may influence hematological parameters and iron status, particularly during the menopausal transition. Knowledge Gap: Limited data are available regarding the association between blood variables and iron status in pre- and post-menopausal women with osteoporosis in Basrah. Aims: This study aimed to evaluate blood parameters and iron status indicators among pre- and post-menopausal women suffering from osteoporosis. Results: Ninety-seven women aged 40–60 years were assessed using DEXA and laboratory analysis. Osteoporotic women showed significant decreases in hemoglobin, packed cell volume, and serum iron, accompanied by a significant increase in serum ferritin. Red and white blood cell counts and total iron-binding capacity showed no significant changes compared with healthy controls. These findings were consistent in both pre- and post-menopausal groups. Novelty: The study provides regional evidence linking iron status disturbances with osteoporosis among menopausal women in Basrah. Implications: Monitoring iron-related blood parameters may support clinical evaluation of osteoporosis in pre- and post-menopausal women. Keywords: Osteoporosis, Iron Status, Hemoglobin, Ferriti, Menopausal Women Key Findings Highlights: Reduced hemoglobin and packed cell volume were observed in osteoporotic women. Serum iron levels declined while ferritin levels increased in affected groups. Cellular blood counts remained stable despite altered iron profiles.
Residual Selenium Distribution and Risk in Shatt Al-Basrah Sediments: Distribusi Selenium Sisa dan Risiko dalam Sedimen Shatt Al-Basrah Zuhair A. Abdulnabi; Maha K. AL-Mishrey; Kareim A. Abdulkareim; Tokha, K. Shaker; Hamid T. AL-Saad
Indonesian Journal on Health Science and Medicine Vol. 2 No. 3 (2025): Desember
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/ijhsm.v2i3.357

Abstract

General Background Selenium is a trace element with complex geochemical behavior that can pose ecological and human health concerns when accumulated in aquatic environments. Specific Background The Shatt Al-Basrah Channel in southern Iraq is exposed to increasing industrial, agricultural, and urban pressures, yet detailed assessments of selenium behavior in sediment cores remain limited. Knowledge Gap Vertical distribution patterns and contamination severity of residual selenium in this channel have not been comprehensively evaluated using combined geochemical indices and health risk indicators. Aims This study aimed to quantify residual selenium concentrations, assess vertical and spatial distribution, identify natural and anthropogenic sources, and evaluate ecological and human health risks. Results Selenium concentrations ranged from 3.69 to 18.50 ppb, with highest values in surface sediments, particularly at Stations 2 and 3. Enrichment factor, contamination factor, and geoaccumulation index values indicated moderate contamination primarily linked to anthropogenic inputs. Novelty The study integrates residual fraction analysis with contamination indices and risk assessment across sediment depths in the Shatt Al-Basrah Channel. Implications The findings provide a baseline for future monitoring and support management strategies to reduce selenium inputs and potential long-term ecological and health risks in the northwest Arabian Gulf. Keywords: Selenium Contamination, Sediment Cores, Shatt Al-Basrah Channel, Ecological Risk, Anthropogenic Sources Key Findings Highlights: Surface sediments exhibited consistently higher selenium concentrations than deeper layers. Contamination indices indicated moderate enrichment associated with human activities. Residual selenium levels suggest potential long-term ecological and dietary exposure concerns.
Nano Zinc Oxide and Prosopis farcta Against Cotton Seed Bug: Nano Oksida Seng dan Prosopis farcta terhadap Hama Biji Kapas Majida Mohammad Abid Falhy; Zahraa Falah Azeez
Indonesian Journal on Health Science and Medicine Vol. 2 No. 3 (2025): Desember
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/ijhsm.v2i3.358

