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Rainbow : Journal of Literature, Linguistics and Culture Studies
Published by Universitas Negeri Semarang
ISSN : -     EISSN : 27214540     DOI : https://doi.org/10.15294/rainbow
Core Subject : Education,
Other
Rainbow journal has commitment to exchange and share ideas as well as research findings from researchers. Also, it provides the interdisciplinary forum for the most recent innovations, trends, concerns, practical challenges encountered and the solutions adopted in the field of Literature, Linguistics, and Cultural Studies:
Arjuna Subject : Umum - Umum
Articles 71 Documents
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Preventing cultural displacement in multicultural societies as reflected in Persimmons by Li-Young Lee Fathurozi, Oxa Ardyan; Haryanti, Rahayu Puji
Rainbow : Journal of Literature, Linguistics and Culture Studies Vol. 14 (2025): Special Edition
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/rainbow.v14i.29988

Abstract

This study explores the portrayal of cultural displacement and efforts to preserve cultural identity in Li-Young Lee’s poem Persimmons using Michael Riffaterre’s Semiotics of Poetry. Cultural displacement—caused by language barriers, institutional isolation, and cultural misrepresentation—poses serious risks to identity continuity in multicultural societies. The poem serves as a powerful literary example of how immigrant experiences reflect both trauma and resistance. Using qualitative textual analysis, this study applies Riffaterre’s concept of matrix, model, variants, hypogram, and textual interpretants to uncover how the poem conceals deeper cultural meanings beneath language conflict and metaphor. Findings reveal that Persimmons portrays cultural displacement through linguistic confusion, memory loss, and institutional punishment, symbolized by the misinterpretation of the persimmon fruit. However, the poem also emphasizes the preservation of cultural identity through sensory memory, family traditions, and symbolic reclamation. The persimmon functions as a hypogram—a hidden sign of heritage—representing emotional and cultural continuity. This research contributes to literary semiotics and postcolonial discourse by demonstrating how poetic language can resist cultural erasure and affirm identity within multicultural contexts. Ultimately, the study shows that the poetry like Persimmons serves not only as a personal expression but as a powerful mode of cultural preservation and resilience.             
The Portrayal of Mortality and Its Impact on Human Behaviour in ‘They Both Die at The End’ by Adam Silvera Mahyuzar, Muhammad Al Fatih; Wulandari, Rini Susanti
Rainbow : Journal of Literature, Linguistics and Culture Studies Vol. 14 (2025): Special Edition
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/rainbow.v14i.30027

Abstract

This study aims to explore the representation of death and its influence on human behavior in Adam Silvera's novel They Both Die at the End through Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic approach. In the novel, the call of the "Death-Cast", which informs people of their last day, functions as a trigger for the primacy of death, a condition that increases existential anxiety and psychological tension. This study uses qualitative methods to examine the responses of two main characters, Mateo and Rufus, to the certainty of death they face by examining the dynamics of the id, ego, and superego. In addition, the study also highlights how defense mechanisms such as repression, rationalization, and sublimation are used by both characters as a way to deal with emotional stress. The findings show that awareness of death drives significant psychological changes, such as Mateo, who was initially introverted but developed into a more open and honest person with himself, while Rufus experienced a shift from impulsive and aggressive attitudes to deeper self-understanding and warmer relationships. This transformation reflects the inner conflict between unconscious drives, moral values, and the role of the ego in mediating the two.
Femininity of Japanese culture in Kawakami's Breasts and Eggs Safitri, Isnaeni Della; Sumaryani, Sri
Rainbow : Journal of Literature, Linguistics and Culture Studies Vol. 14 (2025): Special Edition
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/rainbow.v14i.30041

Abstract

In Japanese society, women are expected to exhibit femininity shaped by the ideology of “good wife, wise mother” prevalent in Japan. This societal norm often limits women’s ability to pursue independent lives. However, the rise of the feminist movement has contributed to greater self-awareness among women, encouraging them to assert their rights and express their femininity in a non-traditional way. This study aims to explore how femininity is portrayed through female characters in Kawakami’s Breasts and Eggs. A descriptive qualitative method is employed in this research, drawing on Judith Butler’s theory of gender performativity. The results of this study suggest that femininity can be conveyed through the behavior, appearance, and language of several female characters, including Natsuko, Makiko, Midoriko, and Natsuko’s friend. The femininity portrayed by these characters also demonstrates that they both maintain and challenge traditional Japanese femininity. This depiction illustrates that femininity is constructed by society, which aligns with what Judith Butler discussed about gender.
Women’s empowerment through education, resilience, and gender roles in Anne of Green Gables by L.M. Montgomery Herawati, Eva Catur; Wulandari, Rini Susanti
Rainbow : Journal of Literature, Linguistics and Culture Studies Vol. 14 (2025): Special Edition
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/rainbow.v14i.30044

