Journal of Experimental and Applied Physics
Journal of Experimental and Applied Physics: an international peer-reviewed open-access journal dedicated to interchange for the results of high-quality research in all aspects of theoretical physics, applied physics, electronics and instrumentation, material physics, biophyiscs, geophysics, high energy physics and computational physics.
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<![CDATA[Design and Build an Automatic Feeding System for Catfish Farming based-on Internet of Things (IoT) ]]>
<![CDATA[Fajri, Mukhlis Surito]]>;
<![CDATA[Asrizal, Asrizal]]>;
<![CDATA[Amir, Harman]]>;
<![CDATA[Mairizwan, Mairizwan]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of Experimental and Applied Physics Vol 2 No 4 (2024): December Edition ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Department of Physics, Universitas Negeri Padang ]]>
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DOI: 10.24036/jeap.v2i4.64
<![CDATA[Fish farming represents a sector aimed at boosting the national economy. The Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries has prioritized programs to support the growth of catfish farming.. However, there are still obstacles experienced by cultivators such as irregularities in feeding time and uneven distribution of feed. Therefore, a solution is needed in the form of designing an efficient system in providing fish feed. The system is developed using ESP32 microcontroller, servo motor, stepper motor, loadcell, and connected to the website for remote control. The system utilizes a motor, load cell, and is integrated with a website for remote operation. This research employs an engineering approach, focusing on system design and testing. The findings indicate that the system achieves an average feed weight measurement accuracy of 98.31%, demonstrating reliable performance in both laboratory and field-scale tests. This system is expected to increase efficiency, practicality, and effectiveness in catfish farming, as well as providing real-time information about feed and feeding schedules.]]>
<![CDATA[Modification of Thermal Column in Kartini Reactor Using Briquettes and Powder of Coconut Shell for BNCT: Monte Carlo Simulation ]]>
<![CDATA[Yani, Sitti]]>;
<![CDATA[Husin, Abd. Djamil]]>;
<![CDATA[Sudiro, Sukma Tri Adinda]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of Experimental and Applied Physics Vol 2 No 4 (2024): December Edition ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Department of Physics, Universitas Negeri Padang ]]>
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DOI: 10.24036/jeap.v2i4.72
<![CDATA[This study was analyzed the distribution of thermal neutron flux and gamma ray dose rate in the Kartini rector thermal column modified by replacing graphite material with briquettes and coconut shell powder as a moderator using Monte Carlo simulation, PHITS. The particle source uses neutrons with energies of 3 MeV, 4 MeV, and 5 MeV placed in front of the thermal column. The results showed that of the four modifications, only design 2 of the thermal column with briquettes at 3 MeV energy met the IAEA standard for Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT). The thermal column material with coconut shell powder does not meet the IAEA standard. This shows that coconut shell briquettes are more effective in moderating fast neutrons than coconut shell powder because the briquettes have the characteristic of greater density, which is almost the same value as the density of graphite.]]>
<![CDATA[Using Sensors with the Internet of Thing for Earthquake Detection System : A Systematic Literature Review ]]>
<![CDATA[Putri, Shinta Maharani]]>;
<![CDATA[Asrizal, Asrizal]]>;
<![CDATA[Amir, Harman]]>;
<![CDATA[Mairizwan, Mairizwan]]>;
<![CDATA[Fitri, Mutiara Nurul]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of Experimental and Applied Physics Vol 2 No 4 (2024): December Edition ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Department of Physics, Universitas Negeri Padang ]]>
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DOI: 10.24036/jeap.v2i4.73
<![CDATA[Every human being needs safety in their lives from all disasters. However, earthquakes are the most impactful geological natural phenomena that can threaten human safety. One solution is to utilize an earthquake detection system to anticipate such disasters by utilizing sensor technology and the Internet of Thing (IoT). The purpose of this research is to evaluate the effectiveness of various earthquake detection technologies, including vibration sensors such as SW-420, MAG3110, DHT11, ADXL335 Accelerometer, HC-SRO4, and 801S vibration sensor, as well as IoT integration in early warning systems. The method used is Systematic Literature Review (SLR) with PRISMA design, including the steps of identification, screening, eligibility, and analysis of articles taken from the Google Scholar database for publications in 2018-2024. The results showed that the application of technologies such as Fuzzy Logic and vibration sensors, as well as IoT integration, significantly improved the effectiveness of earthquake detection and warning.]]>