Abstract

General Background Nanotechnology has gained increasing attention as an alternative strategy for insect pest management. Specific Background Zinc oxide nanoparticles and plant-derived extracts have been reported as promising bio-based agents against agricultural pests. Knowledge Gap However, limited studies have evaluated green-synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles derived from Prosopis farcta fruits against cotton seed bug populations under local Iraqi conditions. Aims This study aimed to synthesize zinc oxide nanoparticles using an alcoholic extract of Prosopis farcta fruits and assess their biological activity against immature and adult stages of Oxycarenus hyalinipennis under laboratory conditions. Results The alcoholic fruit extract showed the highest mortality, reaching 90.00% within 24 hours at 2000 ppm, followed by biosynthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles, while pure zinc oxide nanoparticles produced lower mortality rates. Characterization confirmed successful nanoparticle synthesis with nanoscale dimensions and distinct morphological features. Novelty This research demonstrates the use of Prosopis farcta fruit extract as a dual reducing and stabilizing agent for zinc oxide nanoparticle synthesis with insecticidal properties. Implications The findings support the potential application of plant-based nanomaterials as alternative tools for sustainable pest management programs. Keywords: Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles, Prosopis Farcta, Green Synthesis, Oxycarenus Hyalinipennis, Pest Control Key Findings Highlights: Alcoholic fruit extract produced the highest mortality within 24 hours. Biosynthesized particles showed stronger activity than commercial material. Early developmental stages were more susceptible than later stages.
Aldosterone and Acetylcholine Associations With Chronic Hypertension: Hubungan Aldosteron dan Asetilkolin dengan Hipertensi Kronis Khutheir Abbas Ali; Ola Hassan AlSaady; Qussay Noori Raddam
Indonesian Journal on Health Science and Medicine Vol. 2 No. 3 (2025): Desember
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/ijhsm.v2i3.359

Abstract

General Background Hypertension is a major indicator of cardiovascular dysfunction and is regulated by complex hormonal and neural mechanisms. Specific Background Aldosterone and acetylcholine play critical roles in fluid balance, vascular tone, and blood pressure regulation. Knowledge Gap However, limited studies have examined the relationship between aldosterone and acetylcholine concentrations simultaneously in individuals with chronic hypertension. Aims This study aimed to evaluate serum aldosterone and acetylcholine levels and determine their correlation with blood pressure in adult males with chronic hypertension. Results The findings revealed a highly significant increase in aldosterone levels and a significant decrease in acetylcholine concentration in hypertensive patients compared to healthy controls. Aldosterone showed a positive correlation with both systolic and diastolic blood pressure, whereas acetylcholine demonstrated an inverse correlation with blood pressure. Novelty This study provides evidence of an inverse relationship between aldosterone and acetylcholine concentrations within the same hypertensive population. Implications These results contribute to a better physiological understanding of hypertension and highlight the importance of hormonal–neurotransmitter interactions in blood pressure regulation. Keywords: Aldosterone, Acetylcholine, Hypertension, Blood Pressure, Correlation Key Findings Highlights: Serum hormone levels differed significantly between patients and controls. Neurotransmitter concentration showed an inverse relationship with pressure values. Reciprocal association was observed between endocrine and neural markers.
TOC and TPH Relationships in Khor Al-Zubair Sediments: Hubungan TOC dan TPH dalam Sedimen Khor Al-Zubair Fatima Fakhir Abo-Turab; Abbas Hameed Mohammed; Hamid Talib Al-Saad
Indonesian Journal on Health Science and Medicine Vol. 2 No. 3 (2025): Desember
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/ijhsm.v2i3.360