Abstract

This study explores the theme of women’s empowerment in Anne of  Green Gables by L.M. Montgomery through the lenses of education, resilience, and gender roles using a liberal feminism. The analysis focuses on how the protagonist, Anne Shirley, navigates a patriarchal society and asserts her agency through academic ambition, personal strength, and the rejection of traditional gender expectations. The study also examines the influence of supporting characters, such as Marilla Cuthbert, Diana Barry, Miss Stacy and Gilbert Blythe in shaping and reflecting changing gender norms. By analyzing the dialogues in the novel, this research demonstrates that education and resilience not only foster Anne’s and the others character personal growth and independence but also challenge societal norms and promote gender equality. The study concludes that literature, as seen in Montgomery’s work, can be a powerful tool for feminist critique and social transformation.
Psychoanalytic Reading of Desire for Freedom in Osamu Dazai’s The Setting Sun Saputra, Kevin; Anam, Zuhrul
Rainbow : Journal of Literature, Linguistics and Culture Studies Vol. 14 (2025): Special Edition
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/rainbow.v14i.30056

Abstract

This study explores the psychological impact of Japan’s post-World War II defeat as depicted in Osamu Dazai’s The Setting Sun (1956), using Lacanian psychoanalysis to examine characters’ desires for freedom and identity reconstruction. Set against the collapse of traditional Japanese values and aristocracy, the novel reflects a society in transition from feudalism to industrial modernity. The research employs a descriptive qualitative method, focusing on close textual analysis to identify expressions of desire and internal conflict among the characters, particularly Kazuko and Naoji. Drawing on Lacan’s concepts of the Imaginary, the Symbolic, and the Real, the study investigates how language, social structures, and unconscious forces shape subjectivity. Data were categorized using an inventorying table, enabling thematic interpretation of the characters’ struggles with love, loss, autonomy, and societal expectation. Findings suggest that the characters’ fragmented identities mirror Japan’s cultural disorientation, highlighting how personal freedom becomes entangled with national trauma. This research offers insight into the ways literature can reflect and dramatize psychological crises, illustrating how postwar literature serves as both a cultural artifact and a means of exploring the human condition under historical rupture.
Salama’s Hallucinations Analysis in Zoulfa Katouh’s As Long As The Lemon Trees Grow Fadhilah, Aulia Hapsari; Sumaryani, Sri
Rainbow : Journal of Literature, Linguistics and Culture Studies Vol. 14 (2025): Special Edition
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/rainbow.v14i.30103

Abstract

War is a violent event that can lead to psychological destruction, such as depression, deep trauma, and others. Depression and trauma can cause hallucinations. Hallucinations are psychological disorders when someone sees or hears something that actually does not exist. The unconscious mind, painful memories, and deep trauma can profoundly influence hallucinations, much like a dream does. This article aims to reveal and show the representations of unconscious desire, fear, and trauma through the hallucinations that are experienced by the main character in Zoulfa Katouh’s As Long As The Lemon Trees Grow. The method used is qualitative and is analyzed using Sigmund Freud’s theory of the unconscious mind. The results of this research show that Salama's hallucinations have a close relationship with the unconscious mind. The hallucinating figure of Khawf represents Salama's deep fear and trauma, as Khawf constantly reminds her of the stern warning that compelled Salama to flee the conflict occurring in her country. Meanwhile, the hallucinating figure of Layla is a representation of her hidden desires, a sense of security and companionship in a world that has become unbearable.  
Memory transfer as a medium to access intergenerational trauma across three generations in On Earth We’re Briefly Gorgeous by Ocean Vuong Chaniago, Annisa Tusa'diyah; Sumaryani, Sri
Rainbow : Journal of Literature, Linguistics and Culture Studies Vol. 14 (2025): Special Edition
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/rainbow.v14i.30109