<![CDATA[Compact Spectrophotometer Using TEMT600 Sensor for Protein Concentration Measurement ]]>
<![CDATA[Matondang, Anggun Sisri Br.]]>;
<![CDATA[Yulkifli, Yulkifli]]>;
<![CDATA[Mairizwan, Mairizwan]]>;
<![CDATA[Sari, Mona Berlian]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of Experimental and Applied Physics Vol 2 No 4 (2024): December Edition ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Department of Physics, Universitas Negeri Padang ]]>
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DOI: 10.24036/jeap.v2i4.74
<![CDATA[A simple spectrophotometer utilizing a white LED light source (520 nm wavelength) and a TEMT600 light sensor has been successfully developed to measure the concentration and absorbance of protein solutions. This device demonstrated an impressive average measurement accuracy of 96.26% for concentration and 95.97% for absorbance, making it highly effective for protein analysis. Despite its reliability, certain deviations were observed in the measurement results, primarily attributed to unpredictable environmental fluctuations and suboptimal sample preparation. These factors contributed to an average deviation of 3.74% for concentration and 4.25% for absorbance. While these deviations are relatively minimal and within an acceptable range, they highlight areas for potential improvement in future designs. Nevertheless, the tool is considered suitable for accurately measuring protein solution concentration and absorbance, proving its capability for laboratory or educational purposes. Its simplicity and cost-effectiveness make it a valuable device for routine protein analysis]]>
<![CDATA[Simulation of Silicon-Rubber and Boric Acid Composite Type Neutron Shields Thermal Absorpstion Efficiency Using NGCal Software ]]>
<![CDATA[Junita, Novia]]>;
<![CDATA[Sari, Mona Berlian]]>;
<![CDATA[Yulkifli, Yulkifli]]>;
<![CDATA[Mairizwan, Mairizwan]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of Experimental and Applied Physics Vol 2 No 4 (2024): December Edition ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Department of Physics, Universitas Negeri Padang ]]>
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DOI: 10.24036/jeap.v2i4.75
<![CDATA[Perisai neutron termal merupakan suatu struktur atau material yang memegang peranan penting dalam proteksi radiasi neutron termal untuk menghindari dampak negatif dari paparan radiasi secara langsung, baik terhadap lingkungan maupun kesehatan manusia. Pada penelitian ini, digunakan silikon-karet sebagai material utama perisai neutron, sedangkan asam borat berfungsi sebagai penyerap neutron termal, sehingga keakuratan informasi mengenai sifat redaman dan proteksi perisai neutron yang dirancang menjadi sangat penting. Beberapa parameter perisai radiasi yang harus dievaluasi dalam menentukan kinerja material perisai neutron yang difabrikasi antara lain faktor redaman massa, faktor redaman linier, dan lapisan nilai setengah. Perangkat lunak komputasi NGCal digunakan untuk mensimulasikan sifat dan parameter material perisai. Berdasarkan perhitungan yang dilakukan, dapat disimpulkan bahwa perisai dengan efisiensi tinggi adalah perisai dengan penggunaan rasio sorben yang lebih tinggi yaitu asam borat, sedangkan apabila rasio karet silikon lebih besar dari asam borat maka tingkat efisiensi penyerapan menurun, tetapi fleksibilitas mekanis perisai akan semakin baik. Ketebalan perisai neutron berhubungan langsung dengan nilai MAC dan LAC, dimana semakin tebal perisai maka nilai MAC dan LAC akan semakin tinggi, hal ini menyebabkan efisiensi penyerapan neutron termal oleh perisai neutron akan semakin meningkat apabila asam borat mendominasi pada komposit, namun apabila ketebalan perisai didominasi oleh karet silikon maka efisiensinya akan semakin menurun.]]>
<![CDATA[Design of a Free Fall Motion Experiment Using E18-D80NK Proximity and HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensors: An IoT-Based Approach ]]>
<![CDATA[Yudha, Fauzan Syafril]]>;
<![CDATA[Yulkifli, Yulkifli]]>;
<![CDATA[Asrizal, Asrizal]]>;
<![CDATA[Darvina, Yenni]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of Experimental and Applied Physics Vol 2 No 4 (2024): December Edition ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Department of Physics, Universitas Negeri Padang ]]>