Abstract

General Background Total petroleum hydrocarbons are persistent contaminants in marine sediments and are closely associated with organic matter. Specific Background Total organic carbon is widely used as an indicator of sedimentary processes and hydrocarbon retention. Knowledge Gap However, limited studies have evaluated the vertical and spatial relationship between TOC and TPHs in sediment cores from Khor Al-Zubair. Aims This study aimed to determine the distribution of TOC and TPHs and assess their relationship in sediment cores collected from five stations in Khor Al-Zubair, southern Iraq. Results TOC values ranged from 0.058% to 0.193%, while TPH concentrations ranged from 0.2894 to 12.4434 µg/g, with higher values generally recorded in surface layers and at Station 5. Correlation analysis revealed variable relationships between TOC and TPHs, including strong positive correlations at most stations and a strong negative correlation at one station. Novelty This study provides station-specific insights into contrasting TOC–TPH relationships within a single lagoon system. Implications The findings highlight the role of organic matter and local environmental conditions in controlling hydrocarbon distribution and support the use of TOC as an indicator of sedimentary hydrocarbon retention. Keywords: Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons, Total Organic Carbon, Sediment Cores, Khor Al-Zubair, Marine Pollution Key Findings Highlights: Concentrations varied vertically with higher values near sediment surfaces. Organic matter showed contrasting associations across sampling locations. Spatial patterns reflected localized anthropogenic activities.
PAH Distribution and Combustion Sources in Tigris River Sediments: Distribusi dan Sumber Pembakaran PAH dalam Sedimen Sungai Tigris Salah M. Saleh; Fadhil J. Farhan; Huda H. AL-Kayoon; Maha K. AL-Mishrey; Ali H. Amtegie; Hamid AL-Saad
Indonesian Journal on Health Science and Medicine Vol. 2 No. 3 (2025): Desember
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/ijhsm.v2i3.361

Abstract

General Background Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are persistent organic pollutants that accumulate in aquatic sediments and pose ecological and health risks. Specific Background The Tigris River at Amara City is exposed to urban, industrial, and hydrological pressures that may promote PAH accumulation. Knowledge Gap However, detailed information on PAH concentrations and sources in this river section remains limited. Aims This study aimed to assess the concentration, spatial distribution, and sources of PAHs in surface sediments along the Tigris River at Amara City. Results Sediment samples from five stations were analyzed using GC–MS, revealing total PAH concentrations ranging from 2.73 to 206.05 ng/g, with a pronounced hotspot at Station 5. High molecular weight PAHs dominated most stations, and diagnostic ratios indicated predominantly pyrogenic sources, with minor petrogenic input at one station. Novelty This study provides site-specific evidence of localized PAH contamination and source patterns within a critical reach of the Tigris River. Implications The findings offer baseline data for environmental monitoring and support pollution management strategies in southern Iraq. Keywords: General Background Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are persistent organic pollutants that accumulate in aquatic sediments and pose ecological and health risks. Specific Background The Tigris River at Amara City is exposed to urban, industrial, and hydrological pressures that may promote PAH accumulation. Knowledge Gap However, detailed information on PAH concentrations and sources in this river section remains limited. Aims This study aimed to assess the concentration, spatial distribution, and sources of PAHs in surface sediments along the Tigris River at Amara City. Results Sediment samples from five stations were analyzed using GC–MS, revealing total PAH concentrations ranging from 2.73 to 206.05 ng/g, with a pronounced hotspot at Station 5. High molecular weight PAHs dominated most stations, and diagnostic ratios indicated predominantly pyrogenic sources, with minor petrogenic input at one station. Novelty This study provides site-specific evidence of localized PAH contamination and source patterns within a critical reach of the Tigris River. Implications The findings offer baseline data for environmental monitoring and support pollution management strategies in southern Iraq. Keywords: PAHs, River Sediments, GC–MS Analysis, Source Identification, Tigris River Key Findings Highlights: Marked spatial variability in sediment contamination was observed among sampling stations. Combustion-derived compounds dominated most sampling locations. A localized hotspot exhibited elevated carcinogenic compound levels.
Evaluation of Insecticidal Activity of Tanacetum parthenium Plant against Housefly (Musca domestica) in Bojnord, Iran: Evaluasi Aktivitas Insektisida Tanaman Tanacetum parthenium terhadap Lalat Rumah (Musca domestica) di Bojnord, Iran Fatemeh Kouhestani; Mohammad Saaid Dayer; Hassan Vatandoost; Kourosh Arzamani; Hossein Kamali; Mehdi Imani; Ameneh Mohammadi
Indonesian Journal on Health Science and Medicine Vol. 2 No. 3 (2025): Desember
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/ijhsm.v2i3.362