Abstract

The novel depicts the effect of the Vietnam War on the three generations, both during and long after the war. This article aims to show the portrayal of intergenerational trauma by three generations in On Earth We’re Briefly Gorgeous by Ocean Vuong. Through this analysis, each traumatic memory that is passed down from generation to generation will be explored. This analysis uses a qualitative descriptive method with the post-memory theory proposed by Marianne Hirsch. In consideration of that, the researcher will find the portrayal of intergenerational trauma experienced by the three generations in the novel, which are interconnected with each other. The results of this analysis indicate that the first generation, Lan, has schizophrenia and PTSD; the second generation, Rose, also has PTSD and anger issues due to their miserable life during the war; the third generation, Little Dog, who did not experience the Vietnam War at all was also affected through the transfer of memories such as stories, dark jokes, and verbally and physically abusive behavior. Therefore, through a collection of letters written by Little Dog, he tells the dark story of his family and his struggle in facing all the memories given.
A syntactical analysis of sentence structures and types in the song lyrics of “To The Bone” and “Lathi” Al Bahy, Muhammad Ilmi; Darmawan, Ruly Indra
Rainbow : Journal of Literature, Linguistics and Culture Studies Vol. 14 (2025): Special Edition
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/rainbow.v14i.30141

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the sentence structures and types found in two popular Indonesian songs written in English, “To the Bone” by Pamungkas and “Lathi” by Weird Genius ft. Sara Fajira, and to examine how the songwriters’ syntactic choices contribute to the song lyrics’ expressive impact. Using Carnie’s phrase structure rules (PSRs) for tree diagram constructions, the study identifies constituents, categories, and grammatical functions in the lyrics written by non-native English speakers, especially Indonesians. The results show that simple declarative sentences appear most frequently, with “To The Bone” containing 15 simple sentences within 39 declaratives and “Lathi” containing 9 simple sentences within 22 declaratives. Such syntactic patterns are commonly chosen for emotional clarity and accessibility. On the other hand, “To the Bone” also uses imperatives and interrogatives to enhance emotional engagement, whereas “Lathi” exclusively uses declaratives. Lastly, these songs use fragments and interjections to create emotional impact and support rhythmic flow. In conclusion, these results outline how non-native songwriters manipulate English syntax to create clear narratives and evoke strong emotions in the song lyrics.
Revealing the Colonial Hypocrisy: Racism and Identity on This Earth of Mankind Ryan, Patrick Maullana; Darmawan, Ruly Indra
Rainbow : Journal of Literature, Linguistics and Culture Studies Vol. 14 (2025): Special Edition
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/rainbow.v14i.30196

Abstract

This Earth of Mankind, a powerful literary work that explores the complexities of identity and the aftereffects of colonial domination, was published in 1980 by Indonesian author Pramodya Ananta Toer. The intricate web of power dynamics present in colonial nations is shown by the novel's examination of oppression. The story sheds light on the racial and social hierarchy that uphold the systematic oppression of the indigenous population, as well as the stark disparities that exist between the colonizers and the colonized. This essay highlights the diverse aspects of identity formation in a colonial setting. The novel's analysis of oppression demonstrates the complex web of power relations that existed in colonial countries. The narrative highlights the glaring differences between the colonizers and the colonized, as well as the racial and socioeconomic hierarchy that sustains the systematic subjugation of the indigenous population. It revolves around Minke, a native Javanese character who struggles with his multiple identities as an educated man navigating a Dutch-dominated society and as a representative of his indigenous culture. The various facets of identity creation in a colonial context are highlighted in this essay.
The role of interpersonal relationship in Nora Seed's psychological journey in The Midnight Library Chairunnisa, Salya Arwanda; Sri Sumaryani
Rainbow : Journal of Literature, Linguistics and Culture Studies Vol. 14 (2025): Special Edition
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/rainbow.v14i.30273

Abstract

Infants' early experiences with their mother or caregiver shape how they build relationships in the future and internalize the emotional experience of objects. The quality of relationships formed with significant others can influence psychological growth. Matt Haig's The Midnight Library depicts how Nora Seed, the main character in the novel, relates to important people in her life that affect her psychological state. This study aims to identify and explore how interpersonal relationships can affect Nora Seed's psychological conditions in Matt Haig's The Midnight Library. This study employs a descriptive qualitative approach, drawing on Klein's object relations theory, because it enables researchers to explore and analyze narratives and dialogues in depth and holistically through careful data collection and detailed analysis. The results of this study show that Nora Seed's initial relationship with her parents as caregivers influences the formation of relationships with other significant people. She viewed her parents with ambivalence and as "bad" objects. It formed a negative relationship with her significant others, so Nora experienced problems in her psychological state, such as depression, emotional instability, loss of reason to live, etc.

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