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DOI: 10.24036/jeap.v2i4.76
<![CDATA[Electronics plays an important role in science, especially in the advancement of school laboratory equipment which is one of the pillars of education. Many laboratories equipment currently still use manual methods. This research aims to develop an IoT-based free fall motion measurement system that displays measurement results automatically. This system uses E18-D0NK proximity sensor and HC-SR04 ultrasonic based on ESP32. This research focuses on engineering a free fall motion measurement tool with the method of dropping objects. Data collection is done through direct and indirect approaches. Direct measurement involves reading the value on the smartphone screen, while indirect measurement is used to evaluate the level of accuracy and precision of the digital measurement system compared to conventional methods. The data obtained was statistically analyzed and represented in graphical form to provide a comprehensive understanding of the performance of the developed system. From the data analysis, there are two important findings. First, the measurement system includes an E18-D0NK proximity sensor for starting and stopping the movement of objects and an HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensor for measuring height, all housed in a toolbox. Second, the system shows excellent average accuracy and average precision.]]>
<![CDATA[Optical Characteristics Of Nano-Talc/TiO2 Thin Layer ; A Preliminary Study ]]>
<![CDATA[Vitrini, Nora]]>;
<![CDATA[Jonuarti, Riri]]>;
<![CDATA[Ratnawulan]]>;
<![CDATA[Hidayat, Rahmat]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of Experimental and Applied Physics Vol 2 No 4 (2024): December Edition ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Department of Physics, Universitas Negeri Padang ]]>
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DOI: 10.24036/jeap.v2i4.81
<![CDATA[This study tested the effect of 50%:50% concentration nano-Talc/TiO2 on optical and photocatalytic properties thin layer activity. The goal is to understand how 50%:50% concentration affects absorption, reflection and transmission as as well as photocatalytic activity of thin layer. This research is experimental, starting with grinding Talc and TiO2, followed by dilution layer synthesis using the spin coat technique. Characterization includes cross-section morphology analysis using SEM, absorption, reflection, transmission and energy measurements slit with a UV-Vis DR spectroscope, as well as photocatalytic activity test. The research results show that the coating process managed to increase absorption by (92-98)% and energy band gap of 2.93 eV while reflection and transmission are reduced by (0.5-4)%, as well as the lowest rate of photocatalytic activity degradation rate of 0%, causing low ROS under light sunlight protective layer.]]>
<![CDATA[The Analysis of Fe3O4/Graphene Oxide Magnetic Properties Synthesized from Corn Cobs Waste as A Potensial Material for Chemotherapy Agents ]]>
<![CDATA[Aziz, Abdul]]>;
<![CDATA[Darvina, Yenni]]>;
<![CDATA[Ratnawulan, Ratnawulan]]>;
<![CDATA[Hidayat, Rahmat]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of Experimental and Applied Physics Vol 2 No 4 (2024): December Edition ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Department of Physics, Universitas Negeri Padang ]]>
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DOI: 10.24036/jeap.v2i4.85
<![CDATA[Cancer is a medical condition caused by mutations in cellular DNA that damage tissue cell function. The high prevalence of cancer in Indonesia needs to be observed with preventive treatments, one of them by applying nanomedicine for targeted drug delivery at cancer sites. It’s specifically will potential to increase the efficacy of treatment and reduce the side effects. Fe3O4/Graphene Oxide (GO) nanocomposite has been widely studied as an efficient nanocarrier drug delivery for chemotherapeutic agents. Therefore, it’s necessary to research the effect of using Fe3O4/GO as an alternative material in chemotherapy agent development. Variations in the composition of Fe3O4 and GO used can determine the ability of magnetic properties. This study aims to analyze the magnetic properties of Fe3O4/GO nanocomposites from corn cob waste by using the modified hummer method. The results of the study were identified using Vibrating Sample Magnetometer with composition variations of 20%:80%, 30%:70% and 40%:60%. Based on the hysteresis curve it was shown an increase in magnetic properties along with the amount of Fe3O4 in the mixture of Fe3O4/GO nanocomposite, with Saturation Magnetization (Ms) values of 18.2 emu/gram (20%: 80%), 23.2 emu/gram (30%:70%), and 31.1 emu/gram (40%:60%); Remanent Magnetization (Mr) values of 6.82 emu/gram (20%:80%), 8.86 emu/gram (30%:70%), and 12.3 emu/gram (40%:60%) and Intrinsic Coercivity (Hc) values of 0.0421 T (20%:80%), 0.0399 T (30%:70%), and 0.0424 (40%:60%). Based on these characteristics, this sample classified as superparamagnetic material, it can be used as an alternative material of nanocarrier drug delivery for chemotherapeutic agents.]]>