Abstract

General Background Botanical insecticides are increasingly explored as alternatives to synthetic chemicals due to rising resistance in medically important pests. Specific Background Tanacetum parthenium is a medicinal plant rich in pyrethrins and traditionally known for multiple pharmacological properties, yet its bioactivity against Musca domestica had not been tested. Knowledge Gap No previous experimental data existed on the toxicity of feverfew extracts against larval and adult houseflies from North Khorasan, Iran. Aims This study aimed to extract active ingredients from wild T. parthenium and evaluate their insecticidal activity against larvae and adults of M. domestica. Results Bioassays showed dose- and time-dependent mortality in both life stages, with LC50 and LC90 values of 5135 and 8840 ppm for adults at 48 h, and 329 and 551 ppm for larvae at 24 h, indicating higher susceptibility in larvae. Novelty This is the first report demonstrating the insecticidal properties of T. parthenium against houseflies under controlled laboratory conditions. Implications The findings indicate that native feverfew extracts could serve as a botanical bio-insecticide for vector and pest control, supporting environmentally friendly alternatives to synthetic insecticides. Keywords: Tanacetum Parthenium, Musca Domestica, Botanical Insecticide, Pyrethrins, Bioassay Key Findings Highlights: Feverfew extracts caused strong dose-dependent mortality in both developmental stages. Juvenile forms required much lower concentrations than mature forms. Pyrethrin-containing fractions were responsible for toxic action.
Role of Key Metabolic Enzymes in Obesity-Associated Insulin Resistance: A Biochemical Review Alaa R. M. Chyad
Indonesian Journal on Health Science and Medicine Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026): July
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/ijhsm.v3i1.364

Abstract

General Background: Obesity represents a critical global health challenge, serving as a primary risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus and insulin resistance through complex metabolic alterations. Specific Background: The pathophysiological mechanisms linking obesity to insulin resistance involve dysregulation of key metabolic enzymes that govern glucose and lipid homeostasis in insulin-sensitive tissues, including liver, skeletal muscle, and adipose tissue. Knowledge Gap: Despite recognition of enzyme involvement in obesity-related metabolic dysfunction, the precise biochemical pathways through which specific enzymatic networks contribute to insulin signaling disruption remain incompletely characterized. Aims: This review systematically examines the roles of major metabolic enzymes—including phosphoinositide 3-kinase, AMP-activated protein kinase, glucokinase, pyruvate dehydrogenase, carnitine palmitoyltransferase I, and acetyl-CoA carboxylase—in mediating obesity-associated insulin resistance. Results: Evidence demonstrates that obesity induces coordinated dysregulation across glycolytic, gluconeogenic, lipogenic, and oxidative pathways, promoting ectopic lipid accumulation, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and chronic low-grade inflammation that collectively impair insulin receptor signaling cascades. Novelty: This synthesis provides an integrated biochemical framework connecting enzyme-mediated metabolic flux alterations to systemic insulin resistance. Implications: Understanding these enzyme-specific pathways offers potential therapeutic targets for pharmacological intervention aimed at restoring insulin sensitivity and preventing metabolic complications in obese populations.Keywords : Obesity, Insulin Resistance, Metabolic Enzymes, Glucose Metabolism, Lipid MetabolismHighlight : Dysregulated lipogenic and oxidative enzymes drive ectopic lipid accumulation in insulin-sensitive tissues. Mitochondrial dysfunction and enzyme-mediated redox imbalance exacerbate metabolic inflexibility during obesity. Targeted modulation of key metabolic enzymes offers therapeutic potential for restoring insulin sensitivity.

Page 35 of 36 | Total Record : 357

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