<![CDATA[Magnetic Susceptibility of nanoparticles in the Lubuk Basung Region ]]>
<![CDATA[Janna, Anisa]]>;
<![CDATA[Hamdi, Hamdi]]>;
<![CDATA[Amir, Harman]]>;
<![CDATA[Zulhendra, Zulhendra]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of Experimental and Applied Physics Vol 2 No 4 (2024): December Edition ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Department of Physics, Universitas Negeri Padang ]]>
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DOI: 10.24036/jeap.v2i4.87
<![CDATA[Nanoparticles is particles that have size very small, generally in range from 1 to 100 nanometers. Nanoparticles have one uniqueness with exists characteristic superparamagnetic. Characteristic superparamagnetic is properties the material has magnetization tall if given external magnetic field, however when No There is external magnetic field mark the average magnetization is zero. On size certain, nanoparticles can show transition from superparamagnetic to ferromagnetic or antiferromagnetic. Influence size grain and structure crystal to characteristic magnetic is one method in determine susceptibility. Susceptibility magnetic is defining constant big small a material to magnetized. Study This aim to the analyze mark susceptibility magnetic from nanoparticles rock floating in the area Lubuk Basung. Method used is method magnetism rock with tool Bartington Magnetic Susceptibility Meter Type B. Research results shows in the area Lubuk Basung LBS 23-02 and LBS 23-03 are available concentration content high Fe element and concentration content element Ti more low. Magnetic susceptibility in the area Lubuk Basung have characteristic antiferromagnetic magnetism, and has type grain almost no There is details superparamagnetic and also has mixture superparamagnetic and granular rough or details superparamagnetic <0.05 μm equivalent with <50 nm. So that depicted that size nanoparticles contained in the sample rock floating LBS 23-02 and LBS 23-03 have size nanoparticles below 50 nanometers with characteristic antiferromagnetic magnetism.]]>
<![CDATA[Analysis Of Normal Stress Distribution Of Earthquakes In The Fault Segment Of The West Sumatra Region Using The Stress Inversion Method: English ]]>
<![CDATA[Daya, Ellen Kurniawati]]>;
<![CDATA[Syafriani, Syafriani]]>;
<![CDATA[Hamdi , Hamdi]]>;
<![CDATA[Amir, Harman]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of Experimental and Applied Physics Vol 2 No 4 (2024): December Edition ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Department of Physics, Universitas Negeri Padang ]]>
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DOI: 10.24036/jeap.v2i4.88
<![CDATA[West Sumatra was one of the regions on the island of Sumatra that had a high level of earthquake proneness. There were five segments of the Sumatran fault in this region. Normal stress distribution analysis could be carried out to determine tectonic activity in earthquake-prone areas. This research used the stress inversion method to identify normal stresses, which could trigger or inhibit fractures. The data used involved 17 fault plane parameters (strike, dip, rake) from earthquakes with a magnitude of ≥4.7 that occurred in the West Sumatra region from 1967-2023. The type of fault analysed was strike-slip, and the earthquake's epicenter was located on land. The results of this research provided an overview of the position and direction of normal stress due to earthquakes in the West Sumatra region. The distribution of the normal stress position of the fault segment was shown through the pressure and tension axes (P/T), with respectively sigma1, sigma2, and sigma3 having azimuth/plunge values of 353.990/4.760, 247.260/73.860, and 85.310/15.380. The direction of maximum normal stress (sigma1) is spreading in the northern part of the fault segment. In contrast, intermediate normal stress (sigma1) is situated in the western sector of the fault segment, while minimum normal stress (sigma3) is in the eastern part of the fault segment in this region. Analysis of the normal stress distribution is showing that the Talamau segment is being dominated by maximum normal stress, indicating that the Pasaman area and its surroundings are being considered vulnerable to faults and earthquakes.]]>
